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Qiu D, He F, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Long Z, Chen Q, Chen D, Wei S, Mao X, Zhang X, Mergny JL, Monchaud D, Ju H, Zhou J. A Cost-Effective Hemin-Based Artificial Enzyme Allows for Practical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402237. [PMID: 38924304 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials excel in mimicking the structure and function of natural enzymes while being far more interesting in terms of structural stability, functional versatility, recyclability, and large-scale preparation. Herein, the story assembles hemin, histidine analogs, and G-quadruplex DNA in a catalytically competent supramolecular assembly referred to as assembly-activated hemin enzyme (AA-heminzyme). The catalytic properties of AA-heminzyme are investigated both in silico (by molecular docking and quantum chemical calculations) and in vitro (notably through a systematic comparison with its natural counterpart horseradish peroxidase, HRP). It is found that this artificial system is not only as efficient as HRP to oxidize various substrates (with a turnover number kcat of 115 s-1) but also more practically convenient (displaying better thermal stability, recoverability, and editability) and more economically viable, with a catalytic cost amounting to <10% of that of HRP. The strategic interest of AA-heminzyme is further demonstrated for both industrial wastewater remediation and biomarker detection (notably glutathione, for which the cost is decreased by 98% as compared to commercial kits).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangni He
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuqin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhongwen Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Desheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shijiong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xuanxiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences (LOB), Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - David Monchaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMUB), CNRS UMR6302, UBFC, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Liu Q, Gao J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Lin Q, Zeng W, Zhou Z. A trans-ortho asymmetrically di-strapped metalloporphyrin integrating three key structural features of ligand in heme. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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3
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Koebke KJ, Pinter TBJ, Pitts WC, Pecoraro VL. Catalysis and Electron Transfer in De Novo Designed Metalloproteins. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12046-12109. [PMID: 35763791 PMCID: PMC10735231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmark advances in our understanding of metalloprotein function is showcased in our ability to design new, non-native, catalytically active protein scaffolds. This review highlights progress and milestone achievements in the field of de novo metalloprotein design focused on reports from the past decade with special emphasis on de novo designs couched within common subfields of bioinorganic study: heme binding proteins, monometal- and dimetal-containing catalytic sites, and metal-containing electron transfer sites. Within each subfield, we highlight several of what we have identified as significant and important contributions to either our understanding of that subfield or de novo metalloprotein design as a discipline. These reports are placed in context both historically and scientifically. General suggestions for future directions that we feel will be important to advance our understanding or accelerate discovery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J. Koebke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | | | - Winston C. Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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4
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Geng R, Chang R, Zou Q, Shen G, Jiao T, Yan X. Biomimetic Nanozymes Based on Coassembly of Amino Acid and Hemin for Catalytic Oxidation and Sensing of Biomolecules. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2008114. [PMID: 33760401 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202008114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoassemblies based on self-assembly of biological building blocks are promising in mimicking the nanostructures, properties, and functionalities of natural enzymes. However, it remains a challenge to design of biomimetic nanozymes with tunable nanostructures and enhanced catalytic activities starting from simple biomolecules. Herein, the construction of nanoassemblies through coassembly of an amphiphilic amino acid and hemin is reported. The nanostructures and morphologies of the resulting nanoassemblies are readily controlled by tuning the molar ratio between the amino acid and hemin, thus leading to tailored peroxidase-mimicking activities of the nanoassemblies. Importantly, the optimized nanoassemblies exhibit a remarkable catalytic efficiency that is comparable to the natural counterpart when considering molecular mass along with good robustness in multiple catalytic cycles. The nanoassemblies are effectively integrated as biomimetic nanozymes in a sensing system for catalytic detection of glucose. Therefore, this work demonstrates that nanozymes with advanced catalytic capabilities can be constructed by self-assembly of minimalist biological building blocks and may thus promote the rational design and catalytic applications of biomimetic nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qianli Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P. R. China
