1
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Somachandra MS, Averkiev B, Sues PE. Unsymmetric Co-Facial "Salixpyrrole" Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts: Two Metals are Better than One. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13346-13357. [PMID: 38989677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Designing ligand architectures that can mimic enzyme active sites is a promising approach for developing efficient small molecule activation catalysts for sustainable energy applications. Some key design features include chemically distinct binding pockets for multiple metal centers and a three-dimensional structure that controls the positioning of catalytic sites. With these principles in mind, mono- and bimetallic unsymmetric cofacial palladium complexes, 2 and 3, respectively, bearing ligands with calixpyrrole and salen coordination sites, or "salixpyrrole" ligands, are reported. These species were accessed in a straightforward Schiff-base reaction with appreciable yields. In addition, both 2 and 3 were found to be active hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts using para-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate as the proton source. The two salixpyrrole species displayed different mechanisms of action, with 2 showing a second-order dependence on acid concentration, whereas 3 exhibited a first-order dependence. Moreover, the bimetallic catalyst was significantly more efficient, with higher turnover frequencies, 4640 s-1 vs 1680 s-1 for 2, and lower overpotentials, 0.39 V vs 0.69 V for 2. The results reported herein provide proof-of-concept that bimetallic catalysts with chemically distinct binding sites demonstrate enhanced catalytic properties in comparison to monometallic or symmetric analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boris Averkiev
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66503, United States
| | - Peter E Sues
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66503, United States
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2
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Rademaker D, Tanase S, Kang H, Hofmann JP, Hetterscheid DGH. Selective Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide by Confinement of Cobalt Porphyrins in a Metal-Organic Framework. Chemistry 2024:e202401339. [PMID: 38872486 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable alternatives for the energy intensive synthesis of H2O2 are necessary. Molecular cobalt catalysts show potential but are typically restricted by undesired bimolecular pathways leading to the breakdown of both H2O2 and the catalyst. The confinement of cobalt porphyrins in the PCN-224 metal-organic framework leads to an enhanced selectivity towards H2O2 and stability of the catalyst. Consequently, oxygen can now be selectively reduced to hydrogen peroxide with a stable conversion for at least 5 h, illustrating the potential of catalysts confined in MOFs to increase the selectivity and stability of electrocatalytic conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Rademaker
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefania Tanase
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hongrui Kang
- Surface Science Laboratory Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan P Hofmann
- Surface Science Laboratory Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
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3
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Chen LX, Yano J. Deciphering Photoinduced Catalytic Reaction Mechanisms in Natural and Artificial Photosynthetic Systems on Multiple Temporal and Spatial Scales Using X-ray Probes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5421-5469. [PMID: 38663009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Utilization of renewable energies for catalytically generating value-added chemicals is highly desirable in this era of rising energy demands and climate change impacts. Artificial photosynthetic systems or photocatalysts utilize light to convert abundant CO2, H2O, and O2 to fuels, such as carbohydrates and hydrogen, thus converting light energy to storable chemical resources. The emergence of intense X-ray pulses from synchrotrons, ultrafast X-ray pulses from X-ray free electron lasers, and table-top laser-driven sources over the past decades opens new frontiers in deciphering photoinduced catalytic reaction mechanisms on the multiple temporal and spatial scales. Operando X-ray spectroscopic methods offer a new set of electronic transitions in probing the oxidation states, coordinating geometry, and spin states of the metal catalytic center and photosensitizers with unprecedented energy and time resolution. Operando X-ray scattering methods enable previously elusive reaction steps to be characterized on different length scales and time scales. The methodological progress and their application examples collected in this review will offer a glimpse into the accomplishments and current state in deciphering reaction mechanisms for both natural and synthetic systems. Looking forward, there are still many challenges and opportunities at the frontier of catalytic research that will require further advancement of the characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin X Chen
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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4
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Liu X, Liu C, Song X, Ding X, Wang H, Yu B, Liu H, Han B, Li X, Jiang J. Cofacial porphyrin organic cages. Metals regulating excitation electron transfer and CO 2 reduction electrocatalytic properties. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9086-9094. [PMID: 37655043 PMCID: PMC10466316 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01816d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a comprehensive study of the photophysical behaviors and CO2 reduction electrocatalytic properties of a series of cofacial porphyrin organic cages (CPOC-M, M = H2, Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii)), which are constructed by the covalent-bonded self-assembly of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)porphyrin (TFPP) and chiral (2-aminocyclohexyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetraformyl diimide (ANDI), followed by post-synthetic metalation. Electronic coupling between the TFPP donor and naphthalene-1,4 : 5,8-bis(dicarboximide) (NDI) acceptor in the metal-free cage is revealed to be very weak by UV-vis spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical investigations. Photoexcitation of CPOC-H2, as well as its post-synthetic Zn and Co counterparts, leads to fast energy transfer from the triplet state porphyrin to the NDI unit according to the femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic results. In addition, CPOC-Co enables much better electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction reaction than the other metallic CPOC-M (M = Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii)) and monomeric porphyrin cobalt compartment, supplying a partial current density of 18.0 mA cm-2 at -0.90 V with 90% faradaic efficiency of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiaojuan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Xu Ding
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Baoqiu Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Bin Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiyou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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5
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Chowdhury SN, Biswas S, Das S, Biswas AN. Kinetic and mechanistic investigations of dioxygen reduction by a molecular Cu(II) catalyst bearing a pentadentate amidate ligand. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11581-11590. [PMID: 37548356 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02194g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
A pentadentate Cu(II) complex, [CuII(dpaq)](ClO4) (1), featuring a redox active ligand, H-dpaq (H-dpaq = 2-[bis(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)]amino-N-quinolin-8-yl-acetamidate), catalyses four-electron reduction of dioxygen by decamethylferrocene (Fc*) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (CF3COOH) in acetone at 298 K. No catalytic oxygen reduction was observed in the presence of stronger Brønsted acids than CF3COOH, such as perchloric acid (HClO4) or trifluoromethanesulphonic acid (HOTf). In contrast, facile catalytic reduction of O2 occurs by Fc* with 1 and HClO4 or HOTf in dimethylformamide (DMF). The use of CF3COOH as the proton source in DMF results in the suppression of O2 reduction under otherwise identical reaction conditions. While the O2 reduction reactions in DMF are linearly dependent on the pKa of Brønsted acids, the acid dependence on catalytic O2-reduction reactivity by 1 in acetone showed complete reversal. Cyclic voltammetry studies using p-chloranil as the probe substrates in the presence of acids in the solvents reveal that the strengths of the protonic acids increase significantly in acetone compared to that in DMF. The amidate-N in [CuII(dpaq)](ClO4) (1) undergoes protonation in the presence of HClO4 or HOTf in DMF to form [CuII(H-dpaq)]2+ (1-H+), but not in the presence of CF3COOH. Enhanced acid strength of CF3COOH in acetone, however, effectively protonates 1 and triggers O2 reduction. Protonation of 1 with HClO4 or HOTf in acetone results in the change of its coordination environment, and this protonated species does not trigger O2 reduction. Detailed kinetic studies indicate that 1-H+ undergoes reduction by two-electrons and the reduced species binds O2 to form a Cu(II)-superoxo intermediate. This is followed by a rate-determining proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) reduction to generate the Cu(II)-hydroperoxo intermediate. While catalytic O2 reduction in acetone occurs predominantly via a 4e-/4H+ pathway, product selectivity (H2O vs. H2O2) in DMF depends upon the concentration of the reductant (Fc*). While dioxygen reduction to H2O2 is favoured at low [Fc*], mechanistic studies suggest that O2 reduction with high [Fc*] proceeds via a [2e- + 2e-] mechanism, where the released H2O2 during catalysis is further reduced to water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Narayan Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, South Sikkim 737139, India.
