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Liang L, Jia S, Barman I. DNA-POINT: DNA Patterning of Optical Imprint for Nanomaterials Topography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38388-38397. [PMID: 35969693 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Engineering well-defined scale-spanning structures through transfer of diverse biomolecules and materials to a surface is of tremendous interest in life sciences research yet remains profoundly challenging. Here, we report a novel method, termed as DNA patterning of optical imprint for nanomaterials topography (DNA-POINT), for rapid photopatterning of large area, geometrically complex surfaces via light-responsive DNA. Our method employs top-down multiphoton-driven patterning of azobenzene-modified DNA strands, offering precise position control of molecules and nanoparticles along the axial plane and a template for bottom-up self-assembly of multiple layers of different chemical composition along the vertical plane. We demonstrate the surface patterning of plasmonic gold nanoparticles, fluorophore-labeled oligonucleotides, and multiple layers consisting of molecule-nanoparticle hybrid patterns into preconceived shapes without compromising on the functionality of the biomolecules. Furthermore, we exhibit scanning mode operation of DNA-POINT, thereby paving the way for maskless and cleanroom-free fast fabrication of biochips for high-throughput diagnostics and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Sisi Jia
- Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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2
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Youhanna S, Kemas AM, Preiss L, Zhou Y, Shen JX, Cakal SD, Paqualini FS, Goparaju SK, Shafagh RZ, Lind JU, Sellgren CM, Lauschke VM. Organotypic and Microphysiological Human Tissue Models for Drug Discovery and Development-Current State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:141-206. [PMID: 35017176 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of successful drug development projects has been stagnant for decades despite major breakthroughs in chemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Unreliable target identification and poor translatability of preclinical models have been identified as major causes of failure. To improve predictions of clinical efficacy and safety, interest has shifted to three-dimensional culture methods in which human cells can retain many physiologically and functionally relevant phenotypes for extended periods of time. Here, we review the state of the art of available organotypic culture techniques and critically review emerging models of human tissues with key importance for pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity. In addition, developments in bioprinting and microfluidic multiorgan cultures to emulate systemic drug disposition are summarized. We close by highlighting important trends regarding the fabrication of organotypic culture platforms and the choice of platform material to limit drug absorption and polymer leaching while supporting the phenotypic maintenance of cultured cells and allowing for scalable device fabrication. We conclude that organotypic and microphysiological human tissue models constitute promising systems to promote drug discovery and development by facilitating drug target identification and improving the preclinical evaluation of drug toxicity and pharmacokinetics. There is, however, a critical need for further validation, benchmarking, and consolidation efforts ideally conducted in intersectoral multicenter settings to accelerate acceptance of these novel models as reliable tools for translational pharmacology and toxicology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Organotypic and microphysiological culture of human cells has emerged as a promising tool for preclinical drug discovery and development that might be able to narrow the translation gap. This review discusses recent technological and methodological advancements and the use of these systems for hit discovery and the evaluation of toxicity, clearance, and absorption of lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Youhanna
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Aurino M Kemas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Lena Preiss
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Yitian Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Joanne X Shen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Selgin D Cakal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Francesco S Paqualini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Sravan K Goparaju
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Reza Zandi Shafagh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Johan Ulrik Lind
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Carl M Sellgren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.Y., A.M.K., L.P., Y.Z., J.X.S., S.K.G., R.Z.S., C.M.S., V.M.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (L.P.); Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (S.D.C., J.U.L.); Synthetic Physiology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy (F.S.P.); Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (Z.S.); and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany (V.M.L.)
