1
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Bold CP, Lucena-Agell D, Oliva MÁ, Díaz JF, Altmann KH. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C(13)/C(13')-Bis(desmethyl)disorazole Z. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212190. [PMID: 36281761 PMCID: PMC10107878 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We describe the total synthesis of the macrodiolide C(13)/C(13')-bis(desmethyl)disorazole Z through double inter-/intramolecular Stille cross-coupling of a monomeric vinyl stannane/vinyl iodide precursor to form the macrocycle. The key step in the synthesis of this precursor was a stereoselective aldol reaction of a formal Evans acetate aldol product with crotonaldehyde. As demonstrated by X-ray crystallography, the binding mode of C(13)/C(13')-bis(desmethyl)disorazole Z to tubulin is virtually identical with that of the natural product disorazole Z. Likewise, C(13)/C(13')-bis(desmethyl)disorazole Z inhibits tubulin assembly with at least the same potency as disorazole Z and it appears to be a more potent cell growth inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Paul Bold
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Lucena-Agell
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángela Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Jankowski N, Dietrich J, Krause N. Transition Metal‐free Cycloisomerization of Propargylic Amides to Oxazoles in Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP). Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Thakur A, Verma M, Bharti R, Sharma R. Oxazole and isoxazole: From one-pot synthesis to medical applications. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4
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Palladium‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Synthesis of (
Z
)‐Conjugated Enynyl Homoallylic Alcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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5
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Abstract
Disorazoles represent a powerful class of highly potent antitubulin natural products isolated from myxobacteria. Herein, we describe a scalable and robust synthesis of (-)-disorazole C1 with high stereoselectivity, featuring quite simple reaction conditions that can be used to produce large quantities of this remarkable biologically active compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lizzadro
- Chemisches Institut, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Spieß
- Chemisches Institut, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Schinzer
- Chemisches Institut, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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6
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Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions represent a direct and atom-economical approach to introduce oxygen functionality into organic compounds, with CO acting as an inexpensive and readily available C1 feedstock. Despite the long history of carbonylation catalysis, including many processes that have been industrialized at bulk scale, there remain several challenges to tackle. For example, noble metals such as Pd, Rh, and Ir are typically used as catalysts for carbonylation reactions, rather than earth-abundant alternatives. Additionally, while carbonylation of C(sp2)-hybridized substrates (e.g., aryl halides) is well-known, carbonylation of unactivated alkyl electrophiles, especially where β-hydride elimination can compete with desired CO migratory insertion at the catalyst site, remains challenging for many systems. Recently, base metal catalysis based on Mn, Co, and other metals has enabled advances in carbonylative coupling of alkyl electrophiles, though the nucleophiles are often limited to alcohols or amines to generate esters or amides as products. Thus, we have targeted base metal-catalyzed carbonylative C-C and C-E (E = N, H, Si, B) coupling reactions as a method for approaching diverse carbonyl compounds of synthetic importance.Initially, we designed a heterobimetallic catalyst platform for carbonylative C-C coupling of alkyl halides with arylboronic esters (i.e., carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling) to generate aryl alkyl ketones. Subsequently, we developed multicomponent carbonylation reactions of alkyl halides using NHC-Cu catalysts (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene). These reactions operate by radical mechanisms, converting alkyl halides into either acyl radical or acyl halide intermediates that undergo subsequent C-C or C-E coupling at the Cu site. This mechanistic paradigm is relatively novel in the metal-catalyzed carbonylation area, allowing us to discover a previously unexplored chemical space in carbonylative coupling catalysis. We have successfully developed the following reactions: (a) hydrocarbonylative coupling of alkynes with alkyl halides; (b) borocarbonylative coupling of alkynes with alkyl halides; (c) reductive aminocarbonylation of alkyl halides with nitroarenes; (d) reductive carbonylation of alkyl halides; (e) carbonylative silylation of alkyl halides; (f) carbonylative borylation of alkyl halides. These reactions provide a broad range of valuable products including ketones, allylic alcohols, β-borylenones, amides, alcohols, acylsilanes, and acylborons in an efficient manner. Notably, the preparation of some of these products has previously required multistep syntheses, harsh conditions, or specialized reagents. By contrast, the multicomponent coupling platform that we have developed requires only readily available building blocks and rapidly increases molecular complexity in a single synthetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Neal P. Mankad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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7
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Hubert P, Seibel E, Beemelmanns C, Campagne J, Figueiredo RM. Stereoselective Construction of (
