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Jana SK, Som NN, Jha PK. Size-Dependent Fullerenes for Enhanced Interaction of l-Leucine: A Combined DFT and MD Simulations Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:13844-13859. [PMID: 38916256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Fullerene-based biosensors have received great attention due to their unique electronic properties that allow them to transduce electrical signals by accepting electrons from amino acids. Babies with MSUD (maple syrup urine disease) are unable to break down amino acids such as l-leucine, and excess levels of the l-leucine are harmful. Therefore, sensing of l-leucine is foremost required. We aim to investigate the interaction tendencies of size-variable fullerenes (CX; X = 24, 36, 50, and 70) toward l-leucine (LEU) using density functional theory (DFT-D3) and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The C24 fullerene shows the highest affinity of the LEU biomolecule in the gas phase. Smaller fullerenes (C24 and C36) show stronger interactions with leucine due to their higher curvature in water environments. Moreover, recovery times in the ranges of 1010 and 104 s make it a viable candidate for the isolation application of LEU from the biological system. Further, the interaction between LEU and fullerenes is in line with the natural bond order (NBO) analysis, Mulliken charge analysis, quantum theory atom in molecule (QTAIM) analysis, and reduced density gradient (RDG) analysis. At 310 K, employing the explicit water model in classical MD simulations, fullerenes C24 and C36 demonstrate notably elevated binding free energies (-24.946 kJ/mol) in relation to LEU, showcasing their potential as sensors for l-leucine. Here, we demonstrate that the smaller fullerene exhibits a higher potential for l-leucine sensors than the larger fullerene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kanti Jana
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 39002, India
| | - Narayan N Som
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Prafulla K Jha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 39002, India
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Theoretical Investigation of Seven Membered Ring C120X6 (X = H2, F2, Cl2, Br2, O, O2, and CH2) Fullerene Derivatives. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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3
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Khamatgalimov AR, Yakupova LI, Kovalenko VI. Features of molecular structure of small non-IPR fullerenes: the two isomers of C50. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Freisetzung der Spannung kondensierter Fünfringe des Fullerenkäfigs durch chemische Funktionalisierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Guan R, Chen M, Jin F, Yang S. Strain Release of Fused Pentagons in Fullerene Cages by Chemical Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1048-1073. [PMID: 30884036 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
According to the isolated pentagon rule (IPR), for stable fullerenes, the 12 pentagons should be isolated from one another by hexagons, otherwise the fused pentagons will result in an increase in the local steric strain of the fullerene cage. However, the successful isolation of more than 100 endohedral and exohedral fullerenes containing fused pentagons over the past 20 years has shown that strain release of fused pentagons in fullerene cages is feasible. Herein, we present a general overview on fused-pentagon-containing (i.e. non-IPR) fullerenes through an exhaustive review of all the types of fused-pentagon-containing fullerenes reported to date. We clarify how the strain of fused pentagons can be released in different manners, and provide an in-depth understanding of the role of fused pentagons in the stability, electronic properties, and chemical reactivity of fullerene cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runnan Guan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Muqing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Fei Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230026, China
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Size and shape effects on complexes of fullerenes with carbon nanorings: C50 and C76 as [10]CPP and [6]CPPA guests. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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7
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Liu S, Gao FW, Xu HL, Su ZM. Transition metals doped fullerenes: structures – NLO property relationships. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1538540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Wei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Liang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Li-Decorated Fullerenes: A DFT Study. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Miralrio A, Sansores LE, King B, Muñoz-Castro A. C50Cl10, a planar aromatic fullerene. Computational study of 13C-NMR chemical shift anisotropy patterns and aromatic properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26325-26332. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04938f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The structural characterization of D5h-C50Cl10 as an IPR-violating fullerene provides an interesting case of an oblate structure displaying a planar-aromatic character provided by the face-to-face disposition of two IPR structural motifs, as unraveled by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Miralrio
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- DEPg. Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- UNAM
- Ciudad de México 04510
| | - Luis E. Sansores
- Departamento de Materiales de Baja Dimensionalidad
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales
- UNAM
- Ciudad de México 04510
- Mexico
| | - Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares
- Universidad Autonoma de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