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Zhao J, Santino F, Giacomini D, Gentilucci L. Integrin-Targeting Peptides for the Design of Functional Cell-Responsive Biomaterials. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E307. [PMID: 32854363 PMCID: PMC7555639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a family of cell surface receptors crucial to fundamental cellular functions such as adhesion, signaling, and viability, deeply involved in a variety of diseases, including the initiation and progression of cancer, of coronary, inflammatory, or autoimmune diseases. The natural ligands of integrins are glycoproteins expressed on the cell surface or proteins of the extracellular matrix. For this reason, short peptides or peptidomimetic sequences that reproduce the integrin-binding motives have attracted much attention as potential drugs. When challenged in clinical trials, these peptides/peptidomimetics let to contrasting and disappointing results. In the search for alternative utilizations, the integrin peptide ligands have been conjugated onto nanoparticles, materials, or drugs and drug carrier systems, for specific recognition or delivery of drugs to cells overexpressing the targeted integrins. Recent research in peptidic integrin ligands is exploring new opportunities, in particular for the design of nanostructured, micro-fabricated, cell-responsive, stimuli-responsive, smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (J.Z.); (F.S.); (D.G.)
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4
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Zandi Shafagh R, Vastesson A, Guo W, van der Wijngaart W, Haraldsson T. E-Beam Nanostructuring and Direct Click Biofunctionalization of Thiol-Ene Resist. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9940-9946. [PMID: 30212184 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron beam lithography (EBL) is of major importance for ultraminiaturized biohybrid system fabrication, as it allows combining biomolecular patterning and mechanical structure definition on the nanoscale. Existing methods are limited by multistep biomolecule immobilization procedures, harsh processing conditions that are harmful to sensitive biomolecules, or the structural properties of the resulting protein monolayers or hydrogel-based resists. This work introduces a thiol-ene EBL resist with chemically reactive thiol groups on its native surface that allow the direct and selective "click" immobilization of biomolecules under benign processing conditions. We constructed EBL structured features of size down to 20 nm, and direct functionalized the nanostructures with a sandwich of biotin and streptavidin. The facile combination of polymer nanostructuring with biomolecule immobilization enables mechanically robust biohybrid components of interest for nanoscale biomedical, electronic, photonic, and robotic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weijin Guo
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm 10044 , Sweden
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5
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Gan T, Wu B, Zhou X, Zhang G. Ultrahigh resolution, serial fabrication of three dimensionally-patterned protein nanostructures by liquid-mediated non-contact scanning probe lithography. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07715c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-100 nm and 3D-patterned structures of protein are fabricated on Au surface in solution by liquid-mediated non-contact scanning probe lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansheng Gan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518060
- P. R. China
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
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6
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Horzum U, Ozdil B, Pesen-Okvur D. Differentiation of Normal and Cancer Cell Adhesion on Custom Designed Protein Nanopatterns. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5393-5403. [PMID: 26132305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix is deregulated in metastasis. However, traditional surfaces used to study cell adhesion do not faithfully mimic the in vivo microenvironment. Electron beam lithography (EBL) is able to generate customized protein nanopatterns. Here, we used an EBL-based green lithography approach to fabricate homogeneous and gradient, single (fibronectin, K-casein) and double (fibronectin, laminin) active component protein nanopatterns with micrometer scale spacing to investigate differences in adhesion of breast cancer cells (BCC) and normal mammary epithelial cells (NMEC). Our results showed that as expected, in contrast to NMEC, BCC were plastic: they tolerated nonadhesion promoting regions, adapted to flow and exploited gradients better. In addition, the number of focal adhesions but not their area appeared to be the dominant parameter for regulation of cell adhesion. Our findings also demonstrated that custom designed protein nanopatterns, which can properly mimic the in vivo microenvironment, enable realistic distinction of normal and cancerous cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utku Horzum
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Urla/Izmir, Turkey
| | - Berrin Ozdil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Urla/Izmir, Turkey
| | - Devrim Pesen-Okvur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Urla/Izmir, Turkey
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7
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8
