1
|
Yu Y, Keil P, Stevensson B, Hansen MR, Edén M. Assessment of new symmetry-based dipolar recoupling schemes for homonuclear magnetization exchange between quadrupolar nuclei in two-dimensional correlation MAS NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 316:106734. [PMID: 32590307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide an extensive experimental and numerical evaluation of MQ-phase (S)M supercycles with M={3,4} of three groups of symmetry-based homonuclear dipolar recoupling rf-pulse sequences, [Formula: see text] , for establishing proximities among half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei under moderately fast magic-angle-spinning (MAS) conditions in single-quantum-single-quantum (1Q-1Q) correlation NMR experiments. The relative merits of the (S)M schemes for variations in resonance offsets and rf-amplitude errors were assessed by numerically simulated magnetization transfers in spin-3/2 pairs with variable isotropic chemical shifts and quadrupolar coupling constants. Experimental demonstrations of 23Na (spin-3/2) NMR on Na2MoO4·2H2O and 27Al (spin-5/2) NMR on AlPO-CJ19 [(NH4)2Al4(PO4)4HPO4·H2O] are presented at 14.1 T and 24 kHz MAS. We recommend using the (SR221)3 or (SR221)4 supercycles for samples that exhibit small chemical-shift dispersions (<3 kHz), and any (SRNNN/2)3 scheme with N⩾10 for larger spreads of isotropic chemical shifts. However, because the (SRNNN/2)3 sequences recouple heteronuclear dipolar interactions, their application to proton-bearing samples requires high-power proton decoupling during the mixing period. Alternatively, the (SR241)3 and (SR241)4 schemes may be employed in the absence of proton decoupling, but with poorer compensation to resonance-offsets and rf-amplitude errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philipp Keil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany
| | - Baltzar Stevensson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mattias Edén
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu Y, Keil P, Hansen MR, Edén M. Improved Magnetization Transfers among Quadrupolar Nuclei in Two-Dimensional Homonuclear Correlation NMR Experiments Applied to Inorganic Network Structures. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020337. [PMID: 31947638 PMCID: PMC7024165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that supercycles of previously introduced two-fold symmetry dipolar recoupling schemes may be utilized successfully in homonuclear correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for probing proximities among half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei in network materials undergoing magic-angle-spinning (MAS). These (SR221)M, (SR241)M, and (SR281)M recoupling sequences with M=3 and M=4 offer comparably efficient magnetization transfers in single-quantum–single-quantum (1Q–1Q) correlation NMR experiments under moderately fast MAS conditions, as demonstrated at 14.1 T and 24 kHz MAS in the contexts of 11B NMR on a Na2O–CaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass and 27Al NMR on the open framework aluminophosphate AlPO-CJ19 [(NH4)2Al4(PO4)4HPO4·H2O]. Numerically simulated magnetization transfers in spin–3/2 pairs revealed a progressively enhanced tolerance to resonance offsets and rf-amplitude errors of the recoupling pulses along the series (SR221)M< (SR241)M< (SR281)M for increasing differences in chemical shifts between the two nuclei. Nonetheless, for scenarios of a relatively minor chemical-shift dispersions (≲3 kHz), the (SR221)M supercycles perform best both experimentally and in simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Philipp Keil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany; (P.K.); (M.R.H.)
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48 149 Münster, Germany; (P.K.); (M.R.H.)