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10
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Zhang F. Comparative theoretical study of three C 56 fullerenes, their chlorinated derivatives, and chlorofullerene oxides. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Liang H, Yang ZY, Yan MH, Xie SY. Electroactive Polymerization Behaviors of Fused-Pentagon Chlorofullerenes: #1809C60Cl8 and #271C50Cl10. J CLUST SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-017-1286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Muñoz-Castro A. The shielding cone in spherical aromatic structures: insights from models for spherical 2(N + 1)2 aromatic fullerenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12633-12636. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01870c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The shielding cone in spherical aromatic fullerenes is of long-range character and permits multiple orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares
- Universidad Autonoma de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
- Relativistic Molecular Physics (ReMoPh) Group
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Naderi F. Structures and electronic properties of C12Si8X8 (X = H, F, and Cl). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024416070220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Farmanzade D, Tabari L. Characterization of the fullerene end-functionalized ZnO nanotube: A computational study. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633616500310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The electronic and field emission properties of the fullerene end-functionalized zinc oxide nanotube (ZnONT) are investigated by density functional theory (DFT) to search for novel field emitter nano material. The interaction energies of ZnONT/fullerenes complexes gradually increase, with increasing the nanotube lengths which indicate that ZnONTs with higher lengths could improve the stability of the complexes. The band gaps of connected construction of fullerene molecules with ZnONTs gradually reduced by increasing the tube length, but were not sensitive to the tubes diameter. It is found that the ionization potentials of ZnONT/fullerenes complexes mainly decrease compared to that of pristine nanotube in the presence of 0, 0.002, 0.004[Formula: see text]a.u. electric field. The reduction of the ionization potential means the enhancement of the field emission properties of ZnONT/fullerenes complexes compared with simple ZnONT and fullerene molecules. The calculations show that the combination of ZnONT with fullerene molecules indeed improves the field emission by controlling the tube size and electric field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Farmanzade
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 47416-95447, I. R. Iran
| | - Leila Tabari
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 47416-95447, I. R. Iran
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Matías AS, Havenith RWA, Alcamí M, Ceulemans A. Is C50 a superaromat? Evidence from electronic structure and ring current calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:11653-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04970a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Of the three lowest isomers of C50 fullerene, the minimal energy D3 isomer comes closest to a spherical aromat or superaromat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanz Matías
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Remco W. A. Havenith
- Theoretical Chemistry
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Alcamí
- Departamento de Química
- Módulo-13
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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16
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Theoretical study on monometallic cyanide cluster fullerenes MCN@C74 (M=Y, Tb). J Mol Model 2015; 21:295. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Meng QY, Wang DL, Xin G, Li TC, Hou DY. Linear monometallic cyanide cluster fullerenes ScCN@C76 and YCN@C76: A theoretical prediction. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Schwerdtfeger P, Wirz LN, Avery J. The topology of fullerenes. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2014; 5:96-145. [PMID: 25678935 PMCID: PMC4313690 DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fullerenes are carbon molecules that form polyhedral cages. Their bond structures are exactly the planar cubic graphs that have only pentagon and hexagon faces. Strikingly, a number of chemical properties of a fullerene can be derived from its graph structure. A rich mathematics of cubic planar graphs and fullerene graphs has grown since they were studied by Goldberg, Coxeter, and others in the early 20th century, and many mathematical properties of fullerenes have found simple and beautiful solutions. Yet many interesting chemical and mathematical problems in the field remain open. In this paper, we present a general overview of recent topological and graph theoretical developments in fullerene research over the past two decades, describing both solved and open problems. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2015, 5:96-145. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1207 Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schwerdtfeger
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University Auckland Auckland, New Zealand ; Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Marburg, Germany
| | - Lukas N Wirz
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James Avery
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
