1
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Withers-Martinez C, Lidumniece E, Hackett F, Collins CR, Taha Z, Blackman MJ, Jirgensons A. Peptidic Boronic Acid Plasmodium falciparum SUB1 Inhibitors with Improved Selectivity over Human Proteasome. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39051854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum subtilisin-like serine protease 1 (PfSUB1) is essential for egress of invasive merozoite forms of the parasite, rendering PfSUB1 an attractive antimalarial target. Here, we report studies aimed to improve drug-like properties of peptidic boronic acid PfSUB1 inhibitors including increased lipophilicity and selectivity over human proteasome (H20S). Structure-activity relationship investigations revealed that lipophilic P3 amino acid side chains as well as N-capping groups were well tolerated in retaining PfSUB1 inhibitory potency. At the P1 position, replacing the methyl group with a carboxyethyl substituent led to boralactone PfSUB1 inhibitors with remarkably improved selectivity over H20S. Combining lipophilic end-capping groups with the boralactone reduced the selectivity over H20S. However, compound 4c still showed >60-fold selectivity versus H20S and low nanomolar PfSUB1 inhibitory potency. Importantly, this compound inhibited the growth of a genetically modified P. falciparum line expressing reduced levels of PfSUB1 13-fold more efficiently compared to a wild-type parasite line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fiona Hackett
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, U.K
| | - Christine R Collins
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, U.K
| | - Zahie Taha
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, U.K
| | - Michael J Blackman
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, U.K
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, U.K
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2
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Lu P, Wang H, Mao Y, Hong X, Lu Z. Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Hydrogenation of Minimally Functionalized Isomeric Olefins. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17359-17364. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yihui Mao
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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3
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Varela K, Al Mahmud H, Arman HD, Martinez LR, Wakeman CA, Yoshimoto FK. Autoxidation of a C2-Olefinated Dihydroartemisinic Acid Analogue to Form an Aromatic Ring: Application to Serrulatene Biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:951-962. [PMID: 35357832 PMCID: PMC9035337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinic acid (DHAA) is a plant natural product that undergoes a spontaneous endoperoxide-forming cascade reaction to yield artemisinin in the presence of air. The endoperoxide functional group gives artemisinin its biological activity that kills Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria. To enhance our understanding of the mechanism of this cascade reaction, 2,3-didehydrodihydroartemisinic acid (2,3-didehydro-DHAA), a DHAA derivative with a double bond at the C2-position, was synthesized. When 2,3-didehydro-DHAA was exposed to air over time, instead of forming an endoperoxide, this compound predominantly underwent aromatization. This olefinated DHAA analogue reveals the requirement of a monoalkene functional group to initiate the endoperoxide-forming cascade reaction to yield artemisinin from DHAA. In addition, this aromatization process was exploited to illustrate the autoxidation process of a different plant natural product, dihydroserrulatene, to form the aromatic ring in serrulatene. This spontaneous aromatization process has applications in other natural products such as leubethanol and erogorgiaene. Due to their similarity in structure to antimicrobial natural products, the synthesized compounds in this study were tested for biological activity. A group of the tested compounds had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 12.5 to 25 μg/mL against the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Varela
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hafij Al Mahmud
- Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Luis R Martinez
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Center for Immunology and Transplantation, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and The Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Catherine A Wakeman
- Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Francis K Yoshimoto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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4
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Schumacher CE, Rausch M, Greven T, Neudörfl JM, Schneider T, Schmalz HG. Total Synthesis and Antibiotic Properties of Amino‐Functionalized Aromatic Terpenoids Related to Erogorgiaene and the Pseudopterosins. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marvin Rausch
