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Mitsushio M, Uchiyama E, Kajiya R, Yoshidome T, Nakatake S, Higo M. Separation and Detection of Hydrocarbons and Gasoline in Automotive Engine Oil Using a Teflon ® AF2400-coated Gold-deposited Surface Plasmon Resonance-based Glass Rod Sensor. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:1085-1091. [PMID: 29806616 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A gold (Au)-deposited surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based glass rod sensor that is coated with an α-mercaptoethyl-ω-methoxy polyoxyethylene (PEG thiol) layer (approximately 13 nm thick) and a Teflon AF2400 overlayer (12 μm thick) was used to detect the hydrocarbon and gasoline contents of automotive engine oil. Hydrocarbons and gasoline present in the engine oil penetrate through the porous Teflon layer and accumulate in the PEG thiol layer, and are then detected using the SPR sensor. The refractivities of the selective layers that contain a hydrocarbon on the Au-deposited glass rod sensor were estimated from the sensor responses when using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with various operating wavelengths as light sources. Gasoline concentrations up to 10%, w/w in commercial engine oil can be measured directly using this sensor when it is coated with the selective layers. The responses of an SPR-based optical waveguide sensing system using Au films coated with identical selective layers were also measured. The results demonstrate the value of the Au-deposited SPR glass rod sensor coated with the selective layers for the detection of the gasoline content and fuel dilution of automotive engine oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Mitsushio
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University
| | - Ei Uchiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University
| | - Ryoji Kajiya
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University
| | - Toshifumi Yoshidome
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University
| | | | - Morihide Higo
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University
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2
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Rehman A, López Fernández AM, Resul MG, Harvey A. Kinetic investigations of styrene carbonate synthesis from styrene oxide and CO2 using a continuous flow tube-in-tube gas-liquid reactor. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Highly gas permeable, ultrathin Teflon AF2400/γ-alumina composite hollow fiber membranes for dissolved gas analysis. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Lugert‐Thom EC, Gladysz JA, Rábai J, Bühlmann P. Cleaning of pH Selective Electrodes with Ionophore‐doped Fluorous Membranes in NaOH Solution at 90 °C. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Lugert‐Thom
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455 United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842 United States
| | - József Rábai
- Institute of Chemistry Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány Péter sétány 1-A, H- 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455 United States
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5
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Cui X, Mannan MS, Wilhite BA. Segregated-Feed Membrane Reactor Design for Alkylpyridine N-Oxidation: Implications for Process Safety and Intensification. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Cui
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - M. Sam Mannan
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Wilhite
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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6
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Carey JL, Hirao A, Sugiyama K, Bühlmann P. Semifluorinated Polymers as Ion-selective Electrode Membrane Matrixes. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Carey
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN
| | - Akira Hirao
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ohokayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Kenji Sugiyama
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology; Hosei University; 3-7-2 Kajino-chou, Koganei Tokyo 184-8584 Japan
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN
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7
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Lu D, Weber S. Fluorous receptor-facilitated solid phase microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Zhang H, Wang S, Weber SG. Morphology and free volume of nanocomposite Teflon AF 2400 films and their relationship to transport behavior. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Buba AE, Koch S, Kunz H, Löwe H. Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-N-methylamino Acids Synthesized in a Flow Tube-in-Tube Reactor with a Liquid-Liquid Semipermeable Membrane. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Zhang H, Wang S, Weber SG. Nanocomposite Teflon AF 2400 Films as Tunable Platforms for Selective Transport. Anal Chem 2012; 84:9920-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3022289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen G. Weber
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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11
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Epstein AK, Wong TS, Belisle RA, Boggs EM, Aizenberg J. Liquid-infused structured surfaces with exceptional anti-biofouling performance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:13182-7. [PMID: 22847405 PMCID: PMC3421179 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1201973109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria primarily exist in robust, surface-associated communities known as biofilms, ubiquitous in both natural and anthropogenic environments. Mature biofilms resist a wide range of antimicrobial treatments and pose persistent pathogenic threats. Treatment of adherent biofilm is difficult, costly, and, in medical systems such as catheters or implants, frequently impossible. At the same time, strategies for biofilm prevention based on surface chemistry treatments or surface microstructure have been found to only transiently affect initial attachment. Here we report that Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS) prevent 99.6% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm attachment over a 7-d period, as well as Staphylococcus aureus (97.2%) and Escherichia coli (96%), under both static and physiologically realistic flow conditions. In contrast, both polytetrafluoroethylene and a range of nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces accumulate biofilm within hours. SLIPS show approximately 35 times the reduction of attached biofilm versus best case scenario, state-of-the-art PEGylated surface, and over a far longer timeframe. We screen for and exclude as a factor cytotoxicity of the SLIPS liquid, a fluorinated oil immobilized on a structured substrate. The inability of biofilm to firmly attach to the surface and its effective removal under mild flow conditions (about 1 cm/s) are a result of the unique, nonadhesive, "slippery" character of the smooth liquid interface, which does not degrade over the experimental timeframe. We show that SLIPS-based antibiofilm surfaces are stable in submerged, extreme pH, salinity, and UV environments. They are low-cost, passive, simple to manufacture, and can be formed on arbitrary surfaces. We anticipate that our findings will enable a broad range of antibiofilm solutions in the clinical, industrial, and consumer spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K. Epstein