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Koyama S, Tsubouchi T, Usui K, Uematsu K, Tame A, Nogi Y, Ohta Y, Hatada Y, Kato C, Miwa T, Toyofuku T, Nagahama T, Konishi M, Nagano Y, Abe F. Involvement of flocculin in negative potential-applied ITO electrode adhesion of yeast cells. FEMS Yeast Res 2015; 15:fov064. [PMID: 26187908 PMCID: PMC4629795 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fov064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop novel methods for attachment and cultivation of specifically positioned single yeast cells on a microelectrode surface with the application of a weak electrical potential. Saccharomyces cerevisiae diploid strains attached to an indium tin oxide/glass (ITO) electrode to which a negative potential between −0.2 and −0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl was applied, while they did not adhere to a gallium-doped zinc oxide/glass electrode surface. The yeast cells attached to the negative potential-applied ITO electrodes showed normal cell proliferation. We found that the flocculin FLO10 gene-disrupted diploid BY4743 mutant strain (flo10Δ /flo10Δ) almost completely lost the ability to adhere to the negative potential-applied ITO electrode. Our results indicate that the mechanisms of diploid BY4743 S. cerevisiae adhesion involve interaction between the negative potential-applied ITO electrode and the Flo10 protein on the cell wall surface. A combination of micropatterning techniques of living single yeast cell on the ITO electrode and omics technologies holds potential of novel, highly parallelized, microchip-based single-cell analysis that will contribute to new screening concepts and applications. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were selectively attached on the negative potential-applied indium tin oxide/glass electrode. Mechanisms of the yeast cell attachment involve Flocculin Flo10 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumihiro Koyama
- Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Taishi Tsubouchi
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Keiko Usui
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Uematsu
- Department of Marine Science, Marine Works Japan Ltd., 3-54-1 Oppamahigashi, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tame
- Department of Marine Science, Marine Works Japan Ltd., 3-54-1 Oppamahigashi, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nogi
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yukari Ohta
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yuji Hatada
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kato
- Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miwa
- Marine Technology and Engineering Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyofuku
- Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Takehiko Nagahama
- Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Notre Dame Seishin University, 2-16-9 Ifuku-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8516, Japan
| | - Masaaki Konishi
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology, 165 Koen-cho, Kitami, Hokkaido 090-8507, Japan
| | - Yuriko Nagano
- Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Abe
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
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9
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Bat E, Lee J, Lau UY, Maynard HD. Trehalose glycopolymer resists allow direct writing of protein patterns by electron-beam lithography. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6654. [PMID: 25791943 PMCID: PMC4412366 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct-write patterning of multiple proteins on surfaces is of tremendous interest for a myriad of applications. Precise arrangement of different proteins at increasingly smaller dimensions is a fundamental challenge to apply the materials in tissue engineering, diagnostics, proteomics and biosensors. Herein, we present a new resist that protects proteins during electron-beam exposure and its application in direct-write patterning of multiple proteins. Polymers with pendant trehalose units are shown to effectively crosslink to surfaces as negative resists, while at the same time providing stabilization to proteins during the vacuum and electron-beam irradiation steps. In this manner, arbitrary patterns of several different classes of proteins such as enzymes, growth factors and immunoglobulins are realized. Utilizing the high-precision alignment capability of electron-beam lithography, surfaces with complex patterns of multiple proteins are successfully generated at the micrometre and nanometre scale without requiring cleanroom conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Bat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Uland Y. Lau
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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El Muslemany KM, Twite AA, ElSohly AM, Obermeyer AC, Mathies RA, Francis MB. Photoactivated bioconjugation between ortho-azidophenols and anilines: a facile approach to biomolecular photopatterning. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:12600-6. [PMID: 25171554 DOI: 10.1021/ja503056x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods for the surface patterning of small molecules and biomolecules can yield useful platforms for drug screening, synthetic biology applications, diagnostics, and the immobilization of live cells. However, new techniques are needed to achieve the ease, feature sizes, reliability, and patterning speed necessary for widespread adoption. Herein, we report an easily accessible and operationally simple photoinitiated reaction that can achieve patterned bioconjugation in a highly chemoselective manner. The reaction involves the photolysis of 2-azidophenols to generate iminoquinone intermediates that couple rapidly to aniline groups. We demonstrate the broad functional group compatibility of this reaction for the modification of proteins, polymers, oligonucleotides, peptides, and small molecules. As a specific application, the reaction was adapted for the photolithographic patterning of azidophenol DNA on aniline glass substrates. The presence of the DNA was confirmed by the ability of the surface to capture living cells bearing the sequence complement on their cell walls or cytoplasmic membranes. Compared to other light-based DNA patterning methods, this reaction offers higher speed and does not require the use of a photoresist or other blocking material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem M El Muslemany
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
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11
