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Roncero-Barrero C, Ribas-Ariño J, Moreira IDPR, Deumal M. Magnetic coupling and spin ordering in bisdithiazolyl, thiaselenazolyl, and bisdiselenazolyl molecular materials. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13032-13045. [PMID: 35968924 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01340a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of purely organic materials is a promising approach for the miniaturization of devices due to their interesting optical, electronic and magnetic properties. Bisdithiazolyl-based bisDTA compounds have emerged as promising candidates for radical-based single component conductors exhibiting simultaneously magnetic properties. Our computational work focuses on the intriguing magnetism of 4 isostructural pyridine-bridged bisDTA-multifunctional materials triggered by their magnetic and conducting properties being strongly dependent on the different S/Se ratios in the neutral radical skeleton: specifically, bisdithiazolyl (S,S) displays no magnetic order at low temperatures, thiaselenazolyl (Se,S) exhibits spin-canted antiferromagnetism (AFM), and both (S,Se) and bisdiselenazolyl (Se,Se) behave as bulk ferromagnets (FM). Our results reveal that (1) the magnetic response depends on the existence of an intricate network of both AFM and FM spin exchange JAB couplings between neighbouring radicals; and (2) the structural arrangement of π-stacked pairs of radicals sits on a point in the configurational space that is very close to a crossover region where JAB switches from AFM to FM. Indeed, for bulk FM, the experimental response is only accounted for when considering an ab initio optimised crystal structure able to portray adequately the electronic structure of bisDTAs in the region close to the temperature at which magnetic ordering emerges. Magneto-structural correlation maps show the large sensitivity of JAB to very small structural changes with temperature along the π-stacks that lead to drastic changes in the magnetic properties. Clearly, the understanding of magnetism in the title bisDTA compounds is decisive to rationally tailor the properties of multifunctional materials by subtle structural modifications of their crystal packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roncero-Barrero
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física, and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, E08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Ribas-Ariño
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física, and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, E08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - I de P R Moreira
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física, and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, E08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Deumal
- Secció Química Física, Dept. Ciència de Materials i Química Física, and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, E08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Roncero-Barrero C, Ribas-Ariño J, Deumal M, Moreira IDPR. Electronic structure and magnetic coupling in selenium substituted pyridine-bridged bisdithiazolyl multifunctional molecular materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:12196-12207. [PMID: 35551353 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00415a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisdithiazolyl radicals have furnished in recent years multiple examples of molecular materials with promising conductive and magnetic properties. The electronic band structure and magnetic ordering in four different isostructural pyridine-bridged bisdithiazolyl and Selenium substituted compounds have been studied by means of hybrid DFT based methods as implemented in the CRYSTAL code. The full rationalization of the properties of these multifunctional magnetic molecular materials requires a careful description of their complex open-shell electronic structure. The results describe the systems as narrow band (0.2-0.3 eV dispersion) open-shell semiconductors with a gap of 1.15-1.40 eV between the valence and conducting bands. The bands defining the insulating gap are dominated by orbital contributions arising from the heteroatoms sitting in the outer rings. A low energy closed-shell metallic solution is found at 0.25-0.35 eV above the magnetic solutions thus suggesting a complex mechanism for electric conduction with band and hopping contributions. The observed trend of the conductivity is in line with the variation of the insulating gap but more rigorous modelling is required to take into account the details of the band structure of the systems. For all the systems the spin density is well localised on the molecular units and is independent of the magnetic solution. Thus the system can be described as an ensemble of well-defined S = 1/2 magnetic centres using a two-body Heisenberg-Dirac-van Vleck spin Hamiltonian. The lowest energy electronic solutions are in line with the observed magnetic behaviour at low temperature. The set of competing magnetic exchange interactions that emerges from using a suitable mapping to consistently describe the low energy magnetic solutions explains the variety of magnetic responses (absence of long-range magnetic order, antiferromagnetism or ferromagnetism) of the four studied compounds at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Roncero-Barrero
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ribas-Ariño
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Deumal
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ibério de P R Moreira
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Broadhurst ET, Wilson CJG, Zissimou GA, Nudelman F, Constantinides CP, Koutentis PA, Parsons S. A first-order phase transition in Blatter's radical at high pressure. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2022; 78:107-116. [PMID: 35411850 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520622000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of Blatter's radical (1,3-diphenyl-1,4-dihydrobenzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-4-yl) has been investigated between ambient pressure and 6.07 GPa. The sample remains in a compressed form of the ambient-pressure phase up to 5.34 GPa, the largest direction of strain being parallel to the direction of π-stacking interactions. The bulk modulus is 7.4 (6) GPa, with a pressure derivative equal to 9.33 (11). As pressure increases, the phenyl groups attached to the N1 and C3 positions of the triazinyl moieties of neighbouring pairs of molecules approach each other, causing the former to begin to rotate between 3.42 to 5.34 GPa. The onset of this phenyl rotation may be interpreted as a second-order phase transition which introduces a new mode for accommodating pressure. It is premonitory to a first-order isosymmetric phase transition which occurs on increasing pressure from 5.34 to 5.54 GPa. Although the phase transition is driven by volume minimization, rather than relief of unfavourable contacts, it is accompanied by a sharp jump in the orientation of the rotation angle of the phenyl group. DFT calculations suggest that the adoption of a more planar conformation by the triazinyl moiety at the phase transition can be attributed to relief of intramolecular H...H contacts at the transition. Although no dimerization of the radicals occurs, the π-stacking interactions are compressed by 0.341 (3) Å between ambient pressure and 6.07 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward T Broadhurst
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron J G Wilson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia A Zissimou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Fabio Nudelman
