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Mao ZD, Fu JH, He Y, Song Y, Tan BC, Chen LT, Wu XT, Sheng TL. Azo-Cyanamide Bridged Dinuclear Iron Complexes Exhibiting no Electronic Coupling but Moderate Magnetic Coupling between the two Iron Centers. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400009. [PMID: 38282142 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of long-distance organic ligand on electronic coupling between metallic atoms, the mononuclear and dinuclear complexes [Cp(dppe)Fe(apc)] (1), [{Cp(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc)] (2), [{CpMe5(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc) (3) and their oxidized complexes [Cp(dppe)Fe(apc)][PF6] (1[PF6]), [{Cp(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc)][PF6] (2[PF6]2), [{CpMe5(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc)][PF6]2 (3[PF6]2) (Cp=1,3-cyclopentadiene, CpMe5=1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadiene, dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), apc-=4-azo(phenylcyanamido)benzene and adpc2-=4,4'-azodi(phenylcyanamido)) were synthesized and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectra. Electrochemical measurements showed no electronic coupling between the two terminal Fe units, However, the investigation results of the magnetic properties of the two-electron oxidized complexes indicate the presence of moderate antiferromagnetic coupling across 18 Å distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Dong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Chang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
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2
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Vasiļevska A, Slanina T. Structure-property-function relationships of stabilized and persistent C- and N-based triaryl radicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:252-264. [PMID: 38086625 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05706b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Structurally similar C- and N-based triaryl radicals are among the most commonly used structural motifs in stable, open-shell, organic molecules. The application of such species is associated with their stability, properties and structural design. This study summarizes the basic stabilization and persistence principles of C- and N-based triaryl radicals and highlights recent advances in design strategies of radicals tailored for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vasiļevska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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3
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Zeng C, Xu QD, Liu XL, Yang YY, Hu SM, Wu XT, Sheng TL. Metal-Metal Charge Transfer Properties of a Series of Trinuclear Fe 2 Ru and Corresponding Pentanuclear Fe 2 Ru 2 Ag Cyanido-Bridged Complexes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300433. [PMID: 37526193 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of trimetallic cyanidometal-bridged compounds [Men Cp(dppe)FeII -(μ-NC)-RuII (MeOpy)4 -(μ-CN)-FeII (dppe)CpMen ] - [PF6 ]2 (N[PF6 ]2 , n=0, N =1; n=1, N=2; n=3, N=3; Cp=cyclopentadiene, dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, MeOpy=4-methoxypyridine) and their one- and two-electron oxidized compounds N3+ and N4+ were synthesized and characterized. Meanwhile, a series of corresponding linear cyanido-bridged pentanuclear compounds [Men Cp(dppe)FeIII -(μ-NC)-RuII (MeOpy)4 -(μ-NC)-AgI -(μ-CN)-RuII (MeOpy)4 -(μ-CN)-FeIII (dppe)CpMen ][BF4 ]5 (M[BF4 ]5 , n=0, M=4; n=1, M=5; n=3, M=6) were also obtained and well characterized. The investigations suggest that in the trinuclear system there exists remote interaction between the two Fe centers, but no significant interactions exist across the central silver unit between the metals on the two sides of the silver center in the pentanuclear system. In both the trinuclear N4+ and the pentanuclear M5+ complexes, there exists the neighboring RuII →FeIII MM'CT transitions, and the MM'CT energy in the corresponding trinuclear system is higher than those in the pentanuclear system in which no remote metal-metal interaction occurs. Meanwhile, as the substituted methyl groups on the cyclopentadiene increases, the redox potential of the ruthenium in the trinuclear N4+ series increases, but that in the pentanuclear M5+ complexes decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Dou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
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4
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Yang Y, Qiu L, Shi X. Chalcogen Effect of Atom Substitution on the Properties of Tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl(TTM) Radical. Chem Res Chin Univ 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-023-3008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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5
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Alcón I, Ribas-Ariño J, Moreira IDPR, Bromley ST. Emergent Spin Frustration in Neutral Mixed-Valence 2D Conjugated Polymers: A Potential Quantum Materials Platform. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5674-5683. [PMID: 36877195 PMCID: PMC10021012 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional conjugated polymers (2DCPs)─organic 2D materials composed of arrays of carbon sp2 centers connected by π-conjugated linkers─are attracting increasing attention due to their potential applications in device technologies. This interest stems from the ability of 2DCPs to host a range of correlated electronic and magnetic states (e.g., Mott insulators). Substitution of all carbon sp2 centers in 2DCPs by nitrogen or boron results in diamagnetic insulating states. Partial substitution of C sp2 centers by B or N atoms has not yet been considered for extended 2DCPs but has been extensively studied in the analogous neutral mixed-valence molecular systems. Here, we employ accurate first-principles calculations to predict the electronic and magnetic properties of a new class of hexagonally connected neutral mixed-valence 2DCPs in which every other C sp2 nodal center is substituted by either a N or B atom. We show that these neutral mixed-valence 2DCPs significantly energetically favor a state with emergent superexchange-mediated antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions between C-based spin-1/2 centers on a triangular sublattice. These AFM interactions are surprisingly strong and comparable to those in the parent compounds of cuprate superconductors. The rigid and covalently linked symmetric triangular AFM lattice in these materials thus provides a highly promising and robust basis for 2D spin frustration. As such, extended mixed-valence 2DCPs are a highly attractive platform for the future bottom-up realization of a new class of all-organic quantum materials, which could host exotic correlated electronic states (e.g., unusual magnetic ordering, quantum spin liquids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Alcón