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Pharmaceutical Microbiology GERMANY
| | - Tobias Greven
- University of Cologne: Universitat zu Koln Chemistry GERMANY
| | | | - Tanja Schneider
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Pharmaceutical Biology GERMANY
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5
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Malkov AV, Rubtsov AE. Developing a Methodology for Catalytic Asymmetric Crotylation of Aldehydes. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAsymmetric crotylation has firmly earned a place among the set of valuable synthetic tools for stereoselective construction of carbon skeletons. For a long time the field was heavily dominated by reagents bearing stoichiometric chiral auxiliaries, but now catalytic methods are gradually taking center stage, and the area continues to develop rapidly. This account focuses primarily on preformed organometallic reagents based on silicon and, to some extent, boron. It narrates our endeavors to design new and efficient chiral Lewis base catalysts for the asymmetric addition of crotyl(trichloro)silanes to aldehydes. It also covers the development of a novel protocol for kinetic resolution of racemic secondary allylboronates to give enantio- and diastereomerically enriched linear homoallylic alcohols. As a separate topic, cross-crotylation of aldehydes by using enantiopure branched homoallylic alcohols as a source of crotyl groups is discussed. Finally, the synthetic credentials of the developed methodology are illustrated by total syntheses of marine natural products, in which crotylation plays a key role in setting up stereogenic centers.1 Introduction2 Pyridine N-Oxides as Lewis Base Catalysts3 Bipyridine N,N′-Dioxides as Lewis Base Catalysts4 Chiral Allylating Reagents5 Synthetic Applications6 Concluding Remarks
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6
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Movahhed S, Westphal J, Kempa A, Schumacher CE, Sperlich J, Neudörfl J, Teusch N, Hochgürtel M, Schmalz H. Total Synthesis of (+)-Erogorgiaene and the Pseudopterosin A-F Aglycone via Enantioselective Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrovinylation. Chemistry 2021; 27:11574-11579. [PMID: 34096655 PMCID: PMC8456859 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Due to their pronounced bioactivity and limited availability from natural resources, metabolites of the soft coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae, such as erogorgiaene and the pseudopterosines, represent important target molecules for chemical synthesis. We have now developed a particularly short and efficient route towards these marine diterpenes exploiting an operationally convenient enantioselective cobalt-catalyzed hydrovinylation as the chirogenic step. Other noteworthy C-C bond forming transformations include diastereoselective Lewis acid-mediated cyclizations, a Suzuki coupling and a carbonyl ene reaction. Starting from 4-methyl-styrene the anti-tubercular agent (+)-erogorgiaene (>98 % ee) was prepared in only 7 steps with 46 % overall yield. In addition, the synthesis of the pseudopterosin A aglycone was achieved in 12 steps with 30 % overall yield and, surprisingly, was found to exhibit a similar anti-inflammatory activity (inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB activation) as a natural mixture of pseudopterosins A-D or iso-pseudopterosin A, prepared by β-D-xylosylation of the synthetic aglycone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander Kempa
- TH Köln, Faculty of Applied Natural SciencesKaiser-Wilhelm-Allee, G. E3951373LeverkusenGermany
| | | | - Julia Sperlich
- TH Köln, Faculty of Applied Natural SciencesKaiser-Wilhelm-Allee, G. E3951373LeverkusenGermany
| | | | - Nicole Teusch
- TH Köln, Faculty of Applied Natural SciencesKaiser-Wilhelm-Allee, G. E3951373LeverkusenGermany
| | - Matthias Hochgürtel
- TH Köln, Faculty of Applied Natural SciencesKaiser-Wilhelm-Allee, G. E3951373LeverkusenGermany
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7
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Park D, Baek D, Lee CW, Ryu H, Park S, Han W, Hong S. Enantioselective C(sp2)–H borylation of diarylmethylsilanes catalyzed by chiral pyridine-dihydroisoquinoline iridium complexes. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Xia Y, Dong G. Temporary or removable directing groups enable activation of unstrained C-C bonds. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:600-614. [PMID: 34708156 PMCID: PMC8547736 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds constitute basic skeletons in most organic molecules. One can imagine that selective manipulation of C-C bonds would provide a direct approach to edit or alter molecular scaffolds but has been an ongoing challenge. Due to the kinetic inertness of C-C bonds, the common strategies of activating these bonds by transition metals rely on either the use of highly strained substrates or the assistance of a permanent directing group (DG), in which strain relief or formation of stable metallocycles becomes the driving force. To allow more common and less strained compounds utilized as substrates for C-C activation, the use of temporary and removable DGs has emerged as an attractive strategy in the past two decades. A variety of C-C bonds in unstrained or less strained organic molecules now can be converted to more reactive metal-carbon bonds, and further downstream transformations have led to diverse synthetic methods. This review highlights the development of catalytic approaches that can activate unstrained C-C bonds enabled by temporary or removable DGs. The content is mainly divided based on the nature of the DGs: temporary and removable. Applications of these methods in syntheses of natural products or bioactive molecules are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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9
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Hou SH, Prichina AY, Zhang M, Dong G. Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Di- and Sesquiterpenoids by Catalytic C-C Activation of Cyclopentanones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7848-7856. [PMID: 32086872 PMCID: PMC7219654 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To show the synthetic utility of the catalytic C-C activation of less strained substrates, described here are the collective and concise syntheses of the natural products (-)-microthecaline A, (-)-leubehanol, (+)-pseudopteroxazole, (+)-seco-pseudopteroxazole, pseudopterosin A-F and G-J aglycones, and (+)-heritonin. The key step in these syntheses involve a Rh-catalyzed C-C/C-H activation cascade of 3-arylcyclopentanones, which provides a rapid and enantioselective route to access the polysubstituted tetrahydronaphthalene cores presented in these natural products. Other important features include 1) the direct C-H amination of the tetralone substrate in the synthesis of (-)-microthecaline A, 2) the use of phosphoric acid to enhance efficiency and regioselectivity for problematic cyclopentanone substrates in the C-C activation reactions, and 3) the direct conversion of serrulatane into amphilectane diterpenes by an allylic cyclodehydrogenation coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Mengxi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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10
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Hou S, Prichina AY, Zhang M, Dong G. Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Di‐ and Sesquiterpenoids by Catalytic C−C Activation of Cyclopentanones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Hua Hou
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | | | - Mengxi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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11
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Liao Y, Ran Y, Liu G, Liu P, Liu X. Transition-metal-free radical relay cyclization of vinyl azides with 1,4-dihydropyridines involving a 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer: access to α-tetralone scaffolds. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The remote C(sp3)–H functionalization enabled by a radical-mediated 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) process using vinyl azides and 1,4-dihydropyridines as precursors has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Yu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Guijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Peijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Xiaozu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
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12
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A general asymmetric copper-catalysed Sonogashira C(sp 3)-C(sp) coupling. Nat Chem 2019; 11:1158-1166. [PMID: 31636393 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Continued development of the Sonogashira coupling has made it a well established and versatile reaction for the straightforward formation of C-C bonds, forging the carbon skeletons of broadly useful functionalized molecules. However, asymmetric Sonogashira coupling, particularly for C(sp3)-C(sp) bond formation, has remained largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate a general stereoconvergent Sonogashira C(sp3)-C(sp) cross-coupling of a broad range of terminal alkynes and racemic alkyl halides (>120 examples) that are enabled by copper-catalysed radical-involved alkynylation using a chiral cinchona alkaloid-based P,N-ligand. Industrially relevant acetylene and propyne are successfully incorporated, laying the foundation for scalable and economic synthetic applications. The potential utility of this method is demonstrated in the facile synthesis of stereoenriched bioactive or functional molecule derivatives, medicinal compounds and natural products that feature a range of chiral C(sp3)-C(sp/sp2/sp3) bonds. This work emphasizes the importance of radical species for developing enantioconvergent transformations.