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christos P Constantinides
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128-1491, USA
| | | | - Simon Parsons
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
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Sato R, Gouchi J, Uwatoko Y, Matsuda M. Phthalocyanine-based Radicals as Single-component Molecular Conductors. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoya Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8555
| | - Jun Gouchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581
| | - Yoshiya Uwatoko
- Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581
| | - Masaki Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8555
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Sundaresan S, Kühne IA, Evesson C, Harris MM, Fitzpatrick AJ, Ahmed A, Müller-Bunz H, Morgan GG. Compressed Jahn-Teller octahedra and spin quintet-triplet switching in coordinatively elastic manganese(III) complexes. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Robertson CM, Winter SM, Howard JAK, Probert MR, Oakley RT. Low temperature insights into the crystal and magnetic structure of a neutral radical ferromagnet. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10238-10241. [PMID: 34528050 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03842g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the radical ferromagnet 1a at 2 K reveals a contraction in the unit cell c constant which, at the molecular level, translates into a decrease in slippage of the radical π-stacks and an increase in ferromagnetic exchange interactions along the stacking axis. The results of BS-DFT calculations using long-range corrected functionals are consistent with an overall ferromagnetic topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Stephen M Winter
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | | | - Michael R Probert
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
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7
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Mayo RA, Morgan IS, Soldatov DV, Clérac R, Preuss KE. Heisenberg Spin Chains via Chalcogen Bonding: Noncovalent S···O Contacts Enable Long-Range Magnetic Order. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11338-11346. [PMID: 34259517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The new radical ligand 5,8-dimethyl-1,4-dioxonaphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]dithiazolyl (1) is reported. Two crystal polymorphs, 1α and 1β, differing in their pancake-bonded dimerization motif and S···O contact network, are identified. The self-assembly of Mn(II) metal ions with 1 leads to the formation of [Mn(hfac)2]3(1)2 that exhibits a Mn(II)-radical-Mn(II)-radical-Mn(II) linear arrangement of three Mn(hfac)2 units bridged by two radical ligands (hfac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetonato-). Characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction of this Mn(II) complex packing structure reveals close noncovalent S···O contacts between the [Mn(hfac)2]3(1)2 units in one dimension along the b-c direction. The magnetic properties of the coordination complex are characterized by dc and ac susceptibility measurements on a microcrystalline solid. The magnetic data down to 4.8 K indicate the presence of effective ferromagnetic interactions (J/kB = +0.16 K) between the molecular ST = 13/2 units along the supramolecular chain involving noncovalent S···O contacts. Below 2.9 K, a non-zero out-of-phase component appears in the ac susceptibility, indicating the presence of a three-dimensional magnetic phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alex Mayo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ian S Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Dmitriy V Soldatov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Kathryn E Preuss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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9
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Kobayashi Y, Hirata K, Hood SN, Yang H, Walsh A, Matsushita Y, Ishioka K. Crystal structure and metallization mechanism of the π-radical metal TED. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11699-11704. [PMID: 34123200 PMCID: PMC8162741 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03521a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical electrons tend to localize on individual molecules, resulting in an insulating (Mott-Hubbard) bandgap in the solid state. Herein, we report the crystal structure and intrinsic electronic properties of the first single crystal of a π-radical metal, tetrathiafulvalene-extended dicarboxylate (TED). The electrical conductivity is up to 30 000 S cm-1 at 2 K and 2300 S cm-1 at room temperature. Temperature dependence of resistivity obeys a T 3 power-law above T > 100 K, indicating a new type of metal. X-ray crystallographic analysis clarifies the planar TED molecule, with a symmetric intramolecular hydrogen bond, is stacked along longitudinal (the a-axis) and transverse (the b-axis) directions. The π-orbitals are distributed to avoid strong local interactions. First-principles electronic calculations reveal the origin of the metallization giving rise to a wide bandwidth exceeding 1 eV near the Fermi level. TED demonstrates the effect of two-dimensional stacking of π-orbitals on electron delocalization, where a high carrier mobility of 31.6 cm2 V-1 s-1 (113 K) is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Sengen 1-2-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kazuto Hirata
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Sengen 1-2-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Samantha N Hood
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Sengen 1-2-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kunie Ishioka
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Sengen 1-2-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
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Volkova YM, Makarov AY, Pritchina EA, Gritsan NP, Zibarev AV. Herz radicals: chemistry and materials science. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Tse JS. A chemical perspective on high pressure crystal structures and properties. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:149-169. [PMID: 34692029 PMCID: PMC8289026 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The general availability of third generation synchrotron sources has ushered in a new era of high pressure research. The crystal structure of materials under compression can now be determined by X-ray diffraction using powder samples and, more recently, from multi-nano single crystal diffraction. Concurrently, these experimental advancements are accompanied by a rapid increase in computational capacity and capability, enabling the application of sophisticated quantum calculations to explore a variety of material properties. One of the early surprises is the finding that simple metallic elements do not conform to the general expectation of adopting 3D close-pack structures at high pressure. Instead, many novel open structures have been identified with no known analogues at ambient pressure. The occurrence of these structural types appears to be random with no rules governing their formation. The adoption of an open structure at high pressure suggested the presence of directional bonds. Therefore, a localized atomic hybrid orbital description of the chemical bonding may be appropriate. Here, the theoretical foundation and experimental evidence supporting this approach to the elucidation of the high pressure crystal structures of group I and II elements and polyhydrides are reviewed. It is desirable and advantageous to extend and apply established chemical principles to the study of the chemistry and chemical bonding of materials at high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Tse