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A study of the aromaticity of the heterofullerene C30X6 and C24X12 (X = B, N) analogs. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-013-1117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tang SW, Wang FD, Li YH, Wang F, Yang SB, Sun H, Chang YF, Wang RS. From pure C₃₆ fullerene to cagelike nanocluster: a density functional study. J Mol Model 2013; 19:5579-86. [PMID: 24257902 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-2039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The geometrical structures, energetics properties, and aromaticity of C(₃₆-n) Si(n) (n ≤ 18) fullerene-based clusters were studied using density functional theory calculations. The geometries of C(₃₆-n) Si(n) clusters undergo strong structural deformation with the increase of Si substitution. For the most energy favorable structures of C(₃₆-n) Si(n) , the silicon and carbon atoms form two distinct homogeneous segregations. Subsequently, the binding energy, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, vertical ionization potential, vertical electron affinity, and chemical hardness for the energetic favorable C(₃₆-n) Si(n) geometries were computed and analyzed. In addition, the aromatic property of C(₃₆-n) Si(n) cagelike clusters was investigated, and the result demonstrate that these C(₃₆-n) Si(n) cagelike structures possess strong aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Tang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
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Wang LJ, Sun SL, Zhong RL, Liu Y, Wang DL, Wu HQ, Xu HL, Pan XM, Su ZM. The encapsulated lithium effect of Li@C60Cl8 remarkably enhances the static first hyperpolarizability. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40909k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Tang SW, Wang FD, Zhang NN, Chang YF, Sun H, Zhang JP, Xie HM, Qiu YQ, Wang RS. Electronic structures and optical properties of the IPR-violating C60X8 (X = H, F, and Cl) fullerene compounds: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:16476-85. [PMID: 23131708 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42134h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimulated by the preparation and characterization of the isolated pentagon rule (IPR) violating chlorofullerene: C(60)Cl(8) (Nat. Mater. 2008, 7, 790-794), we have performed a systematic investigation on the structural stabilities, electronic and optical properties of the IPR-violating C(60)X(8) (X = H, F, and Cl) fullerene compounds via density functional theory. The large energy gaps between the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals provide a clear indication of high chemical stabilities of C(60)X(8) derivatives, and moreover, the C(60)X(8) molecules present great aromatic character with the negative nucleus independent chemical shift values. In the addition reactions of C(60) (C(2v)) + 4X(2) → C(60)X(8), a series of exothermic processes are involved, with high reaction energies ranging from -71.97 to -233.16 kcal mol(-1). An investigation on the electronic property shows that C(60)F(8) and C(60)Cl(8) could be excellent electron acceptors as a consequence of large vertical electron affinities. The density of state analysis suggests that the frontier molecular orbitals of C(60)X(8) are mainly from the carbon orbitals of two separate annulene subunits, and the influence from X atoms is secondary. In addition, the ultraviolet-visible spectra and second-order hyperpolarizabilities of C(60)X(8) are calculated by means of time-dependent density functional theory and a finite field approach, respectively. Both the average static linear polarizability <α> and second-order hyperpolarizability <γ> of C(60)X(8) increase greatly compared to those of C(60).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Tang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
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Ravinder P, Subramanian V. Role of Encapsulation of Na+ and F– Ions on the Diels–Alder Reactivity of C32. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6870-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3015244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Ravinder
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - V. Subramanian
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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Wang DL, Xu HL, Su ZM, Muhammad S, Hou DY. Probing the chemical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with multiple carbon ad-dimer defects. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:1232-9. [PMID: 22302701 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Drying-tube-shaped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with multiple carbon ad-dimer (CD) defects are obtained from armchair (n,n,m) SWCNTs (n=4, 5, 6, 7, 8; m=7, 13). According to the isolated-pentagon rule (IPR) the drying-tube-shaped SWCNTs are unstable non-IPR species, and their hydrogenated, fluorinated, and chlorinated derivatives are investigated. Interestingly, chemisorptions of hydrogen, fluorine, and chlorine atoms on the drying tube-shaped SWCNTs are exothermic processes. Compared to the reaction energies for binding of H, F, and Cl atoms to perfect and Stone-Wales-defective armchair (5,5) nanotubes, binding of F with the multiply CD defective SWCNTs is stronger than with perfect and Stone-Wales-defective nanotubes. The reaction energy for per F(2) addition is between 85 and 88 kcal mol(-1) more negative than that per H(2) addition. Electronic structure analysis of their energy gaps shows that the CD defects have a tendency to decrease the energy gap from 1.98-2.52 to 0.80-1.17 eV. After hydrogenation, fluorination, and chlorination, the energy gaps of the drying-tube-shaped SWCNTs with multiple CD defects are substantially increased to 1.65-3.85 eV. Furthermore, analyses of thermodynamic stability and nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) are performed to analyze the stability of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Lai Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, P. R. China
