1
|
Gigli L, Silva JM, Cerofolini L, Macedo AL, Geraldes CFGC, Suturina EA, Calderone V, Fragai M, Parigi G, Ravera E, Luchinat C. Machine Learning-Enhanced Quantum Chemistry-Assisted Refinement of the Active Site Structure of Metalloproteins. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10713-10725. [PMID: 38805564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the fine structural details of inhibitor binding at the active site of metalloenzymes can have a profound impact on the rational drug design targeted to this broad class of biomolecules. Structural techniques such as NMR, cryo-EM, and X-ray crystallography can provide bond lengths and angles, but the uncertainties in these measurements can be as large as the range of values that have been observed for these quantities in all the published structures. This uncertainty is far too large to allow for reliable calculations at the quantum chemical (QC) levels for developing precise structure-activity relationships or for improving the energetic considerations in protein-inhibitor studies. Therefore, the need arises to rely upon computational methods to refine the active site structures well beyond the resolution obtained with routine application of structural methods. In a recent paper, we have shown that it is possible to refine the active site of cobalt(II)-substituted MMP12, a metalloprotein that is a relevant drug target, by matching to the experimental pseudocontact shifts (PCS) those calculated using multireference ab initio QC methods. The computational cost of this methodology becomes a significant bottleneck when the starting structure is not sufficiently close to the final one, which is often the case with biomolecular structures. To tackle this problem, we have developed an approach based on a neural network (NN) and a support vector regression (SVR) and applied it to the refinement of the active site structure of oxalate-inhibited human carbonic anhydrase 2 (hCAII), another prototypical metalloprotein target. The refined structure gives a remarkably good agreement between the QC-calculated and the experimental PCS. This study not only contributes to the knowledge of CAII but also demonstrates the utility of combining machine learning (ML) algorithms with QC calculations, offering a promising avenue for investigating other drug targets and complex biological systems in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gigli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - José Malanho Silva
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Anjos L Macedo
- UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB─Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carlos F G C Geraldes
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, 3000-393 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Center─Institute of Molecular Sciences (CCC-IMS), University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Vito Calderone
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Florence Data Science, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Giotto Biotech, S.R.L., Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dai D, Wang X, Liu Y, Yang XL, Glaubitz C, Denysenkov V, He X, Prisner T, Mao J. Room-temperature dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy of small biological molecules in water. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6880. [PMID: 34824218 PMCID: PMC8616939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful and popular technique for probing the molecular structures, dynamics and chemical properties. However the conventional NMR spectroscopy is bottlenecked by its low sensitivity. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) boosts NMR sensitivity by orders of magnitude and resolves this limitation. In liquid-state this revolutionizing technique has been restricted to a few specific non-biological model molecules in organic solvents. Here we show that the carbon polarization in small biological molecules, including carbohydrates and amino acids, can be enhanced sizably by in situ Overhauser DNP (ODNP) in water at room temperature and at high magnetic field. An observed connection between ODNP 13C enhancement factor and paramagnetic 13C NMR shift has led to the exploration of biologically relevant heterocyclic compound indole. The QM/MM MD simulation underscores the dynamics of intermolecular hydrogen bonds as the driving force for the scalar ODNP in a long-living radical-substrate complex. Our work reconciles results obtained by DNP spectroscopy, paramagnetic NMR and computational chemistry and provides new mechanistic insights into the high-field scalar ODNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Dai
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Clemens Glaubitz
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vasyl Denysenkov
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jiafei Mao
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Weinhold
- Theoretical Chemistry and Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wategaonkar S, Bhattacherjee A. N–H···S Interaction Continues To Be an Enigma: Experimental and Computational Investigations of Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes of Benzimidazole with Thioethers. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4313-4321. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Wategaonkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India
| | - Aditi Bhattacherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Markley JL, Westler WM. Biomolecular NMR: Past and future. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 628:3-16. [PMID: 28495511 PMCID: PMC5701516 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The editors of this special volume suggested this topic, presumably because of the perspective lent by our combined >90-year association with biomolecular NMR. What follows is our personal experience with the evolution of the field, which we hope will illustrate the trajectory of change over the years. As for the future, one can confidently predict that it will involve unexpected advances. Our narrative is colored by our experience in using the NMR Facility for Biomedical Studies at Carnegie-Mellon University (Pittsburgh) and in developing similar facilities at Purdue (1977-1984) and the University of Wisconsin-Madison (1984-). We have enjoyed developing NMR technology and making it available to collaborators and users of these facilities. Our group's association with the Biological Magnetic Resonance data Bank (BMRB) and with the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) has also been rewarding. Of course, many groups contributed to the early growth and development of biomolecular NMR, and our brief personal account certainly omits many important milestones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John L Markley
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - William Milo Westler
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bertarello A, Schubeis T, Fuccio C, Ravera E, Fragai M, Parigi G, Emsley L, Pintacuda G, Luchinat C. Paramagnetic Properties of a Crystalline Iron–Sulfur Protein by Magic-Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6624-6629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bertarello