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13
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Kemker I, Schnepel C, Schröder DC, Marion A, Sewald N. Cyclization of RGD Peptides by Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7417-7430. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Kemker
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Schnepel
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - David C. Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Antoine Marion
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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14
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Penjarla TR, Kundarapu M, Baquer SM, Bhattacharya A. Total synthesis of the plant alkaloid racemic microthecaline A: first example of a natural product bearing a tricyclic quinoline-serrulatane scaffold. RSC Adv 2019; 9:23289-23294. [PMID: 35514523 PMCID: PMC9067311 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04675e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The first total synthesis of racemic microthecaline A, a quinoline serrulatane alkaloid, isolated from the Australian desert plant Eremophila microtheca is described. The natural product was synthesized in ten steps, starting from ethyl 4-bromo-6-methoxy-8-methylquinoline-3-carboxylate in 8% overall yield. First total synthesis of quinoline-serrulatane alkaloid microthecaline A.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirupathi Reddy Penjarla
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus)
- Hyderabad-500078
- India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
| | - Maheshwar Kundarapu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd
- Hyderabad 500076
- India
| | - Syed Mohd. Baquer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd
- Hyderabad 500076
- India
| | - Anupam Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus)
- Hyderabad-500078
- India
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15
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Tenneti S, Biswas S, Cox GA, Mans DJ, Lim HJ, RajanBabu TV. Broadly Applicable Stereoselective Syntheses of Serrulatane, Amphilectane Diterpenes, and Their Diastereoisomeric Congeners Using Asymmetric Hydrovinylation for Absolute Stereochemical Control. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9868-9881. [PMID: 30001133 PMCID: PMC6082684 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A stereogenic center, placed at an exocyclic location next to a chiral carbon in a ring to which it is attached, is a ubiquitous structural motif seen in many bioactive natural products, including di- and triterpenes and steroids. Installation of these centers has been a long-standing problem in organic chemistry. Few classes of compounds illustrate this problem better than serrulatanes and amphilectanes, which carry multiple methyl-bearing exocyclic chiral centers. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric hydrovinylation (AHV) of vinylarenes and 1,3-dienes such as 1-vinylcycloalkenes provides an exceptionally facile way of introducing these chiral centers. This Article documents our efforts to demonstrate the generality of AHV to access not only the natural products but also their various diastereoisomeric derivatives. Key to success here is the availability of highly tunable phosphoramidite Ni(II) complexes useful for overcoming the inherent selectivity of the chiral intermediates. The yields for hydrovinylation (HV) reactions are excellent, and selectivities are in the range of 92-99% for the desired isomers. Discovery of novel, configurationally fluxional, yet sterically less demanding 2,2'-biphenol-derived phosphoramidite Ni complexes (fully characterized by X-ray) turned out to be critical for success in several HV reactions. We also report a less spectacular yet equally important role of solvents in a metal-ammonia reduction for the installation of a key benzylic chiral center. Starting with simple oxygenated styrene derivatives, we iteratively install the various exocyclic chiral centers present in typical serrulatane [e.g., a (+)- p-benzoquinone natural product, elisabethadione, nor-elisabethadione, helioporin D, a known advanced intermediate for the synthesis of colombiasin and elisapterosin] and amphilectane [e.g., A-F, G-J, and K,L pseudopterosins] derivatives. A concise table showing various synthetic approaches to these molecules is included in the Supporting Information. Our attempts to synthesize a hitherto elusive target, elisabethin A, led to a stereoselective, biomimetic route to pseudopterosin A-F aglycones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - T. V. RajanBabu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 100 West 18th Avenue, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 United States
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16
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Wilson CM, Ganesh V, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Enantiospecific sp 2 -sp 3 Coupling of ortho- and para-Phenols with Secondary and Tertiary Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16318-16322. [PMID: 29111609 PMCID: PMC5767764 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of ortho- and para-phenols with secondary and tertiary boronic esters has been explored. In the case of para-substituted phenols, after reaction of a dilithio phenolate species with a boronic ester, treatment with Ph3 BiF2 or Martin's sulfurane gave the coupled product with complete enantiospecificity. The methodology was applied to the synthesis of the broad spectrum antibacterial natural product (-)-4-(1,5-dimethylhex-4-enyl)-2-methyl phenol. For ortho-substituted phenols, initial incorporation of a benzotriazole on the phenol oxygen atom was required. Subsequent ortho-lithiation and borylation gave the coupled product, again with complete stereospecificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. Wilson