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Grevesse T, Versaevel M, Gabriele S. Preparation of hydroxy-PAAm hydrogels for decoupling the effects of mechanotransduction cues. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 25225964 DOI: 10.3791/51010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that many cellular functions are regulated by interactions of cells with physicochemical and mechanical cues of their extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Eukaryotic cells constantly sense their local microenvironment through surface mechanosensors to transduce physical changes of ECM into biochemical signals, and integrate these signals to achieve specific changes in gene expression. Interestingly, physicochemical and mechanical parameters of the ECM can couple with each other to regulate cell fate. Therefore, a key to understanding mechanotransduction is to decouple the relative contribution of ECM cues on cellular functions. Here we present a detailed experimental protocol to rapidly and easily generate biologically relevant hydrogels for the independent tuning of mechanotransduction cues in vitro. We chemically modified polyacrylamide hydrogels (PAAm) to surmount their intrinsically non-adhesive properties by incorporating hydroxyl-functionalized acrylamide monomers during the polymerization. We obtained a novel PAAm hydrogel, called hydroxy-PAAm, which permits immobilization of any desired nature of ECM proteins. The combination of hydroxy-PAAm hydrogels with microcontact printing allows to independently control the morphology of single-cells, the matrix stiffness, the nature and the density of ECM proteins. We provide a simple and rapid method that can be set up in every biology lab to study in vitro cell mechanotransduction processes. We validate this novel two-dimensional platform by conducting experiments on endothelial cells that demonstrate a mechanical coupling between ECM stiffness and the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grevesse
- Laboratoire Interfaces et Fluides Complexes, Université de Mons
| | - Marie Versaevel
- Laboratoire Interfaces et Fluides Complexes, Université de Mons
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Laboratoire Interfaces et Fluides Complexes, Université de Mons;
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12
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Rodda AE, Meagher L, Nisbet DR, Forsythe JS. Specific control of cell–material interactions: Targeting cell receptors using ligand-functionalized polymer substrates. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Grevesse T, Versaevel M, Circelli G, Desprez S, Gabriele S. A simple route to functionalize polyacrylamide hydrogels for the independent tuning of mechanotransduction cues. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:777-80. [PMID: 23334710 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc41168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Physico-chemical and biochemical factors in the local cellular microenvironment are known to impact on multiple aspects of cell behaviour through specific signal pathways. These mechanotransduction cues can couple each other to regulate cell fate, and it remains unclear whether mechanotransduction in different contexts shares common mechanisms. Undoubtedly, a challenge will involve the further characterization of such cooperative mechanisms, as well as clearly defining the individual role of each mechanical and biochemical parameter. To control these mechanotransduction cues in an independent manner, we developed a simple and efficient strategy to immobilize any desired nature of proteins on polyacrylamide hydrogels and independently control various parameters of the cell microenvironment, such as matrix stiffness, cell-binding ligand density and confined adhesiveness. This novel platform is validated by conducting single-cell experiments and opens a broad avenue for studying complex interplays involved in mechanotransduction with a facile and versatile approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grevesse
- Mechanobiology & Soft Matter Group, Interfaces et Fluides Complexes, CIRMAP, Biosciences and Complexys Research Institutes, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
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14
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Micropatterning of biomolecules on a glass substrate in fused silica microchannels by using photolabile linker-based surface activation. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-012-0856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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15
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Subramani C, Saha K, Creran B, Bajaj A, Moyano DF, Wang H, Rotello VM. Cell alignment using patterned biocompatible gold nanoparticle templates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:1209-13, 1126. [PMID: 22354857 PMCID: PMC3605712 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible structures are produced for cellular patterning. The biocompatible surfaces are generated to provide protein nonfouling patterns, offering direct communication to the cells for controlling cell adhesion and proliferation. These biofunctional surfaces provide a platform for aligning the cells in the direction of patterns, indicating potential application in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishnendu Saha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Brian Creran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Daniel F. Moyano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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16
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Abstract
The actual progress towards biological chip devices consisting of nanostructured functional entities is summarized. The practical aspects of molecular nanobiochips are discussed, including the main surface chemistry platforms, as well as conventional and unconventional fabrication tools. Several successful biological demonstrations of the first generation of nanobiochip devices (mainly, different nanoarrays) are highlighted with the aim of revealing the potential of this technology in life sciences, medicine, and related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramūnas Valiokas