- Centre de RMN à
Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS,
ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Tobias Schubeis
- Centre de RMN à
Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS,
ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- Giotto Biotech S.R.L., Via Madonna
del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Carmelo Fuccio
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de RMN à
Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS,
ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Giotto Biotech S.R.L., Via Madonna
del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhattacherjee A, Wategaonkar S. Water bridges anchored by a C–H⋯O hydrogen bond: the role of weak interactions in molecular solvation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:27745-27749. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05469b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded water bridges are re-directed from a polar NH bond to a weakly activated C(2)–H bond upon N-methylation. Infrared spectra, supported by ab initio calculations, provide direct evidence of the role of the C(2)–H donor in the solvation of the imidazole ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Bhattacherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Mumbai 400 005
- India
| | - Sanjay Wategaonkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Mumbai 400 005
- India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reddi R, Singarapu KK, Pal D, Addlagatta A. The unique functional role of the C–H⋯S hydrogen bond in the substrate specificity and enzyme catalysis of type 1 methionine aminopeptidase. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:2408-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00259e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Unique C–H⋯S hydrogen bonding interactions allow nature to attain recognition specificity between molecular interfaces where there is no apparent scope for classical hydrogen bonding or polar interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Reddi
- Centre for Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Kiran Kumar Singarapu
- Centre for NMR and Structural Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Debnath Pal
- Department of Computational and Data Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012
- India
| | - Anthony Addlagatta
- Centre for Chemical Biology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhattacherjee A, Matsuda Y, Fujii A, Wategaonkar S. Acid–Base Formalism in Dispersion-Stabilized S–H···Y (Y═O, S) Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:1117-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511904a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Bhattacherjee
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India
| | - Yoshiyuki Matsuda
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aoba,
Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute
for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi,
Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Asuka Fujii
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aoba,
Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Sanjay Wategaonkar
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Piccioli M, Turano P. Transient iron coordination sites in proteins: Exploiting the dual nature of paramagnetic NMR. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
11
|
Liu J, Chakraborty S, Hosseinzadeh P, Yu Y, Tian S, Petrik I, Bhagi A, Lu Y. Metalloproteins containing cytochrome, iron-sulfur, or copper redox centers. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4366-469. [PMID: 24758379 PMCID: PMC4002152 DOI: 10.1021/cr400479b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 549] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Saumen Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Parisa Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Shiliang Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Igor Petrik
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ambika Bhagi
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics
and Computational
Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bhattacherjee A, Matsuda Y, Fujii A, Wategaonkar S. The Intermolecular SH⋅⋅⋅Y (Y=S,O) Hydrogen Bond in the H2S Dimer and the H2S-MeOH Complex. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:905-14. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201201012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
13
|
Sparta M, Shirvanyants D, Ding F, Dokholyan NV, Alexandrova AN. Hybrid dynamics simulation engine for metalloproteins. Biophys J 2013; 103:767-76. [PMID: 22947938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Quality computational description of metalloproteins is a great challenge due to the vast span of time- and lengthscales characteristic of their existence. We present an efficient new method that allows for robust characterization of metalloproteins. It combines quantum mechanical (QM) description of the metal-containing active site, and extensive dynamics of the protein captured by discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) (QM/DMD). DMD samples the entire protein, including the backbone, and most of the active site, except for the immediate coordination region of the metal. QM operates on the part of the protein of electronic and chemical significance, which may include tens to hundreds of atoms. The breathing quantum-classical boundary provides a continuous mutual feedback between the two machineries. We test QM/DMD using the Fe-containing electron transporter protein, rubredoxin, and its three mutants as a model. QM/DMD can provide a reliable balanced description of metalloproteins' structure, dynamics, and electronic structure in a reasonable amount of time. As an illustration of QM/DMD capabilities, we then predict the structure of the Ca(2+) form of the enzyme catechol O-methyl transferase, which, unlike the native Mg(2+) form, is catalytically inactive. The Mg(2+) site is ochtahedral, but the Ca(2+) is 7-coordinate and features the misalignment of the reacting parts of the system. The change is facilitated by the backbone adjustment. QM/DMD is ideal and fast for providing this level of structural insight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sparta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Carbon-oxygen (CH···O) hydrogen bonding represents an unusual category of molecular interactions first documented in biological structures over 4 decades ago. Although CH···O hydrogen bonding has remained generally underappreciated in the biochemical literature, studies over the last 15 years have begun to yield direct evidence of these interactions in biological systems. In this minireview, we provide a historical context of biological CH···O hydrogen bonding and summarize some major advancements from experimental studies over the past several years that have elucidated the importance, prevalence, and functions of these interactions. In particular, we examine the impact of CH···O bonds on protein and nucleic acid structure, molecular recognition, and enzyme catalysis and conclude by exploring overarching themes and unresolved questions regarding unconventional interactions in biomolecular structure.