| | - Guizhi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry, Nanjing, 211135, P. R. China
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Kim S, Jeong HY, Kim S, Kim H, Lee S, Cho J, Kim C, Lee D. Proton Switch in the Secondary Coordination Sphere to Control Catalytic Events at the Metal Center: Biomimetic Oxo Transfer Chemistry of Nickel Amidate Complex. Chemistry 2021; 27:4700-4708. [PMID: 33427344 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
High-valent metal-oxo species are key intermediates for the oxygen atom transfer step in the catalytic cycles of many metalloenzymes. While the redox-active metal centers of such enzymes are typically supported by anionic amino acid side chains or porphyrin rings, peptide backbones might function as strong electron-donating ligands to stabilize high oxidation states. To test the feasibility of this idea in synthetic settings, we have prepared a nickel(II) complex of new amido multidentate ligand. The mononuclear nickel complex of this N5 ligand catalyzes epoxidation reactions of a wide range of olefins by using mCPBA as a terminal oxidant. Notably, a remarkably high catalytic efficiency and selectivity were observed for terminal olefin substrates. We found that protonation of the secondary coordination sphere serves as the entry point to the catalytic cycle, in which high-valent nickel species is subsequently formed to carry out oxo-transfer reactions. A conceptually parallel process might allow metalloenzymes to control the catalytic cycle in the primary coordination sphere by using proton switch in the secondary coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ha Young Jeong
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Hongsik Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sojeong Lee
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Korea
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Cheal Kim
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Korea
| | - Dongwhan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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Zhang J, Tang M, Chen D, Lin B, Zhou Z, Liu Q. Horizontal and Vertical Push Effects in Saddled Zinc Porphyrin Complexes: Implications for Heme Distortion. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2627-2636. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Dilong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Binghua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Zaichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Qiuhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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7
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Matsuo T, Hirota S. Artificial enzymes with protein scaffolds: Structural design and modification. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5638-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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8
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Behera RK, Goyal S, Mazumdar S. Modification of the heme active site to increase the peroxidase activity of thermophilic cytochrome P450: A rational approach. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:1185-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Bowman SEJ, Bren KL. Variation and analysis of second-sphere interactions and axial histidinate character in c-type cytochromes. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:7890-7. [PMID: 20666367 PMCID: PMC2933145 DOI: 10.1021/ic100899k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The electron-donating properties of the axial His ligand to heme iron in cytochromes c (cyts c) are found to be correlated with the midpoint reduction potential (E(m)) in variants of Hydrogenobacter thermophilus cytochrome c(552) (Ht cyt c(552)) in which mutations have been made in and near the Cys-X-X-Cys-His (CXXCH) heme-binding motif. To probe the strength of the His-Fe(III) interaction, we have measured (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts for (13)CN(-) bound to heme iron trans to the axial His in Ht Fe(III) cyt c(552) variants. We observe a linear relationship between these (13)C chemical shifts and E(m), indicating that the His-Fe(III) bond strength correlates with E(m). To probe a conserved hydrogen bonding interaction between the axial His Hdelta1 and the backbone carbonyl of a Pro residue, we measured the pK(a) of the axial His Hdelta1 proton (pK(a(2))), which we propose to relate to the His-Fe(III) interaction, reduction potential, and local electrostatic effects. The observed linear relationship between the axial His (13)Cbeta chemical shift and E(m) is proposed to reflect histidinate (anionic) character of the ligand. A linear relationship also is seen between the average heme methyl (1)H chemical shift and E(m) which may reflect variation in axial His electron-donating properties or in the ruffling distortion of the heme plane. In summary, chemical shifts of the axial His and exogenous CN(-) bound trans to His are shown to be sensitive probes of the His-Fe(III) interaction in variants of Ht cyt c(552) and display trends that correlate with E(m).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. J. Bowman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
| | - Kara L. Bren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216
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10
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Zazza C, Palma A, Sanna N, Tatoli S, Aschi M. Computational Study on Compound I Redox-Active Species in Horseradish Peroxydase Enzyme: Conformational Fluctuations and Solvation Effects. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:6817-24. [PMID: 20438084 DOI: 10.1021/jp101033w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Zazza