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ribas-Ariño
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC), Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ibério de P R Moreira
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC), Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan T Bromley
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC), Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Lu C, Cho E, Cui Z, Gao Y, Cao W, Brédas JL, Coropceanu V, Li F. Towards Efficient and Stable Donor-Acceptor Luminescent Radicals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208190. [PMID: 36417767 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to closed-shell luminescent molecules, the electronic ground state and lowest excited state in organic luminescent radicals are both spin doublet, which results in spin-allowed radiative transitions. Most reported luminescent radicals with high photoluminescent quantum efficiency (PLQE) have a donor-acceptor (D-A•) chemical structure where an electron-donating group is covalently attached to an electron-withdrawing radical core (A•). Understanding the main factors that define the efficiency and stability of D-A• type luminescent radicals remains challenging. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of tri(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl (TTM) radical derivatives with donor substituents varying by their extent of conjugation and their number of imine-type nitrogen atoms. The experimental results suggest that the luminescence efficiency and stability of the radicals are proportional to the degree of conjugation but inversely proportional to the number of imine nitrogen atoms in the substituents. These experimental trends are very well reproduced by density functional theory calculations. The theoretical results indicate that both the luminescence efficiency and radical stability are related to the energy difference between the charge transfer (CT) and local-excitation (LE) states, which decreases as either the number of imine nitrogen atoms in the substituent increases or its conjugation length decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Eunkyung Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona College of Science, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona College of Science, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, USA
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona College of Science, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, USA
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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7
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Fluorescent Organic π‐Radicals Stabilized with Boron: Featuring a SOMO–LUMO Electronic Transition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201965. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Ito M, Shirai S, Xie Y, Kushida T, Ando N, Soutome H, Fujimoto KJ, Yanai T, Tabata K, Miyata Y, Kita H, Yamaguchi S. Fluorescent Organic π‐Radicals Stabilized with Boron: Featuring a SOMO–LUMO Electronic Transition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Graduate School of Science JAPAN
| | - Shusuke Shirai
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Graduate School of Science JAPAN
| | - Yongfa Xie
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Graduate School of Science JAPAN
| | | | - Naoki Ando
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Graduate School of Science JAPAN
| | - Hiroki Soutome
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Graduate School of Science JAPAN
| | - Kazuhiro J. Fujimoto
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules JAPAN
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Nagoya University: Nagoya Daigaku Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules JAPAN
| | | | | | | | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Nagoya University Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Furo, Chikusa 464-8602 Nagoya JAPAN
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9
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Jiang P, Yang X, Cao N, Zhu X, Zhang F, Liu SH, Ou YP. Tuning iron-amine electronic coupling by different aromatic bridges based on ferrocene-ethynyl-triarylamine systems. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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10
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Luo J, Rong XF, Ye YY, Li WZ, Wang XQ, Wang W. Research Progress on Triarylmethyl Radical-Based High-Efficiency OLED. Molecules 2022; 27:1632. [PMID: 35268732 PMCID: PMC8911689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perchlorotrityl radical (PTM), tris (2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) methyl radical (TTM), (3,5-dichloro-4-pyridyl) bis (2,4,6 trichlorophenyl) methyl radical (PyBTM), (N-carbazolyl) bis (2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) methyl radical (CzBTM), and their derivatives are stable organic radicals that exhibit light emissions at room temperature. Since these triarylmethyl radicals have an unpaired electron, their electron spins at the lowest excited state and ground state are both doublets, and the transition from the lowest excited state to the ground state does not pose the problem of a spin-forbidden reaction. When used as OLED layers, these triarylmethyl radicals exhibit unique light-emitting properties, which can increase the theoretical upper limit of the OLED's internal quantum efficiency (IQE) to 100%. In recent years, research on the luminescent properties of triarylmethyl radicals has attracted increasing attention. In this review, recent developments in these triarylmethyl radicals and their derivatives in OLED devices are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiao-Qiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (J.L.); (X.-F.R.); (Y.-Y.Y.); (W.-Z.L.)