| | - Mattias Edén
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nagashima H, Tricot G, Trébosc J, Lafon O, Amoureux JP, Pourpoint F. 3D correlation NMR spectrum between three distinct heteronuclei for the characterization of inorganic samples: Application on sodium alumino-phosphate materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2017; 84:164-170. [PMID: 28351540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report here an original NMR sequence allowing the acquisition of 3D correlation NMR spectra between three distinct heteronuclei, among which two are half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei. Furthermore, as two of them exhibit close Larmor frequency, this experiment was acquired using a standard triple-resonance probe equipped with a commercial frequency splitter. This NMR technique was tested and applied to sodium alumino-phosphate compounds with 31P as the spin-1/2 nucleus and 23Na and 27Al as the close Larmor frequencies isotopes. To the best of our knowledge, such experiment with direct 31P and indirect 27Al and 23Na detection is the first example of 3D NMR experiment in solids involving three distinct heteronuclei. This sequence has first been demonstrated on a mixture of Al(PO3)3 and NaAlP2O7 crystalline phases, for which a selective observation of NaAlP2O7 is possible through the 3D map edition. This 3D correlation experiment is then applied to characterize mixing and phase segregation in a partially devitrified glass that has been proposed as a material for the sequestration of radioactive waste. The 31P-{23Na,27Al} 3D experiment conducted on the partially devitrified glass material conclusively demonstrates that the amorphous component of the material does not contain aluminum. The as-synthesized material thus presents a poor resistance against water, which is a severe limitation for its application in the radioactive waste encapsulation domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nagashima
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Grégory Tricot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR - Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, Paris Cedex 5 75231, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brinkmann A, Edén M. Central-transition double-quantum sideband NMR spectroscopy of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei: estimating internuclear distances and probing clusters within multi-spin networks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:7037-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00029c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Clusters within quadrupolar spin networks are probed and internuclear distances between quadrupolar nuclei are estimated by central-transition double-quantum sideband NMR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Measurement Science and Standards
- National Research Council Canada
- Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Arrhenius Laboratory
- Stockholm University
- 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perras FA, Bryce DL. Measuring dipolar and J coupling between quadrupolar nuclei using double-rotation NMR. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:174202. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4802192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
6
|
Bräuniger T, Jansen M. Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy of Quadrupolar Nuclei in Inorganic Chemistry. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
7
|
Perras FA, Korobkov I, Bryce DL. 23Na double-rotation NMR of sodium nucleotides leads to the discovery of a new dCMP hendecahydrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4677-81. [PMID: 22389051 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining definitive information concerning the coordination environment of sodium ions which balance the negative charges found in nucleotides is a challenging task. We show that high resolution 1D and 2D (23)Na NMR spectra of sodium nucleotides obtained in the solid state with the use of double-rotation (DOR) provide valuable structural information. Sensitive spin diffusion homonuclear correlation experiments are used to establish the relative proximities of various pairs of crystallographically distinct Na sites and to assign the spectral resonances. Additionally, the DOR sidebands are simulated to obtain coordination information which is complementary to that obtained using multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning NMR spectra. These experiments led us to discover a new hendecahydrate of deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), the structure of which is confirmed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This hydrate crystallizes reproducibly when deuterated water is used exclusively in the preparation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric A Perras
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Brinkmann A, Edén M. Estimating internuclear distances between half-integer quadrupolar nuclei by central-transition double-quantum sideband NMR spectroscopy. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the estimation of homonuclear dipolar couplings, and thereby internuclear distances, between half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei by central-transition (CT) double-quantum (2Q) sideband nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It is shown that the rotor-encoded sideband amplitudes from CT 2Q coherences in the indirect dimension of the two-dimensional NMR spectrum are sensitive probes of the magnitude of the homonuclear dipolar coupling, but are significantly less affected by other NMR parameters such as the magnitudes and orientations of the electric field gradient tensors. Experimental results of employing the [Formula: see text] recoupling sequence to the 11B spin pair of bis(catecholato)diboron resulted in an estimation of the internuclear B–B distance as (169.6 ± 3) pm, i.e., with a relative uncertainty of ±2%, and in excellent agreement with the distance of 167.8 pm determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council, 1200 Montreal Road, M-40, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Edén M. Two-dimensional MAS NMR correlation protocols involving double-quantum filtering of quadrupolar spin-pairs. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 204:99-110. [PMID: 20202872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2009] [Revised: 02/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Three two-dimensional (2D) NMR homonuclear correlation techniques invoking double-quantum (2Q) filtration of the central transitions of half-integer spins are evaluated numerically and experimentally. They correlate directly detected single-quantum (1Q) coherences in the t(2) domain with either of 1Q, two-spin 2Q or single-spin multiple-quantum coherence-evolutions in the indirect (t(1)) dimension. We employ experimental (23)Na and (27)Al NMR on sodium sulfite and the natural mineral sillimanite (SiAl(2)O(5)), in conjunction with simulated 2D spectra from pairs of dipolar-recoupled spins-3/2 and 5/2 at different external magnetic fields, to compare the correlation strategies from the viewpoints of 2D spectral resolution, signal sensitivity, implementational aspects and their relative merits for establishing internuclear proximities and quadrupolar tensor orientations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Q, Hu B, Lafon O, Trébosc J, Deng F, Amoureux JP. Double-quantum homonuclear NMR correlation spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei subjected to magic-angle spinning and high magnetic field. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 200:251-260. [PMID: 19646906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a new application of the R2(2)(1) symmetry-based dipolar recoupling scheme, for exciting directly double-quantum (2Q) coherences between the central transition of homonuclear half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. With respect to previously published 2Q-recoupling methods (M. Eden, D. Zhou, J. Yu, Chem. Phys. Lett. 431 (2006) 397), the R2(2)(1) sequence is used without pi/2 bracketing pulses and with an original super-cycling. This leads to an improved efficiency (a factor of two for spin-5/2) and to a much higher robustness to radio-frequency field inhomogeneity and resonance offset. The 2Q-coherence excitation performances are demonstrated experimentally by (27)Al NMR experiments on the aluminophosphates berlinite, VPI5, AlPO(4)-14, and AlPO(4)-CJ3. The two-dimensional 2Q-1Q correlation experiments incorporating these recoupling sequences allow the observation of 2Q cross-peaks between central transitions, even at high magnetic field where the difference in offset between octahedral and tetrahedral (27)Al sites exceeds 10 kHz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- UCCS, CNRS-8181, Lille University, Fr-59652, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Edén M, Lo AYH. Supercycled symmetry-based double-quantum dipolar recoupling of quadrupolar spins in MAS NMR: I. Theory. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 200:267-279. [PMID: 19648039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 07/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Using average Hamiltonian (AH) theory, we analyze recently introduced homonuclear dipolar recoupling pulse sequences for exciting central-transition double-quantum coherences (2QC) between half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei undergoing magic-angle-spinning. Several previously observed differences among the recoupling schemes concerning their compensation to resonance offsets and radio-frequency (rf) inhomogeneity may qualitatively be rationalized by an AH analysis up to third perturbation order, despite its omission of first-order quadrupolar interactions. General aspects of the engineering of 2Q-recoupling pulse sequences applicable to half-integer spins are discussed, emphasizing the improvements offered from a diversity of supercycles providing enhanced suppression of undesirable AH cross-terms between resonance offsets and rf amplitude errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Edén M. Homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei: techniques and applications. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2009; 36:1-10. [PMID: 19595580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We review recent advances in solid state NMR methodology for recovering homonuclear dipolar interactions among half-integer quadrupolar spins undergoing sample rotation. Existing dipolar recoupling techniques are contrasted, based on (i) the form of their associated dipolar Hamiltonian, (ii) the different experimental conditions necessitating their realization and (iii) their roles as components in multi-dimensional NMR correlation spectroscopy. Various types of structural information accessible from such solid state NMR experimentation is reviewed. Promises and limitations of methodologies targeting homonuclear dipolar couplings between half-integer spins under high-resolution conditions are discussed, with particular focus on the demands set for structural investigations of crystalline as well as structurally disordered (amorphous) inorganic network materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee SK, Deschamps M, Hiet J, Massiot D, Park SY. Connectivity and Proximity between Quadrupolar Nuclides in Oxide Glasses: Insights from through-Bond and through-Space Correlations in Solid-State NMR. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:5162-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp810667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea, CNRS, UPR3079 CEMHTI, 1D avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France, and Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Avenue du Parc Floral, BP 6749, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Michael Deschamps
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea, CNRS, UPR3079 CEMHTI, 1D avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France, and Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Avenue du Parc Floral, BP 6749, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Julien Hiet
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea, CNRS, UPR3079 CEMHTI, 1D avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France, and Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Avenue du Parc Floral, BP 6749, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Dominique Massiot
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea, CNRS, UPR3079 CEMHTI, 1D avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France, and Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Avenue du Parc Floral, BP 6749, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Sun Young Park