- CASPUR, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Applicazioni di Supercalcolo per Università e Ricerca, Via dei Tizii, 6/b, 00185 Roma, Italy, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR-ISMN, via Salaria Km. 29.3, Sez. Montelibretti, Monterotondo S.(RM), Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P. le A. Moro 00185, Rome, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Universita di L’Aquila, via Vetoio 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Amedeo Palma
- CASPUR, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Applicazioni di Supercalcolo per Università e Ricerca, Via dei Tizii, 6/b, 00185 Roma, Italy, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR-ISMN, via Salaria Km. 29.3, Sez. Montelibretti, Monterotondo S.(RM), Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P. le A. Moro 00185, Rome, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Universita di L’Aquila, via Vetoio 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Nico Sanna
- CASPUR, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Applicazioni di Supercalcolo per Università e Ricerca, Via dei Tizii, 6/b, 00185 Roma, Italy, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR-ISMN, via Salaria Km. 29.3, Sez. Montelibretti, Monterotondo S.(RM), Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P. le A. Moro 00185, Rome, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Universita di L’Aquila, via Vetoio 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Simone Tatoli
- CASPUR, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Applicazioni di Supercalcolo per Università e Ricerca, Via dei Tizii, 6/b, 00185 Roma, Italy, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR-ISMN, via Salaria Km. 29.3, Sez. Montelibretti, Monterotondo S.(RM), Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P. le A. Moro 00185, Rome, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Universita di L’Aquila, via Vetoio 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Aschi
- CASPUR, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Applicazioni di Supercalcolo per Università e Ricerca, Via dei Tizii, 6/b, 00185 Roma, Italy, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR-ISMN, via Salaria Km. 29.3, Sez. Montelibretti, Monterotondo S.(RM), Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P. le A. Moro 00185, Rome, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Universita di L’Aquila, via Vetoio 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
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Nonaka D, Wariishi H, Fujii H. Paramagnetic 13C and 15N NMR Analyses of Cyanide- (13C15N-) Ligated Ferric Peroxidases: The Push Effect, Not Pull Effect, Modulates the Compound I Formation Rate. Biochemistry 2009; 48:898-905. [DOI: 10.1021/bi802030a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nonaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Wariishi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
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12
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Frison G, Ohanessian G. Metal-histidine-glutamate as a regulator of enzymatic cycles: a case study of carbonic anhydrase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:374-83. [DOI: 10.1039/b812916a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Michel LV, Ye T, Bowman SEJ, Levin BD, Hahn MA, Russell BS, Elliott SJ, Bren KL. Heme attachment motif mobility tunes cytochrome c redox potential. Biochemistry 2007; 46:11753-60. [PMID: 17900177 PMCID: PMC2606054 DOI: 10.1021/bi701177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen exchange (HX) rates and midpoint potentials (Em) of variants of cytochrome c from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa cyt c551) and Hydrogenobacter thermophilus (Ht cyt c552) have been characterized in an effort to develop an understanding of the impact of properties of the Cys-X-X-Cys-His pentapeptide c-heme attachment (CXXCH) motif on heme redox potential. Despite structural conservation of the CXXCH motif, Ht cyt c552 exhibits a low level of protection from HX for amide protons within this motif relative to Pa cyt c551. Site-directed mutants have been prepared to determine the structural basis for and functional implications of these variations on HX behavior. The double mutant Ht-M13V/K22M displays suppressed HX within the CXXCH motif as well as a decreased Em (by 81 mV), whereas the corresponding double mutant of Pa cyt c551 (V13M/M22K) exhibits enhanced HX within the CXXCH pentapeptide and a modest increase in Em (by 30 mV). The changes in Em correlate with changes in axial His chemical shifts in the ferric proteins reflecting the extent of histidinate character. Thus, the mobility of the CXXCH pentapeptide is found to impact the His-Fe(III) interaction and therefore the heme redox potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kara L. Bren
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627-0216. Telephone: (585) 275-4335. Fax: (585) 276-0205. e-mail:
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14