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Gan LH, Chang Q, Xu L, Huang XL, Shu CY, Wang CR. An anti-aromatic isomer of fullerene C60 violating the pentagon adjacent penalty rule. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen JH, Gao ZY, Weng QH, Jiang WS, He Q, Liang H, Deng LL, Xie SL, Huang HY, Lu X, Xie SY, Shi K, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Combustion Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of the Small Hydrofullerene C50H10. Chemistry 2012; 18:3408-15. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang DL, Xu HL, Su ZM, Xin G. Endohedral metallofullerene Sc3NC@C84: a theoretical prediction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15099-105. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42669b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Wang DL, Xu HL, Su ZM, Hou DY. Ab initio and density functional study on fullerene C44 and its derivatives. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Bihlmeier A. Derivatives and dimers of C50-D5h and C50-D3: A comparison of two closely related but quite differently behaving fullerenes. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:044310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3615502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Gan LH, An J, Pan FS, Chang Q, Liu ZH, Tao CY. Geometrical and Electronic Rules in Fullerene-Based Compounds. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1304-14. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Gao LX, Gan LH, An J, Pan FS. A theoretical investigation on the structures and stabilities of C60X18 and C70X10 (X = H, F, Cl, and Br). Struct Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-011-9744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bai H, Du R, Qiao W, Huang Y. Structures, stabilities and electronic properties of C50 dimers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Ziegler K, Mueller A, Amsharov KY, Jansen M. Disclosure of the Elusive C2v-C72 Carbon Cage. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:17099-101. [DOI: 10.1021/ja108470p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Ziegler
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Mueller
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Konstantin Yu. Amsharov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Jansen
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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41
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Thermochemical stabilities, electronic structures, and optical properties of C56X10 (X = H, F, and Cl) fullerene compounds. J Comput Chem 2010; 32:658-67. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Tan YZ, Li J, Zhou T, Feng YQ, Lin SC, Lu X, Zhan ZP, Xie SY, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Pentagon-Fused Hollow Fullerene in C78 Family Retrieved by Chlorination. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12648-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja102887t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shui-Chao Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhuang-Ping Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Su-Yuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Rong-Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China, and Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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43
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Tang SW, Feng JD, Qiu YQ, Sun H, Wang FD, Chang YF, Wang RS. Electronic structures and nonlinear optical properties of highly deformed halofullerenes C3v C60F18 and D3d C60Cl30. J Comput Chem 2010; 31:2650-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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44
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Gan LH, Zhao JQ, Hui Q. Nonclassical fullerenes with a heptagon violating the pentagon adjacency penalty rule. J Comput Chem 2010; 31:1715-21. [PMID: 20082391 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nonclassical fullerenes with heptagon(s) and their derivatives have attracted increasing attention, and the studies on them are performing to enrich the chemistry of carbon. Density functional theory calculations are performed on nonclassical fullerenes C(n) (n = 46, 48, 50, and 52) to give insight into their structures and stability. The calculated results demonstrate that the classical isomers generally satisfy the pentagon adjacency penalty rule. However, the nonclassical isomers with a heptagon are more energetically favorable than the classical ones with the same number of pentagon-pentagon bonds (B(55) bonds), and many of them are even more stable than some classical isomers with fewer B(55) bonds. The nonclassical isomers with the lowest energy are higher in energy than the classical ones with the lowest energy, because they have more B(55) bonds. Generally, the HOMO-LUMO gaps of the former are larger than those of the latter. The sphericity and asphericity are unable to rationalize the unique stability of the nonclassical fullerenes with a heptagon. The pyramidization angles of the vertices shared by two pentagons and one heptagon are smaller than those of the vertices shared by two pentagons and one hexagon. It is concluded that the strain in the fused pentagons can be released by the adjacent heptagons partly, and consequently, it is a common phenomenon for nonclassical fullerenes to violate the pentagon adjacent penalty rule. These findings are heuristic and conducive to search energetically favorable isomers of C(n), especially as n is 62, 64, 66, and 68, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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45