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (J.L.); (X.-F.R.); (Y.-Y.Y.); (W.-Z.L.)
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11
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Breimaier S, Fröhlich N, Herberger J, Linseis M, Kivala M, Winter RF. Charge and Spin Delocalization in Mixed-Valent Vinylruthenium–Triarylamine-Conjugates with Planarized Triarylamines. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Breimaier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nina Fröhlich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich−Alexander-Universität Erlangen−Nürnberg, Nicolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Herberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Linseis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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12
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Breimaier S, Winter RF. Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies on Triarylamine‐Polychlorotriphenylmethyl Dyads with Particularly Strong Triarylamine Donors. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Breimaier
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
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13
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Singh A, Panda S, Dey S, Lahiri GK. Metal‐to‐Ligand Charge Transfer Induced Valence Tautomeric Forms of Non‐Innocent 2,2′‐Azobis(benzothiazole) in Ruthenium Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanchaita Dey
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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14
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Singh A, Panda S, Dey S, Lahiri GK. Metal‐to‐Ligand Charge Transfer Induced Valence Tautomeric Forms of Non‐Innocent 2,2′‐Azobis(benzothiazole) in Ruthenium Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11206-11210. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanchaita Dey
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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15
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Synthesis and redox properties of cyclometallated iridium (III) complexes modified with arylamino groups. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Mayorga-Burrezo P, Sporer C, de Sousa JA, Capra N, Wurst K, Crivillers N, Veciana J, Rovira C. Electrocatalytic oxidative Z/E isomerization of a stilbene favoured by the presence of an electroactive persistent radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14211-14214. [PMID: 33112297 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04973e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A push-pull-functionalized stilbene has been prepared, with an electroactive perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM˙) radical and dimethylamine units as electron-withdrawing and -donating moieties, respectively, showing an electrocatalytic redox-induced Z→E isomerization where the open-shell nature of PTM˙ plays a key role in the isomerization ocurrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mayorga-Burrezo
- Department of Molecular Nanoscience and Organic Materials, Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, E-08193, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Abdurahman A, Hele TJH, Gu Q, Zhang J, Peng Q, Zhang M, Friend RH, Li F, Evans EW. Understanding the luminescent nature of organic radicals for efficient doublet emitters and pure-red light-emitting diodes. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:1224-1229. [PMID: 32541936 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0705-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The doublet-spin nature of radical emitters is advantageous for applications in organic light-emitting diodes, as it avoids the formation of triplet excitons that limit the electroluminescence efficiency of non-radical emitters. However, radicals generally show low optical absorption and photoluminescence yields. Here we explain the poor optical properties of radicals based on alternant hydrocarbons, and establish design rules to increase the absorption and luminescence yields for donor-acceptor-type radicals. We show that non-alternant systems are necessary to lift the degeneracy of the lowest energy orbital excitations; moreover, intensity borrowing from an intense high-lying transition by the low-energy charge-transfer excitation enhances the oscillator strength of the emitter. We apply these rules to design tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl-pyridoindolyl derivatives with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (>90%). Organic light-emitting diodes based on these molecules showed a pure-red emission with an over 12% external quantum efficiency. These insights may be beneficial for the rational design and discovery of highly luminescent doublet emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim Abdurahman
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | | | - Qinying Gu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jiangbin Zhang
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qiming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | | | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China.