| | - Sachidulal Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, South Sikkim 737139, India.
| | - Saikat Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, South Sikkim 737139, India.
| | - Achintesh N Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, South Sikkim 737139, India.
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6
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Fan W, Duan Z, Liu W, Mehmood R, Qu J, Cao Y, Guo X, Zhong J, Zhang F. Rational design of heterogenized molecular phthalocyanine hybrid single-atom electrocatalyst towards two-electron oxygen reduction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1426. [PMID: 36918545 PMCID: PMC10014850 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts supported on solid substrates have inspired extensive interest, but the rational design of high-efficiency single-atom catalysts is still plagued by ambiguous structure determination of active sites and its local support effect. Here, we report hybrid single-atom catalysts by an axial coordination linkage of molecular cobalt phthalocyanine with carbon nanotubes for selective oxygen reduction reaction by screening from a series of metal phthalocyanines via preferential density-functional theory calculations. Different from conventional heterogeneous single-atom catalysts, the hybrid single-atom catalysts are proven to facilitate rational screening of target catalysts as well as understanding of its underlying oxygen reduction reaction mechanism due to its well-defined active site structure and clear coordination linkage in the hybrid single-atom catalysts. Consequently, the optimized Co hybrid single-atom catalysts exhibit improved 2e- oxygen reduction reaction performance compared to the corresponding homogeneous molecular catalyst in terms of activity and selectivity. When prepared as an air cathode in an air-breathing flow cell device, the optimized hybrid catalysts enable the oxygen reduction reaction at 300 mA cm-2 exhibiting a stable Faradaic efficiency exceeding 90% for 25 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Zhiyao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jiating Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yucheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Zhong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China.
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7
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Yuan R, Wei Y, Xue Z, Wang A, Zhang J, Xu H, Zhao L. Effects of support material and electrolyte on a triphenylamine substituted cobalt porphyrin catalytic oxygen reduction reaction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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8
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Pattanayak S, Loewen ND, Berben LA. Using Substituted [Fe 4N(CO) 12] - as a Platform To Probe the Effect of Cation and Lewis Acid Location on Redox Potential. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1919-1925. [PMID: 36006454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The impact of cationic and Lewis acidic functional groups installed in the primary or secondary coordination sphere (PCS or SCS) of an (electro)catalyst is known to vary depending on the precise positioning of those groups. However, it is difficult to systematically probe the effect of that position. In this report, we probe the effect of the functional group position and identity on the observed reduction potentials (Ep,c) using substituted iron clusters, [Fe4N(CO)11R]n, where R = NO+, PPh2-CH2CH2-9BBN, (MePTA+)2, (MePTA+)4, and H+ and n = 0, -1, +1, or +3 (9-BBN is 9-borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane; MePTA+ is 1-methyl-1-azonia-3,5-diaza-7-phosphaadamantane). The cationic NO+ and H+ ligands cause anodic shifts of 700 and 320 mV, respectively, in Ep,c relative to unsubstituted [Fe4N(CO)12]-. Infrared absorption band data, νCO, suggests that some of the 700 mV shift by NO+ results from electronic changes to the cluster core. This contrasts with the effects of cationic MePTA+ and H+ which cause primarily electrostatic effects on Ep,c. Lewis acidic 9-BBN in the SCS had almost no effect on Ep,c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Pattanayak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Natalia D Loewen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Louise A Berben
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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9
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Zhang D, Crawley MR, Oldacre AN, Kyle LJ, MacMillan SN, Cook TR. Lowering the Symmetry of Cofacial Porphyrin Prisms for Selective Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1766-1775. [PMID: 35699516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cofacial porphyrin catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) formed via coordination-driven self-assembly have so far been limited to designs with fourfold symmetry, where four molecular clips bridge two porphyrin sites. We have synthesized six PynPhm (Py = pyridyl, Ph = phenyl) metalloporphyrin prisms (Co2+, Zn2+) bridged by molecular clips containing two Rh3+ centers. Four of these structures are lower symmetry, with the Py3Ph and Py2Ph2 prisms containing three and two molecular clips, respectively. The Co2+ species were evaluated for their ORR activity. Cyclic and hydrodynamic voltammetry studies of heterogeneous catalyst inks in aqueous media revealed marked differences in selectivity from ∼5% (Py3Ph) to ∼37% (Py2Ph2) for the formation of H2O2. The single-crystal X-ray structure of the Zn2 Py2Ph2 prism shows an offset between the porphyrin faces. This structural feature may be responsible for the change in selectivity, consistent with previous studies of covalently tethered cofacial porphyrins that have shown that geometry is a critical determinant of two-electron/two-proton versus four-electron/four-proton pathways. Extraction of standard rate constants ks for the ORR revealed a cofacial enhancement of ∼2 orders of magnitude over mononuclear Co2+ tetrapyridyl porphyrin. Even though all the prisms described here use the same molecular clip, the resultant structures, and thus the reactivity for the ORR, differ significantly based on the number and orientation of pyridyl donor groups on the porphyrins, highlighting how coordination-driven self-assembly can be used to rapidly tune dinuclear catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Matthew R Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Amanda N Oldacre
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Lea J Kyle
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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10
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Sil D, Khan FST, Rath SP. Effect of intermacrocyclic interactions: Modulation of metal spin-state in oxo/hydroxo/fluoro-bridged diiron(III)/dimanganese(III) porphyrin dimers. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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11
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Zhang D, Crawley MR, Fang M, Kyle LJ, Cook TR. The rigidity of self-assembled cofacial porphyrins influences selectivity and kinetics of oxygen reduction electrocatalysis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18373-18377. [PMID: 36411983 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02724k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction on a rigid Co(II) porphyrin prism scaffold bridged by Ag(I) ions. The reactivity of this scaffold differs significantly from previous prism catalysts in that its selectivity is similar to that of monomer (∼35% H2O) yet it displays sluggish kinetics, with an order of magnitude lower ks of ∼0.5 M-1 s-1. The deleterious cofacial effect is not simply due to metal-metal separation, which is similar to our most selective prism catalysts. Instead we conclude the structural rigidity is responsible for these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Matthew R Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Lea J Kyle
