1
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Uchiyama M, Ohira N, Yamashita K, Sagawa K, Kamigaito M. Proton transfer anionic polymerization with C-H bond as the dormant species. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01572-3. [PMID: 38965437 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Living anionic polymerization-the most common living polymerization and the one with the longest history-generally requires stringent, water-free conditions and one metal initiator per polymer chain. Here we present the proton transfer anionic polymerization of methacrylates using acidic C-H bonds as the dormant species that are activated by base catalysts. The polymerization mechanism involves reversible chain transfer or termination of the growing enolate species. A weakly acidic compound, such as an alkyl isobutyrate, serves as the initiator or chain-transfer agent in the presence of a bulky potassium base catalyst to produce a polymer chain and, thereby, diminishes the metal compound per chain ratio. An added alcohol serves as a reversible terminator to tame the propagation. End-functionalized, star, block and graft polymers are easily accessible from compounds with C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineto Uchiyama
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Natsumi Ohira
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Konomi Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Sagawa
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masami Kamigaito
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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2
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Serkhacheva NS, Prokopov NI, Lysenko EA, Kozhunova EY, Chernikova EV. Modern Trends in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1408. [PMID: 38794601 PMCID: PMC11125046 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and versatile technique for producing colloidal dispersions of block copolymer particles with desired morphologies. Currently, PISA can be carried out in various media, over a wide range of temperatures, and using different mechanisms. This method enables the production of biodegradable objects and particles with various functionalities and stimuli sensitivity. Consequently, PISA offers a broad spectrum of potential commercial applications. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of rational synthesis of block copolymer particles with diverse morphologies using various PISA techniques and mechanisms. The discussion begins with an examination of the main thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural aspects of block copolymer micellization, followed by an exploration of the key principles of PISA in the formation of gradient and block copolymers. The review also delves into the main mechanisms of PISA implementation and the principles governing particle morphology. Finally, the potential future developments in PISA are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S. Serkhacheva
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nickolay I. Prokopov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgenii A. Lysenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Elena Yu. Kozhunova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Chernikova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
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3
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Ohtani K, Shimizu K, Takahashi T, Takamura M. Novel Chain-End Modification of Polymer Iodides via Reversible Complexation-Mediated Polymerization with Functionalized Radical Generation Agents. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2667. [PMID: 37376313 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The modification of polymer chain ends is important in order to produce highly functional polymers. A novel chain-end modification of polymer iodides (Polymer-I) via reversible complexation-mediated polymerization (RCMP) with different functionalized radical generation agents, such as azo compounds and organic peroxides, was developed. This reaction was comprehensively studied for three different polymers, i.e., poly (methyl methacrylate), polystyrene and poly (n-butyl acrylate) (PBA), two different functional azo compounds with aliphatic alkyl and carboxy groups, three different functional diacyl peroxides with aliphatic alkyl, aromatic, and carboxy groups, and one peroxydicarbonate with an aliphatic alkyl group. The reaction mechanism was probed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The combination of PBA-I, iodine abstraction catalyst and different functional diacyl peroxides enabled higher chain-end modification to desired moieties from the diacyl peroxide. The dominant key factors for efficiency in this chain-end modification mechanism were the combination rate constant and the amount of radicals generated per unit of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Ohtani
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduated School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kanta Shimizu
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduated School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Takahashi
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduated School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Masumi Takamura
- Yamagata University Inkjet Development Center, 1- 808-48 Arcadia, Yonezawa 992-0119, Japan
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4
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Jiang Y, Fan W, Tosaka M, Yamago S. Controlled Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Polystyrene and Its Block Copolymers by Emulsion Organotellurium-Mediated Radical Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1331-1335. [PMID: 36355410 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Structurally controlled high-molecular-weight (HMW) polystyrenes (PSts) and block copolymers consisting of HMW PSt segments were successfully synthesized by emulsion organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP). The hydrophilicity of the organotellurium group of TERP chain transfer agents (CTAs) was important for success, and CTAs 1b and 1c with di- and tetraethylene glycol units were suitable. By using 1b and 1c and using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant, PSts with MWs over 1 million and with low dispersity (Đ < 1.6) were synthesized with >96% monomer conversion. Because of the high monomer conversion, high end-group fidelity, and rapid monomer diffusion to polymer particles, HMW block copolymers with low dispersity were successfully synthesized by adding a second monomer after converting the first monomer without isolating the macroinitiators. Despite recent developments in reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP), the synthesis of HMW polymers, particularly PSts and block copolymers, has been a formidable challenge. This method provides a valuable route for fabricating polymer materials based on HMW PSts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jiang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tosaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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5