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Emrys W Evans
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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18
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Ou YP, Zhang J, Wang A, Yuan A, Yin C, Liu SH. Rutheniumethynyl-Triarylamine Organic-Inorganic Mixed-Valence Systems: Regulating Ru-N Electronic Coupling by Different Aryl Bridge Cores. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3338-3349. [PMID: 32840035 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Four rutheniumethynyl-triarylamine complexes 1-4 with different aryl bridge cores were prepared. The solid structures of complexes 2-4 were fully confirmed by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. Two consecutive one-electron oxidation processes of complexes 1-4 were attributed to the ruthenium and nitrogen centers, as revealed by cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammogram. Results also showed decreasing potential difference ΔE of complexes 1, 3, and 4, with the largest value for 2. Upon chemical oxidation of complexes 1-4 by 1.0 eq oxidation reagents FcPF6 or AgSbF6 , the mixed-valence complexes, except for 2+ , show characteristic broad NIR absorptions in the UV-vis-NIR spectroscopic experiments. NIR multiple absorptions were assigned to NAr2 →RuCp*(dppe) intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) and metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions by TDDFT calculations. Coupling parameter (Hab ) from Hush theory revealed that increasing electronic communication in 1+ , 3+ , and 4+ . Electron density distribution of the HOMO for neutral molecules (1, 3, and 4) and spin density distribution of the corresponding single-oxidized states (1+ , 3+ , and 4+ ) increases progressively on the bridge as the size of the aromatic system increases, proving incremental contributions from bridge cores during oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Ou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang, Hunan, 421008, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
| | - Aihui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang, Hunan, 421008, P.R. China
| | - Ande Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang, Hunan, 421008, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Yin
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hengyang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of Hunan Province College, Hengyang, Hunan, 421008, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P.R. China
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19
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Gu Q, Abdurahman A, Friend RH, Li F. Polymer Light Emitting Diodes with Doublet Emission. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5638-5642. [PMID: 32573241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting radicals have developed rapidly due to their unique doublet emission and great potential in display technology. Although some organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) exploiting small-molecular radicals as the emitters have been reported, there is no report about the polymer-radical-based OLEDs until now. Herein, a kind of polymer radical, PS-CzTTM, is adopted as the emitter to fabricate solution-processed OLEDs. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 3.0% is achieved for a deep-red device with an emissive layer of PS-CzTTM lightly doped in 2,2',2″-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) (TPBi). Temperature-dependent time-resolved photoluminescent spectra and transient electroluminescence of radical emitters and devices are first measured. The results demonstrate that the emission channels for both thin films and devices are from the transition of doublet excitons, indicating that the unique doublet emission mechanism of radicals is maintained in PS-CzTTM films and PS-CzTTM-based OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Gu
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, U.K
| | - Alim Abdurahman
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Avenue, 2699 Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Richard H Friend
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, U.K
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Avenue, 2699 Changchun, P. R. China
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20
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Tahara K, Terashita N, Tokunaga K, Yabumoto S, Kikuchi JI, Ozawa Y, Abe M. Zwitterionic Mixed Valence: Internalizing Counteranions into a Biferrocenium Framework toward Molecular Expression of Half-Cells in Quantum Cellular Automata. Chemistry 2019; 25:13728-13738. [PMID: 31376186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Realization of molecular quantum cellular automata (QCA), a promising architecture for molecular computing through current-free processes, requires improved understanding and application of mixed-valence (MV) molecules. In this report, we present an electrostatic approach to creating MV subspecies through internalizing opposite charges in close proximity to MV ionic moieties. This approach is demonstrated by unsymmetrically attaching a charge-responsive boron substituent to a well-known organometallic MV complex, biferrocenium. Guest anions (CN- and F- ) bind to the Lewis acidic boron center, leading to unusual blue-shifts of the intervalence charge-transfer (IVCT) bands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported example of a zwitterionic MV series in which the degree of positive charge delocalization can be varied by changing the bound anions, and serves to clarify the interplay between IVCT parameters. The key underlying factor is the variable zero-level energy difference in the MV states. This work provides new insight into imbuing MV molecules with external charge-responsiveness, a prerequisite of molecular QCA techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Nazuna Terashita
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ken Tokunaga
- Division of Liberal Arts, Centre for Promotion of Higher Education, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Shiomi Yabumoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
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21
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Diez-Cabanes V, Seber G, Franco C, Bejarano F, Crivillers N, Mas-Torrent M, Veciana J, Rovira C, Cornil J. Design of Perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) Radical-Based Compounds for Optoelectronic Applications: The Role of Orbital Delocalization. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2572-2578. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentín Diez-Cabanes