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
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12
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Palladium complexes bearing calixpyrrole ligands with pendant hydrogen bond donors: Synthesis, structural characterization, electrochemistry and dihydrogen evolution. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Ghatak A, Samanta S, Nayek A, Mukherjee S, Dey SG, Dey A. Second-Sphere Hydrogen-Bond Donors and Acceptors Affect the Rate and Selectivity of Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction by Iron Porphyrins Differently. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12931-12947. [PMID: 35939766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The factors that control the rate and selectivity of 4e-/4H+ O2 reduction are important for efficient energy transformation as well as for understanding the terminal step of respiration in aerobic organisms. Inspired by the design of naturally occurring enzymes which are efficient catalysts for O2 and H2O2 reduction, several artificial systems have been generated where different second-sphere residues have been installed to enhance the rate and efficiency of the 4e-/4H+ O2 reduction. These include hydrogen-bonding residues like amines, carboxylates, ethers, amides, phenols, etc. In some cases, improvements in the catalysis were recorded, whereas in some cases improvements were marginal or nonexistent. In this work, we use an iron porphyrin complex with pendant 1,10-phenanthroline residues which show a pH-dependent variation of the rate of the electrochemical O2 reduction reaction (ORR) over 2 orders of magnitude. In-situ surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of different intermediates at different pH's reflecting different rate-determining steps at different pH's. These data in conjunction with density functional theory calculations reveal that when the distal 1,10-phenanthroline is neutral it acts as a hydrogen-bond acceptor which stabilizes H2O (product) binding to the active FeII state and retards the reaction. However, when the 1,10-phenanthroline is protonated, it acts as a hydrogen-bond donor which enhances O2 reduction by stabilizing FeIII-O2.- and FeIII-OOH intermediates and activating the O-O bond for cleavage. On the basis of these data, general guidelines for controlling the different possible rate-determining steps in the complex multistep 4e-/4H+ ORR are developed and a bioinspired principle-based design of an efficient electrochemical ORR is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Ghatak
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Soumya Samanta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Abhijit Nayek
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Sudipta Mukherjee
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
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14
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Bhunia S, Ghatak A, Dey A. Second Sphere Effects on Oxygen Reduction and Peroxide Activation by Mononuclear Iron Porphyrins and Related Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12370-12426. [PMID: 35404575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Activation and reduction of O2 and H2O2 by synthetic and biosynthetic iron porphyrin models have proved to be a versatile platform for evaluating second-sphere effects deemed important in naturally occurring heme active sites. Advances in synthetic techniques have made it possible to install different functional groups around the porphyrin ligand, recreating artificial analogues of the proximal and distal sites encountered in the heme proteins. Using judicious choices of these substituents, several of the elegant second-sphere effects that are proposed to be important in the reactivity of key heme proteins have been evaluated under controlled environments, adding fundamental insight into the roles played by these weak interactions in nature. This review presents a detailed description of these efforts and how these have not only demystified these second-sphere effects but also how the knowledge obtained resulted in functional mimics of these heme enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Bhunia
- School of Chemical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arnab Ghatak
- School of Chemical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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15
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Cai Q, Tran LK, Qiu T, Eddy JW, Pham TN, Yap GPA, Rosenthal J. An Easily Prepared Monomeric Cobalt(II) Tetrapyrrole Complex That Efficiently Promotes the 4e -/4H + Peractivation of O 2 to Water. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5442-5451. [PMID: 35358381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The selective 4e-/4H+ reduction of dioxygen to water is an important reaction that takes place at the cathode of fuel cells. Monomeric aromatic tetrapyrroles (such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, and corroles) coordinated to Co(II) or Co(III) have been considered as oxygen reduction catalysts due to their low cost and relative ease of synthesis. However, these systems have been repeatedly shown to be selective for O2 reduction by the less desired 2e-/2H+ pathway to yield hydrogen peroxide. Herein, we report the initial synthesis and study of a Co(II) tetrapyrrole complex based on a nonaromatic isocorrole scaffold that is competent for 4e-/4H+ oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This Co(II) 10,10-dimethyl isocorrole (Co[10-DMIC]) is obtained in just four simple steps and has excellent yield from a known dipyrromethane synthon. Evaluation of the steady state spectroscopic and redox properties of Co[10-DMIC] against those of Co porphyrin (cobalt 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin, [Co(TPFPP)]) and corrole (cobalt 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole triphenylphosphine, Co[TPFPC](PPh3)) homologues demonstrated that the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of the isocorrole are distinct from those displayed by more traditional aromatic tetrapyrroles. Further, the investigation of the ORR activity of Co[10-DMIC] using a combination of electrochemical and chemical reduction studies revealed that this simple, unadorned monomeric Co(II) tetrapyrrole is ∼85% selective for the 4e-/4H+ reduction of O2 to H2O over the more kinetically facile 2e-/2H+ process that delivers H2O2. In contrast, the same ORR evaluations conducted for the Co porphyrin and corrole homologues demonstrated that these traditional aromatic systems catalyze the 2e-/2H+ conversion of O2 to H2O2 with near complete selectivity. Despite being a simple, easily prepared, monomeric tetrapyrrole platform, Co[10-DMIC] supports an ORR catalysis that has historically only been achieved using elaborate porphyrinoid-based architectures that incorporate pendant proton-transfer groups or ditopic molecular clefts or that impose cofacially oriented O2 binding sites. Accordingly, Co[10-DMIC] represents the first simple, unadorned, monomeric metalloisocorrole complex that can be easily prepared and shows a privileged performance for the 4e-/4H+ peractivation of O2 to water as compared to other simple cobalt containing tetrapyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqi Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Linh K Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tian Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jennifer W Eddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Trong-Nhan Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P A Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Joel Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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16