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
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12
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Peterson J, Zhang R, Winter AH. Effect of Structure on the Spin Switching and Magnetic Bistability of Solid-State Aryl Dicyanomethyl Monoradicals and Diradicals. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:13538-13542. [PMID: 31460483 PMCID: PMC6705199 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stable organic radicals with switchable spin states have applications in medicine, biology, and material science. An emerging class of such spin-switchable radicals is based on dicyanomethyl radicals, which are typically thermally and air-stable species that form weakly bonded (closed-shell singlet) dimers at a lower temperature that rupture into electron paramagnetic resonance-active diradicals at a higher temperature. However, thus far, the study of these dicyanomethyl radicals has focused on their solution-phase behavior. An understanding of how chemical structure affects the solid-state spin switching behavior for these radicals is unknown. Here, we examine the solid-state spin crossover behavior of 6 monoradicals and 10 tethered diradicals and demonstrate that these species also undergo spin switching in the solid state. We find that the susceptibility for solid-state spin switching for the intermolecular dimers is weakly correlated to the solution-phase Gibbs free energies of dimerization, but no apparent correlations are seen between the solution-state free energies for the intramolecular dimerization and the solid-state behavior. Furthermore, intramolecular diradical dimers have greatly enhanced temperature-responsive behavior compared to their intermolecular counterparts. Crystalline and amorphous powders of the same radicals feature similar spin switching behavior, but the crystalline materials have slower bond-rupture kinetics at higher temperatures, suggesting that solid-state packing effects are an important kinetic consideration. An interesting feature of these systems is that, upon cooling down to room temperature after heating, some radicals remain trapped in the solids, indicating magnetic bistability, while others partially or fully return to the diamagnetic dimers. This work provides insights into how chemical structure affects spin crossover in the solid state for this new class of air-stable radicals, the knowledge of importance for the construction of dynamically responsive solid-state materials, and organic spin crossover polymers.
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Mailman A, Robertson CM, Winter SM, Dube PA, Oakley RT. The Importance of Electronic Dimensionality in Multiorbital Radical Conductors. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6495-6506. [PMID: 31021620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The exceptional performance of oxobenzene-bridged bis-1,2,3-dithiazolyls 6 as single-component neutral radical conductors arises from the presence of a low-lying π-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, which reduces the potential barrier to charge transport and increases the kinetic stabilization energy of the metallic state. As part of ongoing efforts to modify the solid-state structures and transport properties of these so-called multiorbital materials, we report the preparation and characterization of the acetoxy, methoxy, and thiomethyl derivatives 6 (R = OAc, OMe, SMe). The crystal structures are based on ribbonlike arrays of radicals laced together by S···N' and S···O' secondary bonding interactions. The steric and electronic effects of the exocyclic ligands varies, affording one-dimensional (1D) π-stacked radicals for R = OAc, 1D cofacial dimer π-stacks for R = SMe, and a pseudo two-dimensional (2D) brick-wall arrangement for R = OMe. Variable-temperature magnetic and conductivity measurements reveal strong antiferromagnetic interactions and Mott insulating behavior for the two radical-based structures (R = OAc, OMe), with lower room-temperature conductivities (σRT ≈ 1 × 10-4 and ∼1 × 10-3 S cm-1, respectively) and higher thermal activation energies ( Eact = 0.24 and 0.21 eV, respectively) than found for the ideal 2D brick-wall structure of 6 (R = F), where σRT ≈ 1 × 10-2 S cm-1 and Eact = 0.10 eV. The performance of R = OMe, OAc relative to that of R = F, is consistent with the results of density functional theory band electronic structure calculations, which indicate a lower kinetic stabilization energy of the putative metallic state arising from their reduced electronic dimensionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mailman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Jyväskylä , P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä , Finland.,Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Winter
- Institut für Theoretische Physik , Goethe-Universität , Frankfurt am Main 60438 , Germany
| | - Paul A Dube
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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14
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Yong W, Lekin K, Bauer RPC, Tse JS, Desgreniers S, Secco RA, Hirao N, Oakley RT. Pancakes under Pressure: A Case Study on Isostructural Dithia- and Diselenadiazolyl Radical Dimers. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3550-3557. [PMID: 30785745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The isostructural dimers of the 1,4-phenylene-bridged bis-1,2,3,5-dithia- and bis-1,2,3,5-diselenadiazolyl diradicals 1,4-S/Se are small band gap semiconductors. The response of their molecular and solid state electronic structures to pressure has been explored over the range 0-10 GPa. The crystal structures, which consist of cofacially aligned (pancake) π-dimers packed into herringbone arrays, experience a continuous, near-isotropic compression. While the intramolecular covalent E-E (E = S/Se) bonds remain relatively unchanged with pressurization, the intradimer E···E separations are significantly shortened. Molecular and band electronic structure calculations using density functional theory methods indicate that compression of the π-dimers leads to a widening of the gap Δ E between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the dimer, an effect that offsets the expected decrease in the valence-to-conduction band gap Eg occasioned by pressure-induced spreading of the valence and conduction bands. Consistent with the predicted consequences of this competition between intra- and interdimer interactions, variable temperature high pressure conductivity measurements reveal at best an order-of-magnitude increase in conductivity with pressure for the two compounds over the pressure range 0-10 GPa. While a small reduction in the thermal activation energy Eact with increasing pressure is observed, extrapolation of the rate of decrease suggests a projected onset of metallization ( Eact ≈ 0) in excess of 20 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yong
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Kristina Lekin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Robert P C Bauer
- Department of Physics , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7N 5E2 , Canada
| | - John S Tse
- Department of Physics , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7N 5E2 , Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Department of Physics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Richard A Secco