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons; Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Gonca Seber
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Carlos Franco
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
- Current affiliation: ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Nuria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons; Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
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22
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Dong S, Xu W, Guo H, Yan W, Zhang M, Li F. Effects of substituents on luminescent efficiency of stable triaryl methyl radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:18657-18662. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01492b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The factors affecting the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of perchlorotriphenyl methyl (PTM) and tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)methyl (TTM) radical derivatives were studied systematically for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Haoqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Wenfu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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23
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Hassenrück C, Winter RF. Manipulation and Assessment of Charge and Spin Delocalization in Mixed-Valent Triarylamine–Vinylruthenium Conjugates. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13517-13529. [PMID: 29035518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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24
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Chen L, Mallick S, Tan YN, Meng M, Liu CY. Charge Transfer Properties of Triarylamine Integrated Dimolybdenum Dyads. Inorg Chem 2017. [PMID: 28636342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three quadruply bonded dimolybdenum complexes equipped with a triarylamine pendant, [(DAniF)3Mo2(μ-O2CC6H4N(C6H4CH3)2] (DAniF = N,N'-di(p-anisyl)formamidinate; [OO-ph-N]), [(DAniF)3Mo2(μ-OSCC6H4N(C6H4CH3)2] ([OS-ph-N]), and [(DAniF)3Mo2(μ-S2CC6H4N(C6H4CH3)2] ([SS-ph-N]), have been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In electrochemical measurements, the redox couple for the organic amine group becomes irreversible, reflecting the substantially strong electronic interaction between the dimetal center and organic redox site. The potential difference for the two successive redox events, ca. ΔE1/2(E1/2(2)(N/N•+) - E1/2(1)(Mo2IV/V)), falls in the range of 0.5-0.8 V as estimated from the differential pulse voltammograms. For the monocation radicals [OO-ph-N]+, [OS-ph-N]+, and [SS-ph-N]+, obtained by chemical oxidation of the neutral precursor, a broad ligand (amine) to metal (Mo2) charge transfer (LMCT) absorption band is observed in the near-IR region. Interestingly, analogous to the intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) bands for mixed-valence complexes, the LMCT absorption bands, which are solvent dependent, decrease in energy and bandwidth as the electronic coupling between the two redox sites increases in an order of increasing S content in the chelating group. The electronic coupling matrix elements (Hab) are determined by optical analyses from the generalized Mulliken-Hush (GMH) theory, falling in the range of 400-800 cm-1 in CH2Cl2. These results indicate that in these radical cations the charge is localized. Time-dependent DFT calculations show that the frontier molecular orbitals for these asymmetrical donor-acceptor systems have unbalanced distribution of electron density, and the LMCT bands arise from an electronic transition from the pendant ligand-based to metal-based molecular orbitals, corresponding to donor (N)-acceptor (Mo2) charge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou-510632, China
| | - Suman Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou-510632, China
| | - Ying Ning Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou-510632, China
| | - Miao Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou-510632, China
| | - Chun Y Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou-510632, China
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25
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Wu X, Kim JO, Medina S, Ramírez FJ, Mayorga Burrezo P, Wu S, Lim ZL, Lambert C, Casado J, Kim D, Wu J. Push-Pull-Type Polychlorotriphenylmethyl Radicals: New Two-Photon Absorbers and Dyes for Generation of Photo-Charges. Chemistry 2017; 23:7698-7702. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Wu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, National; University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Jun Oh Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Samara Medina
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Malaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 229071 Malaga Spain
| | - Francisco J. Ramírez
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Malaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 229071 Malaga Spain
| | - Paula Mayorga Burrezo
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Malaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 229071 Malaga Spain
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National; University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Zheng Long Lim
- Department of Chemistry, National; University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Juan Casado
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Malaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 229071 Malaga Spain
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National; University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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26