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Battistuzzi G, Bellei M, Casella L, Bortolotti CA, Roncone R, Monzani E, Sola M. Redox reactivity of the heme Fe3+/Fe2+ couple in native myoglobins and mutants with peroxidase-like activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 2007; 12:951-8. [PMID: 17576605 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-007-0267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The reaction enthalpy and entropy for the one-electron reduction of the ferric heme in horse heart and sperm whale aquometmyoglobins (Mb) have been determined exploiting a spectroelectrochemical approach. Also investigated were the T67R, T67K, T67R/S92D and T67R/S92D Mb-H variants (the latter containing a protoheme-L: -histidine methyl ester) of sperm whale Mb, which feature peroxidase-like activity. The reduction potential (E degrees ') in all species consists of an enthalpic term which disfavors Fe(3+) reduction and a larger entropic contribution which instead selectively stabilizes the reduced form. This behavior differs from that of the heme redox enzymes and electron transport proteins investigated so far. The reduction thermodynamics in the series of sperm whale Mb variants show an almost perfect enthalpy-entropy compensation, indicating that the mutation-induced changes in DeltaH(o')(rc) and DeltaS(o')(rc) are dominated by reduction-induced solvent reorganization effects. The modest changes in E degrees ' originate from the enthalpic effects of the electrostatic interactions of the heme with the engineered charged residues. The small influence that the mutations exert on the reduction potential of myoglobin suggests that the increased peroxidase activity of the variants is not related to changes in the redox reactivity of the heme iron, but are likely related to a more favored substrate orientation within the distal heme cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianantonio Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy
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15
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Hashimoto S, Takeuchi H. Protonation and Hydrogen-Bonding State of the Distal Histidine in the CO Complex of Horseradish Peroxidase As Studied by Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2006; 45:9660-7. [PMID: 16893167 DOI: 10.1021/bi060466f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy has been used to characterize the structure and hydrogen bonding state of the distal histidine (His42) in horseradish peroxidase (HRP) complexed with carbon monoxide (HRP-CO). The HRP-CO - HRP UVRR difference spectrum in D(2)O solution at pD 7.0 shows two positive peaks at 1408 and 1388 cm(-)(1), which are ascribable to medium-to-weak and strong hydrogen bonding states, respectively, of the protonated imidazolium side chain of His42 in HRP-CO. Both His42 peaks decrease in intensity with increase of pD with a midpoint of transition at pD 8.8, indicating that the pK(a) of His42 in HRP-CO is 8.8. The CO ligand exhibits two C-O stretching Raman peaks at 1932 and 1902 cm(-)(1), the latter of which diminishes at alkaline pD and is assignable to a strong hydrogen-bonded state. It is most probable that the imidazolium side chain of His42 forms a strong hydrogen bond with CO, giving a His42 peak at 1388 cm(-)(1) and a CO peak at 1902 cm(-)(1), in one conformer. The other hydrogen bonding state of His42, giving the 1408 cm(-)(1) peak, is ascribed to another conformer forming a medium-to-weak hydrogen bond with a water molecule in the distal cavity. The present finding that His42 can act as a strong proton donor to CO and decrease the CO bond order is consistent with the role of His42 as a general acid to cleave the O-O bond of hydrogen peroxide, a specific oxidizing agent, in the catalytic cycle of HRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hashimoto
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Yamaguchi, Daigaku Dori, Sanyo Onoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884, Japan.
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16
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Battistuzzi G, Bellei M, De Rienzo F, Sola M. Redox properties of the Fe3+/Fe2+ couple in Arthromyces ramosus class II peroxidase and its cyanide adduct. J Biol Inorg Chem 2006; 11:586-92. [PMID: 16791642 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-006-0108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Accepted: 04/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamics of the one-electron reduction of the ferric heme in free and cyanide-bound Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase (ARP), a class II plant peroxidase, were determined through spectro-electrochemical experiments. The data were compared with those for class III horseradish peroxidase C (HRP) and its cyanide adduct, and were interpreted in terms of ligand binding features, electrostatic effects and solvent accessible surface area of the heme group and of catalytically relevant residues in the heme distal site. The E(o)' values for free and cyanide-bound ARP (-0.183 and -0.390 V, respectively, at 25 degrees C and pH 7) are higher than those for HRP and HRP-CN. ARP features an enthalpic stabilization of the ferrous state and a remarkably negative reduction entropy, which are both unprecedented for heme peroxidases. Once the compensatory contributions of solvent reorganization are partitioned from the measured reduction enthalpy, the resulting protein-based deltaH(o)'(rc(int)) value for ARP turns out to be less positive than that for HRP by +10 kJ mol(-1). The smaller stabilization of the oxidized heme in ARP most probably results from the less pronounced anionic character of the proximal histidine, and the decreased polarity in the heme distal site as compared with HRP, as indicated by the X-ray structures. The surprisingly negative deltaS(o)'(rc) value for ARP is the result of peculiar reduction-induced solvent reorganization effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianantonio Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Centro SCS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41100, Modena, Italy