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Hanana M, Kahlfuss C, Weiss J, Cornut R, Jousselme B, Wytko JA, Campidelli S. ORR activity of metalated phenanthroline-strapped porphyrin adsorbed on carbon nanotubes. CR CHIM 2021. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Xu Q, Zhao L, Yuan R, Chen Y, Xue Z, Zhang J, Qiu X, Qu J. Interfacial charge transfer mechanism of oxygen reduction reaction in alkali media: Effects of molecular charge states and triphenylamine substituent on cobalt porphyrin electrocatalysts. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Kaluarachchige Don UI, Kurup SS, Hollingsworth TS, Ward CL, Lord RL, Groysman S. Synthesis and Cu(I)/Mo(VI) Reactivity of a Bifunctional Heterodinucleating Ligand on a Xanthene Platform. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14655-14666. [PMID: 34520185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to probe the feasibility of a model of Mo-Cu CODH (CODH = carbon monoxide dehydrogenase) lacking a bridging sulfido group, the new heterodinucleating ligand LH2 was designed and its Cu(I)/Mo(VI) reactivity was investigated. LH2 ((E)-3-(((5-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthen-4-yl)imino)methyl)benzene-1,2-diol) features two different chelating positions bridged by a xanthene linker: bis(pyridyl)amine for Cu(I) and catecholate for Mo(VI). LH2 was synthesized via the initial protection of one of the amine positions, followed by two consecutive alkylations of the second position, deprotection, and condensation to attach the catechol functionality. LH2 was found to exhibit dynamic cooperativity between two reactive sites mediated by H-bonding of the catechol protons. In the free ligand, catechol protons exhibit H-bonding with imine (intramolecular) and with pyridine (intermolecular in the solid state). The reaction of LH2 with [Cu(NCMe)4]+ led to the tetradentate coordination of Cu(I) via all nitrogen donors of the ligand, including the imine. Cu(I) complexes were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), X-ray crystallography, and DFT calculations. Cu(I) coordination to the imine disrupted H-bonding and caused rotation away from the catechol arm. The reaction of the Cu(I) complex [Cu(LH2)]+ with a variety of monodentate ligands X (PPh3, Cl-, SCN-, CN-) released the metal from coordination to the imine, thereby restoring imine H-bonding with the catechol proton. The second catechol proton engages in H-bonding with Cu-X (X = Cl, CN, SCN), which can be intermolecular (XRD) or intramolecular (DFT). The reaction of LH2 with molybdate [MoO4]2- led to incorporation of [MoVIO3] at the catecholate position, producing [MoO3(L)]2-. Similarly, the reaction of [Cu(LH2)]+ with [MoO4]2- formed the heterodinuclear complex [CuMoO3(L)]-. Both complexes were characterized by multinuclear NMR, UV-vis, and HRMS. HRMS in both cases confirmed the constitution of the complexes, containing molecular ions with the expected isotopic distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh I Kaluarachchige Don
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Sudheer S Kurup
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Thilini S Hollingsworth
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Cassandra L Ward
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Richard L Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401, United States
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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19
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Li Y, Wang N, Lei H, Li X, Zheng H, Wang H, Zhang W, Cao R. Bioinspired N4-metallomacrocycles for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Ousaka N, Yamamoto S, Iida H, Iwata T, Ito S, Souza R, Hijikata Y, Irle S, Yashima E. Encapsulation of Aromatic Guests in the Bisporphyrin Cavity of a Double-Stranded Spiroborate Helicate: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies and the Encapsulation Mechanism. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10501-10516. [PMID: 34282918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A double-stranded spiroborate helicate bearing a bisporphyrin unit in the middle forms an inclusion complex with electron-deficient aromatic guests that are sandwiched between the porphyrins. In the present study, we systematically investigated the effects of size, electron density, and substituents of a series of aromatic guests on inclusion complex formations within the bisporphyrin. The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors during the guest-encapsulation process were also investigated in detail. The guest-encapsulation abilities in the helicate increased with the increasing core sizes of the electron-deficient aromatic guests and decreased with the increasing bulkiness and number of substituents of the guests. Among the naphthalenediimide derivatives, those with bulky N-substituents at both ends hardly formed an inclusion complex. Instead, they formed a [2]rotaxane-like inclusion complex through the water-mediated dynamic B-O bond cleavage/reformation of the spiroborate groups of the helicate, which enhanced the conformational flexibility of the helicate to enlarge the bisporphyrin cavity and form an inclusion complex. Based on the X-ray crystal structure of a unique pacman-like 1:1 inclusion complex between the helicate and an ammonium cation as well as the molecular dynamics simulation results, a plausible mechanism for the inclusion of a planar aromatic guest within the helicate is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ousaka
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takuya Iwata
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Rafael Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yuh Hijikata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Stephan Irle
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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21
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Arima H, Wada M, Nakazono T, Wada T. Tuning Oxygen Reduction Catalysis of Dinuclear Cobalt Polypyridyl Complexes by the Bridging Structure. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9402-9415. [PMID: 33988979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The four-electron oxygen reduction reaction (4e--ORR) is the mainstay in chemical energy conversion. Elucidation of factors influencing the catalyst's reaction rate and selectivity is important in the development of more active catalysts of 4e--ORR. In this study, we investigated chemical and electrochemical 4e--ORR catalyzed by Co2(μ-O2) complexes bridged by xanthene (1) and anthracene (3) and by a Co2(OH)2 complex bridged by anthraquinone (2). In the chemical ORR using Fe(CpMe)2 as a reductant in acidic PhCN, we found that 1 showed the highest initial turnover frequency (TOFinit = 6.8 × 102 s-1) and selectivity for 4e--ORR (96%) in three complexes. The detailed kinetic analyses have revealed that the rate-determining steps (RDSs) in the catalytic cycles of 1-3 have the O2 addition to [CoII2(OH2)2]4+ as an intermediate in common. In the only case that complex 1 was used as a catalyst, kcat depended on proton concentration because the reaction rate of the O2 addition to [CoII2(OH2)2]4+ was so fast as compared to that of the concerted PCET process of 1. Through X-ray, Raman, and electrochemical analyses and stoichiometric reactions, we found the face-to-face structure of 1 characterized by a slightly flexible xanthene was advantageous in capturing O2 and stabilizing the Co2(μ-O2) structure, thus increasing both the reaction rate and selectivity for 4e--ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Arima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Misato Wada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakazono
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Tohru Wada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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22