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | | | - Adam Noble
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
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17
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Wilson CM, Ganesh V, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Enantiospecific sp2
-sp3
Coupling of ortho
- and para
-Phenols with Secondary and Tertiary Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. Wilson
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Venkataraman Ganesh
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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18
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Spielmann K, de Figueiredo RM, Campagne JM. Stereospecific Hydrogenolysis of Lactones: Application to the Total Syntheses of (R)-ar-Himachalene and (R)-Curcumene. J Org Chem 2017; 82:4737-4743. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Spielmann
- Institut Charles Gerhardt,
UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieur de Chimie de Montpellier 8, Rue de L’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Renata Marcia de Figueiredo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt,
UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieur de Chimie de Montpellier 8, Rue de L’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Campagne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt,
UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieur de Chimie de Montpellier 8, Rue de L’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
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19
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Guo YA, Zhao M, Xu Z, Ye T. Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Actinoranone. Chemistry 2017; 23:3572-3576. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-an Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics; Engineering Laboratory for Chiral Drug Synthesis; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School; Xili, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics; Engineering Laboratory for Chiral Drug Synthesis; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School; Xili, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhengshuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics; Engineering Laboratory for Chiral Drug Synthesis; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School; Xili, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Tao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics; Engineering Laboratory for Chiral Drug Synthesis; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School; Xili, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
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20
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Sandford C, Aggarwal VK. Stereospecific functionalizations and transformations of secondary and tertiary boronic esters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5481-5494. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01254c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This feature article discusses the range of stereospecific transformations available to enantioenriched boronic esters, and their applications in synthesis.
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21
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Catalytic activation of carbon-carbon bonds in cyclopentanones. Nature 2016; 539:546-550. [PMID: 27806379 DOI: 10.1038/nature19849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the chemical industry, molecules of interest are based primarily on carbon skeletons. When synthesizing such molecules, the activation of carbon-carbon single bonds (C-C bonds) in simple substrates is strategically important: it offers a way of disconnecting such inert bonds, forming more active linkages (for example, between carbon and a transition metal) and eventually producing more versatile scaffolds. The challenge in achieving such activation is the kinetic inertness of C-C bonds and the relative weakness of newly formed carbon-metal bonds. The most common tactic starts with a three- or four-membered carbon-ring system, in which strain release provides a crucial thermodynamic driving force. However, broadly useful methods that are based on catalytic activation of unstrained C-C bonds have proven elusive, because the cleavage process is much less energetically favourable. Here we report a general approach to the catalytic activation of C-C bonds in simple cyclopentanones and some cyclohexanones. The key to our success is the combination of a rhodium pre-catalyst, an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand and an amino-pyridine co-catalyst. When an aryl group is present in the C3 position of cyclopentanone, the less strained C-C bond can be activated; this is followed by activation of a carbon-hydrogen bond in the aryl group, leading to efficient synthesis of functionalized α-tetralones-a common structural motif and versatile building block in organic synthesis. Furthermore, this method can substantially enhance the efficiency of the enantioselective synthesis of some natural products of terpenoids. Density functional theory calculations reveal a mechanism involving an intriguing rhodium-bridged bicyclic intermediate.
