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You J, Qian Y, Xiong S, Zhang P, Mukwaya V, Levi-Kalisman Y, Raviv U, Dou H. Poly(ferrocenylsilane)-Based Redox-Active Artificial Organelles for Biomimetic Cascade Reactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401435. [PMID: 38739532 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Artificial organelles serve as functional counterparts to natural organelles, which are primarily employed to artificially replicate, restore, or enhance cellular functions. While most artificial organelles exhibit basic functions, we diverge from this norm by utilizing poly(ferrocenylmethylethylthiocarboxypropylsilane) microcapsules (PFC MCs) to construct multifunctional artificial organelles through water/oil interfacial self-assembly. Within these PFC MCs, enzymatic cascades are induced through active molecular exchange across the membrane to mimic the functions of enzymes in mitochondria. We harness the inherent redox properties of the PFC polymer, which forms the membrane, to facilitate in-situ redox reactions similar to those supported by the inner membrane of natural mitochondria. Subsequent studies have demonstrated the interaction between PFC MCs and living cell including extended lifespans within various cell types. We anticipate that functional PFC MCs have the potential to serve as innovative platforms for organelle mimics capable of executing specific cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi You
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering., Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Qian
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering., Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shuhan Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering., Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering., Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Vincent Mukwaya
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering., Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- Institute of Life Sciences and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uri Raviv
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hongjing Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering., Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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2
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Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Göen Colak D, Constantinescu D, Cianga I. Thiophene End-Functionalized Oligo-(D,L-Lactide) as a New Electroactive Macromonomer for the "Hairy-Rod" Type Conjugated Polymers Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051094. [PMID: 36904339 PMCID: PMC10006927 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the modern society imposes a fast-growing demand for new advanced functional polymer materials. To this aim, one of the most plausible current methodologies is the end-group functionalization of existing conventional polymers. If the end functional group is able to polymerize, this method enables the synthesis of a molecularly complex, grafted architecture that opens the access to a wider range of material properties, as well as tailoring the special functions required for certain applications. In this context, the present paper reports on α-thienyl-ω-hydroxyl-end-groups functionalized oligo-(D,L-lactide) (Th-PDLLA), which was designed to combine the polymerizability and photophysical properties of thiophene with the biocompatibility and biodegradability of poly-(D,L-lactide). Th-PDLLA was synthesized using the path of "functional initiator" in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of (D,L)-lactide, assisted by stannous 2-ethyl hexanoate (Sn(oct)2). The results of NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic methods confirmed the Th-PDLLA's expected structure, while the oligomeric nature of Th-PDLLA, as resulting from the calculations based on 1H-NMR data, is supported by the findings from gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and by the results of the thermal analyses. The behavior of Th-PDLLA in different organic solvents, evaluated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, but also by dynamic light scattering (DLS), suggested the presence of colloidal supramolecular structures, underlining the nature of the macromonomer Th-PDLLA as an "shape amphiphile". To test its functionality, the ability of Th-PDLLA to work as a building block for the synthesis of molecular composites was demonstrated by photoinduced oxidative homopolymerization in the presence of diphenyliodonium salt (DPI). The occurrence of a polymerization process, with the formation of a thiophene-conjugated oligomeric main chain grafted with oligomeric PDLLA, was proven, in addition to the visual changes, by the results of GPC, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis and fluorescence measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.); Tel.: +40-332-880-220 (L.C. & I.C.)
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ioan Cianga
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.); Tel.: +40-332-880-220 (L.C. & I.C.)
