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Lei X, Wang Y, Ma S, Jiao P. Purple Light-Promoted Coupling of Bromopyridines with Grignard Reagents via SET. J Org Chem 2024; 89:7148-7155. [PMID: 38718346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Alkyl- and arylpyridines and 2,2'-bipyridines are conventionally prepared by Minisci reactions of pyridines and transition metal-catalyzed coupling reactions of halopyridines. Herein, purple light-promoted radical coupling reactions of 2- or 4-bromopyridines with Grignard reagents in Et2O or a mixture of Et2O and tetrahydrofuran in regular glassware without the need for a transition metal catalyst were disclosed for the first time. Methyl, primary and secondary alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyridyl, and alkynyl Grignard reagents were compatible with the protocol. As a result, alkyl- and arylpyridines and 2,2'-bipyridines were easily prepared. Single electron transfer from the Grignard reagent to bromopyridine was stimulated by purple light. An electron extruded from the dimerization of the Grignard reagent worked as the catalyst. Light on/off experiments indicated that constant irradiation was required for product formation. Studies of radical clock substrates verified the involvement of a pyridyl radical from bromopyridine and the noninvolvement of an alkyl or aryl radical from the Grignard reagent. The available proof supports a photoinduced SRN mechanism for the new coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lei
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Institute of Rural Revitalization (Institute of Medicine and Health Care), Dezhou University, No. 566 West University Road, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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Varma Nallaparaju J, Nikonovich T, Jarg T, Merzhyievskyi D, Aav R, Kananovich DG. Mechanochemistry-Amended Barbier Reaction as an Expedient Alternative to Grignard Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305775. [PMID: 37387203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Organomagnesium halides (Grignard reagents) are essential carbanionic building blocks widely used in carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions with various electrophiles. In the Barbier variant of the Grignard synthesis, the generation of air- and moisture-sensitive Grignard reagents occurs concurrently with their reaction with an electrophile. Although operationally simpler, the classic Barbier approach suffers from low yields due to multiple side reactions, thereby limiting the scope of its application. Here, we report a mechanochemical adaptation of the Mg-mediated Barbier reaction, which overcomes these limitations and facilitates the coupling of versatile organic halides (e.g., allylic, vinylic, aromatic, aliphatic) with a diverse range of electrophilic substrates (e.g., aromatic aldehydes, ketones, esters, amides, O-benzoyl hydroxylamine, chlorosilane, borate ester) to assemble C-C, C-N, C-Si, and C-B bonds. The mechanochemical approach has the advantage of being essentially solvent-free, operationally simple, immune to air, and surprisingly tolerant to water and some weak Brønsted acids. Notably, solid ammonium chloride was found to improve yields in the reactions of ketones. Mechanistic studies have clarified the role of mechanochemistry in the process, indicating the generation of transient organometallics facilitated by improved mass transfer and activation of the surface of magnesium metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Varma Nallaparaju
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tatsiana Nikonovich
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tatsiana Jarg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Danylo Merzhyievskyi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Chemistry of Bioactive Nitrogen-containing Heterocyclic Bases, V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academician Kukhar Str. 1, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Riina Aav
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Dzmitry G Kananovich
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
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Garcia L, Dinoi C, Mahon MF, Maron L, Hill MS. Magnesium hydride alkene insertion and catalytic hydrosilylation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8108-8118. [PMID: 31814958 PMCID: PMC6839609 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02056j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-diketiminato magnesium hydride, [(BDI)MgH]]2, reacts with alkenes and catalyses their hydrosilylation with PhSiH3.