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Mallick S, Cheng T, Chen L, Meng M, Zhang YY, Liu CY. A study of asymmetrical mixed-valent Mo 2-Mo 2 complexes in the class III regime. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5711-5723. [PMID: 28345709 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04915j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three novel asymmetrical dimolybdenum dimers, [Mo2(DAniF)3]2(μ-OOCCOS) (DAniF = N,N'-di(p-anisyl)formamidinate) ([OO-OS]), [Mo2(DAniF)3]2(μ-S2CCO2) ([SS-OO]), and [Mo2(DAniF)3]2(μ-SSCCOS) ([SS-OS]), have been synthesized and characterized by either single-crystal X-ray crystallography or 1H NMR spectroscopy. The structural asymmetry for these compounds gives rise to a redox asymmetry, which enlarges the potential separation (ΔE1/2) between the two [Mo2] units. The mixed-valance (MV) species [OO-OS]+, [SS-OO]+ and [SS-OS]+, prepared by one-electron chemical oxidation of the neutral precursors, exhibit an intense and symmetrical intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) absorption band in the near-IR region, along with the high energy metal (δ) to ligand (π*) (ML) and ligand (π) to metal (δ) charge transfer (LMCT) absorptions. The LMCT band, which is absent in the neutral precursors, is reflective of the cationic [Mo2]+ unit in the MV species; therefore, it is evidenced that in the MV complexes optical electron transfer from the electron donor to acceptor occurs, while the thermal process is energetically unfavorable. The C(1)-C(2) bonds (1.44-1.48 Å) that connect the two [Mo2] units are significantly shorter than a C-C single bond, showing that the two Mo2 centers are strongly coupled. For the series, TD-DFT calculations show that the molecular orbitals have an unsymmetrical charge density distribution over the two dimolybdenum sites. For each of the complex systems, the calculated orbital energy gaps, SOMO(δ - δ)-LUMO(bridging ligand π*), HOMO-8(bridging ligand π)-SOMO(δ - δ) and SOMO(δ - δ)-HOMO-1(δ + δ), are in good agreement with the observed MLCT, LMCT and IVCT absorption band energies, respectively. The consistency in energy between the IVCT band and the SOMO(δ - δ)-HOMO-1(δ + δ) gap permits assignment of the MV complexes to Class III in the Robin-Day scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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27
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Triphenylamine-based electroactive compounds: synthesis, properties and application to organic electronics. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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28
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Evolution of emission manners of organic light-emitting diodes: From emission of singlet exciton to emission of doublet exciton. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Zhong YW, Gong ZL, Shao JY, Yao J. Electronic coupling in cyclometalated ruthenium complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Zhang HL, Zhu GY, Wang G, Meng M, Liu CY, Lei H. Electronic Coupling in [Mo2]-Bridge-[Mo2] Systems with Twisted Bridges. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:11314-22. [PMID: 26579936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the impact of bridge conformation on electronic coupling in donor-bridge-acceptor triad systems, two Mo2 dimers, [Mo2(DAniF)3]2[μ-1,4-{C(O)NH}2-Naph] (1, DAniF = N,N'-di(p-anisyl)formamidinate and Naph = naphthalenyl) and [Mo2(DAniF)3]2[μ-1,4-(CS2)2-2,5-Me2C6H2] (2), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. These two compounds feature a large dihedral angle (>60°) between the central aromatic ring and the plane defined by the Mo-Mo bond vectors, which is distinct from the previously reported phenylene bridged analogues [Mo2(DAniF)3]2[μ-1,4-{C(O)NH}2-ph] (I) and [Mo2(DAniF)3]2[μ-1,4-(CS2)2-C6H4] (II), respectively. Unusual optical behaviors are observed for the mixed-valence (MV) species (1(+) and 2(+)), generated by single-electron oxidation. While 2(+) exhibits a weak intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) absorption band in the near-IR region, the IVCT band is absent in the spectrum of 1(+), which is quite different from what observed for I(+) and II(+). Optical analyses, based on superexchange formalism and Hush model, indicate that, in terms of Robin-Day classification, mixed-valence species 1(+) belongs to the electronically uncoupled Class I and complex 2(+), with Hab = 220 cm(-1), is assigned to the weakly coupled Class II. Together with I(+) and II(+), the four MV complexes complete a transition from Class I to Class II-III borderline as a result of manipulating the geometric topology of the bridge. Given the structural and electronic features for the molecular systems, the impacts of electrostatic interaction (through-space) and electron resonance (through-bond) on electronic coupling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang Yuan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gangyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Miao Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chun Y Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
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31
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Shen JJ, Shao JY, Gong ZL, Zhong YW. Cyclometalated Osmium-Amine Electronic Communication through the p-Oligophenylene Wire. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:10776-84. [PMID: 26567859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of bis-tridentate cyclometalated osmium complexes with a redox-active triarylamine substituent have been prepared, where the amine substituent is separated from the osmium ion by a p-oligophenylene wire of various lengths. X-ray crystallographic data of complexes 3(PF6) and 4(PF6) with three or four repeating phenyl units between the osmium ion and the amine substituent are presented. These complexes show two consecutive anodic redox couples between +0.1 and +0.9 V vs Ag/AgCl, with the potential splitting in the range of 300-390 mV. A combined experimental and theoretical study suggests that, in the one-electron-oxidized state, the odd electron is delocalized for short congeners and localized on the osmium component for long congeners. The electronic coupling parameter (Vab) was estimated by the Marcus-Hush analysis. The distance dependence plot of ln(Vab) versus the osmium-amine geometrical distance (Rab) gives a negative linear relationship with a decay slope of -0.19 Å(-1), which is slightly steeper with respect to the previously reported ruthenium-amine series with the same molecular wire. DFT calculations with the long-range-corrected UCAM-B3LYP functional gave more reasonable results for the osmium complexes with respect to those with UB3LYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jian Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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32
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Yang W, Shao J, Zhong Y. Cyclometalated Diruthenium Complexes Bridged by 3,3′,5,5′‐Tetra(pyrid‐2‐yl)biphenyl: Tuning of Electronic Properties and Intervalence Charge Transfer by Terminal Ligand Effects. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Wen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100190, P. R. China, http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