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Dau H, Jones GR, Tsogtgerel E, Nguyen D, Keyes A, Liu YS, Rauf H, Ordonez E, Puchelle V, Basbug Alhan H, Zhao C, Harth E. Linear Block Copolymer Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14471-14553. [PMID: 35960550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers form the basis of the most ubiquitous materials such as thermoplastic elastomers, bridge interphases in polymer blends, and are fundamental for the development of high-performance materials. The driving force to further advance these materials is the accessibility of block copolymers, which have a wide variety in composition, functional group content, and precision of their structure. To advance and broaden the application of block copolymers will depend on the nature of combined segmented blocks, guided through the combination of polymerization techniques to reach a high versatility in block copolymer architecture and function. This review provides the most comprehensive overview of techniques to prepare linear block copolymers and is intended to serve as a guideline on how polymerization techniques can work together to result in desired block combinations. As the review will give an account of the relevant procedures and access areas, the sections will include orthogonal approaches or sequentially combined polymerization techniques, which increases the synthetic options for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Glen R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hasaan Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Valentin Puchelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hatice Basbug Alhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Chenying Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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6
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Sifri RJ, Ma Y, Fors BP. Photoredox Catalysis in Photocontrolled Cationic Polymerizations of Vinyl Ethers. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1960-1971. [PMID: 35771008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusAdvances in photocontrolled polymerizations have expanded the scope of polymer architectures and structures that can be synthesized for various applications. The majority of these polymerizations have been developed for radical processes, which limits the diversity of monomers that can be used in macromolecular design. More recent developments of photocontrolled cationic polymerizations have taken a step toward addressing this limitation and have expanded the palette of monomers that can be used in stimuli-regulated polymerizations, enabling the synthesis of previously inaccessible polymeric structures. This Account will detail our group's studies on cationic polymerization processes where chain growth is regulated by light and highlight how these methods can be combined with other stimuli-controlled polymerizations to precisely dictate macromolecular structure.Photoinitiated cationic polymerizations are well-studied and important processes that have control over initiation. However, we wanted to develop systems where we had spatiotemporal control over both polymer initiation and chain growth. This additional command over the reaction provides the ability to manipulate the growing polymer with an external stimulus during a polymerization, which can be used to control structure. To achieve this goal, we set out to develop a method to photoreversibly generate a cation at a growing chain end that could participate in a controlled polymerization process. We took inspiration from previous work on cationic degenerate chain transfer polymerizations of vinyl ethers that used thiocarbonylthio chain transfer agents. These polymerizations were initiated by a strong acid and gave well-defined poly(vinyl ether)s. We posited that we could remove the acid initiator in these systems and reversibly oxidize the thiocarbonylthio chain ends in these reactions with a photocatalyst to give a photocontrolled cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers. This Account will focus on our journey to discover cationic photocontrolled polymerizations. We will summarize our initial developments and detail our mechanistic understanding of these reactions using both organic and inorganic based photocatalysts, and we will outline more recent efforts to expand cationic degenerate chain transfer polymerizations to other thioacetal initiators. Finally, we will detail how these photocontrolled cationic polymerizations can be used to switch monomer selectivity in situ using light to control polymer structure. At the end of the Account, we will discuss our vision for future potential applications of these photocontrolled cationic polymerizations in the synthesis of novel block copolymers and next generation cross-linked networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee J Sifri
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yuting Ma
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Brett P Fors
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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7
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Keul F, Mardyukov A. Generation and reactivity of vinyltelluryl radical. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15129-15134. [PMID: 35699397 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01658c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vinyltelluryl radical was prepared by high-vacuum flash pyrolysis from the corresponding divinylditelluride and trapped in an argon matrix at 10 K. The title compound was characterized by IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, and all experimental data match well with density functional theory at the UB3LYP/def2-QZVPP level. According to UB3LYP/def2-QZVPP computations, the spin density is mainly localized on the Te atom. The vinylogy principle for the vinyltelluryl radical is not applicable due to the lack of delocalization of spin density. Upon irradiation of the matrix with light (λ = 365 nm), the vinyltelluryl radical rearranges to a H-Te˙⋯acetylene complex. Doping the matrix with molecular oxygen leads to the hitherto unknown vinyltelluro peroxy radical. The latter isomerizes to the more thermodynamically stable vinyltelluroyl radical by irradiation with light at λ = 523 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Keul
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Artur Mardyukov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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8
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Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Diaryl Tellurides via S H2 Reaction of Aryl Radicals on Tellurium. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030809. [PMID: 35164075 PMCID: PMC8839872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although diaryl tellurides are parent organotellurium compounds, their synthesis methods, especially for unsymmetrical ones, are limited. This may be due to the instability of diaryl tellurides and their synthesis intermediates under reaction conditions. Radical reactions are known to exhibit excellent functional group selectivity; therefore, we focused on a bimolecular homolytic substitution (SH2) reaction between the aryl radical and diaryl ditelluride. Aryl radicals are generated from arylhydrazines in air and captured by diaryl ditellurides, resulting in a selective formation of unsymmetrical diaryl tellurides with high yields. The electronic effects of the substituents on both arylhydrazines and diaryl ditellurides on the SH2 reaction of tellurium are also discussed in detail.