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3
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Zhang T, Conrad ED, Gates DP. Di- and tri-block copolymers from the sequential living anionic copolymerization a phosphaalkene with styrene. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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You J, Liu L, Huang W, Manners I, Dou H. Redox-Active Micelle-Based Reaction Platforms for In Situ Preparation of Noble Metal Nanocomposites with Photothermal Conversion Capability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:13648-13657. [PMID: 33688724 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyferrocenylsilane (PFS)-based polymers are an attractive family of organometallic polymers with unique redox-active properties. Herein, we report a novel amphiphilic redox-active PFS-based homopolymer, poly(ferrocenylmethylethylthiocarboxypropylsilane) (PFC), with a hydrophobic backbone chain and hydrophilic carboxylic acid side groups in each repeating unit. Self-assembly was induced by addition of water to a molecularly dispersed solution of PFC in DMSO. Spherical PFC micelles with controllable hydrodynamic diameters (60-180 nm) were obtained under various conditions. These PFC micelles could be readily endocytosed by A549 cells and HUVEC cells and show no significant cytotoxicity toward them at the concentration of 200 μg/mL. On this basis, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared through in situ reduction of HAuCl4 by PFC micelles as nanoreactors without requiring any other reductants. The PFC/Au nanocomposites (NCs) were found to exhibit significant photothermal behavior. Moreover, PFC micelles could also act as nanoreactors for other noble metals such as Ag, Pd, and Pt. By taking advantage of properties of the nanostructures and noble metal nanoparticles comprising these materials, the PFC micelles and PFC/noble metal NCs may have great potential in biomedical or catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi You
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Lingshan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Hongjing Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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Bai H, Leng X, Han L, Yang L, Li C, Shen H, Lei L, Zhang S, Wang X, Ma H. Thermally Controlled On/Off Switch in a Living Anionic Polymerization of 1-Cyclopropylvinylbenzene with an Anion Migrated Ring-Opening Mechanism. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Bai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xuefei Leng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lincan Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Heyu Shen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lan Lei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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7
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Zhou YN, Li JJ, Wu YY, Luo ZH. Role of External Field in Polymerization: Mechanism and Kinetics. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2950-3048. [PMID: 32083844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an increasing interest in developing advanced polymerization techniques subjected to external fields. Various physical modulations, such as temperature, light, electricity, magnetic field, ultrasound, and microwave irradiation, are noninvasive means, having superb but distinct abilities to regulate polymerizations in terms of process intensification and spatial and temporal controls. Gas as an emerging regulator plays a distinctive role in controlling polymerization and resembles a physical regulator in some cases. This review provides a systematic overview of seven types of external-field-regulated polymerizations, ranging from chain-growth to step-growth polymerization. A detailed account of the relevant mechanism and kinetics is provided to better understand the role of each external field in polymerization. In addition, given the crucial role of modeling and simulation in mechanisms and kinetics investigation, an overview of model construction and typical numerical methods used in this field as well as highlights of the interaction between experiment and simulation toward kinetics in the existing systems are given. At the end, limitations and future perspectives for this field are critically discussed. This state-of-the-art research progress not only provides the fundamental principles underlying external-field-regulated polymerizations but also stimulates new development of advanced polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ning Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hong Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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8
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Sha Y, Zhang Y, Xu E, McAlister CW, Zhu T, Craig SL, Tang C. Generalizing metallocene mechanochemistry to ruthenocene mechanophores. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4959-4965. [PMID: 31183044 PMCID: PMC6526481 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01347d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have shown that ferrocene displays an unexpected combination of force-free stability and mechanochemical activity, as it acts as the preferred site of chain scission along the backbone of highly extended polymer chains. This observation raises the tantalizing question as to whether similar mechanochemical activity might be present in other metallocenes, and, if so, what features of metallocenes dictate their relative ability to act as mechanophores. In this work, we elucidate polymerization methodologies towards main-chain ruthenocene-based polymers and explore the mechanochemistry of ruthenocene. We find that ruthenocene, in analogy to ferrocene, acts as a highly selective site of main chain scission despite the fact that it is even more inert. A comparison of ruthenocene and ferrocene reactivity provides insights as to the possible origins of metallocene mechanochemistry, including the relative importance of structural and thermodynamic parameters such as bond length and bond dissociation energy. These results suggest that metallocenes might be privileged mechanophores through which highly inert coordination complexes can be made dynamic in a stimuli-responsive fashion, offering potential opportunities in dynamic metallo-supramolecular materials and in mechanochemical routes to reactive intermediates that are otherwise difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina 29208 , USA .
| | - Yudi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , USA .
| | - Enhua Xu
- Graduate School of System Informatics , Kobe University , Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
| | - C Wayne McAlister
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina 29208 , USA .
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina 29208 , USA .
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , USA .
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina 29208 , USA .