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea, CNRS, UPR3079 CEMHTI, 1D avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France, and Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Avenue du Parc Floral, BP 6749, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Edén M. Determination of absolute quadrupolar tensor orientations by double-quantum NMR on powders. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Brinkmann A, Kentgens APM, Anupõld T, Samoson A. Symmetry-based recoupling in double-rotation NMR spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2009; 129:174507. [PMID: 19045358 DOI: 10.1063/1.3005395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we extend the theory of symmetry-based pulse sequences of types CN(n) (nu) and RN(n) (nu) in magic-angle-spinning nuclear resonance spectroscopy [M. H. Levitt, in Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, edited by D. M. Grant and R. K. Harris (Wiley, Chichester, 2002), Vol. 9]. to the case of rotating the sample simultaneously around two different angles with respect to the external magnetic field (double-rotation). We consider the case of spin-1/2 nuclei in general and the case of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei that are subjected to weak radio frequency pulses operating selectively on the central-transition polarizations. The transformation properties of the homonuclear dipolar interactions and J-couplings under central-transition-selective spin rotations are presented. We show that the pulse sequence R2(2) (1)R2(2) (-1) originally developed for homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei under magic-angle-spinning conditions [M. Eden, D. Zhou, and J. Yu, Chem. Phys. Lett. 431, 397 (2006)] may be used for the same purpose in the case of double rotation, if the radio frequency pulses are synchronized with the outer rotation of the sample. We apply this sequence, sandwiched by central-transition selective 90 degrees pulses, to excite double-quantum coherences in homonuclear spin systems consisting of (23)Na and (27)Al nuclei.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Physical Chemistry/Solid State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lo AYH, Edén M. Efficient symmetry-based homonuclear dipolar recoupling of quadrupolar spins: double-quantum NMR correlations in amorphous solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:6635-44. [DOI: 10.1039/b808295b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
18
|
Deschamps M, Massiot D. Three-dimensional through-bond homonuclear-heteronuclear correlation experiments for quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR applied to (27)Al-O-(31)P-O-(27)Al networks. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2007; 184:15-9. [PMID: 17027308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2006.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 09/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We present here the first 3D homonuclear/heteronuclear correlation experiment applied to quadrupolar nuclei and making use of the sole scalar J-coupling. This experiment, based on the 2D-Homonuclear-Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation (H-HSQC) experiment, uses a relayed transfer from the (27)Al central transition to neighbouring (31)P spins and to the central transition of a second (27)Al. It confirms the correlation map characterizing the two (27)Al and the (31)P NMR signatures of (27)Al-O-(31)P-O-(27)Al chemically bonded molecular motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Deschamps
- CRMHT-CNRS, 1D Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 ORLEANS cedex 2, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hung I, Howes A, Anupõld T, Samoson A, Massiot D, Smith M, Brown S, Dupree R. 27Al double rotation two-dimensional spin diffusion NMR: Complete unambiguous assignment of aluminium sites in 9Al2O3·2B2O3. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Kentgens APM, van Eck ERH, Ajithkumar TG, Anupõld T, Past J, Reinhold A, Samoson A. New opportunities for double rotation NMR of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 178:212-9. [PMID: 16249109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2005] [Revised: 09/30/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A combined approach is presented which expands the applicability of double rotation (DOR) by overcoming its most prominent disadvantages: spinning stability and sensitivity. A new design using air-bearings for the inner rotor and a computer-assisted start-up procedure allows DOR operation over in principle unlimited time at outer rotor speeds of up to 2000Hz. Sensitivity enhancement of the DOR experiment is achieved by applying amplitude-modulated adiabatic pulses such as the double frequency sweep (DFS) before pulse excitation. Repeating the DFS enhancement and signal readout several times without allowing for spin-lattice relaxation leads to sensitivity enhancements of a factor 3 for (27)Al in various minerals. As a result, it becomes possible to study low sensitivity quadrupolar nuclei and various long duration 2D measurements can be performed routinely. Spinning is adequate to suppress residual homonuclear dipolar couplings in the spectral dimension of typical quadrupolar spin systems. In 2D-exchange spectroscopy, however, homonuclear correlation can still be established through dipolar-quadrupolar cross-terms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arno P M Kentgens
- Department of Physical Chemistry/Solid-State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Deschamps M, Fayon F, Montouillout V, Massiot D. Through-bond homonuclear correlation experiments in solid-state NMR applied to quadrupolar nuclei in Al–O–P–O–Al chains. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:1924-5. [PMID: 16767237 DOI: 10.1039/b600514d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Through-bond homonuclear correlation experiments can be realised in solids between spins of type X, separated by four chemical bonds, in X-O-Y-O-X motifs, provided a J coupling between X and Y exists: central transitions of quadrupolar 27Al spins can be correlated via the J2 scalar coupling between 27Al (X) and 31P (Y) in materials featuring Al-O-P-O-Al motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Deschamps
