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Roy S. Prins-Friedel-Crafts Cyclization: Synthesis of Diversely Functionalized Six- Membered Oxacycles. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210114105020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prins cyclization is a well-established synthetic protocol to generate a wide range
of important oxygen heterocycles. It is a cyclization reaction performed by an oxocarbenium
ion that undergoes an intramolecular pi-bond attack to construct a new carbon-carbon bond.
When this cyclization process is conjugated with Friedel-Crafts reaction, it further expands
the synthetic potential by fabricating two different carbon-carbon bonds in one single reaction.
Different acid catalysts mediated the coupled Prins-Friedel-Crafts reaction which is conducted
both in stepwise as well as in tandem fashion. In the stepwise route, three different
reacting components were utilized whereas, the tandem methodology required proper modification
of the initial substrate molecule. An array of allylic, propargylic, other related alkenols,
and carbonyl reactants were employed to carry out the cyclization process. Several oxygenated
heterocycles equipped with diverse functionalities were constructed in a stereoselective manner which again
reinforced the significance of this cyclization protocol undoubtedly. The present mini-review highlights the utilization
of different one-pot stepwise Prins-Friedel-Crafts reactions and the subsequent development of cascade Prins-
Friedel-Crafts cyclization process to furnish intricate molecular architectures of vital six-membered oxacycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Banwarilal Bhalotia College, Asansol-713303, West Bengal, India
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2
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Fontaneda R, Fañanás FJ, Rodríguez F. Construction of a diverse set of terpenoid decalin subunits from a common enantiomerically pure scaffold obtained by a biomimetic cationic cyclization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11025-11028. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07281g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented biomimetic cationic cyclization reaction is used for the synthesis of an enantiomerically pure scaffold that is easily transformed into a set of structurally diverse decalin derivatives with potential application in the synthesis of targeted natural products and/or natural-product-inspired new molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fontaneda
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006-Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Francisco J. Fañanás
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006-Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Félix Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006-Oviedo
- Spain
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3
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Chen W, Sana K, Jiang Y, Meyer EVS, Lapp S, Galinski MR, Liebeskind LS. Regio- and Stereospecific Uncatalyzed Reactions of Electron-Rich Arenes and Olefins at Organomolybdenum Enantiomeric Scaffolds. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om401087h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Chen
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kasinath Sana
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yi Jiang
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Esmerelda V. S. Meyer
- Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate
Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Stacey Lapp
- Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate
Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Mary R. Galinski
- Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes National Primate
Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department
of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lanny S. Liebeskind
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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4
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Synthesis of chiral iodo-N,O-acetonide aminal scaffolds via an efficient cascade reaction of amino acid-derived epoxides. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Wong H, Garnier-Amblard EC, Liebeskind LS. Organometallic enantiomeric scaffolding: a strategy for the enantiocontrolled construction of regio- and stereodivergent trisubstituted piperidines from a common precursor. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:7517-27. [PMID: 21513336 PMCID: PMC3107969 DOI: 10.1021/ja201012p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is a general and efficient method to construct 2,3,6-trisubstituted piperidines in a substituent-independent fashion. From the high enantiopurity organometallic scaffold (-)-Tp(CO)(2)[(η-2,3,4)-(1S,2S)-1-benzyloxycarbonyl-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyridin-2-yl)molybdenum (Tp = hydridotrispyrazolylborato), a variety of TpMo(CO)(2)-based 2,3,6-trifunctionalized complexes of the (η-3,4,5-dihydropyridinyl) ligand were easily obtained in 5 steps through a sequence of highly regio- and stereospecific metal-influenced transformations (15 examples). From the 2,3,6-trifunctionalized molybdenum complexes, either 2,6-cis-3-trans or 2,3,6-cis systems were selectively obtained through the choice of an appropriate stereodivergent demetalation protocol. The potential of this strategy in synthetic chemistry was demonstrated by the short total synthesis of four natural and one non-natural alkaloids: indolizidines (±)-209I and (±)-8-epi-219F in the racemic series, and enantiocontrolled syntheses of (-)-indolizidine 251N, (-)-quinolizidine 251AA, and (-)-dehydroindolizidine 233E.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lanny S. Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
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6