Collapse
|
15
|
Pritchard B, Autschbach J. Theoretical Investigation of Paramagnetic NMR Shifts in Transition Metal Acetylacetonato Complexes: Analysis of Signs, Magnitudes, and the Role of the Covalency of Ligand–Metal Bonding. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:8340-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ic300868v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Pritchard
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000,
United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000,
United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weinhold F, Klein RA. What is a hydrogen bond? Mutually consistent theoretical and experimental criteria for characterizing H-bonding interactions. Mol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2012.661478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
17
|
Jarzęcki AA. Quantum-mechanical study of lead coordination in sulfur-rich proteins: mode and structure recognition in UV resonance Raman spectra. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:571-81. [PMID: 22117527 PMCID: PMC3321649 DOI: 10.1021/jp2079132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Resonance Raman spectra are computed applying the weighted gradient methodology with CIS and DFT gradients to determine the characteristic spectral patterns for Hg(II) and Pb(II) loaded sulfur-rich proteins while excited to a characteristic LMCT electronic transition band. A framework of structure-spectrum relationships is established to assess lead coordination modes via vibrational spectroscopy. Illustrative calculations on Hg(II) complexes agree with experimental data demonstrating reliability and accuracy of the applied methodology. In contrast to Hg(II) complexes, a unique 3-center-4-electron hypervalent C(β)H···S interaction present in lead-sulfur complexes was established and suggested to play a key role in the strong preference for lead versus other metal ions in lead specific proteins such as PbrR691. The characteristic Pb-S symmetric stretching bands, predicted without additional refinements such as scaling of a force field or frequencies, are found around 238 cm(-1) for 3-coordinated lead-sulfur domains and around 228 cm(-1) for 4-coordinated lead-sulfur domains. These results present an experimental challenge for clear detection of lead coordination via solely UVRR spectroscopy. In addition to predicted UVRR spectra, UVRR excitation profiles for relevant vibrational bands of lead-sulfur domains are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej A Jarzęcki
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College and the Graduate School of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Boal AK, Grove TL, McLaughlin MI, Yennawar NH, Booker SJ, Rosenzweig AC. Structural basis for methyl transfer by a radical SAM enzyme. Science 2011; 332:1089-92. [PMID: 21527678 DOI: 10.1126/science.1205358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) enzymes RlmN and Cfr methylate 23S ribosomal RNA, modifying the C2 or C8 position of adenosine 2503. The methyl groups are installed by a two-step sequence involving initial methylation of a conserved Cys residue (RlmN Cys(355)) by SAM. Methyl transfer to the substrate requires reductive cleavage of a second equivalent of SAM. Crystal structures of RlmN and RlmN with SAM show that a single molecule of SAM coordinates the [4Fe-4S] cluster. Residue Cys(355) is S-methylated and located proximal to the SAM methyl group, suggesting the SAM that is involved in the initial methyl transfer binds at the same site. Thus, RlmN accomplishes its complex reaction with structural economy, harnessing the two most important reactivities of SAM within a single site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amie K Boal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
|