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22
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Wu Z, Sun X, Potter K, Cao Y, Zakharov LN, Blakemore PR. Stereospecific Synthesis of Alkenes by Eliminative Cross-Coupling of Enantioenriched sp3
-Hybridized Carbenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Kristin Potter
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Paul R. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
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23
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Wu Z, Sun X, Potter K, Cao Y, Zakharov LN, Blakemore PR. Stereospecific Synthesis of Alkenes by Eliminative Cross-Coupling of Enantioenriched sp3
-Hybridized Carbenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12285-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Kristin Potter
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Paul R. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis OR 97331 USA
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24
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Incerti-Pradillos CA, Kabeshov MA, O'Hora PS, Shipilovskikh SA, Rubtsov AE, Drobkova VA, Balandina SY, Malkov AV. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)-Erogorgiaene and Its C-11 Epimer and Investigation of Their Antimycobacterial Activity. Chemistry 2016; 22:14390-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul S. O'Hora
- Department of Chemistry; Loughborough University; Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Sergei A. Shipilovskikh
- Department of Chemistry; Loughborough University; Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
- Department of Chemistry; Perm State University; Bukireva 15 614990 Perm Russia
| | | | - Vera A. Drobkova
- Department of Chemistry; Perm State University; Bukireva 15 614990 Perm Russia
| | | | - Andrei V. Malkov
- Department of Chemistry; Loughborough University; Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
- Chemistry Department; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; Miklukho-Maklaya 6 117198 Moscow Russia
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25
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Yang K, Zhou F, Kuang Z, Gao G, Driver TG, Song Q. Diborane-Mediated Deoxygenation of o-Nitrostyrenes To Form Indoles. Org Lett 2016; 18:4088-91. [PMID: 27499149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mild, transition metal-free, diborane-mediated deoxygenation of nitro groups was discovered that in situ generates nitrosoarene reactive intermediates. This new reactivity mode of B2pin2 was leveraged to construct indoles from o-nitrostyrenes through a reductive-cyclization reaction that exhibits a Hammett ρ-value of +0.97 relative to σpara values. Our new deoxygenation reaction is efficient, practical, and scaleable, enabling access to a broad range of indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University , 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Zhijie Kuang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University , 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Gao
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University , 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Tom G Driver
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University , 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University , 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
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26
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Yu X, Su F, Liu C, Yuan H, Zhao S, Zhou Z, Quan T, Luo T. Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Various Amphilectane and Serrulatane Diterpenoids via Cope Rearrangements. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6261-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fan Su
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haosen Yuan
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyao Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tianfei Quan
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tuoping Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry
of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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27
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Wu L, Zhong JC, Liu SK, Liu FP, Gao ZD, Wang M, Bian QH. Asymmetric synthesis of (R)-ar-curcumene, (R)-4,7-dimethyl-l-tetralone, and their enantiomers via cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric Kumada cross-coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Barker G, Webster S, Johnson DG, Curley R, Andrews M, Young PC, Macgregor SA, Lee AL. Gold-Catalyzed Proto- and Deuterodeboronation. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9807-16. [PMID: 26118859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mild gold-catalyzed protodeboronation reaction, which does not require acid or base additives and can be carried out in "green" solvents, is described. As a result, the reaction is very functional-group-tolerant, even to acid- and base-sensitive functional groups, and should allow for the boronic acid group to be used as an effective traceless directing or blocking group. The reaction has also been extended to deuterodeboronations for regiospecific ipso-deuterations of aryls and heteroaryls from the corresponding organoboronic acid. Based on density functional theory calculations, a mechanism is proposed that involves nucleophilic attack of water at boron followed by rate-limiting B-C bond cleavage and facile protonolysis of a Au-σ-phenyl intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Barker
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Stacey Webster
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - David G Johnson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Curley
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Andrews
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Paul C Young
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
| | - Ai-Lan Lee
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS United Kingdom
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29
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O'Hora PS, Incerti-Pradillos CA, Kabeshov MA, Shipilovskikh SA, Rubtsov AE, Elsegood MRJ, Malkov AV. Catalytic Asymmetric Crotylation of Aldehydes: Application in Total Synthesis of (−)-Elisabethadione. Chemistry 2015; 21:4551-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Odagi M, Furukori K, Yamamoto Y, Sato M, Iida K, Yamanaka M, Nagasawa K. Origin of Stereocontrol in Guanidine-Bisurea Bifunctional Organocatalyst That Promotes α-Hydroxylation of Tetralone-Derived β-Ketoesters: Asymmetric Synthesis of β- and γ-Substituted Tetralone Derivatives via Organocatalytic Oxidative Kinetic Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1909-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ja511149y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minami Odagi