E,Z
)‐1,3‐Dienes and Its Application in Natural Product Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hubert
- ICGM Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Montpellier France
| | - Elena Seibel
- Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI) Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
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8
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Nicolaou KC, Krieger J, Murhade GM, Subramanian P, Dherange BD, Vourloumis D, Munneke S, Lin B, Gu C, Sarvaiaya H, Sandoval J, Zhang Z, Aujay M, Purcell JW, Gavrilyuk J. Streamlined Symmetrical Total Synthesis of Disorazole B 1 and Design, Synthesis, and Biological Investigation of Disorazole Analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15476-15487. [PMID: 32852944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the C2-symmetry of the antitumor naturally occurring disorazole B1 molecule, a symmetrical total synthesis was devised with a monomeric advanced intermediate as the key building block, whose three-step conversion to the natural product allowed for an expeditious entry to this family of compounds. Application of the developed synthetic strategies and methods provided a series of designed analogues of disorazole B1, whose biological evaluation led to the identification of a number of potent antitumor agents and the first structure-activity relationships (SARs) within this class of compounds. Specifically, the substitutions of the epoxide units and lactone moieties with cyclopropyl and lactam structural motifs, respectively, were found to be tolerable for biological activities and beneficial with regard to chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Johannes Krieger
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ganesh M Murhade
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Parthasarathi Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Balu D Dherange
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products & Designed Molecules, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Stefan Munneke
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Baiwei Lin
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christine Gu
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hetal Sarvaiaya
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph Sandoval
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Zhaomei Zhang
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Monette Aujay
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James W Purcell
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julia Gavrilyuk
- AbbVie Inc., 400 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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9
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Urushibara K, Yamada T, Yokoyama A, Mori H, Masu H, Azumaya I, Kagechika H, Yokozawa T, Tanatani A. Development of Helical Aromatic Amide Foldamers with a Diphenylacetylene Backbone. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2019-2039. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ko Urushibara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Yamada
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi,
Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yokoyama
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Mori
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Hyuma Masu
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Rokkakubashi,
Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Aya Tanatani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
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10
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Morrison RJ, van der Mei FW, Romiti F, Hoveyda AH. A Catalytic Approach for Enantioselective Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols Bearing a Z-Alkenyl Chloride or Trifluoromethyl Group. A Concise and Protecting Group-Free Synthesis of Mycothiazole. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:436-447. [PMID: 31873000 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A protecting group-free strategy is presented for diastereo- and enantioselective routes that can be used to prepare a wide variety of Z-homoallylic alcohols with significantly higher efficiency than is otherwise feasible. The approach entails the merger of several catalytic processes and is expected to facilitate the preparation of bioactive organic molecules. More specifically, Z-chloro-substituted allylic pinacolatoboronate is first obtained through stereoretentive cross-metathesis between Z-crotyl-B(pin) (pin = pinacolato) and Z-dichloroethene, both of which are commercially available. The organoboron compound may be used in the central transformation of the entire approach, an α- and enantioselective addition to an aldehyde, catalyzed by a proton-activated, chiral aminophenol-boryl catalyst. Catalytic cross-coupling can then furnish the desired Z-homoallylic alcohol in high enantiomeric purity. The olefin metathesis step can be carried out with substrates and a Mo-based complex that can be purchased. The aminophenol compound that is needed for the second catalytic step can be prepared in multigram quantities from inexpensive starting materials. A significant assortment of homoallylic alcohols bearing a Z-F3C-substituted alkene can also be prepared with similar high efficiency and regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity. What is more, trisubstituted Z-alkenyl chloride moiety can be accessed with similar efficiency albeit with somewhat lower α-selectivity and enantioselectivity. The general utility of the approach is underscored by a succinct, protecting group-free, and enantioselective total synthesis of mycothiazole, a naturally occurring anticancer agent through a sequence that contains a longest linear sequence of nine steps (12 steps total), seven of which are catalytic, generating mycothiazole in 14.5% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Farid W van der Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Filippo Romiti