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9
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Pierre J, Hill ZM, Fronczek FR, Junk T. Unexpected ring closures leading to 2- N, N-dialkylaminoareno[1,3]tellurazoles. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03234a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One step, up to 78% isolated yield, six examples. Facile access to 2-N,N-dialkylbenzo[1,3]tellurazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Pierre
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Technology of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France
| | - Zachary M. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P. O. Box 43700, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Thomas Junk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P. O. Box 43700, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA
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10
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Cao M, Zhong M. Chain‐growth branching radical polymerization: an
inibramer
strategy. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Cao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University New Haven CT USA
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University New Haven CT USA
- Department of Chemistry Yale University New Haven CT USA
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11
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Eskandari P, Abousalman-Rezvani Z, Roghani-Mamaqani H, Salami-Kalajahi M. Polymer-functionalization of carbon nanotube by in situ conventional and controlled radical polymerizations. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102471. [PMID: 34214841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of carbon nanotube (CNT) with polymers has drawn much attention due to its wide range of applications. Polymer-functionalized CNT could exhibit variety of properties, such as responsivity to environmental stimuli, ability of complexation with metal ions, increased dispersibility in different solvents, higher compatibility with polymer matrix, etc. Chemical and physical methods have been developed for the preparation of polymer-functionalized CNT. Polymer chains are chemically bonded to the CNT edge or surface in the chemical methods, which results in highly stable CNT/polymer composites. "Grafting to", "grafting from", and "grafting through" methods are the most common chemical methods for polymer-functionalization of CNT. In "grafting to" method, pre-fabricated polymer chains are coupled with the either functionalized or non-functionalized CNT. In "grafting from" and "grafting through" methods, CNT is functionalized by polymers simultaneously synthesized by in situ polymerization methods. Conventional free radical polymerization (FRP) and also controlled radical polymerization (CRP) are the most promising methods for in situ tethering of polymer brushes onto the surface of CNT due to their control over the grafting density, thickness, and functionality of the polymer brushes. The main focus of this review is on the synthesis of polymer-functionalized CNT via both the "grafting from" and "grafting through" methods on the basis of FRP and CRP routs, which is commonly known as in situ polymerizations. Finally, the most important challenges and applications of the in situ polymer grafting methods are discussed, which could be interesting for the future works.