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Naohisa Hirao
- Materials Science Division , Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute , SPring-8, Sayo , Hyogo 679-5198 , Japan
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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Nascimento MA, Heyer E, Clarke JJ, Cowley HJ, Alberola A, Stephaniuk N, Rawson JM. On the Design of Radical-Radical Cocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Elodie Heyer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Joshua J. Clarke
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Hugh J. Cowley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Antonio Alberola
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol); Universidad Valencia; P.O.Box 22085 46071 Valencia Spain
| | - Nadia Stephaniuk
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
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16
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Yutronkie NJ, Bates D, Dube PA, Winter SM, Robertson CM, Brusso JL, Oakley RT. Three-Dimensional Magnetic Exchange Networks in Trigonal Bisdithiazolyl Radicals. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:419-427. [PMID: 30570252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The N-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine-bridged bisdithiazolyl radical PhBPMe is polymorphic, crystallizing from cold acetonitrile in a trigonal α-phase, space group P3121, and from hot dichloroethane in an orthorhombic β-phase, space group Pca21. The crystal structures of both phases consist of slipped π-stacks of undimerized radicals aligned laterally into herringbone arrays. In the β-phase, there are two independent radicals in the asymmetric unit, and the resulting π-stacks form corrugated layers interspersed by methyl and phenyl groups which block the approach of neighboring radicals. In the α-phase, the methyl/phenyl groups and the radical π-stacks separately form spirals about 31 axes, the latter giving rise to a 3D network of close radical/radical contacts. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on the β-phase indicate strong antiferromagnetic coupling. Weaker but predominantly antiferromagnetic interactions (θ = -20.7 K) are observed in the α-phase. A high temperature series expansion analysis of the magnetic data for the α-phase affords antiferromagnetic exchange energies for the one- and two-step radical/radical interactions about the 31 spirals ( J1 = -1.2 K, J2 = -10.9 K, respectively), with weak ferromagnetic interactions along the π-stacks ( Jπ = +1.8 K). Despite the presence of a 3D network based on the dominant J2 interactions, which affords two independent bipartite sublattices, no evidence of bulk antiferromagnetic order has been observed above T = 2 K. The magnetic results are discussed in light of exchange energies calculated using density functional theory broken symmetry methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Yutronkie
- Department of Chemistry , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Demetris Bates
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Dube
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - Stephen M Winter
- Institut für Theoretische Physik , Goethe-Universität , Frankfurt am Main 60438 , Germany
| | - Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Jaclyn L Brusso
- Department of Chemistry , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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17
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Constantinides CP, Lawson DB, Berezin AA, Zissimou GA, Manoli M, Leitus GM, Koutentis PA. Ferromagnetic interactions in a 1D Heisenberg linear chain of 1-phenyl-3,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-4-yls. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
1-Phenyl-3,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-4-yl (2), was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffractometry and variable temperature SQUID magnetometry to investigate its structure-magnetism correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel B. Lawson
- Department of Natural Sciences
- University of Michigan – Dearborn
- Dearborn
- USA
| | | | | | - Maria Manoli
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cyprus
- 1678 Nicosia
- Cyprus
| | - Gregory M. Leitus
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- 76100 Rehovot
- Israel
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18
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Nascimento MA, Heyer E, Clarke JJ, Cowley HJ, Alberola A, Stephaniuk N, Rawson JM. On the Design of Radical-Radical Cocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1371-1375. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Elodie Heyer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Joshua J. Clarke
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Hugh J. Cowley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Antonio Alberola
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol); Universidad Valencia; P.O.Box 22085 46071 Valencia Spain
| | - Nadia Stephaniuk
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; The University of Windsor; 401 Sunset Avenue Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
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19
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Rakitin OA, Zibarev AV. Synthesis and Applications of 5‐Membered Chalcogen‐Nitrogen π‐Heterocycles with Three Heteroatoms. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A. Rakitin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Moscow Russia
- Nanotechnology Education and Research CenterSouth Ural State University 454080 Chelyabinsk Russia
| | - Andrey V. Zibarev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic ChemistrySiberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of ChemistryNational Research University – Tomsk State University 634050 Tomsk Russia
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20
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Lekin K, Leitch AA, Assoud A, Yong W, Desmarais J, Tse JS, Desgreniers S, Secco RA, Oakley RT. Benzoquinone-Bridged Heterocyclic Zwitterions as Building Blocks for Molecular Semiconductors and Metals. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4757-4770. [PMID: 29620356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In pursuit of closed-shell building blocks for single-component organic semiconductors and metals, we have prepared benzoquino-bis-1,2,3-thiaselenazole QS, a heterocyclic selenium-based zwitterion with a small gap (λmax = 729 nm) between its highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. In the solid state, QS exists in two crystalline phases and one nanocrystalline phase. The structures of the crystalline phases (space groups R3 c and P21/ c) have been determined by high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction methods at ambient and elevated pressures (0-15 GPa), and their crystal packing patterns have been compared with that of the related all-sulfur zwitterion benzoquino-bis-1,2,3-dithiazole QT (space group Cmc21). Structural differences between the S- and Se-based materials are interpreted in terms of local intermolecular S/Se···N'/O' secondary bonding interactions, the strength of which varies with the nature of the chalcogen (S vs Se). While the perfectly two-dimensional "brick-wall" packing pattern associated with the Cmc21 phase of QT is not found for QS, all three phases of QS are nonetheless small band gap semiconductors, with σRT ranging from 10-5 S cm-1 for the P21/ c phase to 10-3 S cm-1 for the R3 c phase. The bandwidths of the valence and conduction bands increase with applied pressure, leading to an increase in conductivity and a decrease in thermal activation energy Eact. For the R3 c phase, band gap closure to yield an organic molecular metal with a σRT of ∼102 S cm-1 occurs at 6 GPa. Band gaps estimated from density functional theory band structure calculations on the ambient- and high-pressure crystal structures of QT and QS correlate well with those obtained experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lekin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Alicea A Leitch