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States.,Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute , University of Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg 67000 , France
| | - Amir H Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States.,Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute , University of Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg 67000 , France
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11
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Nicolaou KC, Buchman M, Bellavance G, Krieger J, Subramanian P, Pulukuri KK. Syntheses of Cyclopropyl Analogues of Disorazoles A 1 and B 1 and Their Thiazole Counterparts. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12374-12389. [PMID: 30277774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Modular syntheses of disorazoles A1 and B1 analogues in which the epoxide moieties of the natural products were replaced with cyclopropyl units have been achieved. Targeted as part of a structure-activity relationships study, these syntheses were successfully extended to the thiazole counterparts of these analogues. The retrosynthetically defined fragments were assembled through Yamaguchi esterification, Cu/Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling, Yamaguchi macrolactonization, and Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling as the key reactions. Further synthetic and biological investigations of such analogues are expected to lead to the discovery and development of potential payloads for antibody-drug conjugates as targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Marek Buchman
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Gabriel Bellavance
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Johannes Krieger
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Parthasarathi Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Kiran Kumar Pulukuri
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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12
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Kaur N. Perspectives of ionic liquids applications for the synthesis of five- and six-memberedO,N-heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1406521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
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13
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Cheng LJ, Islam SM, Mankad NP. Synthesis of Allylic Alcohols via Cu-Catalyzed Hydrocarbonylative Coupling of Alkynes with Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1159-1164. [PMID: 29278494 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Shahidul M. Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Neal P. Mankad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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14
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Witte SNR, Hug JJ, Géraldy MNE, Müller R, Kalesse M. Biosynthesis and Total Synthesis of Pyrronazol B: a Secondary Metabolite fromNannocystis pusilla. Chemistry 2017; 23:15917-15921. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swjatoslaw N. R. Witte
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University Hannover; Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ); Schneiderberg 38 30167 Hannover Germany
- Germany and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Joachim J. Hug
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS); Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Saarland University Campus, Building E8.1; 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Magalie N. E. Géraldy
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University Hannover; Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ); Schneiderberg 38 30167 Hannover Germany
- Germany and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum; Im Neuenheimer Feld 580 D-69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS); Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Saarland University Campus, Building E8.1; 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Markus Kalesse
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University Hannover; Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
- Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ); Schneiderberg 38 30167 Hannover Germany
- Germany and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
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15
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Nicolaou KC, Bellavance G, Buchman M, Pulukuri KK. Total Syntheses of Disorazoles A1 and B1 and Full Structural Elucidation of Disorazole B1. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15636-15639. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience
Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Gabriel Bellavance
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience
Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Marek Buchman
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience
Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kiran Kumar Pulukuri
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience
Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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16