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12
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Li X, Ogihara T, Kato T, Nakamura Y, Yamago S. Evidence for Polarity- and Viscosity-Controlled Pathways in the Termination Reaction in the Radical Polymerization of Acrylonitrile. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Li
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tasuku Ogihara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
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13
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Yamago S. Practical synthesis of dendritic hyperbranched polymers by reversible deactivation radical polymerization. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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14
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Li X, Kato T, Nakamura Y, Yamago S. The Effect of Viscosity on the Coupling and Hydrogen-Abstraction Reaction between Transient and Persistent Radicals. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Li
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Data-Driven Polymer Design Group, Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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15
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Kishimoto F, Hisano K, Wakihara T, Okubo T. Aryl radical initiators accumulated within layered silicates realize polystyrene with directly and regioselectively bonded aryl-terminal groups. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:835-839. [PMID: 33443528 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04156d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The arbitrary design of a terminal group of polymers exploits the still-veiled functions of polymers with potential for application in fields such as drug delivery systems, photonics, and energy conversions. Here we demonstrate for the first time that polystyrenes with directly and regioselectively bonded aryl-terminal groups can be obtained via styrene radical polymerization initialized by arbitrary aryl radicals accumulated within the interlayer space of smectite clay minerals, which can be prepared by our developed 'Clay Catalysed ab intra Deamination (CCD)' method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminao Kishimoto
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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16
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Lu Y, Yamago S. Synthesis of Structurally Controlled, Highly Branched Polymethacrylates by Radical Polymerization through the Design of a Monomer Having Hierarchical Reactivity. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangtian Lu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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17
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Yamago S. Photoactivation of Organotellurium Compounds in Precision Polymer Synthesis: Controlled Radical Polymerization and Radical Coupling Reactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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18
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Keul F, Mardyukov A, Schreiner PR. Spectroscopic identification of the phenyltelluryl radical and its reactivity toward molecular oxygen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25797-25801. [PMID: 31728465 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The phenyltelluryl radical was prepared by high-vacuum flash pyrolysis of diphenyl ditelluride and was chacracterized by matrix isolation IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. After doping the matrix with molecular oxygen and allowing bimolecular reactions, the hitherto unkown phenyltelluro peroxy radical formed and was identified via IR spectroscopy. Irradiation with light at λ = 436 nm leads to isomerization to the thermodynamically more stable novel phenyltelluroyl radical. All experimental findings agree well with density functional theory (UB3LYP/Def2QZVPP and UM06-2X/Def2QZVPP) computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Keul
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Artur Mardyukov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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19
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Miyajima T, Matsubara Y, Komatsu H, Miyamoto M, Suzuki K. Development of a superabsorbent polymer using iodine transfer polymerization. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Vishwakarma S, Kumari A, Mitra K, Singh S, Singh R, Singh J, Sen Gupta SK, Ray B. L‐menthol‐based initiators for atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sambhav Vishwakarma
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Archana Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Kheyanath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Shikha Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Rajshree Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Jaydeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Susanta K. Sen Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Biswajit Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
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21
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Fan W, Yamago S. Synthesis of Poly(N-vinylamide)s and Poly(vinylamine)s and Their Block Copolymers by Organotellurium-Mediated Radical Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7113-7116. [PMID: 30920088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Controlled polymerization of acyclic N-vinylamides, that is, N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide (NMVA), N-vinylacetamide (NVA), and N-vinylformamide (NVF), by organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP) is reported. The corresponding poly(N-vinylamide)s with controlled molecular weight and low dispersity (Ð<1.25) were obtained with high monomer conversion in all cases. This is the first report on the controlled polymerization of NVF. Hydrolysis of the polymers, in particular PNVF, occurred quantitatively under mild reaction conditions, giving structurally controlled poly(vinylamine)s. Block copolymers containing poly(N-vinylamide) and poly(vinylamine) segments were also synthesized in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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22
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Fan W, Yamago S. Synthesis of Poly(
N
‐vinylamide)s and Poly(vinylamine)s and Their Block Copolymers by Organotellurium‐Mediated Radical Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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23
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Pop A, Silvestru C, Silvestru A. Organoselenium and organotellurium compounds containing chalcogen-oxygen bonds in organic synthesis or related processes. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This chapter emphasizes aspects related to the role of organochalcogen (Se, Te) compounds with single E‒O and/or double E=O (E=Se, Te) bonds in organic synthesis, as reagents, intermediates, or catalysts, and it gives a larger extent mainly to data reported in the field during the last ten years. For each of these two heavier chalcogens the material is structured according to the oxidation state of the chalcogen and, for the same oxidation state, in sections dedicated to a particular type of compounds. Functionalization or cyclization reactions in which the organochalcogen compounds take part as nucleophiles, electrophiles or radicals, employed in various synthetic transformations, are discussed and, where available, the mechanistic aspects are outlined. New chiral species and new strategies were developed during last years in order to increase the yield, the reaction rate and the stereoselectivity in specific organic transformations, i.e. addition, oxidation, elimination, cyclization or rearrangement reactions. A notably attention was devoted to easily accessible and environmental friendly catalysts, re-usable and “green” solvents, as well as waste-free procedures.