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Terner J, Palaniappan V, Gold A, Weiss R, Fitzgerald MM, Sullivan AM, Hosten CM. Resonance Raman spectroscopy of oxoiron(IV) porphyrin π-cation radical and oxoiron(IV) hemes in peroxidase intermediates. J Inorg Biochem 2006; 100:480-501. [PMID: 16513173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic cycle intermediates of heme peroxidases, known as compounds I and II, have been of long standing interest as models for intermediates of heme proteins, such as the terminal oxidases and cytochrome P450 enzymes, and for non-heme iron enzymes as well. Reports of resonance Raman signals for compound I intermediates of the oxo-iron(IV) porphyrin pi-cation radical type have been sometimes contradictory due to complications arising from photolability, causing compound I signals to appear similar to those of compound II or other forms. However, studies of synthetic systems indicated that protein based compound I intermediates of the oxoiron(IV) porphyrin pi-cation radical type should exhibit vibrational signatures that are different from the non-radical forms. The compound I intermediates of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and chloroperoxidase (CPO) from Caldariomyces fumago do in fact exhibit unique and characteristic vibrational spectra. The nature of the putative oxoiron(IV) bond in peroxidase intermediates has been under discussion in the recent literature, with suggestions that the Fe(IV)O unit might be better described as Fe(IV)-OH. The generally low Fe(IV)O stretching frequencies observed for proteins have been difficult to mimic in synthetic ferryl porphyrins via electron donation from trans axial ligands alone. Resonance Raman studies of iron-oxygen vibrations within protein species that are sensitive to pH, deuteration, and solvent oxygen exchange, indicate that hydrogen bonding to the oxoiron(IV) group within the protein environment contributes to substantial lowering of Fe(IV)O frequencies relative to those of synthetic model compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Terner
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2006, USA.
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18
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Battistuzzi G, Bellei M, Borsari M, Di Rocco G, Ranieri A, Sola M. Axial ligation and polypeptide matrix effects on the reduction potential of heme proteins probed on their cyanide adducts. J Biol Inorg Chem 2005; 10:643-51. [PMID: 16133205 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-005-0014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Accepted: 07/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The enthalpic and entropic changes accompanying the reduction reaction of the six-coordinate cyanide adducts of cytochrome c, microperoxidase-11 and a few plant peroxidases were measured electrochemically. Once the compensating changes in reduction enthalpy and entropy due to solvent reorganization effects are factorized out, it is found that cyanide binding stabilizes enthalpically the ferriheme following the order: cyochrome c > peroxidase > microperoxidase-11. The effect is inversely correlated to the solvent accessibility of the heme. Comparison of the reduction thermodynamics for the cyanide adducts of cytochrome c and plant peroxidases with those for microperoxidase-11 and myoglobin, respectively, yielded an estimate of the consequences of protein encapsulation and of the anionic character of the proximal histidine on the reduction potential of the heme-cyanide group. Insertion of the heme-CN group into the folded peptide chain of cyt c induces an enthalpy-based decrease in E degrees ' of approximately 100 mV, consistent with the lower net charge of the oxidized as compared to the reduced iron center, whereas a full imidazolate character of the proximal histidine stabilizes enthalpically the ferriheme by approximately 400 mV. The latter value should be best considered as an upper limit since it also includes some solvation effects arising from the nature of the protein systems being compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Centro SCS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, 41100, Modena, Italy
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19
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Vu BC, Nothnagel HJ, Vuletich DA, Falzone CJ, Lecomte JTJ. Cyanide Binding to Hexacoordinate Cyanobacterial Hemoglobins: Hydrogen-Bonding Network and Heme Pocket Rearrangement in Ferric H117A Synechocystis Hemoglobin. Biochemistry 2004; 43:12622-33. [PMID: 15449952 DOI: 10.1021/bi048726l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The truncated hemoglobin (Hb) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is a bis-histidyl hexacoordinate complex in the absence of exogenous ligands. This protein can form a covalent cross-link between His117 in the H-helix and the heme 2-vinyl group. Cross-linking, the physiological importance of which has not been established, is avoided with the His117Ala substitution. In the present work, H117A Hb was used to explore exogenous ligand binding to the heme group. NMR and thermal denaturation data showed that the replacement was of little consequence to the structural and thermodynamic properties of ferric Synechocystis Hb. It did, however, decelerate the association of cyanide ions with the heme iron. Full complexation required hours, instead of minutes, of incubation at optical and NMR concentrations. At neutral pH and in the presence of excess cyanide, binding occurred with a first-order dependence on cyanide concentration, eliminating distal histidine decoordination as the rate-limiting step. The cyanide complex of the H117A variant was characterized for the conformational changes occurring as the histidine on the distal side, His46 (E10), was displaced. Extensive rearrangement allowed Tyr22 (B10) to insert in the heme pocket and Gln43 (E7) and Gln47 (E11) to come in contact with