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Shklyaruck DG, Fedarkevich AN, Kozyrkov YY. Transition-metal-free stereoselective synthesis of C(1)–C(6) fragment of epothilones and their structural analogues. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Wu S, Guo Z, Hopkins CD, Wei N, Chu E, Wipf P, Schmitz JC. Bis-cyclopropane analog of disorazole C1 is a microtubule-destabilizing agent active in ABCB1-overexpressing human colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40866-79. [PMID: 26506423 PMCID: PMC4747374 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel, chemically stabilized disorazole analog, (−)-CP2-disorazole C1 (1) displayed potent anti-proliferative activity against a broad-spectrum of human colorectal cancer cells. HCT15 and H630R1 cell lines expressing high basal levels of the ABCB1 protein, known to cause multi-drug resistance, were also sensitive to growth inhibition by 1 but were resistant to both vincristine and docetaxel, two commonly used microtubule inhibitors. Compound 1 exhibited strong inhibition of tubulin polymerization at a level comparable to vincristine. In addition, treatment with 1 resulted in decreased protein levels of β-tubulin but not α-tubulin. An analysis of cellular proteins known to interact with microtubules showed that 1 caused decreased expression of c-Myc, APC, Rb, and additional key cellular signaling pathways in CRC cells. Treatment with compound 1 also resulted in G2/M cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis, but not senescence. Furthermore, endothelial spheroid sprouting assays demonstrated that 1 suppressed angiogenesis and can, therefore, potentially prevent cancer cells from spreading and metastasizing. Taken together, these findings suggest that the microtubule disruptor 1 may be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhijian Guo
- Department of Nephrology, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chad D Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ning Wei
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Edward Chu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - John C Schmitz
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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18
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Genetic engineering and heterologous expression of the disorazol biosynthetic gene cluster via Red/ET recombineering. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21066. [PMID: 26875499 PMCID: PMC4753468 DOI: 10.1038/srep21066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorazol, a macrocyclic polykitide produced by the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce12 and it is reported to have potential cytotoxic activity towards several cancer cell lines, including multi-drug resistant cells. The disorazol biosynthetic gene cluster (dis) from Sorangium cellulosum (So ce12) was identified by transposon mutagenesis and cloned in a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. The 58-kb dis core gene cluster was reconstituted from BACs via Red/ET recombineering and expressed in Myxococcus xanthus DK1622. For the first time ever, a myxobacterial trans-AT polyketide synthase has been expressed heterologously in this study. Expression in M. xanthus allowed us to optimize the yield of several biosynthetic products using promoter engineering. The insertion of an artificial synthetic promoter upstream of the disD gene encoding a discrete acyl transferase (AT), together with an oxidoreductase (Or), resulted in 7-fold increase in disorazol production. The successful reconstitution and expression of the genetic sequences encoding for these promising cytotoxic compounds will allow combinatorial biosynthesis to generate novel disorazol derivatives for further bioactivity evaluation.
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19
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Werrel S, Walker JC, Donohoe TJ. Application of catalytic Z-selective olefin metathesis in natural product synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Ralston KJ, Ramstadius HC, Brewster RC, Niblock HS, Hulme AN. Self-Assembly of Disorazole C1 through a One-Pot Alkyne Metathesis Homodimerization Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7086-90. [PMID: 25926364 PMCID: PMC4517162 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alkyne metathesis is increasingly explored as a reliable method to close macrocyclic rings, but there are no prior examples of an alkyne-metathesis-based homodimerization approach to natural products. In this approach to the cytotoxic C2-symmetric marine-derived bis(lactone) disorazole C1, a highly convergent, modular strategy is employed featuring cyclization through an ambitious one-pot alkyne cross-metathesis/ring-closing metathesis self-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Ralston
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - H Clinton Ramstadius
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - Richard C Brewster
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - Helen S Niblock
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - Alison N Hulme
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK).
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21
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Ralston KJ, Ramstadius HC, Brewster RC, Niblock HS, Hulme AN. Self-Assembly of Disorazole C 1 through a One-Pot Alkyne Metathesis Homodimerization Strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 127:7192-7196. [PMID: 27346897 PMCID: PMC4902119 DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alkyne metathesis is increasingly explored as a reliable method to close macrocyclic rings, but there are no prior examples of an alkyne-metathesis-based homodimerization approach to natural products. In this approach to the cytotoxic C2 -symmetric marine-derived bis(lactone) disorazole C1, a highly convergent, modular strategy is employed featuring cyclization through an ambitious one-pot alkyne cross-metathesis/ring-closing metathesis self-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Ralston
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - H. Clinton Ramstadius
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - Richard C. Brewster
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - Helen S. Niblock
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
| | - Alison N. Hulme
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ (UK)
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22