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24
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Lu Y, Yamago S. One‐Step Synthesis of Dendritic Highly Branched Polystyrenes by Organotellurium‐Mediated Copolymerization of Styrene and a Dienyl Telluride Monomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3952-3956. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangtian Lu
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University Uji 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University Uji 611-0011 Japan
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25
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Lu Y, Yamago S. One‐Step Synthesis of Dendritic Highly Branched Polystyrenes by Organotellurium‐Mediated Copolymerization of Styrene and a Dienyl Telluride Monomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangtian Lu
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University Uji 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University Uji 611-0011 Japan
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26
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Reaction of arylhydrazines with diaryl ditellurides in the air: Insight into bimolecular homolytic substitution on tellurium via Aryl-Te bond cleavage. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Abreu CM, Fonseca AC, Rocha NM, Guthrie JT, Serra AC, Coelho JF. Poly(vinyl chloride): current status and future perspectives via reversible deactivation radical polymerization methods. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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28
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NAKAMURA Y. Elucidation of the Mechanism and Synthetic Utilization of Termination Reaction of Radical Polymerization Based on Living Radical Polymerization. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2018. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki NAKAMURA
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Material Science
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29
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Fan W, Tosaka M, Yamago S, Cunningham MF. Living Ab Initio Emulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate in Water Using a Water-Soluble Organotellurium Chain Transfer Agent under Thermal and Photochemical Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:962-966. [PMID: 29124836 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using a water-soluble organotellurium chain transfer agent in the presence of the surfactant Brij 98 in water is reported. Polymerization proceeded under both thermal and visible light-irradiation conditions, giving poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with controlled molecular weight and low dispersity (Đ<1.5). Despite the formation of an opaque latex, the photoactivation of the organotellurium dormant species took place efficiently, as demonstrated by the quantitative monomer conversion and temporal control. Control of polymer particle size (PDI<0.030) was also achieved using a semi-batch monomer addition process. The PMMA polymer in the particles retained high end-group fidelity and was successfully used for the synthesis of block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tosaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Michael F Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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30
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Nakamura Y, Ebeling B, Wolpers A, Monteil V, D'Agosto F, Yamago S. Controlled Radical Polymerization of Ethylene Using Organotellurium Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:305-309. [PMID: 29144596 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The first successfully controlled radical polymerization (CRP) of ethylene is reported using several organotellurium chain-transfer agents (CTAs) under mild conditions (70 °C, 200 bar of ethylene) within the concept of organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP). In contrast to preceding works on CRPs of ethylene applying reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT), the TERP system provided a high livingness and chain-end functionalization of polyethylene chains. Molar-mass distributions with dispersities between 1.3 and 2.1 were obtained up to average molar masses of 5000 g mol-1 . As in the RAFT system, the high reactivity of the growing polyethylenyl radical led to an inherent side reaction. For the presented TERP systems, however, this side reaction did not result in dead chains, while it could even be effectively suppressed by a good choice of the CTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Bastian Ebeling
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP, 69616, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Arne Wolpers
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP, 69616, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP, 69616, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP, 69616, Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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31
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Destarac M. Industrial development of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization: is the induction period over? Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00970h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The commercial applications of polymers produced by reversible-deactivation radical polymerization are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Destarac
- Laboratoire des IMRCP
- Université de Toulouse
- CNRS UMR 5623
- Université Paul Sabatier
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9
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32
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Nakamura Y, Ebeling B, Wolpers A, Monteil V, D'Agosto F, Yamago S. Controlled Radical Polymerization of Ethylene Using Organotellurium Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Gokasyo Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Bastian Ebeling
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP; 69616 Villeurbanne CEDEX France
| | - Arne Wolpers
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP; 69616 Villeurbanne CEDEX France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP; 69616 Villeurbanne CEDEX France
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire C2P2, Équipe LCPP; 69616 Villeurbanne CEDEX France
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Gokasyo Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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33
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Fan W, Tosaka M, Yamago S, Cunningham MF. Living Ab Initio Emulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate in Water Using a Water-Soluble Organotellurium Chain Transfer Agent under Thermal and Photochemical Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tosaka
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Michael F. Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; 19 Division Street Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
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34
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Lu Y, Nemoto T, Tosaka M, Yamago S. Synthesis of structurally controlled hyperbranched polymers using a monomer having hierarchical reactivity. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1863. [PMID: 29192274 PMCID: PMC5709361 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have attracted significant attention because of their characteristic topological structure associated with their unique physical properties compared with those of the corresponding linear polymers. Dendrimers are the most structurally controlled HBPs, but the necessity of a stepwise synthesis significantly limits their applications in materials science. Several methods have been developed to synthesize HBPs by a one-step procedure, as exemplified by the use of AB2 monomers and AB' inimers under condensation and self-condensing vinyl polymerization conditions. However, none of these methods provides structurally controlled HBPs over the three-dimensional (3D) structure, i.e., molecular weight, dispersity, number of branching points, branching density, and chain-end functionalities, except under special conditions. Here, we introduce a monomer design concept involving two functional groups with hierarchical reactivity and demonstrate the controlled synthesis of dendritic HBPs over the 3D structure by the copolymerization of the designed monomer and acrylates under living radical polymerization conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtian Lu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Nemoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tosaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan.