| | - Jiang‐Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100190, P. R. China, http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
| | - Yu‐Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100190, P. R. China, http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
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33
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Peng Q, Obolda A, Zhang M, Li F. Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using a Neutral π Radical as Emitter: The Emission from a Doublet. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7091-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Peng Q, Obolda A, Zhang M, Li F. Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using a Neutral π Radical as Emitter: The Emission from a Doublet. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Steeger M, Griesbeck S, Schmiedel A, Holzapfel M, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Lambert C. On the relation of energy and electron transfer in multidimensional chromophores based on polychlorinated triphenylmethyl radicals and triarylamines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:11848-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05929h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores with many donors and acceptors show electron transfer which is identical to energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Steeger
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Stefanie Griesbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | | | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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36
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Yao CJ, Nie HJ, Yang WW, Shao JY, Yao J, Zhong YW. Strongly Coupled Cyclometalated Ruthenium-Triarylamine Hybrids: Tuning Electrochemical Properties, Intervalence Charge Transfer, and Spin Distribution by Substituent Effects. Chemistry 2014; 20:17466-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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37
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Nie HJ, Yao CJ, Sun MJ, Zhong YW, Yao J. Ruthenium-bis-terpyridine Complex with Two Redox-Asymmetric Amine Substituents: Potential-Controlled Reversal of the Direction of Charge-Transfer. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500904k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jing Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meng-Jia Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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38
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Mori Y. Computational study on intramolecular electron transfer in 1,3-dintrobenzene radical anion. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Ochanomizu University; Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
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39
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Nie HJ, Shao JY, Yao CJ, Zhong YW. Organic–inorganic mixed-valence systems with strongly-coupled triarylamine and cyclometalated osmium. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:10082-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Winter RF. Half-Wave Potential Splittings ΔE1/2 as a Measure of Electronic Coupling in Mixed-Valent Systems: Triumphs and Defeats. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500029x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer F. Winter
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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41
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Fajarí L, Papoular R, Reig M, Brillas E, Jorda JL, Vallcorba O, Rius J, Velasco D, Juliá L. Charge Transfer States in Stable Neutral and Oxidized Radical Adducts from Carbazole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1771-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4028215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Fajarí
- Departament de Quı́mica Biològica i Modelització
Molecular, Institut de Quı́mica Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Papoular
- Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marta Reig
- Departament de Quı́mica
Orgànica Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Brillas
- Departament de Quı́mica
Fı́sica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Jorda
- Instituto de Tecnología Quı́mica (UPV-CSIC), Av. de los
Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Oriol Vallcorba
- Institut de Ciència de Materials (CSIC), Campus
de la U.A.B., 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Rius
- Institut de Ciència de Materials (CSIC), Campus
de la U.A.B., 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Dolores Velasco
- Departament de Quı́mica
Orgànica Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Juliá
- Departament de Quı́mica Biològica i Modelització
Molecular, Institut de Quı́mica Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Polit W, Mücke P, Wuttke E, Exner T, Winter RF. Charge and Spin Confinement to the Amine Site in 3-Connected Triarylamine Vinyl Ruthenium Conjugates. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om4007455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Walther Polit
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Philipp Mücke
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Evelyn Wuttke
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Exner
- Pharmazeutisches
Institut, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf
der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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43
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Yang J, Zhang W, Si Y, Zhao Y. Intramolecular Electronic Couplings in Class II/III Organic Mixed-Valence Systems of Bis(1,4-dimethoxybenzene). J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:14126-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jp308242s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juanhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen
361005, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen
361005, P. R. China
| | - Yubing Si
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen
361005, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen
361005, P. R. China
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44
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Steeger M, Lambert C. Charge-Transfer Interactions in Tris-Donor-Tris-Acceptor Hexaarylbenzene Redox Chromophores. Chemistry 2012; 18:11937-48. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201104020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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45