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Walczak MAA, Krainz T, Wipf P. Ring-strain-enabled reaction discovery: new heterocycles from bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:1149-58. [PMID: 25775119 DOI: 10.1021/ar500437h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistically as well as synthetically, bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes represent one of the most fascinating classes of organic compounds. They offer a unique blend of compact size (four carbon atoms), high reactivity (strain energy of 66 kcal/mol), and mechanistic pathway diversity that can be harvested for the rapid assembly of complex scaffolds. The C(1)-C(3) bond combines the electronic features of both σ and π bonds with facile homolytic and heterolytic bond dissociation properties and thereby readily engages pericyclic, transition-metal-mediated, nucleophilic, and electrophilic pathways as well as radical acceptor and donor substrates. Despite this multifaceted reaction profile and recent advances in the preparation of bicylo[1.1.0]butanes, the current portfolio of synthetic applications is still limited compared with those of cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes. In this Account, we describe our work over the past decade on the exploration of substituent effects on the ring strain and the reactivity of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes, particularly in the context of metal-mediated processes. We first describe Rh(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions of N-allyl amines to give pyrrolidine and azepine heterocycles. The regioselectivity of the C,C-bond insertion/ring-opening step in these reactions is controlled by the phosphine ligand. After metal carbene formation, an intramolecular cyclopropanation adds a second fused ring system. A proposed mechanism rationalizes why rhodium(I) complexes with monodentate ligands favor five-membered heterocycles, as opposed to Rh(I)-bidentate ligand catalysts, which rearrange N-allyl amines to seven-membered heterocycles. The scope of Rh(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions was extended to allyl ethers, which provide a mixture of five- and seven-membered cyclic ethers regardless of the nature of the phosphine additive and Rh(I) precatalyst. The chemical diversity of these cycloisomerization products was further expanded by a consecutive one-pot metathesis reaction. Rh(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerizations of propargyl amides, ethers, and electron-deficient bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes diverged mechanistically and often led to a significant number of decomposition products. In these cases, Pt(II) emerged as a superior, more alkynophilic late transition metal with its own mechanistic peculiarities. While monosubstituted bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes led to the formation of tetrahydropyridines, 1,3-disubstituted and electron-deficient bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes reacted distinctly differently with Pt(II) and ultimately provided a complementary set of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing cyclic scaffolds. The metal-catalyzed ring transformations of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes presented herein suggest additional strategies for new reaction discoveries that can access a wide variety of novel cyclic frameworks from relatively simple starting materials. In addition, these case studies highlight the considerable potential for future applications in natural products, medicinal, and diversity-oriented synthesis based on the wealth of mechanistic pathways available to these strained small-ring carbocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej A. A. Walczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Tanja Krainz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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23
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Pankova AS, Stukalov AY, Kuznetsov MA. Synthesis of 2-(Hetero)aryl-5-(trimethylsilylethynyl)oxazoles from (Hetero)arylacrylic Acids. Org Lett 2015; 17:1826-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alena S. Pankova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky
pr. 26, 198504 Saint
Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu. Stukalov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky
pr. 26, 198504 Saint
Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Kuznetsov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetsky
pr. 26, 198504 Saint
Petersburg, Russia
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24
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Infante-Rodriguez C, Domon L, Breuilles P, Uguen D. Asymmetric Synthesis of Stigmatellin and Crocacin C. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20140271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Infante-Rodriguez
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg
| | - Lisianne Domon
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg
| | - Pascal Breuilles
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg
| | - Daniel Uguen
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg
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25
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Speed AH, Mann TJ, O’Brien RV, Schrock RR, Hoveyda AH. Catalytic Z-selective cross-metathesis in complex molecule synthesis: a convergent stereoselective route to disorazole C1. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:16136-9. [PMID: 25379808 PMCID: PMC4244837 DOI: 10.1021/ja509973r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A convergent diastereo- and enantioselective total synthesis of anticancer and antifungal macrocyclic natural product disorazole C1 is reported. The central feature of the successful route is the application of catalytic Z-selective cross-metathesis (CM). Specifically, we illustrate that catalyst-controlled stereoselective CM can be performed to afford structurally complex Z-alkenyl-B(pin) as well as Z-alkenyl iodide compounds reliably, efficiently, and with high selectivity (pin = pinacolato). The resulting intermediates are then joined in a single-step operation through catalytic inter- and intramolecular cross-coupling to furnish the desired 30-membered ring macrocycle containing the critical (Z,Z,E)-triene moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