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35
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Gama MR, Aggarwal P, Liu K, Lee ML, Bottoli CBG. Improvement in Liquid Chromatographic Performance of Organic Polymer Monolithic Capillary Columns with Controlled Free-Radical Polymerization. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:398-404. [PMID: 27993839 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Capillary columns containing butyl or lauryl methacrylate monoliths were prepared using two different free-radical polymerization methods: conventional free-radical polymerization and controlled/living free-radical polymerization, both initiated thermally, and these methods were compared for the first time. Both monolith morphology and chromatographic efficiency were compared for the synthesized stationary phases using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and capillary liquid chromatography, respectively. Columns prepared using controlled method gave better chromatographic performance for both monomers tested. The lauryl-based monolith showed 7-fold improvement in chromatographic efficiency with a plate count of 42,000 plates/m (corrected for dead volume) for a non-retained compound. Columns fabricated using controlled polymerization appeared more homogenous radially with fused small globular morphologies, evaluated by SEM, and lower column permeability. The columns were compared with respect to resolving power of a series of alkylbenzenes under isocratic and gradient elution conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana R Gama
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), POB 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pankaj Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Milton L Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Carla B G Bottoli
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), POB 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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36
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Abstract
Ring-expansion cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers with a hemiacetal ester-embedded cyclic initiator allows precise syntheses of ring-based architectures due to the controlled propagation as well as the monomer pendant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ouchi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Hajime Kammiyada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sawamoto
- Institute of Science and Technology Research
- Chubu University
- Aichi 487-8501
- Japan
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37
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Yan X, Zhang L, Liu Q, Wang G, Liu X, Yang W. A novel radical polymerization system initiated by a redox reaction with NHPI and xanthone. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01329a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel redox reaction system consisting of xanthone (XT) andN-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) for radical polymerization is developed where NHPI and XT experience a one-electron-transfer reaction, which produces two kinds of radicals, PINO radicals and cycloketyl (CK) radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
| | - Lihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
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38
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Liu X, Tian L, Wu Z, Zhao X, Wang Z, Yu D, Fu X. Visible-light-induced synthesis of polymers with versatile end groups mediated by organocobalt complexes. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of polymers with well-defined functional groups at α and ω ends by using carefully designed organocobalt complexes has been accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Zhenqiang Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Xianyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Zikuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Donggeng Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Xuefeng Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
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39
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Hamada K, Kohri M, Taniguchi T, Kishikawa K. In-situ assembly of diblock copolymers onto submicron-sized particles for preparation of core-shell and ellipsoidal particles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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40
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Nakamura Y, Ogihara T, Hatano S, Abe M, Yamago S. Control of the Termination Mechanism in Radical Polymerization by Viscosity: Selective Disproportionation in Viscous Media. Chemistry 2016; 23:1299-1305. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Tasuku Ogihara
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Sayaka Hatano
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Hiroshima University; 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Hiroshima University; 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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41
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Fan W, Nakamura Y, Yamago S. Synthesis of Multivalent Organotellurium Chain-Transfer Agents by Post-modification and Their Applications in Living Radical Polymerization. Chemistry 2016; 22:17006-17010. [PMID: 27734536 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized or multivalent organotellurium chain-transfer agents (CTAs) for living radical polymerization were synthesized by post-modification, which involved the condensation between a carboxylic-acid-functionalized CTA and various amines in excellent yields without affecting the reactive tellurium moiety. The CTAs exhibited high synthetic versatility for radical polymerization and gave structurally well-controlled polymers, such as multiarmed polymers, from various monomers. Because all new CTAs are easily available on a large scale by simple purification, the current method significantly facilitates macromolecular engineering based on organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Fan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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42
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Kitayama Y, Yamashita N, Okubo M. Particle Nucleation in the Initial Stage of Emulsifier-Free, Emulsion Organotellurium-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Emulsion TERP) of Styrene: Kinetic Approach. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201600046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiya Kitayama
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Nobuko Yamashita