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Coombs TC, Huang W, Garnier-Amblard EC, Liebeskind LS. Novel Substitutions of 1-Alkoxy- and 1-Arylsulfonyloxy-η-Allylmolybdenum Complexes. A Case for η-Alkenyl Carbene Complexes as Intermediates. Organometallics 2010; 29:5083-5097. [PMID: 21116457 DOI: 10.1021/om100305f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of acyclic and cyclic 1-alkoxy- and 1-arylsulfonyloxy-substituted TpMo(CO)(2)(η(3)-allyl) complexes was synthesized and characterized, and exchange of the oxygenated substituent was investigated under a variety of reaction conditions. 1-Alkoxy-substituted η(3)-allyl and η(3)-butenyl complexes participated in direct, uncatalyzed exchange of the alkoxy substituent with benzylamine, but required a Lewis acid for exchange with alcohols. The 1-alkoxy-substituted η(3)-cyclohexenyl complex was unreactive towards exchange under all conditions investigated. The corresponding acyclic arylsulfonyloxy-substituted complexes underwent direct, uncatalyzed exchange with both benzylamine and alcohols, while the arylsulfonyloxy-substituted cyclohexenyl compounds participated in direct substitution with benzylamine, but not alcohols. High enantiopurity acyclic and cyclic alkoxy- and arylsulfonyloxy-substituted complexes provided exchange products with predominant, but incomplete, losses in enantiomeric excess in all cases examined. Mechanisms accounting for the observed reactivity trends and for the losses in enantiomeric excess are discussed. Reaction of alkoxy-substituted complexes through an associative mechanism and of arylsulfonyloxy-substituted compounds through a dissociative mechanism is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Coombs
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Chen W, Liebeskind LS. A new reaction motif: "homo-S(N)2'-like" direct nucleophilic addition to neutral eta(3)-allylmolybdenum complexes. total synthesis of the antimalarial (+)-isofebrifugine. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:12546-7. [PMID: 19678704 DOI: 10.1021/ja9056322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Charge neutral TpMo(CO)(2)(5-acyloxy-eta(3)-pyranyl) and TpMo(CO)(2)(5-acyloxy-eta(3)-pyridinyl) scaffolds undergo a novel intermolecular "homo-S(N)2'-like" reaction with a variety of carbon nucleophiles. Combined with an annulative demetalation, the homo-S(N)2'-like substitution/annulative demetalation sequence rapidly generates 2,7-dioxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane and 2-aza-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane frameworks in good to excellent yields with high enantiopurity. An enantiocontrolled total synthesis of the antimalarial alkaloid (+)-isofebrifugine was achieved utilizing this reaction cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Chen
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Cheng B, Liebeskind LS. Organometallic enantiomeric scaffolding. A molybdenum-mediated intramolecular nucleophilic ketalization-demetalation cascade. Total synthesis of (+)-(1R,2S,5S,7R)-2-hydroxy-exo-brevicomin. Org Lett 2009; 11:3682-5. [PMID: 19627126 PMCID: PMC2736330 DOI: 10.1021/ol901523g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
TpMo(CO)(2)(5-oxo-eta(3)-pyranyl) scaffolds bearing an internal alkoxide undergo a novel intramolecular nucleophilic ketalization reaction. The anionic intermediate is easily demetalated, rapidly providing the 6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one framework in moderate to good yields with high enantiopurity. An enantiocontrolled total synthesis of (+)-(1R,2S,5S,7R)-2-hydroxy-exo-brevicomin was accomplished utilizing the reaction sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cheng
- Emory University, Department of Chemistry, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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9
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Coombs TC, Zhang Y, Garnier-Amblard EC, Liebeskind LS. Organometallic enantiomeric scaffolding. Sequential semipinacol/1,5-"Michael-like" reactions as a strategic approach to bridgehead-quaternary center aza[3.3.1]bicyclics: application to the total synthesis of (-)-adaline. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:876-7. [PMID: 19123794 DOI: 10.1021/ja808533z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A nontraditional approach to the enantiocontrolled construction of quaternary center-bearing heteroatom-bridged bicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes (homotropanes) is reported that is based on organometallic enantiomeric scaffolding. This strategy takes advantage of the unique reactivity profiles of TpMo(CO)(2)(5-oxo-eta(3)-pyranyl) and TpMo(CO)(2)(5-oxo-eta(3)-pyridinyl) scaffolds, and features a molybdenum-mediated semipinacol/1,5-"Michael-like" reaction sequence to establish the quaternary center and synthesize the bridged bicyclic structure. An asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-adaline highlights this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Coombs
- Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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10
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Pigge FC, Dalvi R. Metal-mediated dearomatization leading to 2-azaspiro[4.5]decanes via tandem nucleophilic aromatic addition–Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination–oxidative demetalation sequences. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Garnier EC, Liebeskind LS. Organometallic enantiomeric scaffolding: general access to 2-substituted oxa- and azabicyclo[3.2.1]octenes via a Brønsted acid catalyzed [5 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:7449-58. [PMID: 18479131 DOI: 10.1021/ja800664v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
6-Substituted TpMo(CO) 2(eta-2,3,4-pyranyl)- and TpMo(CO) 2(eta-2,3,4-pyridinyl) scaffolds (Tp = hydridotrispyrazolylborato) function as reaction partners in an efficient regio- and stereocontrolled synthesis of functionalized oxa- and azabicyclo[3.2.1]octenes through a novel Brønsted acid catalyzed [5 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. Excellent exo-selectivities are obtained, and the reaction gives products with complete retention of enantiomeric purity when carried out with chiral, nonracemic scaffolds. The substituent at C-6 of the eta (3)-coordinated heterocyclic scaffold not only influences [5 + 2] reactivity but also plays a critical role in the demetalation step directing the reaction to only one of two possible products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel C Garnier
- Emory University, Department of Chemistry, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Coombs TC, Lee MD, Wong H, Armstrong M, Cheng B, Chen W, Moretto AF, Liebeskind LS. Practical, scalable, high-throughput approaches to eta3-pyranyl and eta3-pyridinyl organometallic enantiomeric scaffolds using the Achmatowicz reaction. J Org Chem 2008; 73:882-8. [PMID: 18171075 DOI: 10.1021/jo702006z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A unified strategy for the high-throughput synthesis of multigram quantities of the eta(3)-oxopyranyl- and eta(3)-oxopyridinylmolybdenum complexes TpMo(CO)(2)(eta(3)-oxopyranyl) and TpMo(CO)(2)(eta(3)-oxopyridinyl) is described (Tp = hydridotrispyrazolylborato). The strategy uses the oxa- and aza-Achmatowicz reaction for the preparation of these organometallic enantiomeric scaffolds, in both racemic and high enantiopurity versions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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