The dimeric β-diketiminato magnesium hydride, [(BDI)MgH]2, reacts at 80 °C with the terminal alkenes, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 3-phenyl-1-propene and 3,3-dimethyl-butene to provide the respective n-hexyl, n-octyl, 3-phenylpropyl and 3,3-dimethyl-butyl magnesium organometallics. The facility for and the regiodiscrimination of these reactions are profoundly affected by the steric demands of the alkene reagent. Reactions with the phenyl-substituted alkenes, styrene and 1,1-diphenylethene, require a more elevated temperature of 100 °C with styrene providing a mixture of the 2-phenylethyl and 1-phenylethyl products over 7 days. Although the reaction with 1,1-diphenylethene yields the magnesium 1,1-diphenylethyl derivative as the sole reaction product, only 64% conversion was achieved over a 21 day timeframe. Reactions with the α,ω-dienes, 1,5-hexadiene and 1,7-octadiene, provided divergent results. The initial 5-alkenyl magnesium reaction product of the shorter chain diene undergoes 5-exo-trig cyclisation via intramolecular carbomagnesiation to provide a cyclopentylmethyl derivative, which was shown by X-ray diffraction analysis to exist as a three-coordinate monomer. In contrast, 1,7-octadiene provided a mixture of two compounds, a magnesium oct-7-en-1-yl derivative and a dimagnesium-octane-1,4-diide, as a result of single or two-fold activation of the terminal C
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C double bonds. The magnesium hydride was unreactive towards internal alkenes apart from the strained bicycle, norbornene, allowing the characterisation of the resultant three-coordinate magnesium norbornyl derivative by X-ray diffraction analysis. Computational analysis of the reaction between [(BDI)MgH]2 and 1-hexene using density functional theory (DFT) indicated that the initial Mg–H/C
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C insertion process is rate determining and takes place at the intact magnesium hydride dimer. This exothermic reaction (ΔH = –14.1 kcal mol–1) traverses a barrier of 18.9 kcal mol–1 and results in the rupture of the dinuclear structure into magnesium alkyl and hydride species. Although the latter three-coordinate hydride derivative may be prone to redimerisation, it can also provide a further pathway to magnesium alkyl species through its direct reaction with a further equivalent of 1-hexene, which occurs via a lower barrier of 15.1 kcal mol–1. This Mg–H/C
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C insertion reactivity provides the basis for the catalytic hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes with PhSiH3, which proceeds with a preference for the formation of the anti-Markovnikov organosilane product. Further DFT calculations reveal that the catalytic reaction is predicated on a sequence of Mg–H/C
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C insertion and classical Si–H/Mg–C σ-bond metathesis reactions, the latter of which, with a barrier height of 24.9 kcal mol–1, is found to be rate determining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Garcia
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS , INSA , UPS , UMR 5215 , LPCNO , 135 Avenue de Rangueil , F-31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS , INSA , UPS , UMR 5215 , LPCNO , 135 Avenue de Rangueil , F-31077 Toulouse , France
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath , BA2 7AY , UK .
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Zhang FG, Eppe G, Marek I. Brook Rearrangement as a Trigger for the Ring Opening of Strained Carbocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang FG, Eppe G, Marek I. Brook Rearrangement as a Trigger for the Ring Opening of Strained Carbocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:714-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey I. Seeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 (USA)
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Seeman JI. John D. Roberts: In His Own Words and Those of His Friends. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15901-13. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey I. Seeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 (USA)
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8
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Profile of Dinshaw J. Patel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015. [DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512793112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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9
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Masarwa A, Marek I. Selectivity in metal-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond cleavage of alkylidenecyclopropanes. Chemistry 2010; 16:9712-21. [PMID: 20607773 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
When more complex system leads to simpler reactivity profile; the ring-opening of strained three-membered rings such as methylene- and alkylidenecyclopropanes generally lead to several products. If one starts with more functionalized carbon skeletons, selective reactions are now observed and rationalization as well as synthetic applications are described in this concept article. This methodology could be used to the preparation of challenging structural motifs possessing quaternary carbon stereocenters in acyclic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Masarwa
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Klumpp GW. Synthesis and properties of 5-tetracyclo[4.3.0.02,4.03,7]non-8-enyl derivatives: (Preliminary communication). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19680870913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Convergent and stereospecific synthesis of complex skipped polyenes and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nat Chem 2010; 2:638-43. [PMID: 20651725 PMCID: PMC2909609 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Skipped polyenes (i.e. 1,4-dienes and higher homologues) are stereodefined components of a vast array of biologically important natural products, including polyunsaturated fatty acids. While widespread in nature, these architectures are generally considered to represent significant barriers to efficient chemical synthesis. While partial reduction of skipped poly-ynes provides a pathway to a subset of such structures, general chemical methods for the preparation of skipped polyenes that contain varied stereochemistries and substitution patterns are lacking. Here, we describe a metal-promoted reductive cross-coupling reaction between vinylcyclopropanes and alkynes (or vinylsilanes) that provides stereoselective access to a diverse array of skipped polyenes through a process that establishes one C–C bond, generates up to three stereodefined alkenes, and can be used to introduce stereogenic centers at the central positions of the skipped polyene motif. We also demonstrate the significance of the present bond construction by preparing substituted and stereodefined polyunsaturated synthetic fatty acids.