- Department of Nanoengineering, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanorių 231, 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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17
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Heinz WF, Hoh M, Hoh JH. Laser inactivation protein patterning of cell culture microenvironments. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3336-46. [PMID: 21858278 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein micropatterned substrates have emerged as important tools for studying how cells interact with their environment, as well as allowing useful experimental control over, for example, cell shape and cell position on a surface. Here we present a new approach for protein micropatterning in which a focused laser is used to locally inactivate proteins on a protein-coated substrate. By translating the laser relative to the substrate, protein patterns of essentially arbitrary shape can be produced. This approach has a number of useful features. To begin, it is a maskless writing approach. Thus new patterns can be designed and implemented quickly. Laser inactivation can also be performed on a number of different substrate materials, ranging from glass to polydimethylsiloxane. Further, the inactivation is dose dependent, thus complex gradients and other non-uniform distributions of proteins can be produced. Because the focus of the laser can be changed quickly, laser-based patterning can also be applied to substrates with complex topographies or enclosed surfaces--as long as an optical path is available. To demonstrate this capability, protein patterns were made on the inside of small quartz capillary tubes. Patterned substrates produced using laser inactivation constrain cell shape in predictable ways, and we show that these substrates are compatible with a number of different eukaryotic cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Heinz
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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18
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Zhang X, Gao X, Jiang L, Zhang X, Qin J. Nanofiber-modified surface directed cell migration and orientation in microsystem. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2011; 5:32007-3200710. [PMID: 22662030 PMCID: PMC3364818 DOI: 10.1063/1.3614457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cell-microscale pattern surface interactions are crucial to understand many fundamental biological questions and develop regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches. In this work, we demonstrated a simple method to pattern PDMS surface by sacrificing poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) electrospinning nanofibers and investigated the growth profile of cells on the modified patterned surfaces using stroma cells. The stromal cells were observed to exhibit good viability on this modified surface and the patterned surface with alignment nanofibers could promote cell migration. Furthermore, the modified PDMS surface was integrated with microfluidic channels to create the microscale spatial factor and was used to explore the cell migration and orientation under this microsystem. Both spatial factor and patterned surfaces were found to contribute to the complex cell orientation under the combined dual effects. This established method is simple, fast, and easy for use, demonstrating the potential of this microsystem for applications in addressing biological questions in complex environment.
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19
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Koyama S. Electrically modulated attachment and detachment of animal cells cultured on an optically transparent patterning electrode. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 111:574-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Wu CC, Reinhoudt DN, Otto C, Subramaniam V, Velders AH. Strategies for patterning biomolecules with dip-pen nanolithography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:989-1002. [PMID: 21400657 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based lithography technique, which has the ability to fabricate patterns with a feature size down to approximately 15 nm using both top-down and bottom-up approaches. DPN utilizes the water meniscus formed between an AFM tip and a substrate to transfer ink molecules onto surfaces. A major application of this technique is the fabrication of micro- and nano-arrays of patterned biomolecules. To achieve this goal, a variety of chemical approaches has been used. This review concisely describes the development of DPN in the past decade and presents the related chemical strategies that have been reported to fabricate biomolecular patterns with DPN at micrometer and nanometer scale, classified into direct- and indirect DPN methodologies, discussing tip-functionalization strategies as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ching Wu
- Laboratory for Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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21
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He J, Qi X, Miao Y, Wu HL, He N, Zhu JJ. Application of smart nanostructures in medicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 5:1129-38. [PMID: 20874025 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart nanostructures are sensitive to various environmental or biological parameters. They offer great potential for numerous biomedical applications such as monitoring, diagnoses, repair and treatment of human biological systems. The present work introduces smart nanostructures for biomedical applications. In addition to drug delivery, which has been extensively reported and reviewed, increasing interest has been observed in using smart nanostructures to develop various novel techniques of sensing, imaging, tissue engineering, biofabrication, nanodevices and nanorobots for the improvement of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing He
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Electrochemistry & Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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22
