1
|
Geng L, Cui C, Yin B, Zhang H, Jia Y, Luo Z. Co 12C 12--metallo-carbospherenes: a new class of magic clusters for hydrogen storage. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:2280-2284. [PMID: 36546217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Geng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chaonan Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Baoqi Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuhan Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhixun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Geng L, Luo Z. Co<sub>12</sub>C<sub>12</sub><sup>‒</sup>——Metallo-carbospherenes: A new class of magic clusters for hydrogen storage. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
3
|
Gong X, Çağlayan M, Ye Y, Liu K, Gascon J, Dutta Chowdhury A. First-Generation Organic Reaction Intermediates in Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14275-14345. [PMID: 35947790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite chemistry and catalysis are expected to play a decisive role in the next decade(s) to build a more decentralized renewable feedstock-dependent sustainable society owing to the increased scrutiny over carbon emissions. Therefore, the lack of fundamental and mechanistic understanding of these processes is a critical "technical bottleneck" that must be eliminated to maximize economic value and minimize waste. We have identified, considering this objective, that the chemistry related to the first-generation reaction intermediates (i.e., carbocations, radicals, carbenes, ketenes, and carbanions) in zeolite chemistry and catalysis is highly underdeveloped or undervalued compared to other catalysis streams (e.g., homogeneous catalysis). This limitation can often be attributed to the technological restrictions to detect such "short-lived and highly reactive" intermediates at the interface (gas-solid/solid-liquid); however, the recent rise of sophisticated spectroscopic/analytical techniques (including under in situ/operando conditions) and modern data analysis methods collectively compete to unravel the impact of these organic intermediates. This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art first-generation organic reaction intermediates in zeolite chemistry and catalysis and evaluates their existing challenges and future prospects, to contribute significantly to the "circular carbon economy" initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Mustafa Çağlayan
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiru Ye
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agrawal K, Roldan A, Kishore N, Logsdail AJ. Hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol over orthorhombic molybdenum carbide: a DFT and microkinetic study. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01273h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol is modelled over a (100) β-Mo2C surface using density functional theory and microkinetic simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kushagra Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - Alberto Roldan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - Nanda Kishore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Andrew J. Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Insights on alkylidene formation on Mo2C: A potential overlap between direct deoxygenation and olefin metathesis. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
6
|
Perret N, Lamey D, Kiwi-Minsker L, Cárdenas-Lizana F, Keane MA. New insights into the effect of nitrogen incorporation in Mo: catalytic hydrogenation vs. hydrogenolysis. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00216b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nitrogen into bulk Mo has a contrasting effect on hydrogenation (nitrobenzene) and hydrogenolysis (benzaldehyde) processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Perret
- Chemical Engineering
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences
- Heriot Watt University
- Edinburgh EH14 4AS
- UK
| | - Daniel Lamey
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (GGRC-ISIC-EPFL)
- Lausanne CH-1015
- Switzerland
| | - Lioubov Kiwi-Minsker
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (GGRC-ISIC-EPFL)
- Lausanne CH-1015
- Switzerland
- Tver State University
- Tver
| | - Fernando Cárdenas-Lizana
- Chemical Engineering
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences
- Heriot Watt University
- Edinburgh EH14 4AS
- UK
| | - Mark A. Keane
- Chemical Engineering
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences
- Heriot Watt University
- Edinburgh EH14 4AS
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Preliminary study of the surface reactivity of 2D α-Mo 2
C crystallites. CAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
8
|
Dai T, Li C, Li L, Zhao ZK, Zhang B, Cong Y, Wang A. Selective Production of Renewable para-Xylene by Tungsten Carbide Catalyzed Atom-Economic Cascade Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1808-1812. [PMID: 29316102 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tungsten carbide was employed as the catalyst in an atom-economic and renewable synthesis of para-xylene with excellent selectivity and yield from 4-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carbonylaldehyde (4-MCHCA). This intermediate is the product of the Diels-Alder reaction between the two readily available bio-based building blocks acrolein and isoprene. Our results suggest that 4-MCHCA undergoes a novel dehydroaromatization-hydrodeoxygenation cascade process by intramolecular hydrogen transfer that does not involve an external hydrogen source, and that the hydrodeoxygenation occurs through the direct dissociation of the C=O bond on the W2 C surface. Notably, this process is readily applicable to the synthesis of various (multi)methylated arenes from bio-based building blocks, thus potentially providing a petroleum-independent solution to valuable aromatic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Changzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dai T, Li C, Li L, Zhao ZK, Zhang B, Cong Y, Wang A. Selective Production of Renewable para
-Xylene by Tungsten Carbide Catalyzed Atom-Economic Cascade Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Changzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kovács I, Farkas AP, Szitás Á, Kónya Z, Kiss J. Adsorption, polymerization and decomposition of acetaldehyde on clean and carbon-covered Rh(111) surfaces. SURFACE SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Engelhardt J, Lyu P, Nachtigall P, Schüth F, García ÁM. The Influence of Water on the Performance of Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts in Hydrodeoxygenation Reactions: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Engelhardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 D-45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Pengbo Lyu
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 Prague 2 12840 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigall