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An J, Gan LH, Zhao JQ, Li R. A global search for the lowest energy isomer of C(26). J Chem Phys 2010; 132:154304. [PMID: 20423178 DOI: 10.1063/1.3364801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete set of 2333 isomers of C(26) fullerene composed of square, pentagonal, hexagonal, and heptagonal faces together with some noncage structures is investigated at the Hartree-Fock and density functional theory (DFT) levels. For the singlet states, a nonclassical isomer C(26)-10-01 with a square embedded is predicted by the DFT method as the lowest energy isomer, followed by the sole classical isomer C(26)-00-01. Further explorations reveal that the electronic ground state of C(26)-10-01 is triplet state in C(s) symmetry, while that of C(26)-00-01 corresponds to its quintet in D(3h) symmetry. Both the total energies and nucleus independent chemical shift values at DFT level favor the classical isomer. It is found that both C(26)-00-01 and C(26)-10-01 possess high vertical electron affinity. The addition of electron(s) to C(26)-10-01 increases its aromatic character and encapsulation of Li atom into this cage is highly exothermic, indicating that it may be captured in the form of derivatives. To clarify the relative stabilities at elevated temperatures, the entropy contributions are taken into account based on the Gibbs free energy at the B3LYP/6-311+G( *) level. C(26)-10-01 behaves thermodynamically more stable than the classical isomer over a wide range of temperatures related to fullerene formation. The IR spectra of these two lowest energy isomers are simulated to facilitate their experimental identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400715 China
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46
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Structural stability and electronic property of C68X4 (X=H, F, and Cl) fullerene compounds. J Mol Graph Model 2010; 28:891-8. [PMID: 20430661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 03/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study on the geometrical structures and electronic properties of C(68)X(4) (X=H, F, and Cl) fullerene compounds has been carried out on the basis of density functional theory. In all classical C(68)X(4) isomers with two adjacent pentagons and one quasifullerene isomer [C(s):C(68)(f)] containing a heptagon in the framework, the C(s):0064 isomers are most favorable in energy. The addition reaction energies of C(68)X(4) (C(s):0064) are high exothermic, and C(68)F(4) is more thermodynamically accessible. The C(68)X(4) (C(s):0064) possess strong aromatic character, with nucleus independent chemical shifts ranging from -22.0 to -26.1 ppm. Further investigations on electronic properties indicate that C(68)F(4) and C(68)Cl(4) could be excellent electron-acceptors for potential photonic/photovoltaic applications in consequence of their large vertical electron affinities (3.29 and 3.15 eV, respectively). The Mulliken charge populations and partial density of states are also calculated, which show that decorating C(68) fullerene with various X atoms will cause remarkably different charge distributions in C(68)X(4) (C(s):0064) and affect their electronic properties distinctly. Finally, the infrared spectra of the most stable C(68)X(4) (C(s):0064) molecules are simulated to assist further experimental characterization.
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Xu L, Shao X, Cai W. Electronic structures, stabilities, and spectroscopies of the fullerene derivatives C68X4 (X=H, F, Cl). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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48
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Löffler D, Ulas S, Jester SS, Weis P, Böttcher A, Kappes MM. Properties of non-IPR fullerene films versus size of the building blocks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10671-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00137f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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49
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50
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Xu X, Shang Z, Li R, Cai Z, Zhao X. From the molecular behaviors of fullerene derivatives C50X2 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, OH) to the general parallels among isostructural derivatives of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:8560-9. [PMID: 19774288 DOI: 10.1039/b907688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic investigation of all possible isomers of fullerene derivatives C50X2 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, OH) has been performed using the semiempirical AM1 method. The equilibrium geometrical structures, heats of formation, HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, ionization potentials, electronic affinities, strain and aromaticity have been studied. The results indicate that the selection rule for two groups adding to fullerene C50 is independent of the type of functional group. The isomer-78, which corresponds to a 1,4-addition at the six-membered ring located on the equator, is the most stable isomer for C50X2 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, OH). The driving force governing the stabilities of the presently studied C50X2 isomers is the strain inherent in the C50 cage. The contribution of the conjugation effect to the stabilization is not able to compete with that of the strain. The more stable C50X2 isomers have larger ionization potentials and smaller electronic affinities compared with C50, which suggests that it is more difficult to oxidize and reduce C50X2 than to oxidize and reduce C50. Energies as well as HOMO-LUMO gaps of isostructural C50X2 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, OH) isomers are almost parallel, i.e., energy differences between isostructural isomers of any two kinds of C50X2 derivatives are constant. This phenomenon can be called H/F/Cl/Br/OH parallels, which may result from the same degree of perturbation for addition of different functional groups to the structure of the parent carbon cage. H/F parallels are generalized characteristics among not only isostructural isomers of fullerenes but also isostructural isomers of carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, it is predictable that general H/F/Cl/Br/OH... parallels may exist among various derivatives of other fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
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