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9
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Cao MPT, Quail JW, Zhu J, Müller J. Enantiopure Ferrocenophanes with Phosphorus in Bridging Positions: Thermostability and Ring-Opening Polymerization. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Chen L, Rawe BW, Adachi K, Gates DP. Phosphorus-Containing Block Copolymers from the Sequential Living Anionic Copolymerization of a Phosphaalkene with Methyl Methacrylate. Chemistry 2018; 24:18012-18019. [PMID: 30426585 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Although living polymerization methods are widely applicable to organic monomers, their application to inorganic monomers is rare. For the first time, we show that the living poly(methylenephosphine) (PMPn - ) anion can function as a macroinitiator for olefins. Specifically, the phosphaalkene, MesP=CPh2 (PA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) can be sequentially copolymerized using the BnLi-TMEDA initiator system in toluene. A series of PMPn -b-PMMAm copolymers with narrow dispersities are accessible (Đ=1.05-1.10). Analysis of the block copolymers provided evidence for -P-CPh2 -CH2 -CMe(CO2 Me)- switching groups. Importantly, this indicates that the -P-CPh2 - anion directly initiates the anionic polymerization of MMA and stands in stark contrast to the isomerization mechanism followed for the homopolymerization of PA. For the first time, the glass transition of a PMPn homopolymer has been measured (Tg =45.1 °C, n=20). The PMPn -b-PMMAm copolymers do not phase separate and show a single Tg which increases with higher PMMA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leixing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British, Columbia, Canada
| | - Benjamin W Rawe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British, Columbia, Canada
| | - Kaoru Adachi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British, Columbia, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Derek P Gates
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British, Columbia, Canada
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11
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Insight into the Thermal Ring-Opening Polymerization of Phospha[1]ferrocenophanes. Chemistry 2016; 22:16838-16849. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Liu B, Cui D, Tang T. Stereo- and Temporally Controlled Coordination Polymerization Triggered by Alternating Addition of a Lewis Acid and Base. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
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13
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Liu B, Cui D, Tang T. Stereo- and Temporally Controlled Coordination Polymerization Triggered by Alternating Addition of a Lewis Acid and Base. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11975-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 5625, Renmin Street Changchun 130022 China
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14
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Hailes RLN, Oliver AM, Gwyther J, Whittell GR, Manners I. Polyferrocenylsilanes: synthesis, properties, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5358-407. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00155f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This comprehensive review covers polyferrocenylsilanes (PFSs), a well-established, readily accessible class of main chain organosilicon metallopolymer. The focus is on the recent advances involving PFS homopolymers and block copolymers and the article covers the synthesis, properties, and applications of these fascinating materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry
- University of Bristol
- Bristol
- UK
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15
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Heindl C, Reisinger S, Schwarzmaier C, Rummel L, Virovets AV, Peresypkina EV, Scheer M. The First Coordination Polymers Based on 1,3-Diphosphaferrocenes and 1,1',2,3',4-Pentaphosphaferrocenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015; 2016:743-753. [PMID: 27134554 PMCID: PMC4845558 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Phosphaferrocenes in combination with coinage metal salts proved to be excellent building blocks in supramolecular chemistry for the buildup of oligomeric and polymeric assemblies. The synthesis of a series of novel phosphaferrocenes containing the 1,3‐P2C3iPr3 and/or the 1,2,4‐P3C2iPr2 ligand is described herein. The self‐assembly processes of the 1,3‐diphospha‐, 1,2,4‐triphospha‐, and 1,1′,2,3′,4‐pentaphosphaferrocenes with CuI halides led to the formation of 1D or 2D polymers. With [Cp*Fe(η5‐P2C3iPr3)] (Cp* = η5‐C5Me5), infinite chains are formed, whereas with [(η5‐P3C2iPr2)Fe(η5‐P2C3iPr3)] 1D ladderlike structures are obtained. These are the first polymers containing such a di‐ and pentaphosphaferrocene, respectively. On the other hand, the use of [Cp*Fe(η5‐P3C2iPr2)] leads to the construction of 2D networks with intact sandwich complexes, which is uncommon for this class of complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Heindl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, http://www.uni-regensburg.de/chemie-pharmazie/anorganische-chemie-scheer/
| | - Sabine Reisinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, http://www.uni-regensburg.de/chemie-pharmazie/anorganische-chemie-scheer/
| | - Christoph Schwarzmaier
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, http://www.uni-regensburg.de/chemie-pharmazie/anorganische-chemie-scheer/
| | - Lena Rummel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, http://www.uni-regensburg.de/chemie-pharmazie/anorganische-chemie-scheer/
| | - Alexander V Virovets
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Division of RAS, Acad. Lavrentyev str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str., 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Eugenia V Peresypkina
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Division of RAS, Acad. Lavrentyev str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str., 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, http://www.uni-regensburg.de/chemie-pharmazie/anorganische-chemie-scheer/
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16