W. H. Speed
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Tyler J. Mann
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Robert V. O’Brien
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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26
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Martins MAP, Frizzo CP, Tier AZ, Moreira DN, Zanatta N, Bonacorso HG. Update 1 of: Ionic Liquids in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2014; 114:PR1-70. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500106x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A. P. Martins
- Núcleo de Química
de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Clarissa P. Frizzo
- Núcleo de Química
de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Aniele Z. Tier
- Núcleo de Química
de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Dayse N. Moreira
- Núcleo de Química
de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química
de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Helio G. Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química
de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
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Abstract
This review will focus on selected applications of Sonogashira coupling and subsequent transformations as key steps in the total synthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062, China
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28
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29
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30
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Dalby SM, Goodwin-Tindall J, Paterson I. Total Synthesis of (−)-Rhizopodin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6517-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Singh BS, Lobo HR, Pinjari DV, Jarag KJ, Pandit AB, Shankarling GS. Ultrasound and deep eutectic solvent (DES): a novel blend of techniques for rapid and energy efficient synthesis of oxazoles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:287-293. [PMID: 22784641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present work deals with the synthesis of novel oxazole compounds by using effective combination of ultrasound (US) and deep eutectic solvent (DES). The reaction was also conducted by thermal method (NUS) and the comparative studies are provided. It was observed that applying ultrasound not only improved yields and reduced reaction times but also saved more than 85% energy as shown by energy consumption calculations. The advantages of using DES as reaction medium is highlighted from the fact that it is bio-degradable, non-toxic, recyclable and could be easily prepared using inexpensive raw materials. The recyclability for DES was studied wherein it was found that ultrasound has no negative effects on DES even up to four runs. In addition, the present work is the first report on the combinative use of DES and US in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balvant S Singh
- Dyestuff Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
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32
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Zhang B, Wang Y, Yang SP, Zhou Y, Wu WB, Tang W, Zuo JP, Li Y, Yue JM. Ivorenolide A, an unprecedented immunosuppressive macrolide from Khaya ivorensis: structural elucidation and bioinspired total synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:20605-8. [PMID: 23214963 DOI: 10.1021/ja310482z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ivorenolide A (1), a novel 18-membered macrolide featuring conjugated acetylenic bonds and five chiral centers, was isolated from Khaya ivorensis. The structure of 1 was fully determined by spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and bioinspired total synthesis. Both compound 1 and its synthetic enantiomer 2 showed potent and selective immunosuppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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33
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Chen S, Bai D, Shi F, Li J, Li C, Jia X. Iron‐Promoted Practical One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Oxazoles. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songhui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Donghu Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chunju Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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35
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Spiteri C, Ritson DJ, Awaad A, Moses JE. Silver mediated one-step synthesis of oxazoles from α-haloketones. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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36
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Abstract
The total synthesis of a bis-cyclopropane analog of the antimitotic natural product (-)-disorazole C(1) was accomplished in 23 steps and 1.1% overall yield. A vinyl cyclopropane cross-metathesis reaction generated a key (E)-alkene segment of the target molecule. IC(50) determinations of (-)-CP(2)-disorazole C(1) in human colon cancer cell lines indicated low nanomolar cytotoxic properties. Accordingly, this synthetic bioisostere represents the first biologically active disorazole analog not containing a conjugated diene or polyene substructure element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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37
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Abstract