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Tak-Sing Wong
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Rebecca A. Belisle
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Emily Marie Boggs
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115; and
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
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12
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Aijian AP, Chatterjee D, Garrell RL. Fluorinated liquid-enabled protein handling and surfactant-aided crystallization for fully in situ digital microfluidic MALDI-MS analysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:2552-2559. [PMID: 22569918 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc21135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A droplet (digital) microfluidic device has been developed that enables complete protein sample preparation for MALDI-MS analysis. Protein solution dispensing, disulfide bond reduction and alkylation, tryptic digestion, sample crystallization, and mass spectrometric analysis are all performed on a single device without the need for any ex situ sample purification. Fluorinated solvents are used as an alternative to surfactants to facilitate droplet movement and limit protein adsorption onto the device surface. The fluorinated solvent is removed by evaporation and so does not interfere with the MALDI-MS analysis. Adding a small amount of perfluorooctanoic acid to the MALDI matrix solution improves the yield, quality and consistency of the protein-matrix co-crystals, reducing the need for extensive 'sweet spot' searching and improving the spectral signal-to-noise ratio. These innovations are demonstrated in the complete processing and MALDI-MS analysis of lysozyme and cytochrome c. Because all of the sample processing steps and analysis can be performed on a single digital microfluidic device without the need for ex situ sample handling, higher throughput can be obtained in proteomics applications. More generally, the results presented here suggest that fluorinated liquids could also be used to minimize protein adsorption and improve crystallization in other types of lab-on-a-chip devices and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Aijian
- Biomedical Engineering Interdepartmental PhD Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1600, USA
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Czolkos I, Hakonen B, Orwar O, Jesorka A. High-resolution micropatterned Teflon AF substrates for biocompatible nanofluidic devices. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:3200-3205. [PMID: 22204476 DOI: 10.1021/la2044784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe a general photolithography-based process for the microfabrication of surface-supported Teflon AF structures. Teflon AF patterns primarily benefit from superior optical properties such as very low autofluorescence and a low refractive index. The process ensures that the Teflon AF patterns remain strongly hydrophobic in order to allow rapid lipid monolayer spreading and generates a characteristic edge morphology which assists directed cell growth along the structured surfaces. We provide application examples, demonstrating the well-controlled mixing of lipid films on Teflon AF structures and showing how the patterned surfaces can be used as biocompatible growth-directing substrates for cell culture. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells develop in a guided fashion along the sides of the microstructures, selectively avoiding to grow over the patterned areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja Czolkos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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Escobar CA, Zulkifli AR, Faulkner CJ, Trzeciak A, Jennings GK. Composite fluorocarbon membranes by surface-initiated polymerization from nanoporous gold-coated alumina. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:906-915. [PMID: 22195729 DOI: 10.1021/am201565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the versatile fabrication and characterization of a novel composite membrane that consists of a porous alumina support, a 100 nm thick nanoporous gold coating, and a selective poly(5-(perfluorohexyl)norbornene) (pNBF6) polymer that can be grown exclusively from the nanoporous gold or throughout the membrane. Integration of the three materials is achieved by means of silane and thiol chemistry, and the use of surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP) to grow the pNBF6. The use of SI-ROMP allows tailoring of the extent of polymerization of pNBF6 throughout the structure by varying polymerization time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicate that the thin polymer films cover the structure entirely. Cross-sectional SEM images of the membrane not only corroborate growth of the pNBF6 polymer within both the porous alumina and the nanoporous gold coating but also show the growth of a pNBF6 layer between these porous substrates that lifts the nanoporous gold coating away from the alumina. Advancing contact angle (θ(A)) measurements show that the surfaces of these composite membranes exhibit both hydrophobic (θ(A) = 121-129)° and oleophobic (θ(A) = 69-74)° behavior due to the fluorocarbon side chains of the pNBF6 polymer that dominate the surface. Results from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirm that the membranes provide effective barriers to aqueous ions, as evidenced by a resistive impedance on the order of 1 × 10(7) Ω cm(2). Sulfonation of the polymer backbone substantially enhances ion transport through the composite membrane, as indicated by a 40-60 fold reduction in resistive impedance. Ion transport and selectivity of the membrane change by regulating the polymerization time. The fluorinated nature of the sulfonated polymer renders the membrane selective toward molecules with similar chemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Escobar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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15
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Vincent JM. Recent advances of fluorous chemistry in material sciences. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11382-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34750d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Abstract
The unique combination of chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability, high fractional free volume, low refractive index, low surface energy, and wide optical transparency has led to growing interest in Teflon Amorphous Fluoropolymers (AFs) for a wide spectrum of applications ranging from chemical separations and sensors to bioassay platforms. New opportunities arise from the incorporation of nanoscale materials in Teflon AFs. In this chapter, we highlight fractional free volume - the most important property of Teflon AFs - with the aim of clarifying the unique transport behavior through Teflon AF membranes. We then review state-of-the-art developments based on Teflon AF platforms by focusing on the chemistry behind the applications.
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