it. H-bond formation to the bound cyanide was identified in solution with the use of (1)H(2)O/(2)H(2)O mixtures. Cyanide binding also resulted in a change in the ratio of heme orientational isomers, in a likely manifestation of heme environment reshaping. Similar observations were made with the related Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 H117A Hb, except that cyanide binding was rapid in this protein. In both cases, the (15)N chemical shift of bound cyanide was reminiscent of that in peroxidases and the orientation of the proximal histidine was as in other truncated Hbs. The ensemble of the data provided insight into the structural cooperativity of the heme pocket scaffold and pointed to the reactive 117 site of Synechocystis Hb as a potential determinant of biophysical and, perhaps, functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Christie Vu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Battistuzzi G, Bellei M, Bortolotti CA, Rocco GD, Leonardi A, Sola M. Characterization of the solution reactivity of a basic heme peroxidase from Cucumis sativus. Arch Biochem Biophys 2004; 423:317-31. [PMID: 15001396 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2003.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2003] [Revised: 12/10/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A basic heme peroxidase has been isolated from cucumber (Cucumis sativus) peelings and characterized through electronic and (1)H NMR spectra from pH 3 to 11. The protein, as isolated, contains a high-spin ferriheme which in the low pH region is sensitive to two acid-base equilibria with apparent pK(a) values of approximately 5 and 3.6, assigned to the distal histidine and to a heme propionate, respectively. At high pH, a new low-spin species develops with an apparent pK(a) of 11, likely due to the binding of an hydroxide ion to the sixth (axial) coordination position of the Fe(III). A number of acid-base equilibria involving heme propionates and residues in the distal cavity also affect the binding of inorganic anions such as cyanide, azide, and fluoride to the ferriheme, as well as the catalytic activity. The reduction potentials of the native protein and of its cyanide derivative, determined through UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry, result to be -0.320+/-0.015 and -0.412+/-0.010V, respectively. Overall, the reactivity of this protein parallels those of other plant peroxidases, especially horseradish peroxidase. However, some differences exist in the acid-base equilibria affecting its reactivity and in the reduction potential, likely as a result of small structural differences in the heme distal and proximal cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianantonio Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, Centro SCS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, Modena 41100, Italy
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Wang X, Tachikawa H, Yi X, Manoj KM, Hager LP. Two-dimensional NMR study of the heme active site structure of chloroperoxidase. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:7765-74. [PMID: 12488315 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m209462200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme active site structure of chloroperoxidase (CPO), a glycoprotein that displays versatile catalytic activities isolated from the marine mold Caldariomyces fumago, has been characterized by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic studies. All hyperfine shifted resonances from the heme pocket as well as resonances from catalytically relevant amino acid residues including the heme iron ligand (Cys(29)) attributable to the unique catalytic properties of CPO have been firmly assigned through (a) measurement of nuclear Overhauser effect connectivities, (b) prediction of the Curie intercepts from both one- and two-dimensional variable temperature studies, (c) comparison with assignments made for cyanide derivatives of several well characterized heme proteins such as cytochrome c peroxidase, horseradish peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase, and (d) examination of the crystal structural parameters of CPO. The location of protein modification that differentiates the signatures of the two isozymes of CPO has been postulated. The function of the distal histidine (His(105)) in modulating the catalytic activities of CPO is proposed based on the unique arrangement of this residue within the heme cavity. Contrary to the crystal state, the high affinity Mn(II) binding site in CPO (in solution) is not accessible to externally added Mn(II). The results presented here provide a reasonable explanation for the discrepancies in the literature between spectroscopists and crystallographers concerning the manganese binding site in this unique protein. Our study indicates that results from NMR investigations of the protein in solution can complement the results revealed by x-ray diffraction studies of the crystal form and thus provide a complete and better understanding of the actual structure of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, Mississippi 39217, USA.
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Dalosto SD, Prabhu NV, Vanderkooi JM, Sharp KA. A Density Functional Theory Study of Conformers in the Ferrous CO Complex of Horseradish Peroxidase with Distinct Fe−C−O Configurations. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio D. Dalosto
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Ninad V. Prabhu
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Jane M. Vanderkooi
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Kim A. Sharp
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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