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Pistner AJ, Martin MI, Yap GP, Rosenthal J. Synthesis, structure, electronic characterization, and halogenation of gold(III) phlorin complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The metalation chemistry of the phlorin, which is a non-aromatic tetrapyrrole macrocycle containing a single sp3-hybridized meso-carbon has remained underdeveloped, as compared to that of more traditional tetrapyrroles such as porphyrins, corroles and phthalocyanines. There have been few prior efforts to prepare metallophlorins, and those that have been reported have relied on either reduction or nucleophilic attack of parent metalloporphyrins, rather than direct metalation of freebase phlorin constructs. In this work, an alternate synthetic approach for preparation of gold(III) phlorin complexes that involves the first direct metalation of two different freebase phlorin derivatives (3H(Phl[Formula: see text] and 3H(Phl[Formula: see text] with AuBr3 to produce the stable and fully isolable gold(III) phlorin complexes Au(Phl[Formula: see text] and Au(Phl[Formula: see text] is reported. The first structural characterization of a metallophlorin bearing geminal dimethyl substituents at the sp3-hybridized meso-carbon via X-ray crystallography is also reported. In addition to the preparation of Au(Phl[Formula: see text] and Au(Phl[Formula: see text], the UV-vis absorption and redox properties of these two gold(III) phlorins in comparison to those of their freebase homologues is also detailed. Notably, the metallophlorins are characterized by panchromatic absorbance profiles and intense and broad bands that span the long-visible and into the near-IR regions, as well as two fully reversible oxidation and reduction waves as probed by cyclic voltammetry. Finally, the chlorination of Au(Phl[Formula: see text] using PhI(Cl[Formula: see text] was probed and it was found that this regioslective reaction generates monochlorinated (Au(Phl[Formula: see text]Cl)) and dichlorinated (Au(Phl[Formula: see text]Cl[Formula: see text] products, which were both structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen J. Pistner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Maxwell I. Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Glenn P.A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Joel Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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23
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Xu Q, Zhao L, Ma Y, Yuan R, Liu M, Xue Z, Li H, Zhang J, Qiu X. Substituents and the induced partial charge effects on cobalt porphyrins catalytic oxygen reduction reactions in acidic medium. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 597:269-277. [PMID: 33872883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Charge states at the catalytic interface can intensely alter the charge transfer mechanism and thus the oxygen reduction performance. Two symmetric cobalt porphyrins with electron deficient 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) and electron-donating propeller-like triphenylamine (TPA) derivatives have been designed firstly, to rationally generate intramolecular partial charges, and secondly, to utilize the more exposed molecular orbitals on TPA for enhancing the charge transfer kinetics. The catalytic performance of the two electrocatalysts was examined for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in acidic electrolyte. It was found that BCP1/C with two BTD groups showed greater reduction potential but less limiting current density as compared to BCP2/C bearing BTD-TPA units. The reduced potential of BCP2/C was proposed to the introduction of the electron-donating ability of TPA, which may decrease the adsorption affinity of oxygen to the cobalt center. Both dipole-induced partial charge effect and the more exposed cation orbitals of the 3D structural TPA were proposed to contribute to the increased response current of BCP2/C. In addition, BCP2/C attained more than 80% of H2O2 generation in acidic solution, which may also relate to the structural effect. These findings may provide new insight into the structural design of organic electrocatalysts and deep understanding on the interfacial charge transfer mechanism for ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Yuhan Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Maosong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhaoli Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Henan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Xinping Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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24
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Crystallographic and (spectro)electrochemical characterizations of cobalt(II) 10-phenyl-5,15-di-p-tolylporphyrin. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Giereth R, Lang P, McQueen E, Meißner X, Braun-Cula B, Marchfelder C, Obermeier M, Schwalbe M, Tschierlei S. Elucidation of Cooperativity in CO2 Reduction Using a Xanthene-Bridged Bimetallic Rhenium(I) Complex. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Giereth
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Gaußstr. 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Philipp Lang
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ewan McQueen
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xenia Meißner
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Braun-Cula
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carla Marchfelder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Obermeier
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwalbe
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Gaußstr. 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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26
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Lu X, Lee YM, Sankaralingam M, Fukuzumi S, Nam W. Catalytic Four-Electron Reduction of Dioxygen by Ferrocene Derivatives with a Nonheme Iron(III) TAML Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:18010-18017. [PMID: 33300784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mononuclear nonheme iron(III) complex with a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (TAML), [(TAML)FeIII]- (1), is a selective precatalyst for four-electron reduction of dioxygen by ferrocene derivatives in the presence of acetic acid (CH3COOH) in acetone. This is the first work to show that a nonheme iron(III) complex catalyzes the four-electron reduction of O2 by one-electron reductants. An iron(V)-oxo complex, [(TAML)FeV(O)]- (2), was produced by oxygenation of 1 with O2 via the formation of triacetone triperoxide (TATP), acting as an autocatalyst that shortened the induction time for the generation of 2. Decamethylferrocene (Me10Fc) and octamethylferrocene (Me8Fc) reduced 2 to 1 by two electrons in the presence of CH3COOH to produce decamethylferrocenium cation (Me10Fc+) and octamethylferrocenium cation (Me8Fc+), respectively. Then, 1 was oxygenated by O2 to regenerate 2 via the formation of TATP. In the cases of ferrocene (Fc), bromoferrocene (BrFc) and 1,1'-dibromoferrocene (Br2Fc), initial electron transfer from ferrocene derivatives to 2 occurred; however, neither a second proton-coupled electron transfer from ferrocene derivatives to 2 nor a catalytic four-electron reduction of O2 occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | | | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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27
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Li M, Scheidt WR. The Simplest Iron μ-oxo Species. The Molecular Structure of {[Fe(porphine)]2O}. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842462050025x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared a new [Formula: see text]-oxo iron(III) porphyrin complex based on the simplest possible porphyrin ligand, porphine. Our structure determination for {[Fe(porphine)]2O}shows that it has a decidedly different molecular structure compared to all other [Formula: see text]-oxo iron(III)porphyrin complexes with two independent porphyrin ligands. The Fe–O–Fe angle is 153.21 (16)[Formula: see text]which leads to a small interplanar angle of 22.7[Formula: see text]between the two porphine rings. This also leads to C[Formula: see text]C nonbonded contact as short as 3.35Å between the two rings. The twist angle of the two porphine rings is 16.8[Formula: see text]. Other structural features are in general accord with those expected for high-spin iron(III) porphyrinates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - W. Robert Scheidt