- CRMHT-CNRS, 1D, Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071, Orléans cedex 2, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ajithkumar TG, van Eck ERH, Kentgens APM. Homonuclear correlation experiments for quadrupolar nuclei, spinning away from the magic angle. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2004; 26:180-186. [PMID: 15388182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2004.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Revised: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a set of homonuclear correlation experiments for half-integer quadrupolar spins in solids. In all these exchange-type experiments, the dipolar interaction is retained during the mixing time by spinning the sample at angles other than the "regular magic angle" (54.7 degrees celsius). The second-order quadrupolar interaction is averaged by different strategies for the different experiments. The multiple-quantum off magic angle spinning (MQOMAS) exchange experiment is essentially a regular MQMAS experiment where the quadrupolar interaction is averaged by combining magic angle spinning with a multiple- to single-quantum correlation scheme. The sample is spun at the magic angle at all times except during the mixing time which is added to establish homonuclear correlation. In the multiple-quantum P4 magic angle spinning (MQP4MAS) exchange experiment, the sample is spun at one of the angles at which the fourth-order Legendre polynomial vanishes (P4 magic angle), the remaining second-order quadrupolar interaction now governed by a second-rank tensor is refocussed by the multiple to single-quantum correlation scheme. In the dynamic angle spinning (DAS) exchange experiment, the second-order quadrupolar interaction is averaged by correlating the evolution from two complementary angles. These experiments are demonstrated and compared, in view of their specific advantages and disadvantages, for 23Na in the model compound Na2SO3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T G Ajithkumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry/Solid-State NMR, NSRIM Center, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Z, Deng F, Ding S. Effects of pulse strength, width, and sample spinning speed on the spectral spin diffusion of multiquantum coherences of spin-32 quadrupolar nuclei. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:740-8. [PMID: 15267909 DOI: 10.1063/1.1630569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of radio-frequency pulse strength, width, and sample spinning speed on the spin-diffusion spectrum of half-integer quadrupolar spins in solids have been studied by theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigations. It is revealed that the line shape of the cross peaks changes nonmonotonically with respect to the change of pulse strength, pulse width, or sample spinning speed. It is also found that the sample spinning speed has much more pronounced influence on the spin diffusion spectral line shape. In many cases of practical importance, the effect of sample spinning must be included in spectral analysis, in contrast to the practice of previous studies. Moreover, this effect can be exploited to further improve the precision in the determination of relative orientation of the electric-field gradient tensors of the exchange partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Edén M, Frydman L. Homonuclear NMR Correlations between Half-Integer Quadrupolar Nuclei Undergoing Magic-Angle Spinning. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035794t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lucio Frydman
- Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ajithkumar TG, Kentgens APM. Homonuclear correlation experiments of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei using multiple-quantum techniques spinning at a P(4) magic angle. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:2398-9. [PMID: 12603120 DOI: 10.1021/ja0292647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for obtaining structural information in half-integer quadrupolar nuclei is proposed and demonstrated. In this method, the two-dimensional multiple-quantum experiment is performed, spinning at one of the angles at which the fourth order Legendre polynomial vanishes (P4 magic angle). In such an experiment, the dipolar interaction is retained, whereas the second-order quadrupolar broadening is refocused by the MQ-1Q correlation scheme. By adding an exchange period to this pulse scheme, we performed efficient homonuclear correlation experiments in a regular magic angle spinning probe with minor modifications. The experiment is demonstrated on a model compound, and the results are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T G Ajithkumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, NSRIM Center, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rovnyak D, Filip C, Itin B, Stern AS, Wagner G, Griffin RG, Hoch JC. Multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning spectroscopy using nonlinear sampling. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2003; 161:43-55. [PMID: 12660110 DOI: 10.1016/s1090-7807(02)00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is a relatively insensitive technique and many biomolecular applications operate near the limits of sensitivity and resolution. A particularly challenging example is detection of the quadrupolar nucleus 17O, due to its low natural abundance, large quadrupole couplings, and low gyromagnetic ratio. Yet the chemical shift of 17O spans almost 1000 ppm in organic molecules and it serves as a potentially unique reporter of hydrogen bonding in peptides, nucleic acids, and water, and as a valuable complement to 13C and 15N NMR. Recent developments including the multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning (MQMAS) experiment have enabled the detection of 17O in biological solids, but very long data acquisitions are required to achieve sufficient sensitivity and resolution. Here, we perform nonlinear sampling in the indirect dimension of MQMAS experiments to substantially reduce the total acquisition time and improve sensitivity and resolution. Nonlinear sampling prevents the use of the discrete Fourier transform; instead, we employ maximum entropy (MaxEnt) reconstruction. Nonlinearly sampled MQMAS spectra are shown to provide high resolution and sensitivity in several systems, including lithium sulfate monohydrate (LiSO(4)-H(2)17O) and L-asparagine monohydrate (H(2)17O). The combination of nonlinear sampling and MaxEnt reconstruction promises to make the application of 17O MQMAS practical in a wider range of biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Rovnyak
- MIT/Harvard Center for Magnetic Resonance, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 150 Albany Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|