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Kim DH, Lee H, Lee YK, Nam JM, Levchenko A. Biomimetic nanopatterns as enabling tools for analysis and control of live cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:4551-4566. [PMID: 20803528 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly evident that cell biology research can be considerably advanced through the use of bioengineered tools enabled by nanoscale technologies. Recent advances in nanopatterning techniques pave the way for engineering biomaterial surfaces that control cellular interactions from the nano- to the microscale, allowing more precise quantitative experimentation capturing multi-scale aspects of complex tissue physiology in vitro. The spatially and temporally controlled display of extracellular signaling cues on nanopatterned surfaces (e. g., cues in the form of chemical ligands, controlled stiffness, texture, etc.) that can now be achieved on biologically relevant length scales is particularly attractive enabling experimental platform for investigating fundamental mechanisms of adhesion-mediated cell signaling. Here, we present an overview of bio-nanopatterning methods, with the particular focus on the recent advances on the use of nanofabrication techniques as enabling tools for studying the effects of cell adhesion and signaling on cell function. We also highlight the impact of nanoscale engineering in controlling cell-material interfaces, which can have profound implications for future development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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23
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Hoa X, Kirk A, Tabrizian M. Enhanced SPR response from patterned immobilization of surface bioreceptors on nano-gratings. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:3043-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Pesen D, Haviland DB. Modulation of cell adhesion complexes by surface protein patterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2009; 1:543-548. [PMID: 20355973 DOI: 10.1021/am800264h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion is an important process in several biological phenomena. To investigate the formation and organization of focal adhesions, we developed a patterning approach based on electron beam lithography. Nanodots (radius <1230 nm) and nanorings (inner radius <320 nm) of fibronectin (FN) were patterned on a K-Casein background. Intracellular vinculin immunofluorescence mirrored the FN nanopatterns. Atomic force microscopy showed that FN nanodots and nanorings organize the immediate cytoskeleton into straight fibrils and diverging fibril bundles, respectively. Our results suggest that a minimum of approximately 40 FN molecules is required for a cell to form a focal adhesion.
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25
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Heyries KA, Mandon CA, Ceriotti L, Ponti J, Colpo P, Blum LJ, Marquette CA. “Macromolecules to PDMS transfer” as a general route for PDMS biochips. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:1146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 06/04/2008] [Accepted: 06/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Fabrication and characterization of patterned immobilization of quantum dots on metallic nano-gratings. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:976-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Ghosh M, Alves C, Tong Z, Tettey K, Konstantopoulos K, Stebe KJ. Multifunctional surfaces with discrete functionalized regions for biological applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:8134-42. [PMID: 18582132 PMCID: PMC2646758 DOI: 10.1021/la8006525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we describe a method for creating multifunctional glass surfaces presenting discrete patches of different proteins on an inert PEG-functionalized background. Microcontact printing is used to stamp the substrate with octadecyltrichlorosilane to define the active regions. The substrate is then back-filled with PEG-silane {[[2-methoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)]propyl]trimethoxysilane} to define passive regions. A microfluidics device is subsequently affixed to the substrate to deliver proteins to the active regions, with as many channels as there are proteins to be patterned. Examples of trifunctional surfaces are given which present three terminating functional groups, i.e., protein 1, protein 2, and PEG. These surfaces should be broadly useful in biological studies, as patch size is well established to influence cell viability, growth, and differentiation. Three examples of cellular interactions with the surfaces are demonstrated, including the capture of cells from a single cell suspension, the selective sorting of cells from a mixed suspension, and the adhesion of cells to ligand micropatches at critical shear stresses. Within these examples, we demonstrate that the patterned immobilized proteins are active, as they retain their ability to interact with either antibodies in solution or receptors presented by cells. When appropriate (e.g., for E-selectin), proteins are patterned in their physiological orientations using a sandwich immobilization technique, which is readily accommodated within our method. The protein surface densities are highly reproducible in the patches, as supported by fluorescence intensity measurements. Potential applications include biosensors based on the interaction of cells or of marker proteins with protein patches, fundamental studies of cell adhesion as a function of patch size and shear stress, and studies of cell differentiation as a function of surface cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniraj Ghosh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Christina Alves
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Ziqiu Tong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Kwadwo Tettey
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Kathleen J. Stebe
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (K.K.); (K.J.S.)