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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28
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Suzuki W, Kotani H, Ishizuka T, Kojima T. A Mechanistic Dichotomy in Two-Electron Reduction of Dioxygen Catalyzed by N,N'-Dimethylated Porphyrin Isomers. Chemistry 2020; 26:10480-10486. [PMID: 32329533 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective two-electron reduction of dioxygen (O2 ) to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) has been achieved by two saddle-distorted N,N'-dimethylated porphyrin isomers, an N21,N'22-dimethylated porphyrin (anti-Me2 P) and an N21,N'23-dimethylated porphyrin (syn-Me2 P) as catalysts and ferrocene derivatives as electron donors in the presence of protic acids in acetonitrile. The higher catalytic performance in an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was achieved by anti-Me2 P with higher turnover number (TON=250 for 30 min) than that by syn-Me2 P (TON=218 for 60 min). The reactive intermediates in the catalytic ORR were confirmed to be the corresponding isophlorins (anti-Me2 Iph or syn-Me2 Iph) by spectroscopic measurements. The rate-determining step in the catalytic ORRs was concluded to be proton-coupled electron-transfer reduction of O2 with isophlorins based on kinetic analysis. The ORR rate by anti-Me2 Iph was accelerated by external protons, judging from the dependence of the observed initial rates on acid concentrations. In contrast, no acceleration of the ORR rate with syn-Me2 Iph by external protons was observed. The different mechanisms in the O2 reduction by the two isomers should be derived from that of the arrangement of hydrogen bonding of a O2 with inner NH protons of the isophlorins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
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29
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Beyene BB, Hung CH. Recent progress on metalloporphyrin-based hydrogen evolution catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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30
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Wan H, Jensen AW, Escudero-Escribano M, Rossmeisl J. Insights in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: From Metallic Electrocatalysts to Diporphyrins. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wan
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders W. Jensen
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W. Machan
- University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
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32
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Nickel/Cobalt-Containing polypyrrole hydrogel-derived approach for efficient ORR electrocatalyst. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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33
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Smith PT, Kim Y, Benke BP, Kim K, Chang CJ. Supramolecular Tuning Enables Selective Oxygen Reduction Catalyzed by Cobalt Porphyrins for Direct Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4902-4907. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Bahiru Punja Benke
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
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34
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Smith PT, Kim Y, Benke BP, Kim K, Chang CJ. Supramolecular Tuning Enables Selective Oxygen Reduction Catalyzed by Cobalt Porphyrins for Direct Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Bahiru Punja Benke
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-1460 USA
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35
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Carrasco MC, Hematian S. (Hydr)oxo-bridged heme complexes: From structure to reactivity. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619300258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Iron–porphyrins ([Formula: see text] hemes) are present throughout the biosphere and perform a wide range of functions, particularly those that involve complex multiple-electron redox processes. Some common heme enzymes involved in these processes include cytochrome P450, heme/copper oxidase or heme/non-heme diiron nitric oxide reductase. Consequently, the (hydr)oxo-bridged heme species have been studied for the important roles that they play in many life processes or for their application for catalysis and preparation of new functional materials. This review encompasses important synthetic, structural and reactivity aspects of the (hydr)oxo-bridged heme constructs that govern their function and application. The properties and reactivity of the bridging (hydr)oxo moieties are directly dictated by the coordination environment of the heme core, the nature and ligation of the second metal center attached to the (hydr)oxo group, the presence or absence of a linker, and the degree of flexibility around that linker within the scaffold. Here, we summarize the structural features of all known (hydr)oxo-bridged heme constructs and use those to categorize and thus, provide a more comprehensive picture of structure–function relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Carrasco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro 27402, USA
| | - Shabnam Hematian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro 27402, USA
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36
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Meng Y, Yin J, Jiao T, Bai J, Zhang L, Su J, Liu S, Bai Z, Cao M, Peng Q. Self-assembled copper/cobalt-containing polypyrrole hydrogels for highly efficient ORR electrocatalysts. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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37
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Yamashita K, Kuramochi N, Pham Qui Van H, Furutani K, Ogawa T, Sugiura K. Efficient Synthesis of Arylenedioxy‐Bridged Porphyrin Dimers through Catalyst‐Free Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution. Chempluschem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken‐ichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University Minami-Osawa, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Narumi Kuramochi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University Minami-Osawa, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Hang Pham Qui Van
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University Minami-Osawa, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furutani
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Takuji Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Ken‐ichi Sugiura
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University Minami-Osawa, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
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38
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Liu Y, Zhou G, Zhang Z, Lei H, Yao Z, Li J, Lin J, Cao R. Significantly improved electrocatalytic oxygen reduction by an asymmetrical Pacman dinuclear cobalt(ii) porphyrin-porphyrin dyad. Chem Sci 2019; 11:87-96. [PMID: 32110360 PMCID: PMC7012046 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetrical Pacman dinuclear Co bisporphyrin shows significantly improved activity and selectivity for catalytic reduction of O2 to water in comparison with corresponding mononuclear Co porphyrins and symmetrical dinuclear Co bisporphyrins.