Iejimalide B, a structurally unique 24-membered polyene macrolide having a previously underutilized mode of anticancer activity, was synthesized according to a strategy employing Julia-Kocienski olefinations, a palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction, a palladium-catalyzed Marshall propargylation, a Keck-type esterification, and a palladium-catalyzed macrolide-forming, intramolecular Stille coupling of a highly complex cyclization substrate. The overall synthesis is efficient (19.5% overall yield for 15 linear steps) and allows for more practical scaled-up synthesis than previously reported strategies that differed in the order of assembly of key subunits and in the method of macrocyclization. The present synthesis paves the way for efficient preparation of analogues for drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshou Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Harper Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory for Chemical Biology & Drug Development, Bindley Bioscience Center at Purdue Discovery Park, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057
| | - Dirk Schweitzer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Harper Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - John Kane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Harper Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - V. Jo Davisson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Laboratory for Chemical Biology & Drug Development, Bindley Bioscience Center at Purdue Discovery Park, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057
| | - Paul Helquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Harper Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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Sreekanth M, Pranitha G, Jagadeesh B, Chakraborty TK. Ti(III)-mediated opening of 2,3-epoxy alcohols to build five-membered carbocycles with multiple chiral centres. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Arbačiauskienė E, Vilkauskaitė G, Šačkus A, Holzer W. Ethyl 3- and 5-Triflyloxy-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates in the Synthesis of Condensed Pyrazoles by Pd-Catalysed Cross-Coupling Reactions. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Chakraborty TK, Sreekanth M, Pulukuri KK. Synthetic studies toward potent cytostatic macrolide rhizopodin: stereoselective synthesis of the C16–C28 fragment. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Synthesis of 2,4- and 2,5-Disubstituted Oxazoles via Metal- Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Skepper CK, Quach T, Molinski TF. Total synthesis of enigmazole A from Cinachyrella enigmatica. Bidirectional bond constructions with an ambident 2,4-disubstituted oxazole synthon. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:10286-92. [PMID: 20590095 DOI: 10.1021/ja1016975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the cytotoxic marine macrolide enigmazole A has been completed in 22 steps (longest linear sequence). The sensitive, densely functionalized 2,4-disubstituted oxazole fragment was constructed using an efficient Negishi-type coupling of an oxazol-2-ylzinc reagent formed directly from the parent ethyl 2-iodooxazole-4-carboxylate by zinc insertion. Other key steps include a hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition to form the central embedded pyran ring, a Wittig reaction to unite Eastern and Western hemispheres, and a ring size-selective Keck macrolactonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin K Skepper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC0358, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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43
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Murai K, Takahara Y, Matsushita T, Komatsu H, Fujioka H. Facile Preparation of Oxazole-4-carboxylates and 4-Ketones from Aldehydes using 3-Oxazoline-4-carboxylates as Intermediates. Org Lett 2010; 12:3456-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1012789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Murai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Matsushita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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44
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Xu FL, Rbaibi Y, Kiselyov K, Lazo JS, Wipf P, Saunders WS. Mitotic slippage in non-cancer cells induced by a microtubule disruptor, disorazole C1. BMC CHEMICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 10:1. [PMID: 20181182 PMCID: PMC2834648 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6769-10-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Disorazoles are polyene macrodiolides isolated from a myxobacterium fermentation broth. Disorazole C1 was newly synthesized and found to depolymerize microtubules and cause mitotic arrest. Here we examined the cellular responses to disorazole C1 in both non-cancer and cancer cells and compared our results to vinblastine and taxol. Results In non-cancer cells, disorazole C1 induced a prolonged mitotic arrest, followed by mitotic slippage, as confirmed by live cell imaging and cell cycle analysis. This mitotic slippage was associated with cyclin B degradation, but did not require p53. Four assays for apoptosis, including western blotting for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, microscopic analyses for cytochrome C release and annexin V staining, and gel electrophoresis examination for DNA laddering, were conducted and demonstrated little induction of apoptosis in non-cancer cells treated with disorazole C1. On the contrary, we observed an activated apoptotic pathway in cancer cells, suggesting that normal and malignant cells respond differently to disorazole C1. Conclusion Our studies demonstrate that non-cancer cells undergo mitotic slippage in a cyclin B-dependent and p53-independent manner after prolonged mitotic arrest caused by disorazole C1. In contrast, cancer cells induce the apoptotic pathway after disorazole C1 treatment, indicating a possibly significant therapeutic window for this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng L Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