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Abdeljalil Assoud
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Wenjun Yong
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Jacques Desmarais
- Department of Physics , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7N 5E2 , Canada
| | - John S Tse
- Department of Physics , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7N 5E2 , Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Department of Physics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Richard A Secco
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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21
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Makarov AY, Bagryanskaya IY, Volkova YM, Shakirov MM, Zibarev AV. Salts of Sterically Hindered Chalcogen-Varied Herz Cations Including Those with [Te3
Cl14
]2-
and [Te4
Cl18
]2-
Anions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yu. Makarov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Irina Yu. Bagryanskaya
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences; Novosibirsk State University; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Yulia M. Volkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Makhmut M. Shakirov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Andrey V. Zibarev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of Physics; Novosibirsk State University; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
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22
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Vasko P, Hurmalainen J, Mansikkamäki A, Peuronen A, Mailman A, Tuononen HM. Synthesis of new hybrid 1,4-thiazinyl-1,2,3-dithiazolyl radicals via Smiles rearrangement. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:16004-16008. [PMID: 29116268 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03243a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The condensation reaction of 2-aminobenzenethiols and 3-aminopyrazinethiols with 2-amino-6-fluoro-N-methylpyridinium triflate afforded thioether derivatives that were found to undergo Smiles rearrangement and cyclocondensation with sulphur monochloride to yield new hybrid 1,4-thiazine-1,2,3-dithiazolylium cations. The synthesized cations were readily reduced to the corresponding stable neutral radicals with spin densities delocalized over both 1,4-thiazinyl and 1,2,3-dithiazolyl moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Vasko
- Department of Chemistry, NanoScience Centre, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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23
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Mailman A, Wong JWL, Winter SM, Claridge RCM, Robertson CM, Assoud A, Yong W, Steven E, Dube PA, Tse JS, Desgreniers S, Secco RA, Oakley RT. Fine Tuning the Performance of Multiorbital Radical Conductors by Substituent Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1625-1635. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mailman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joanne W. L. Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Stephen M. Winter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Craig M. Robertson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Abdeljalil Assoud
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wenjun Yong
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Eden Steven
- Department
of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Paul A. Dube
- Brockhouse
Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - John S. Tse
- Department
of Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Department
of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Richard A. Secco
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Richard T. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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24
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Molčanov K, Kojić-Prodić B. Spin pairing, electrostatic and dipolar interactions influence stacking of radical anions in alkali salts of 4,5-dichloro-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (DDQ). CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00261k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Abstract
Open-shell aggregates with pancake bonding are found to cause highly efficient singlet fission and large charge transport simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ito
- Department of Materials Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Engineering Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - T. Nagami
- Department of Materials Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Engineering Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - M. Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science
- Graduate School of Engineering Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
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26
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Synthesis and Characterization of Ethylenedithio-MPTTF-PTM Radical Dyad as a Potential Neutral Radical Conductor. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry2040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Melen RL, Less RJ, Pask CM, Rawson JM. Structural Studies of Perfluoroaryldiselenadiazolyl Radicals: Insights into Dithiadiazolyl Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11747-11759. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Melen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | - Robert J. Less
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Christopher M. Pask
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
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28
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Souto M, Cui H, Peña-Álvarez M, Baonza VG, Jeschke HO, Tomic M, Valentí R, Blasi D, Ratera I, Rovira C, Veciana J. Pressure-Induced Conductivity in a Neutral Nonplanar Spin-Localized Radical. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11517-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Souto
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - HengBo Cui
- Condensed Molecular Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miriam Peña-Álvarez
- MALTA CONSOLIDER Team, Departamento de Química
Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentín G. Baonza
- MALTA CONSOLIDER Team, Departamento de Química
Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Harald O. Jeschke
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Milan Tomic
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Roser Valentí
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Davide Blasi
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Imma Ratera
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
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29