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12
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Künding EP, Perret C. Low TemperatureGrignardReactions with Pure Mg Slurries. Trapping of cyclopropylmethyl and benzocyclobutenylmethylGrignardreagents with CO2. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19810640817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Maercker A, Güthlein P, Wittmayr H. Influences of α- and β-AlkylGroups on the Rearrangement of 3-Butenyl Grignard Reagents: A Stable Primary Cyclopropylmethyl Anion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.197307741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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van Klink GPM, de Boer HJR, Schat G, Akkerman OS, Bickelhaupt F, Spek AL. Carbanions as Intermediates in the Formation of Grignard Reagents. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om011083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard P. M. van Klink
- Scheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Crystal and Structural Chemistry, and Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus J. R. de Boer
- Scheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Crystal and Structural Chemistry, and Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Schat
- Scheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Crystal and Structural Chemistry, and Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Otto S. Akkerman
- Scheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Crystal and Structural Chemistry, and Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Friedrich Bickelhaupt
- Scheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Crystal and Structural Chemistry, and Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony L. Spek
- Scheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Crystal and Structural Chemistry, and Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Nicolaou KC, Murphy F, Barluenga S, Ohshima T, Wei H, Xu J, Gray DLF, Baudoin O. Total Synthesis of the Novel Immunosuppressant Sanglifehrin A. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja994285v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Nicolaou
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - F. Murphy
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - S. Barluenga
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - T. Ohshima
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - H. Wei
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - J. Xu
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - D. L. F. Gray
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - O. Baudoin
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina L. Arrowood
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Steven R. Kass
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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Mashima K, Sakai N, Takaya H. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactions of Stable Titanacyclopentanes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1991. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.64.2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Dupont AC, Audia VH, Waid PP, Carter JP. A Convenient Large-Scale Synthesis of Cyclobutyl Halides. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919008052804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chanon M, Rajzmann M, Chanon F. One electron more, One electron less. What does it change? Activations Induced by electron Transfer. The electron, an activating messenger. Tetrahedron 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)96001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hill E, Harder CL, Wagner R, Meh D, Bowman RP. Formation and rearrangement of the Grignard reagent from 2-phenylcyclobutylmethyl bromide. J Organomet Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(86)80057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Maercker A, Bsata M, Buchmeier W, Engelen B. Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von 3-(Lithiomethyl)-1,1,2,2-tetramethylcyclopropan, einer stabilen Cyclopropylmethyllithium-Verbindung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19841170802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Transposition eventuelle lors de l'action de bromures β-ethyleniques CH2CHCH(R)CH2Br (R = CHCH2, C2H5, C6H5) sur le magnesium. J Organomet Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)87055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lehmkuhl H, Reinehr D, Henneberg D, Schomburg G, Schroth G. Addition von Organomagnesiumhalogeniden an CC-Bindungen, VII1) Reaktionen von 1- und 3-substituierten Allylmagnesiumverbindungen mit Olefinen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.197519750113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pommier JC, Kuivila HG. Thermal decomposition of 4-tosyloxybutyltrimethyltin: three pathways in the protonolysis of 3-butenyltrimethyltin. J Organomet Chem 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)83761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schlosser M, Fouquet G. Stereoselektivität diastereogener CC-Verknüpfungen, IV. Verlaufen 1,3-Eliminierungen konzertiert oder nicht? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19741070413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Maercker A, Güthlein P, Wittmany H. Einflüsse von α- und β-Alkylgruppen auf die Umlagerung von 3-Butenyl-Grignardverbindungen: Ein stabiles, primäres Cyclopropylmethyl-Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19730851812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Maercker A, Geuβ R. Umlagerung cyclischer Allylcarbinyl-Anionen: Ringverengung auf Grund von Stabilitätsunterschieden zwischen primären und sekundären Grignard-Verbindungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19731060307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Maercker A, Weber K. Zur Kinetik der Umlagerung von Allylcarbinyl-Anionen. Isotopeneffekte auf die Gleichgewichtslage zwischen α- und β-deuterierten Allylcarbinyl-Grignardverbindungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19727560106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kossa WC, Rees TC, Richey HG. Effects of structure on intramolecular cyclizations of alkenyl grignard reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)97204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Maercker A. Über die Addition von Alkalimetallen an 1.1-Diphenyl-2-cyclo-propyl-äthylen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19707320114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Richey HG, von Rein FW. Promotion by hydroxyl functions of additions of Grignard reagents to alkynes. J Organomet Chem 1969. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)80078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hoffmann RW, Eicken KR. Fragmentierung von Azoverbindungen, IV. Cycloalkylcarbinyl-Anionen durch heterolytische Fragmentierung von Azoverbindungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1967. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19671000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Polymetallophilic organic compounds II. Organomagnesium intermediates of 2-alkyl-2-(chloromethyl)-1,3-dichloropropanes. J Organomet Chem 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)84699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chérest M, Felkin H, Frajerman C, Lion C, Roussi G, Swierczewski G. Addition of grignard reagents to the double bond of allylic alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)99699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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