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28
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Nakayama K, Tachikawa T, Majima T. Protein recording material: photorecord/erasable protein array using a UV-eliminative linker. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:1625-1628. [PMID: 18211110 DOI: 10.1021/la703354c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein patterning on solid surfaces is a topic of significant importance in the fields of biosensors, diagnostic assays, cell adhesion technologies, and biochip microarrays. In this letter, we have established a novel, rapid method for the fabrication of a "protein recording material", which enables us to spatiotemporally regulate the recording, reading, and erasing of a fluorescent protein array as information by a photochemical technique. A photolinker that we synthesized here was used to control the protein array spatiotemporally. The recording process was almost completed after 1 min of photoirradiation to read a clear pattern consisting of a specific protein-ligand complex with high spatiotemporal resolution. The erasing of the protein array was then achieved by photoirradiation onto the entire patterned surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nakayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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29
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Gadegaard N, Chen X, Rutten FJM, Alexander MR. High-energy electron beam lithography of octadecylphosphonic acid monolayers on aluminum. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:2057-2063. [PMID: 18215077 DOI: 10.1021/la701733n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Monolayers of octadecylphosphonic acid were self-assembled on silicon substrates sputter coated with aluminum. Patterning of the self-assembled monolayer was achieved by high-energy electron (50 kV) illumination using an electron beam lithography tool. The change in chemical composition of the exposed monolayer was investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry over an area of 100 x 100 microm2. The electron dose required to fully expose the SAM was found to be about 6 mC/cm2. Gratings were exposed with line widths from 10 microm to 100 nm. The resulting patterns were imaged using friction force microscopy. It was found that the minimum line width is limited to ca. 100 nm by the patterning resolution. The pattern resolution achieved, ca. 40 nm, is equal to the grain size of the sputter-coated aluminum layer, and the possibility that the grain size limits the pattern resolution is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Gadegaard
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, United Kingdom.
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30
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Pesen D, Erlandsson A, Ulfendahl M, Haviland DB. Image reversal for direct electron beam patterning of protein coated surfaces. LAB ON A CHIP 2007; 7:1603-1606. [PMID: 17960293 DOI: 10.1039/b710991a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Electron beam lithography (EBL) is used to create surfaces with protein patterns, which are characterized by immunofluorescence and atomic force microscopies. Both negative and positive image processes are realized by electron beam irradiation of proteins absorbed on a silicon surface, where image reversal is achieved by selectively binding a second species of protein to the electron beam exposed areas on the first protein layer. Biofunctionality at the cellular level was established by culturing cortical cells on patterned lines of fibronectin adsorbed on a bovine serum albumin background for 7 days in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Pesen
- Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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31
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Pesen D, Heinz WF, Werbin JL, Hoh JH, Haviland DB. Electron beam patterning of fibronectin nanodots that support focal adhesion formation. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:1280-1284. [PMID: 32900093 DOI: 10.1039/b710659a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanodots of fibronectin which have radii as small as 100 nm and are biofunctional at the cellular level, can be rapidly fabricated in arbitrary spatial patterns using a technique based on electron beam exposure of a protein monolayer with subsequent backfilling of a second protein species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Pesen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - William F Heinz
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Werbin
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jan H Hoh
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David B Haviland
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
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32
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Coyer S, García A, Delamarche E. Facile Preparation of Complex Protein Architectures with Sub-100-nm Resolution on Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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33
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Coyer SR, García AJ, Delamarche E. Facile Preparation of Complex Protein Architectures with Sub-100-nm Resolution on Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6837-40. [PMID: 17577910 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Coyer
- IBM Research GmbH, Zurich Research Laboratory, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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