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Lambert C, Ehbets J, Rausch D, Steeger M. Charge-Transfer Interactions in a Multichromophoric Hexaarylbenzene Containing Pyrene and Triarylamines. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6147-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300924x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lambert
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Wilhelm Conrad
Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Würzburg,
Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg,
Germany
| | - Julia Ehbets
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Wilhelm Conrad
Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Würzburg,
Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg,
Germany
| | - Dirk Rausch
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Wilhelm Conrad
Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Würzburg,
Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg,
Germany
| | - Markus Steeger
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Wilhelm Conrad
Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Würzburg,
Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg,
Germany
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46
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Rudolf M, Wolfrum S, Guldi DM, Feng L, Tsuchiya T, Akasaka T, Echegoyen L. Endohedral Metallofullerenes-Filled Fullerene Derivatives towards Multifunctional Reaction Center Mimics. Chemistry 2012; 18:5136-48. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Mechouet M, Perruchot C, Maurel F, Aeiyach S, Bucher C, Chardon S, Jouini M. Intervalence charge transfer in mixed valence compound modified by the formation of a supramolecular complex. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:970-8. [PMID: 22175529 DOI: 10.1021/jp207518r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of N,N-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (PDA) were investigated in the absence and in the presence of 18-crown-6-ether (18C6) or dibenzo 24-crown-8-ether (DB24C8), in a solution of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF6) in acetonitrile and in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) only for 18C6. In neutral acetonitrile, PDA undergoes two reversible oxidation processes, which lead first to the formation of the cation-radical considered as mixed valence (MV) compound, and then to the dicationic species. When 18C6 is added in the medium and depending on 18C6 concentration, cyclic voltammetry shows a marked shift to more cathodic potentials of the current waves of the second redox process only. This is attributed to a strong interaction between the PDA(+2) dication and two 18C6 molecules, leading to the formation of a supramolecular complex with an association constant value K(a) = 7.0 × 10(7) M(-2). The interaction of 18C6 with PDA(+2) dication has a direct effect on the PDA(+.) cation-radical corresponding to a decrease in the lifetime of the MV compound and of the intramolecular electron transfer rate when 18C6 is present. Indeed, it results in a large decrease in the intervalence charge transfer (IV-CT) between the two amine centers in the MV compound (k(th) = 1.35 × 10(10) s(-1) in 18C6-free neutral solution containing 5.0 × 10(-4) M PDA, and k(th) = 3.6 × 10(9) s(-1) in the same medium at [18C6]/[PDA] = 20/1). And the comproportionation constant K(co) falls from 6.0 × 10(6) in 18C6-free solution to 1.6 × 10(3) at [18C6]/[PDA] = 20/1. In acidified acetonitrile and when TFA concentration is increased, PDA still shows the two successive and reversible oxidation processes, but both are shifted to more anodic potentials. However, when 18C6 is added, the two oxidation waves shift to more cathodic potentials, indicating an interaction of all protonated PDA redox states with 18C6, resulting in the formation of supramolecular complexes. In the presence of TFA, the value of K(co) is decreased to 4.3 × 10(4), but it remains unchanged when 18C6 is added, indicating no change in the lifetime of the MV compound. In this medium, IV-CT in the MV compound is greater with 18C6 (k(th) = 2.3 × 10(10) s(-1) for [18C6]/[PDA] = 20/1) than without (k(th) = 1.4 × 10(9) s(-1)), which indicates a more important IV-CT rate when 18C6 is present. The results show for the first time that is it possible to control the IV-CT rate, through the lifetime and the potential range where the MV compound is the most important. This control is not obtained as usual by chemical modification of the structure of the starting molecule, but by varying either the acidity or the 18C6 concentration as external stimuli, which lead to reversible formation/dissociation of a supramolecular complex species. Moreover, we also studied the electrochemical properties of PDA in the presence of wider crown ether such as DB24C8. We showed that PDA undergoes the same electrochemical behavior with DB24C8 than with 18C6 in neutral organic medium (K(a) = 2.9 × 10(3) M(-1)). This result suggests that the complexation between the electrogenerated PDA(+2) dication and the crown ethers may occur through face-to-face mode rather than rotaxane mode even with DB24C8 which is supposed to form inclusion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Mechouet
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, UMR 7086, Paris, France
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48
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Yao CJ, Zheng RH, Shi Q, Zhong YW, Yao J. 1,4-Benzene-bridged covalent hybrid of triarylamine and cyclometalated ruthenium: a new type of organic–inorganic mixed-valent system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:5680-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc32471g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Köhler J, Quast T, Buback J, Fischer I, Brixner T, Nuernberger P, Geiß B, Mager J, Lambert C. Ultrafast charge-transfer dynamics of donor-substituted truxenones. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:11081-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41061c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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50
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Ratera I, Veciana J. Playing with organic radicals as building blocks for functional molecular materials. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:303-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15165g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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