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Melker A, Fors BP, Hawker CJ, Poelma JE. Continuous flow synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) via a light-mediated controlled radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Melker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Brett P. Fors
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Justin E. Poelma
- Materials Research Laboratory; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
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17
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The carbazole-bound ferrocenium salt as a specific cationic photoinitiator upon near-UV and visible LEDs (365–405 nm). Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Mokbel H, Toufaily J, Hamieh T, Dumur F, Campolo D, Gigmes D, Pierre Fouassier J, Ortyl J, Lalevée J. Specific cationic photoinitiators for near UV and visible LEDs: Iodonium versus ferrocenium structures. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifaa Mokbel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri; Hadath, Beyrouth Liban
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri; Hadath, Beyrouth Liban
| | - Tayssir Hamieh
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST, Université Libanaise, Campus Hariri; Hadath, Beyrouth Liban
| | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Damien Campolo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR; UMR 7273 F-13397 Marseille France
| | | | - Joanna Ortyl
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Cracow University of Technology; Warszawska 24 Cracow 31-155 Poland, and Photo HiTech Ltd. bobrzynskiego 14, Cracow 30-348, Poland
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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19
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Wang YH, Wan P. Ketoprofen as a photoinitiator for anionic polymerization. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:1120-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00454j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new photoinitiating system for anionic polymerization of acrylates through the efficient photodecarboxylation of Ketoprofen is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Box 3065
- University of Victoria
- Victoria
- Canada
| | - Peter Wan
- Department of Chemistry
- Box 3065
- University of Victoria
- Victoria
- Canada
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20
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Ward J, Al-Alul S, Harrypersad S, Foucher DA. Synthesis and characterization of a polyferrocenyldistannane. CAN J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2013-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The distannyl-bridged poly bis(dimethylstannyl)ferrocene, 5, was synthesized through either the metal-catalyzed intermolecular dehydrogenative condensation of the bis(dimethylstannyl)ferrocene, 6, or the ring-opening polymerization of the distannane-bridged [2]ferrocenophane, 7. Both polymerization strategies yielded compounds displaying NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn) evidence for a distannane bridged polymer. A modest moderate molecular weight (GPC; Mw = 9.5 × 104 Da, PDI = 1.76) was found for polymer 5 prepared by dehydrogenative condensation. Polymer 5 displayed electronic communication (≈ 0.2 V) between neighbouring iron centers, similar to those reported for monobridged ferrocenyl stannane polymers. Polymer 5 was further characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and modeled with the related distannyl-8 and tristannyl-9 bisferrocenes using DFT at the SDD level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ward
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Saif Al-Alul
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Shane Harrypersad
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Daniel A. Foucher
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
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21
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Coulembier O, Moins S, Todd R, Dubois P. External and Reversible CO2 Regulation of Ring-Opening Polymerizations Based on a Primary Alcohol Propagating Species. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4024944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Coulembier
- Center of Innovation and Research
in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite
Materials, University of Mons - UMONS, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Moins
- Center of Innovation and Research
in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite
Materials, University of Mons - UMONS, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Richard Todd
- Center of Innovation and Research
in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite
Materials, University of Mons - UMONS, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Center of Innovation and Research
in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite
Materials, University of Mons - UMONS, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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22
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Erhard M, Lam K, Haddow M, Whittell GR, Geiger WE, Manners I. Polyferrocenylsilane homopolymers and diblock copolymers with pendant ruthenocenyl groups by photocontrolled ring-opening polymerisation. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01232h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS,
U.K
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24
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Ushakov NV, Finkelshtein ES. Polymerization of silicon–carbon heterocycles. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n03abeh004323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Leibfarth FA, Mattson KM, Fors BP, Collins HA, Hawker CJ. Externe Regulation kontrollierter Polymerisationen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Leibfarth FA, Mattson KM, Fors BP, Collins HA, Hawker CJ. External Regulation of Controlled Polymerizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:199-210. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Xu C, Wang ZQ, Li Z, Wang WZ, Hao XQ, Fu WJ, Gong JF, Ji BM, Song MP. 1,3-Diphosphorus Ylide Cyclopentadienylium Salts: Synthesis, Structures, and Application in Coupling Reactions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om201267q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471022, People's
Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471022, People's
Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's
Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471022, People's
Republic of China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's
Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jun Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471022, People's
Republic of China
| | - Jun-Fang Gong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's
Republic of China
| | - Bao-Ming Ji
- College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471022, People's
Republic of China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's
Republic of China
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28
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Chabanne L, Matas I, Patra SK, Manners I. Organic-metalloblock copolymers via photocontrolled living anionic ring-opening polymerization. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Matas I, Whittell GR, Partridge BM, Holland JP, Haddow MF, Green JC, Manners I. Synthesis, electronic structure, and reactivity of strained nickel-, palladium-, and platinum-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:13279-89. [PMID: 20812743 DOI: 10.1021/ja103367e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The group 10 bis(phosphine)metalla[1]ferrocenophanes, [{Fe(η(5)-C(5)H(4))(2)}M(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] [M = Ni (4a), Pd (4b), and Pt (4c)], have been prepared by the reaction of Li(2)[Fe(η(5)-C(5)H(4))(2)]·tmeda (5, tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) with trans-[MCl(2)(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] [M = Ni (trans-6a) and Pd (trans-6b)] and cis-[PtCl(2)(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] (cis-6c), respectively. Single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed highly tilted, strained structures as characterized by α angles of 28.4° (4a), 24.5° (4b), and 25.2° (4c) and a distorted square planar environment for the group 10 metal center. UV/visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry indicated that all three compounds had smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps and were more electron-rich in nature than ferrocene and other comparable [1]ferrocenophanes. DFT calculations suggested that these differences were principally due to the electron-releasing nature of the M(Pn-Bu(3))(2) metal-ligand fragments. Attempts to induce thermal or anionic ring-opening polymerization of 4a-c were unsuccessful and were complicated by, for example, competing ligand dissociation processes or unfavorable chain propagation. In contrast, these species all reacted rapidly with acids effecting clean extrusion of the bis(phosphine)metal fragment. Carbon monoxide inserted cleanly into one of the palladium-carbon bonds of 4b to afford the ring-expanded, acylated product [{Fe(η(5)-C(5)H(4))(η(5)-C(5)H(4))(CO)}Pd(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] (10). The nickel analogue 4a, however, afforded [Ni(CO)(2)(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] whereas the platinum-bridged complex 4c was inert. Remarkably, all compounds 4a-c were readily oxidized by elemental sulfur to afford the [5,5']bicyclopentadienylidene (pentafulvalene) complexes [{η(4):η(0)-C(5)H(4)(C(5)H(4))}M(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] [M = Ni (11a)] and [(η(2)-C(10)H(8))M(Pn-Bu(3))(2)] [M = Pd (11b) and Pt (11c)] by a formal 4-electron oxidation of the carbocyclic ligands. Compounds 11b and 11c represent the first examples of [5,5']bicyclopentadienylidene as a neutral η(2)-ligand. The relative energies of η(2)-coordination with respect to that of η(4):η(0) bonding were investigated for 11a-c by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Matas
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
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30
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Yagci Y, Jockusch S, Turro NJ. Photoinitiated Polymerization: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1007545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 956] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Yagci
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
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31
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Lund CL, Bagh B, Quail JW, Müller J. Insertion of [Pt(PEt3)2] into a Strained Si−C Bond of Diphenylsila[1]molybdarenophane. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100099f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Patra S, Whittell G, Nagiah S, Ho CL, Wong WY, Manners I. Photocontrolled Living Anionic Polymerization of Phosphorus-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes: A Route to Well-Defined Polyferrocenylphosphine (PFP) Homopolymers and Block Copolymers. Chemistry 2010; 16:3240-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Polycarbosilanes Based on Silicon-Carbon Cyclic Monomers. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2009_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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34
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Smith GS, Patra SK, Vanderark L, Saithong S, Charmant JPH, Manners I. Photocontrolled Living Anionic Polymerization of Silicon-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes with Fluorinated Substituents: Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorinated Polyferrocenylsilane (PFS) Homopolymers and Block Copolymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200900395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Wang X, McHale R. Metal-Containing Polymers: Building Blocks for Functional (Nano)Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 31:331-50. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200900558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Herbert DE, Gilroy JB, Chan WY, Chabanne L, Staubitz A, Lough AJ, Manners I. Redox-Active Metallomacrocycles and Cyclic Metallopolymers: Photocontrolled Ring-Opening Oligomerization and Polymerization of Silicon-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes Using Substitutionally-Labile Lewis Bases as Initiators. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:14958-68. [DOI: 10.1021/ja904928c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Herbert
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Wing Yan Chan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Laurent Chabanne
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Anne Staubitz