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Fumanal M, Deumal M. The quest for rationalizing the magnetism in purely organic semiquinone-bridged bisdithiazolyl molecular magnets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:20738-49. [PMID: 27412491 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02699k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Semiquinone-bridged bisdithiazolyl-based radicals (XBBO) are appealing purely organic magnetic building blocks for the synthesis of new functional materials. Remarkably, for the phenyl-derivative PhBBO, the rationalization of its magnetism becomes a proof of concept that DFT can dramatically fail to evaluate JAB magnetic interactions between purely organic radical pairs. Instead, wavefunction-based methods are required. Once JAB's are fully characterized, the magnetic topology of PhBBO is disclosed to consist of ferromagnetic FM π-stacks that are very weakly coupled (by FM and AFM JAB interactions). The magnetic susceptibility χT(T) and magnetization M(H) of PhBBO are then calculated using a first-principles bottom-up approach. The study of the unit cell contraction upon cooling from room temperature to zero-Kelvin is relevant to propose a suitable model for the phase transition that occurs at 4.5 K. A simplistic picture tells us that the antiparallel-aligned 1D-FM-chains convert into domains of weakly either FM- or AFM-coupled 1D-FM-chains. Accordingly, the presence of these domains may introduce geometrical spin frustration below 4.5 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fumanal
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mercè Deumal
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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30
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Harriman KLM, Kühne IA, Leitch AA, Korobkov I, Clérac R, Murugesu M, Brusso JL. Halide Influence on Molecular and Supramolecular Arrangements of Iron Complexes with a 3,5-Bis(2-Pyridyl)-1,2,4,6-Thiatriazine Ligand. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5375-83. [PMID: 27152549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of iron centered complexes, namely, [Fe(Py2TTA)Cl2] (1), [Fe(Py2TTA)Br2] (2), and [Fe(μ-F)(Py2TTAO)F]∞ (3), were isolated via complexation of 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,6-thiatriazine (Py2TTAH) with various ferric halides (e.g., FeF3, FeCl3, and FeBr3). Comparison of the optical and electrochemical spectroscopy, structural analysis, and magnetic studies reveal numerous similarities between the chlorido (1) and bromido (2) derivatives, which crystallize as discrete five-coordinate iron centered complexes with coordination geometries that are intermediate between trigonal bipyramidal and square base pyramid. Conversely, the fluorido derivative (3) results in a completely different structure due to oxidation of the ligand and the formation of a one-dimensional coordination polymer held together through a bridging fluoride ion. Consequently, the spectroscopic and magnetic behavior of 3 differs significantly compared with 1 and 2. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit paramagnetic properties typical for a mononuclear S = 5/2 system with weak intermolecular antiferromagnetic interactions at low temperatures, whereas complex 3 demonstrates significant exchange couplings within the chain and weak antiferromagnetic interchain interactions, which stabilize a canted antiferromagnetic state below 4.2 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L M Harriman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Irina A Kühne
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Alicea A Leitch
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ilia Korobkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- CNRS, CRPP , UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP , UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jaclyn L Brusso
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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31
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Lekin K, Ogata K, Maclean A, Mailman A, Winter SM, Assoud A, Mito M, Tse JS, Desgreniers S, Hirao N, Dube PA, Oakley RT. Pushing TC to 27.5 K in a heavy atom radical ferromagnet. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13877-13880. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the solid state the iodo-substituted bisdiselenazolyl radical 1c orders as a bulk ferromagnet with TC = 10.5 K. With the application of pressure TC rises rapidly, reaching a value of 27.5 K at 2.4 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lekin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Kazuma Ogata
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu Institute of Technology
- Kitakyushu 804-8550
- Japan
| | - Adrian Maclean
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Aaron Mailman
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | | | | | - Masaki Mito
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu Institute of Technology
- Kitakyushu 804-8550
- Japan
| | - John S. Tse
- Department of Physics
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon
- Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides Denses
- Department of Physics
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Naohisa Hirao
- Materials Science Division
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
- SPring-8
- Sayo
- Japan
| | - Paul A. Dube
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research
- McMaster University
- Hamilton
- Canada
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32
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33
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Tian D, Winter SM, Mailman A, Wong JWL, Yong W, Yamaguchi H, Jia Y, Tse JS, Desgreniers S, Secco RA, Julian SR, Jin C, Mito M, Ohishi Y, Oakley RT. The metallic state in neutral radical conductors: dimensionality, pressure and multiple orbital effects. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14136-48. [PMID: 26513125 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-induced changes in the solid-state structures and transport properties of three oxobenzene-bridged bisdithiazolyl radicals 2 (R = H, F, Ph) over the range 0-15 GPa are described. All three materials experience compression of their π-stacked architecture, be it (i) 1D ABABAB π-stack (R = Ph), (ii) quasi-1D slipped π-stack (R = H), or (iii) 2D brick-wall π-stack (R = F). While R = H undergoes two structural phase transitions, neither of R = F, Ph display any phase change. All three radicals order as spin-canted antiferromagnets, but spin-canted ordering is lost at pressures <1.5 GPa. At room temperature, their electrical conductivity increases rapidly with pressure, and the thermal activation energy for conduction Eact is eliminated at pressures ranging from ∼3 GPa for R = F to ∼12 GPa for R = Ph, heralding formation of a highly correlated (or bad) metallic state. For R = F, H the pressure-induced Mott insulator to metal conversion has been tracked by measurements of optical conductivity at ambient temperature and electrical resistivity at low temperature. For R = F compression to 6.2 GPa leads to a quasiquadratic temperature dependence of the resistivity over the range 5-300 K, consistent with formation of a 2D Fermi liquid state. DFT band structure calculations suggest that the ease of metallization of these radicals can be ascribed to their multiorbital character. Mixing and overlap of SOMO- and LUMO-based bands affords an increased kinetic energy stabilization of the metallic state relative to a single SOMO-based band system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Tian
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7 Canada
| | - Stephen M Winter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Aaron Mailman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joanne W L Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wenjun Yong