Pacman dinuclear CoII triphenylporphyrin-tri(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin 1 and dinuclear CoII bis-tri(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin 2, anchored at the two meso-positions of a benzene linker, are synthesized and examined as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Both dinuclear Co bisporphyrins are more efficient and selective than corresponding mononuclear CoII tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin 3 and CoII tetraphenylporphyrin 4 for the four-electron electrocatalytic reduction of O2 to water. Significantly, although the ORR selectivities of the two dinuclear Co bisporphyrins are similar to each other, 1 outperforms 2, in terms of larger catalytic ORR currents and lower overpotentials. Electrochemical studies showed different redox behaviors of the two Co sites of 1: the CoIII/CoII reduction of the Co-TPP (TPP = triphenylporphyrin) site is well-behind that of the Co-TPFP (TPFP = tri(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin) site by 440 mV. This difference indicated their different roles in the ORR: CoII-TPFP is likely the O2 binding and reduction site, while CoIII-TPP, which is generated by the oxidation of CoII-TPP on electrodes, may function as a Lewis acid to assist the O2 binding and activation. The positively charged CoIII-TPP will have through-space charge interactions with the negatively charged O2-adduct unit, which will reduce the activation energy barrier for the ORR. This effect of Co-TPP closely resembles that of the CuB site of metalloenzyme cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), which catalyzes the biological reduction of O2. This work represents a rare example of asymmetrical dinuclear metal catalysts, which can catalyze the 4e reduction of O2 with high selectivity and significantly improved activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China . .,Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Guojun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China .
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China .
| | - Zhen Yao
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 101408 , China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 101408 , China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Chemistry , Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872 , China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry , Ministry of Education , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China .
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39
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Huang XF, Yuan GP, Huang G, Wei SJ. Study on maximizing catalytic performance of cobalt(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin for cyclohexane oxidation. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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40
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Jackson MN, Kaminsky CJ, Oh S, Melville JF, Surendranath Y. Graphite Conjugation Eliminates Redox Intermediates in Molecular Electrocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14160-14167. [PMID: 31353897 PMCID: PMC6748662 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The efficient interconversion
of electrical and chemical energy
requires the intimate coupling of electrons and small-molecule substrates
at catalyst active sites. In molecular electrocatalysis, the molecule
acts as a redox mediator which typically undergoes oxidation or reduction
in a separate step from substrate activation. These mediated pathways
introduce a high-energy intermediate, cap the driving force for substrate
activation at the reduction potential of the molecule, and impede
access to high rates at low overpotentials. Here we show that electronically
coupling a molecular hydrogen evolution catalyst to a graphitic electrode
eliminates stepwise pathways and forces concerted electron transfer
and proton binding. Electrochemical and X-ray absorption spectroscopy
data establish that hydrogen evolution catalysis at the graphite-conjugated
Rh molecule proceeds without first reducing the metal center. These
results have broad implications for the molecular-level design of
energy conversion catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N Jackson
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Corey J Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Seokjoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Jonathan F Melville
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Yogesh Surendranath
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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41
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Jackson M, Pegis ML, Surendranath Y. Graphite-Conjugated Acids Reveal a Molecular Framework for Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer at Electrode Surfaces. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:831-841. [PMID: 31139719 PMCID: PMC6535968 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) steps play a key role in energy conversion reactions. Molecular PCET reactions are well-described by "square schemes" in which the overall thermochemistry of the reaction is broken into its constituent proton-transfer and electron-transfer components. Although this description has been essential for understanding molecular PCET, no such framework exists for PCET reactions that take place at electrode surfaces. Herein, we develop a molecular square scheme framework for interfacial PCET by investigating the electrochemistry of molecularly well-defined acid/base sites conjugated to graphitic electrodes. Using cyclic voltammetry, we first demonstrate that, irrespective of the redox properties of the corresponding molecular analogue, proton transfer to graphite-conjugated acid/base sites is coupled to electron transfer. We then show that the thermochemistry of surface PCET events can be described by the pK a of the molecular analogue and the potential of zero free charge (zero-field reduction potential) of the electrode. This work provides a general framework for analyzing and predicting the thermochemistry of interfacial PCET reactions.