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 Prague 2 12840 Czech Republic
| | - Ferdi Schüth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 D-45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Ángel Morales García
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 Prague 2 12840 Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhukhovitskiy AV, MacLeod MJ, Johnson JA. Carbene Ligands in Surface Chemistry: From Stabilization of Discrete Elemental Allotropes to Modification of Nanoscale and Bulk Substrates. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11503-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr V. Zhukhovitskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michelle J. MacLeod
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiong K, Yu W, Vlachos DG, Chen JG. Reaction Pathways of Biomass‐Derived Oxygenates over Metals and Carbides: From Model Surfaces to Supported Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201403067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiong
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716 (USA)
| | - Weiting Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027 (USA)
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716 (USA)
| | - Jingguang G. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dubuc N, McBreen PH. Surface Science Studies of Selective Deoxygenation on Bulk Molybdenum Carbide. Top Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-015-0364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Temprano I, Goubert G, Behan G, Zhang H, McBreen PH. Spectroscopic and structural characterization of the formation of olefin metathesis initiating sites on unsupported β-Mo2C. Catal Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cy00180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Li X, Guan J, Zheng A, Zhou D, Han X, Zhang W, Bao X. DFT studies on the reaction mechanism of cross-metathesis of ethylene and 2-butylene to propylene over heterogeneous Mo/HBeta catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
17
|
Direct observation of reaction intermediates for a well defined heterogeneous alkene metathesis catalyst. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:12123-7. [PMID: 18723685 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0802147105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grafting of [W([triple bond]NAr)(=CHtBu)(2,5-Me(2)NC(4)H(2))(2)] on a silica partially dehydroxylated at 700 degrees C (SiO(2- (700))) generates the corresponding monosiloxy complex [([triple bond]SiO)W([triple bond]NAr)(=CHtBu)(2,5-Me(2)NC(4)H(2))] as the major species (approximately 90%) along with [([triple bond]SiO)W([triple bond]NAr)(CH(2)tBu)(2,5-Me(2)NC(4)H(2))(2)], according to mass balance analysis, IR, and NMR studies. This heterogeneous catalyst displays good activity and stability in the metathesis of propene. Very importantly, solid state NMR spectroscopy allows observation of the propagating alkylidene as well as stable metallacyclobutane intermediates. These species have the same reactivity as the initial surface complex [([triple bond]SiO)W([triple bond]NAr)(=CHtBu)(2,5-Me(2)NC(4)H(2))], which shows that they are the key intermediates of alkene metathesis.
Collapse
|
18
|
Siaj M, Temprano I, Dubuc N, McBreen PH. Preparation and olefin-metathesis activity of cyclopentylidene-oxo initiator sites on a molybdenum carbide surface. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2004. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
20
|
Blanc F, Chabanas M, Copéret C, Fenet B, Herdweck E. Reactivity differences between molecular and surface silanols in the preparation of homogeneous and heterogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
Abstract
The known range of chemisorption bonds forms the toolbox for the design of electrical contacts in molecular electronics devices. Double-bond contacts to technologically relevant materials would be attractive for a number of reasons. They are truly single-site, bonding to a single surface atom. They obviate the need for a thiol linkage, and they may be amenable to further modification through olefin-metathesis methodologies. We report olefin-metathesis methods for establishing, varying, and growing thermally stable double-bond contacts to molybdenum carbide, a conducting material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Siaj
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, Québec, PQ, Canada G1K 7P4
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tulevski GS, Myers MB, Hybertsen MS, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C. Formation of Catalytic Metal-Molecule Contacts. Science 2005; 309:591-4. [PMID: 16040702 DOI: 10.1126/science.1112767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new strategy for the in situ growth of molecular wires predicated on the synthesis of a trifunctional "primed" contact formed from metal-carbon multiple bonds. The ruthenium-carbon pi bond provides structural stability to the molecular linkages under ambient conditions, and density functional calculations indicate the formation of an efficient conduit for charge carriers to pass between the metal and the molecule. Moreover, the metal-carbon pi bond provides a chemically reactive site from which a conjugated molecular wire can be grown in situ through an olefin metathesis reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George S Tulevski
- Department of Chemistry and the Nanoscience Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Siaj M, Maltais C, Zahidi EM, Oudghiri-Hassani H, Wang J, Rosei F, McBreen PH. Carbon−Nitrogen Place Exchange on NO Exposed β-Mo2C. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:15376-82. [PMID: 16852950 DOI: 10.1021/jp051776v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Atomic nitrogen and oxygen were deposited on beta-Mo(2)C through dissociative adsorption of NO. Reflectance absorbance infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), thermal desorption, and synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were used to investigate the interplay between atomic nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen in the 400-1250 K region. The combination of the high resolution and high surface sensitivity offered by the synchrotron XPS technique was used to show that atomic nitrogen displaces interstitial carbon onto the carbide surface. Thermal desorption measurements show that the burnoff of the displaced carbon occurs at approximately 890 K. The incorporation of nitrogen into interstitial sites inhibits oxygen dissolution into the bulk. RAIRS spectroscopy was used to identify surface oxo, terminal oxygen, species formed from O(2) and NO on beta-Mo(2)C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Siaj
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, Québec (Qc), Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- Henry H Hwu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology (CCST), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|