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Alan J. Lough
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, England, BS8 1TS Department of Chemistry, X-ray Crystallography, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
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37
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Wurm F, Hilf S, Frey H. Electroactive Linear-Hyperbranched Block Copolymers Based on Linear Poly(ferrocenylsilane)s and Hyperbranched Poly(carbosilane)s. Chemistry 2009; 15:9068-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Boisselier E, Chan Kam Shun A, Ruiz J, Cloutet E, Belin C, Astruc D. Ferrocenyl dendronized polymers. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b819604d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Astruc D. Electron-reservoir complexes and other redox-robust reagents: functions and applications. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b903188j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Strained Metallocenophanes with Late Transition Metals in the Bridge: Syntheses and Structures of Nickel- and Platinum-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Whittell G, Partridge B, Presly O, Adams C, Manners I. Strained Metallocenophanes with Late Transition Metals in the Bridge: Syntheses and Structures of Nickel- and Platinum-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:4354-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Mayer UFJ, Charmant JPH, Rae J, Manners I. Synthesis and Structures of Strained, Neutral [d7] and Cationic [d6] Hydrocarbon-Bridged [n]Cobaltocenophanes (n = 2, 3). Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om700941v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich F. J. Mayer
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | | | - James Rae
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
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43
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Herbert DE, Tanabe M, Bourke SC, Lough AJ, Manners I. Strain-Controlled, Photochemically, or Thermally Promoted Haptotropic Shifts of Cyclopentadienyl Ligands in Group 8 Metallocenophanes. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:4166-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ja077334+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Ieong NS, Manners I. Photoinduced iron–cyclopentadienyl (Fe–Cp) bond cleavage reactions and photocontrolled polymerizations of strained [1]ferrocenophanes. J Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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45
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Ieong N, Chan W, Lough A, Haddow M, Manners I. Photoinduced FeCp Bond Cleavage and Insertion Reactions of Strained Silicon- and Sulphur-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes in the Presence of Transition-Metal Carbonyls. Chemistry 2008; 14:1253-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Chan W, Lough A, Manners I. Organometallic Macrocycles and Cyclic Polymers by the Bipyridine-Initiated Photolytic Ring Opening of a Silicon-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:9069-72. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Chan W, Lough A, Manners I. Organometallic Macrocycles and Cyclic Polymers by the Bipyridine-Initiated Photolytic Ring Opening of a Silicon-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Wang Z, Masson G, Peiris F, Ozin G, Manners I. Living Photolytic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Amino-Functionalized [1]Ferrocenophanes: Synthesis and Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Well-Defined Water-Soluble Polyferrocenylsilane Polyelectrolytes. Chemistry 2007; 13:9372-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Chadha P, Dutton JL, Sgro MJ, Ragogna PJ. Synthesis of Neutral Mixed Sandwich CH2-SiR2 Bridged [2]Cobaltoarenophanes from the Dilithiation of Cb*CoCp [Co(η4-C4Me4)(η5-C5H5)]. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om700900e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Chadha
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jason L. Dutton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Michael J. Sgro
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Paul J. Ragogna
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
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50
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Chan WY, Lough AJ, Manners I. Photoreactivity and Photopolymerization of Silicon-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes in the Presence of Terpyridine Initiators: Unprecedented Cleavage of Both Iron–Cyclopentadienyl Bonds in the Presence of Chlorosilanes. Chemistry 2007; 13:8867-76. [PMID: 17654755 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The photopolymerisation of sila[1]ferrocenophane [Fe(eta-C5H4)2SiMe2] (3) with 4,4',4''-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (tBu3terpy) as initiator has been explored. High-molecular-weight polyferrocenylsilane (PFS) [{Fe(eta-C5H4)2SiMe2}n] (5) was formed in high yield when a stoichiometric amount of tBu3terpy was used at 5 degrees C. Photopolymerisation of ferrocenophane 3 at higher temperatures gave PFS 5 in lower yield and with a reduced molecular weight as a result of a slower propagation rate. Remarkably, when Me3SiCl was added as a capping agent before photopolymerisation, subsequent photolysis of the reaction mixture resulted in the unprecedented cleavage of both iron-Cp bonds in ferrocenophane 3: iron(II) complex [Fe(tBu3terpy)2Cl2] (7Cl) was formed and the silane fragment (C5H4SiMe3)2SiMe2 (8) was released. The iron-Cp bond cleavage reaction also proceeded in ambient light, although longer reaction times were required. In addition, the unexpected cleavage chemistry in the presence of Me3SiCl was found to be applicable to other photoactive ferrocenes such as benzoylferrocene. For benzoylferrocene and ferrocenophane 3, the presence of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) character in their low-energy transitions in the visible region probably facilitates photolytic iron-Cp bond cleavage, but this reactivity is suppressed when the strength of the iron-Cp bond is increased by the presence of electron-donating substituents on the cyclopentadienyl rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Yan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
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