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42
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Pegis ML, Martin DJ, Wise CF, Brezny AC, Johnson SI, Johnson LE, Kumar N, Raugei S, Mayer JM. Mechanism of Catalytic O 2 Reduction by Iron Tetraphenylporphyrin. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8315-8326. [PMID: 31042028 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic reduction of O2 to H2O is important for energy transduction in both synthetic and natural systems. Herein, we report a kinetic and thermochemical study of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyzed by iron tetraphenylporphyrin (Fe(TPP)) in N, N'-dimethylformamide using decamethylferrocene as a soluble reductant and para-toluenesulfonic acid ( pTsOH) as the proton source. This work identifies and characterizes catalytic intermediates and their thermochemistry, providing a detailed mechanistic understanding of the system. Specifically, reduction of the ferric porphyrin, [FeIII(TPP)]+, forms the ferrous porphyrin, FeII(TPP), which binds O2 reversibly to form the ferric-superoxide porphyrin complex, FeIII(TPP)(O2•-). The temperature dependence of both the electron transfer and O2 binding equilibrium constants has been determined. Kinetic studies over a range of concentrations and temperatures show that the catalyst resting state changes during the course of each catalytic run, necessitating the use of global kinetic modeling to extract rate constants and kinetic barriers. The rate-determining step in oxygen reduction is the protonation of FeIII(TPP)(O2•-) by pTsOH, which proceeds with a substantial kinetic barrier. Computational studies indicate that this barrier for proton transfer arises from an unfavorable preassociation of the proton donor with the superoxide adduct and a transition state that requires significant desolvation of the proton donor. Together, these results are the first example of oxygen reduction by iron tetraphenylporphyrin where the pre-equilibria among ferric, ferrous, and ferric-superoxide intermediates have been quantified under catalytic conditions. This work gives a generalizable model for the mechanism of iron porphyrin-catalyzed ORR and provides an unusually complete mechanistic study of an ORR reaction. More broadly, this study also highlights the kinetic challenges for proton transfer to catalytic intermediates in organic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Pegis
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Daniel J Martin
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Catherine F Wise
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Anna C Brezny
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | | | - Lewis E Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700 Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | | | | | - James M Mayer
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
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43
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Meng J, Lei H, Li X, Qi J, Zhang W, Cao R. Attaching Cobalt Corroles onto Carbon Nanotubes: Verification of Four-Electron Oxygen Reduction by Mononuclear Cobalt Complexes with Significantly Improved Efficiency. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Meng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
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44
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Sinha S, Ghosh M, Warren JJ. Changing the Selectivity of O2 Reduction Catalysis with One Ligand Heteroatom. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Moumita Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Jeffrey J. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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45
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Sun F, Li Q, Xue H, Pang H. Pristine Transition‐Metal‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalysis. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fancheng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangling CollegeYangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangling CollegeYangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Huaiguo Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangling CollegeYangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangling CollegeYangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China
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46
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Aoki E, Suzuki W, Kotani H, Ishizuka T, Sakai H, Hasobe T, Kojima T. Efficient photocatalytic proton-coupled electron-transfer reduction of O 2 using a saddle-distorted porphyrin as a photocatalyst. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4925-4928. [PMID: 30968095 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01547g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic O2 reduction reactions proceeded to produce H2O2 using a diprotonated saddle-distorted dodecaphenylporphyrin as a photocatalyst. The quantum yield (12%), the turnover number (3000 for 6 h), and the turnover frequency (500 h-1) are achieved in photocatalytic systems based on free-base porphyrins for the first time. The photocatalytic reaction mechanism has been revealed by ns-laser flash photolysis and kinetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Aoki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
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47
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Nurdin L, Spasyuk DM, Fairburn L, Piers WE, Maron L. Oxygen-Oxygen Bond Cleavage and Formation in Co(II)-Mediated Stoichiometric O 2 Reduction via the Potential Intermediacy of a Co(IV) Oxyl Radical. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:16094-16105. [PMID: 30398331 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In reactions of significance to alternative energy schemes, metal catalysts are needed to overcome kinetically and thermodynamically difficult processes. Often, high-oxidation-state, high-energy metal oxo intermediates are proposed as mediators in elementary steps involving O-O bond cleavage and formation, but the mechanisms of these steps are difficult to study because of the fleeting nature of these species. Here we utilized a novel dianionic pentadentate ligand system that enabled a detailed mechanistic investigation of the protonation of a cobalt(III)-cobalt(III) peroxo dimer, a known intermediate in oxygen reduction catalysis to hydrogen peroxide. It was shown that double protonation occurs rapidly and leads to a low-energy O-O bond cleavage step that generates a Co(III) aquo complex and a highly reactive Co(IV) oxyl cation. The latter was probed computationally and experimentally implicated through chemical interception and isotope labeling experiments. In the absence of competing chemical reagents, it dimerizes and eliminates dioxygen in a step highly relevant to O-O bond formation in the oxygen evolution step in water oxidation. Thus, the study demonstrates both facile O-O bond cleavage and formation in the stoichiometric reduction of O2 to H2O with 2 equiv of Co(II) and suggests a new pathway for selective reduction of O2 to water via Co(III)-O-O-Co(III) peroxo intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Nurdin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Denis M Spasyuk
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Laura Fairburn
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LPCNO , 135 avenue de Rangueil , F-31077 Toulouse , France , and CNRS, LPCNO, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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48
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Zion N, Friedman A, Levy N, Elbaz L. Bioinspired Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Fuel Cells Using Molecular Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800406. [PMID: 29682822 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important chemical reactions for renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries today is oxygen reduction. Due to the relatively sluggish reaction kinetics, catalysts are necessary to generate high power output. The most common catalyst for this reaction is platinum, but its scarcity and derived high price have raised the search for abundant nonprecious metal catalysts. Inspired from enzymatic processes which are known to catalyze oxygen reduction reaction efficiently, employing transition metal complexes as their catalytic centers, many are working on the development of bioinspired and biomimetic catalysts of this class. This research news article gives a glimpse of the recent progress on the development of bioinspired molecular catalyst for oxygen reduction, highlighting the importance of the molecular structure of the catalysts, from advancements in porphyrins and phthalocyanines to the most recent work on corroles, and 3D networks such as metal-organic frameworks and polymeric networks, all with nonpyrolyzed, well-defined molecular catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Zion
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Ariel Friedman
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Naomi Levy
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Lior Elbaz
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
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49
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Wang YH, Goldsmith ZK, Schneider PE, Anson CW, Gerken JB, Ghosh S, Hammes-Schiffer S, Stahl SS. Kinetic and Mechanistic Characterization of Low-Overpotential, H2O2-Selective Reduction of O2 Catalyzed by N2O2-Ligated Cobalt Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10890-10899. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Zachary K. Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Patrick E. Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Colin W. Anson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - James B. Gerken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | | | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Passard G, Dogutan DK, Qiu M, Costentin C, Nocera DG. Oxygen Reduction Reaction Promoted by Manganese Porphyrins. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Passard
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Dilek K. Dogutan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Mengting Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Cyrille Costentin
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université - CNRS No. 7591, Bâtiment Lavoisier, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue Jean de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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