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Synthesis of pentacyclic compounds via intramolecular [3 + 2] photocycloaddition of cycloalkene linked naphthalenes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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de Vaal P, Osselton E, Krijnen E, Lodder G, Cornelisse J. The meta
photocycloaddition of alkyl- and alkoxy-substituted arenes to cyclopentene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19881070603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Jans AWH, Cornelisse J. The meta
-photocycloaddition of cyclopentene to ortho
-methylanisole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19811000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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4
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Jans AWH, van Dijk-Knepper JJ, Cornelisse J. The meta
-photocyloaddition of cyclopentene to anisole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19821010711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Al-Qaradawi S, Gilbert A, Jones DT. Factors influencing the reaction-mode selectivity and regiochemistry of intermolecular photocycloaddition reactions of ethenes to polysubstituted benzenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19951141112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Formation of cyclooctatriene and bicyclooctadiene through regioselective intermolecular (2+2) photocycloaddition of benzoic acids to allyl alcohol in water. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chappell D, Russell AT. From alpha-cedrene to crinipellin B and onward: 25 years of the alkene-arene meta-photocycloaddition reaction in natural product synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:4409-30. [PMID: 17268633 DOI: 10.1039/b614011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Wender and Howbert's remarkable synthesis of alpha-cedrene in 1981 brought the attention of the synthetic community to the alkene-arene meta-photocycloaddition reaction. Here we review the natural product syntheses that have been achieved, over the last 25 years, utilising this strategic level reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chappell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK RG6 6AD
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Piet D, De Bruijn S, Sum J, Lodder G. New molecular entities via intermolecularmetaphotocycloaddition. J Heterocycl Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570420208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
The photochemistry of the title compound has been studied in the gas phase using 254-nm irradiation. In addition to meta cycloadducts analogous to those observed in solution, population of S1(vib) in the gas phase gives several products, the relative amounts of which depend on quencher gas pressure but not on excitation wavelength. For example, in the absence of butane, the major photoproduct is compound 5. This product is formed by a [1,5] hydrogen shift in the primary photoproduct, compound 4. Compound 4 is an intramolecular meta cycloadduct that is generated in the gas phase with sufficient excess vibrational energy to undergo rearrangement unless quencher gas is present. Likewise, there is evidence that two other meta cycloadducts (2 and 3) are also formed with appreciable vibrational energy in the absence of a quencher gas. A unique intramolecular ortho cycloadduct is also formed from 1 but only within a narrow range of quencher gas pressures. This is a two-photon product, with the initial cycloadduct (11) ring opening to a cyclooctatriene (12) that photochemically closes to 6. The pressure dependence of this ortho cycloaddition may be due to a requirement for vibrational deactivation of 11 (Scheme 5) or a precursor species (Scheme 6). The overall chemistry is outlined in Scheme 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Dar D Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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de vaal P, Lodder G, Cornelisse J. Partial rate factors in photochemistry: Themeta photocycloaddition of methylbenzenes to cyclopentene. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610050905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Neijenesch H, Ridderikhoff E, Ramsteijn C, Cornelisse J. Intramolecular meta photocycloaddition of 6-arylhex-2-enes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(89)87013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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15
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Jans A, van Arkel B, van Dijk-Knepper J, Mioch H, Cornelisse J. The meta photocycloaddition of anisole to oxa- and dioxa-cyclopentenes and to ethyl vinyl ether. Tetrahedron 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)91256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Jans A, van Arkel B, van Dijk-Knepper J, Cornelisse J. The meta-photocycloaddition of ethylvinylether to 3-methylanisole and 3-fluoroanisole. Tetrahedron Lett 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)87718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Photochemical cycloaddition of olefie to aromatic compounds -IV. on the mechanism of the photochemical meta-cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)85747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gilbert A, Yianni P. Regio- and stereo-selectivities of the ortho and meta photocycloaddition reactions of ethylenes to benzene and its simple derivatives. Tetrahedron 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)92375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Wender PA, Dreyer GB. Synthetic studies on arene-olefin cycloadditions. ii. total synthesis of (±)-isocomene. Tetrahedron 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(81)80011-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Mattay J, Leismann H, Scharf HD. Photochemische Cycloaddition von Benzol an 1,3-Dioxole und 1,4-Dioxen. Teil 1: Präparative Ergebnisse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19791120221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Majima T, Pac C, Sakurai H. Photochemical Reactions of Aromatic Compunds. XXXI. Exciplex Quenching by Pyridine, Methylated Pyridines, and Methylated Imidazoles and Termolecular Interaction in the Excited Singlet State. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1978. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.51.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Leismann H, Mattay J, Scharf HD. Intermolecular exciplex formation between benzene and some olefinic compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0047-2670(78)80060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bryce-Smith D, Dadson W, Gilbert A, Orger B, Tyrrell H. meta-Photocycloaddition of ethylenes to substituted benzenes. Tetrahedron Lett 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)85460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Leismann H, Mattay J. Zur exciplexbildung von benzol in gegenwart von endiolethern und triethylamin. Tetrahedron Lett 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)95198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Srinivasan R, Ors J. Factors which control exciplex formation in the 1,3-photoaddition reaction of anisole with olefins. Chem Phys Lett 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(76)80663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Subrahmanyam G, Srinivasan R. Chemical transformations of the photochemical 1,3-adducts of benzene and anisole to cyclobutenes. Tetrahedron 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(75)87029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Srinivasan R, Merritt V, Subrahmanyam G. Photochemical 1,3-addition of anisole to cyclopentene. A stereospecific synthetic route to perhydroazulenes. Tetrahedron Lett 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)91721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Srinivasan R. Thermal rearrangements of the photochemical 1,3-adducts of benzene to methylenecyclobutane. Tetrahedron Lett 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)91724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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