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45
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Schäckel R, Hinkelmann B, Sasse F, Kalesse M. The Synthesis of Novel Disorazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200906450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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46
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Schäckel R, Hinkelmann B, Sasse F, Kalesse M. The Synthesis of Novel Disorazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:1619-22. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lazo JS, Reese CE, Vogt A, Vollmer LL, Kitchens CA, Günther E, Graham TH, Hopkins CD, Wipf P. Identifying a resistance determinant for the antimitotic natural products disorazole C1 and A1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 332:906-11. [PMID: 20008956 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.162842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorazoles are macrocyclic polyketides first isolated from the fermentation broth of the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum. Both the major fermentation product disorazole A(1) and its much rarer companion disorazole C(1) exhibit potent cytotoxic activity against many human tumor cells. Furthermore, the disorazoles appear to bind tubulin uniquely among known antimitotic agents, promoting apoptosis or premature senescence. It is uncertain what conveys tumor cell sensitivity to these complex natural products. Therefore, we generated and characterized human tumor cells resistant to disorazole C(1). Resistant cells proved exceedingly difficult to generate and required single step mutagenesis with chronic stepwise exposure to increasing concentrations of disorazole C(1). Compared with wild-type HeLa cells, disorazole C(1)-resistant HeLa/DZR cells were 34- and 8-fold resistant to disorazole C(1) and disorazole A(1) growth inhibition, respectively. HeLa/DZR cells were also remarkably cross-resistant to vinblastine (280-fold), paclitaxel (2400-fold), and doxorubicin (47-fold) but not cisplatin, suggesting a multidrug-resistant phenotype. Supporting this hypothesis, MCF7/MDR cells were 10-fold cross-resistant to disorazole C(1). HeLa/DZR disorazole resistance was not durable in the absence of chronic compound exposure. Verapamil reversed HeLa/DZR resistance to disorazole C(1) and disorazole A(1). Moreover, HeLa/DZR cells expressed elevated levels of the drug resistance ATP-binding cassette ABCB1 transporter. Loss of ABCB1 by incubation with short interfering RNA restored sensitivity to the disorazoles. Thus, the multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 can affect the cytotoxicity of both disorazole C(1) and A(1). Disorazole C(1), however, retained activity against cells resistant against the clinically used microtubule-stabilizing agent epothilone B.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Biomedical Science Tower-3, Suite 10040, 3501 Fifth Ave., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Martins MAP, Frizzo CP, Moreira DN, Buriol L, Machado P. Solvent-Free Heterocyclic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2009; 109:4140-82. [DOI: 10.1021/cr9001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A. P. Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarissa P. Frizzo
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Dayse N. Moreira
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lilian Buriol
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Machado
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Lu Y, Krische MJ. Concise synthesis of the bryostatin A-ring via consecutive C-C bond forming transfer hydrogenations. Org Lett 2009; 11:3108-11. [PMID: 19586066 DOI: 10.1021/ol901096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Under the conditions of C-C bond forming transfer hydrogenation, 1,3-propanediol 1 engages in double asymmetric carbonyl allylation to furnish the C(2)-symmetric diol 2. Double ozonolysis of 2 followed by TBS protection delivers aldehyde 3, which is subject to catalyst directed carbonyl reverse prenylation via transfer hydrogenation to deliver neopentyl alcohol 4 and, ultimately, the bryostatin A-ring 7. Through use of two consecutive C-C bond forming transfer hydrogenations, the Evans' bryostatin A-ring 7 is prepared in less than half the manipulations previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Hopkins CD, Wipf P. Isolation, biology and chemistry of the disorazoles: new anti-cancer macrodiolides. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:585-601. [PMID: 19387496 DOI: 10.1039/b813799b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1994 to 2008. The disorazoles comprise a family of 29 closely related macrocyclic polyketides isolated in 1994 from the fermentation broth of the gliding myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum. Disorazoles A1, E and C1 have shown exceptional biological activites toward inhibiting the proliferation of human cancer cell lines in picomolar and nanomolar concentrations through the disruption of microtubule polymerization. This review gives a brief introduction describing the biosynthesis and the significance of the disorazoles as a new class of microtubulin disruptors. Another portion of the review focuses on the biology of the disorazoles, specifically disorazole A1 and C1, and their antiproliferative efficacy against animal and human tumor cell lines, as well as the available SAR data. The majority of the discussion addresses synthetic efforts, including partial syntheses of various disorazoles and a summary of the total synthesis of disorazole C1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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