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Masayoshi Okubo
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kobe University; Kobe 657-8501 Japan
- Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; 5 Xinmofan Road Nanjing 210009 China
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43
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Canning S, Smith GN, Armes SP. A Critical Appraisal of RAFT-Mediated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2016; 49:1985-2001. [PMID: 27019522 PMCID: PMC4806311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 637] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has become widely recognized as a robust and efficient route to produce block copolymer nanoparticles of controlled size, morphology, and surface chemistry. Several reviews of this field have been published since 2012, but a substantial number of new papers have been published in the last three years. In this Perspective, we provide a critical appraisal of the various advantages offered by this approach, while also pointing out some of its current drawbacks. Promising future research directions as well as remaining technical challenges and unresolved problems are briefly highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah
L. Canning
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Gregory N. Smith
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton Building, Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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Nakamura Y, Ogihara T, Yamago S. Mechanism of Cu(I)/Cu(0)-Mediated Reductive Coupling Reactions of Bromine-Terminated Polyacrylates, Polymethacrylates, and Polystyrene. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:248-252. [PMID: 35614687 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the Cu(I)/Cu(0)-mediated reductive coupling reactions of bromine-terminated polymer chain-end radicals, so-called atom-transfer radical coupling (ATRC), is studied. Poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and polystyrene (PSt), prepared by atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), were activated by an excess amount of Cu(I)Br and Cu(0) in the presence of tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me6TREN), and the structural analyses of the resulting polymer products and deuterium-labeling experiments unambiguously determined the mechanism. While PMMA and PSt reacted by a radical mechanism as expected, PMA-bromide was reduced to an anionic species, which was most likely an organocopper species. Trapping experiments with TEMPO suggested that the polymer chain-end radicals were generated in all cases by the reduction of the bromine-terminated polymers by low-valent Cu species. However, the PMA chain-end radical was further reduced to the anionic species from which coupling products formed in low yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tasuku Ogihara
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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45
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Nakamura Y, Lee R, Coote ML, Yamago S. Termination Mechanism of the Radical Polymerization of Acrylates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:506-13. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611‐0011 Japan
| | - Richmond Lee
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Michelle L. Coote
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611‐0011 Japan
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46
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Merna J, Vlček P, Volkis V, Michl J. Li+ Catalysis and Other New Methodologies for the Radical Polymerization of Less Activated Olefins. Chem Rev 2016; 116:771-85. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Merna
- Department
of Polymers, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická
5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vlček
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Square 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Volkis
- Department
of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland 21853, United States
| | - Josef Michl
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 11610 Prague, Czech Republic
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47
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Li X, Mastan E, Wang WJ, Li BG, Zhu S. Progress in reactor engineering of controlled radical polymerization: a comprehensive review. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5re00044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Controlled radical polymerization (CRP) represents an important advancement in polymer chemistry. It allows synthesis of polymers with well-controlled chain microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Erlita Mastan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Bo-Geng Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada
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48
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Kitayama Y, Okubo M. A synthetic route to ultra-high molecular weight polystyrene (>106) with narrow molecular weight distribution by emulsifier-free, emulsion organotellurium-mediated living radical polymerization (emulsion TERP). Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00285d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We propose a route to synthesizing ultra-high molecular weight (>106) polystyrene (PS) having a narrow molecular weight distribution by controlled/living radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiya Kitayama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Kobe 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Masayoshi Okubo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Kobe 657-8501
- Japan
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49
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Al-Rubaie AZ, Al-Derawi AK, Abd Al-Wahed AT. Thermal decomposition of some organotellurium compounds based on di(cyclohexylmethyl) telluride. JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY 2015; 122:699-703. [DOI: 10.1007/s10973-015-4794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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50
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Nakamura Y, Yamago S. Termination Mechanism in the Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Styrene Determined by the Reaction of Structurally Well-Defined Polymer End Radicals. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Core
Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Core
Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Gokasyo, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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