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Kota Furukori
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Yamamoto
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Sato
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, 171-8501, Tokyo Japan
| | - Keisuke Iida
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, 171-8501, Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
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31
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32
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Liu C, Li X, Wu Y. Base-promoted silver-catalyzed protodeboronation of arylboronic acids and esters. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16323k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The first base-promoted silver-catalyzed efficient protodeboronation of arylboronic acids and esters in aqueous media was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xinmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yonghua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
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33
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Watson CG, Balanta A, Elford TG, Essafi S, Harvey JN, Aggarwal VK. Construction of Multiple, Contiguous Quaternary Stereocenters in Acyclic Molecules by Lithiation-Borylation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17370-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja509029h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte G. Watson
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Angelica Balanta
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Tim G. Elford
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Stéphanie Essafi
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Jeremy N. Harvey
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Varinder K. Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
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34
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Leonori D, Aggarwal VK. Lithiation-borylation methodology and its application in synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:3174-83. [PMID: 25262745 DOI: 10.1021/ar5002473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Developing new methods that enable the synthesis of new and complex molecules with complete control of their 3-D shape is central to the advancement of synthetic chemistry with applications spanning from medicine to materials. Our approach consists of the iterative combination of small building blocks through the use of boron chemistry to essentially "grow" molecules. This approach, which we term assembly-line synthesis (ALS), resembles the way that nature assembles natural products (e.g., the polyketide synthase machinery) and has the advantage that many structural variations can be easily introduced and the products can be evaluated in structural or biological contexts. Chiral boronic esters have been recognized as valuable building blocks due to their unique chemical properties. They are both chemically and configurationally stable, and they can be prepared with very high levels of enantioselectivity. Additionally they undergo a broad array of transformations that lead to the stereocontrolled formation of C-C and C-X (X = heteroatom) bonds. This versatility makes boronic acids ideal building blocks for iterative molecular assembly. A powerful reaction platform for chemical diversification using chiral boronic esters is their homologation using lithium carbenoids via 1,2-metalate rearrangement. In the 1980s, Matteson described the use of boronic esters bearing a chiral diol in a two-step homologation process with dichloromethyl lithium and Grignard reagents (substrate-controlled approach). We have focused on reagent control and have found that Hoppe's chiral lithiated carbamates can be used as carbenoid equivalents in conjunction with achiral boronic esters. This reagent-controlled process offers many advantages due to the easy access of both the chiral lithiated carbamates and stable boronic esters. The carbamates can be derived from primary or secondary alcohols, and a broad range of functionalized boronic esters and boranes can be employed. Multiple homologations can be carried out in a one-pot sequence thereby streamlining the process to a single operation. This methodology has enabled the synthesis of many molecules containing multiple contiguous stereogenic centers with exquisite 3-D control. In this Account, we trace our own studies to establish the lithiation-borylation methodology and describe selected synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Leonori
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
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35
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Liu C, Li X, Wu Y, Qiu J. Copper-catalyzed protodeboronation of arylboronic acids in aqueous media. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11659c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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36
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Firth JD, O'Brien P, Ferris L. Revisiting the sparteine surrogate: development of a resolution route to the (-)-sparteine surrogate. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:9357-65. [PMID: 25297971 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01694g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The improved performance of the sparteine surrogate compared to sparteine in a range of applications has highlighted the need to develop an approach to the (-)-sparteine surrogate, previously inaccessible in gram-quantities. A multi-gram scale, chromatography-free synthesis of the racemic sparteine surrogate and its resolution via diastereomeric salt formation with (-)-O,O'-di-p-toluoyl-l-tartaric acid is reported. Resolution on a 10.0 mmol scale gave the diastereomeric salts in 33% yield from which (-)-sparteine surrogate of 93 : 7 er was generated. This work solves a key limitation: either enantiomer of the sparteine surrogate can now be readily accessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Firth
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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37