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology , Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - Yating Jia
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100080, China
| | - John S Tse
- Department of Physics, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Richard A Secco
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Stephen R Julian
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7 Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - Changqing Jin
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Masaki Mito
- Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology , Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohishi
- Materials Science Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute , SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Richard T Oakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Ueda A, Hatakeyama A, Enomoto M, Kumai R, Murakami Y, Mori H. Modulation of a Molecular π-Electron System in a Purely Organic Conductor that Shows Hydrogen-Bond-Dynamics-Based Switching of Conductivity and Magnetism. Chemistry 2015; 21:15020-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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36
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Winter SM, Hill S, Oakley RT. Magnetic Ordering and Anisotropy in Heavy Atom Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3720-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Winter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Stephen Hill
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Richard T. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
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37
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Fujita W. Ferromagnetic ordering in the organic radical cation salt BBDTA·Au(CN)2at 8.2 K. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:903-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03208j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An organic radical cation salt, BBDTA·Au(CN)2, with a slipped π-stacking columnar structure and intercolumnar short contacts, shows ferromagnetic ordering at 8.2 K, the highest reported temperature among the BBDTA+cation salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Fujita
- Department of Information and Biological Sciences
- Graduate School of Natural Sciences
- Nagoya City University
- Nagoya 467-8501
- Japan
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38
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Cui H, Kobayashi H, Ishibashi S, Sasa M, Iwase F, Kato R, Kobayashi A. A Single-Component Molecular Superconductor. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7619-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503690m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HengBo Cui
- Condensed
Molecular Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hayao Kobayashi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
| | - Shoji Ishibashi
- Nanosystem
Research Institute (NRI) “Research Initiative of Computational
Sciences (RICS)”, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sasa
- R&D Strategy and Planning Office, FUJITSU R&D CENTER CO., LTD, 13/F, Tower A, Ocean International Center, NO.56 Dong Si Huan Zhong Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing P. R. China 100025
| | - Fumitatsu Iwase
- Condensed
Molecular Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Reizo Kato
- Condensed
Molecular Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akiko Kobayashi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
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39
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Mitsumi M, Nishitani T, Yamasaki S, Shimada N, Komatsu Y, Toriumi K, Kitagawa Y, Okumura M, Miyazaki Y, Górska N, Inaba A, Kanda A, Hanasaki N. Bistable Multifunctionality and Switchable Strong Ferromagnetic-to-Antiferromagnetic Coupling in a One-Dimensional Rhodium(I)–Semiquinonato Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7026-37. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5017014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Mitsumi
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishitani
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shota Yamasaki
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Nayuta Shimada
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuuki Komatsu
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Koshiro Toriumi
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Okumura
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyazaki
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Natalia Górska
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akira Inaba
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akinori Kanda
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Noriaki Hanasaki
- Department of Material Science and ‡Research Center for New Functional Materials,
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto,
Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry,
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, and §Department of
Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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40
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Cui H, Tsumuraya T, Miyazaki T, Okano Y, Kato R. Pressure-Induced Metallic Conductivity in the Single-Component Molecular Crystal [Ni(dmit)2]. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201400130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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Awaga K, Nomura K, Kishida H, Fujita W, Yoshikawa H, Matsushita MM, Hu L, Shuku Y, Suizu R. Electron-Transfer Processes in Highly-Correlated Electron Systems of Thiazyl Radicals. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20130248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Awaga
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
- CREST, Nagoya University
| | - Kenji Nomura
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Hideo Kishida
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
| | - Wataru Fujita
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Hirofumi Yoshikawa
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Michio M. Matsushita
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Laigui Hu
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Yoshiaki Shuku
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Rie Suizu
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
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42
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Wong JWL, Mailman A, Lekin K, Winter SM, Yong W, Zhao J, Garimella SV, Tse JS, Secco RA, Desgreniers S, Ohishi Y, Borondics F, Oakley RT. Pressure Induced Phase Transitions and Metallization of a Neutral Radical Conductor. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:1070-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411057x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne W. L. Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Aaron Mailman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kristina Lekin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Stephen M. Winter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wenjun Yong
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jianbao Zhao
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Subrahmanyam V. Garimella
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - John S. Tse
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Richard A. Secco
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Department
of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yasuo Ohishi
- Materials
Science Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | | | - Richard T. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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43
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Fujita W, Kikuchi K. Study of Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of a 1,3,2‐Dithiazolyl Radical Crystal, BBDTA·Cl. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Fujita
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami‐osawa 1‐1, Hachioji 192‐0397, Japan, http://www.comp.tmu.ac.jp/w‐fujita/Chemistry/Welcome.html
| | - Koichi Kikuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami‐osawa 1‐1, Hachioji 192‐0397, Japan, http://www.comp.tmu.ac.jp/w‐fujita/Chemistry/Welcome.html
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44
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Knight FR, Randall RAM, Roemmele TL, Boeré RT, Bode BE, Crawford L, Bühl M, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD. Electrochemically informed synthesis: oxidation versus coordination of 5,6-bis(phenylchalcogeno)acenaphthenes. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3199-203. [PMID: 23943606 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Chalcogen dications: Facile synthesis of E--E bonded dications can be readily achieved. Radical cations are identified as the intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus R Knight
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST (UK), Fax: (+44) 1334 463808
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45
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Bag P, Pal SK, Itkis ME, Sarkar A, Tham FS, Donnadieu B, Haddon RC. Synthesis of tetrachalcogenide-substituted phenalenyl derivatives: preparation and solid-state characterization of bis(3,4,6,7-tetrathioalkyl-phenalenyl)boron radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12936-9. [PMID: 23957468 DOI: 10.1021/ja405814f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and properties of a series of spiro-bis(3,4,6,7-tetrachalcogenide-substituted-phenalenyl)boron salts and two of the corresponding tetrathioalkyl-substituted spiro-bis(phenalenyl)boron radicals [tetrathiomethyl (10) and tetrathioethyl (11)] in which all of the active positions of the phenalenyl (PLY) nucleus are functionalized. In the solid state, radicals 10 and 11 exist as a weak π-dimers due to the steric congestion of the thioalkyl groups in the superimposed PLY units. As a result, the spins are localized in the isolated (nonsuperimposed) PLY rings, and the structure, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and band structure calculations confirm that these PLY units are unable to undergo strong intermolecular interaction as a result of the orientation of the thioalkyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Bag
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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46
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Makarov AY, Blockhuys F, Bagryanskaya IY, Gatilov YV, Shakirov MM, Zibarev AV. Experimental and computational study on the structure and properties of Herz cations and radicals: 1,2,3-benzodithiazolium, 1,2,3-benzodithiazolyl, and their Se congeners. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:3699-710. [PMID: 23510205 DOI: 10.1021/ic302203t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Salts of 1,2,3-benzodithiazolium (1), 2,1,3-benzothiaselenazolium (3), and 1,2,3-benzodiselenazolium (4) (Herz cations), namely, [1][BF4], [1][SbCl6], [3][BF4], [3][GaCl4], [3][SbCl6], and [4][GaCl4], were prepared from the corresponding chlorides and NaBF4, GaCl3, or SbCl5. It was found that [1][SbCl6] and [3][SbCl6] spontaneously transform in MeCN solution to [1]3[SbCl6]2[Cl] and [3]3[SbCl6]2[Cl], respectively. [1][BF4], [1]3[SbCl6]2[Cl], [3][BF4], [3]3[SbCl6]2[Cl], and [4][GaCl4] were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). In solution, these [BF4](-) and [GaCl4](-) salts as well as [1][GaCl4], [2][GaCl4], [3][GaCl4], [3][Cl], and [4][Cl] were characterized by multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The corresponding Herz radicals 1(•)-4(•) were obtained in toluene and DCM solutions by the reduction of the appropriate salts with Ph3Sb and characterized by EPR. Cations 1-4 and radicals 1(•)-4(•) were investigated computationally at the density functional theory (DFT) and second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2) levels of theory. The B1B95/cc-pVTZ method was found to satisfactorily reproduce the experimental geometries of 1-4; an increase in the basis set size to cc-pVQZ results in only minor changes. For both 1-4 and 1(•)-4(•), the Hirshfeld charges and bond orders, as well as the Hirshfeld spin densities for the radicals, were calculated using the B1B95/cc-pVQZ method. It was found for both the cations and the radicals that replacing S atoms with Se atoms leads to considerable changes in the atomic charges, bond lengths, and bond orders only at the involved and the neighboring sites. According to the calculations, 60% of the positive charge in the cations and 80% of the spin density in the radicals is localized on the heterocycles, with the spin density distributions being very similar for all radicals 1(•)-4(•). For the cations 1-4, the NICS values (B3LYP/cc-pVTZ for B1B95/cc-pVTZ geometries) lie in the narrow range from -5.5 ppm to -6.6 ppm for the carbocycles, and from -14.4 ppm to -15.5 ppm for heterocycles, clearly indicating the aromaticity of the cations. Calculations on radical dimers [1(•)]2-[4(•)]2 revealed, with only one exception, positive dimerization energies, i.e., the dimers are inherently unstable in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yu Makarov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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47
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Bag P, Tham FS, Donnadieu B, Haddon RC. Hexathiophenalenylium Cations: Syntheses, Structures, and Redox Chemistry. Org Lett 2013; 15:1198-201. [DOI: 10.1021/ol400452f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Bag
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Fook S. Tham
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Bruno Donnadieu
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Robert C. Haddon
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
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48
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49
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Lekin K, Wong JWL, Winter SM, Mailman A, Dube PA, Oakley RT. Bisdithiazolyl Radical Spin Ladders. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:2188-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302658c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lekin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1,
Canada
| | - Joanne W. L. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1,
Canada
| | - Stephen M. Winter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1,
Canada
| | - Aaron Mailman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1,
Canada
| | - Paul A. Dube
- Brockhouse Institute
for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Richard T. Oakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1,
Canada
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50
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Hydrogen bond-promoted metallic state in a purely organic single-component conductor under pressure. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1344. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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