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Canipa SJ, Stute A, O'Brien P. Use of copper(II)/diamine catalysts in the desymmetrisation of meso-diols and asymmetric Henry reactions: comparison of (−)-sparteine and (+)-sparteine surrogates. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Ahn SJ, Lee CY, Kim NK, Cheon CH. Metal-Free Protodeboronation of Electron-Rich Arene Boronic Acids and Its Application to ortho-Functionalization of Electron-Rich Arenes Using a Boronic Acid as a Blocking Group. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7277-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500780b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Ahn
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Young Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Kyoon Kim
- Advanced
Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 14-5
Hwarangro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136791, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hong Cheon
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136701, Republic of Korea
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39
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Synthesis of hydroxyphthioceranic acid using a traceless lithiation-borylation-protodeboronation strategy. Nat Chem 2014; 6:810-4. [PMID: 25143217 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In planning organic syntheses, disconnections are most often made adjacent to functional groups, which assist in C-C bond formation. For molecules devoid of obvious functional groups this approach presents a problem, and so functionalities must be installed temporarily and then removed. Here we present a traceless strategy for organic synthesis that uses a boronic ester as such a group in a one-pot lithiation-borylation-protodeboronation sequence. To realize this strategy, we developed a methodology for the protodeboronation of alkyl pinacol boronic esters that involves the formation of a boronate complex with a nucleophile followed by oxidation with Mn(OAc)3 in the presence of the hydrogen-atom donor 4-tert-butylcatechol. Iterative lithiation-borylation-protodeboronation allows the coupling of smaller fragments to build-up long alkyl chains. We employed this strategy in the synthesis of hydroxyphthioceranic acid, a key component of the cell-wall lipid of the virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in just 14 steps (longest linear sequence) with full stereocontrol.
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40
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Unsworth PJ, Leonori D, Aggarwal VK. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 1,5-Stereogenic Centers through Three-Carbon Homologation of Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Unsworth PJ, Leonori D, Aggarwal VK. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 1,5-Stereogenic Centers through Three-Carbon Homologation of Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9846-50. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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42
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Copper-Catalyzed Borylative Allyl-Allyl Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9007-11. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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43
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Semba K, Bessho N, Fujihara T, Terao J, Tsuji Y. Copper-Catalyzed Borylative Allyl-Allyl Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Sušnik P, Hilt G. Homoallylpinacolboronic Ester as Alkene Component in Cobalt-Catalyzed Alder Ene Reactions. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500292t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sušnik
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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45
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Gualandi A, Canestrari P, Emer E, Cozzi PG. A Straightforward Organocatalytic Alkylation of 2-Arylacetaldehydes: An Approach towards Bisabolanes. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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46
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Lee CY, Ahn SJ, Cheon CH. Protodeboronation of ortho- and para-phenol boronic acids and application to ortho and meta functionalization of phenols using boronic acids as blocking and directing groups. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12154-60. [PMID: 24187996 DOI: 10.1021/jo402174v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The first metal-free thermal protodeboronation of ortho- and para-phenol boronic acids in DMSO was developed. The protodeboronation was successfully applied to the synthesis of ortho- and meta-functionalized phenols using the boronic acid moiety as a blocking group and a directing group, respectively. Mechanistic studies suggested that this protodeboronation proceeds through the coordination of water to the boron atom followed by σ-bond metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136701, Republic of Korea
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47
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Goncalves-Contal S, Gremaud L, Alexakis A. Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Trimethylaluminum to β,γ-Unsaturated α-Ketoamides: Efficient Access to γ-Methyl-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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48
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Rouden J, Lasne MC, Blanchet J, Baudoux J. (−)-Cytisine and Derivatives: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications. Chem Rev 2013; 114:712-78. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400307e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Rouden
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
et Thioorganique, ENSICAEN-Université de Caen, CNRS, Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire, Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Marie-Claire Lasne
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
et Thioorganique, ENSICAEN-Université de Caen, CNRS, Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire, Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Blanchet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
et Thioorganique, ENSICAEN-Université de Caen, CNRS, Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire, Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Baudoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire
et Thioorganique, ENSICAEN-Université de Caen, CNRS, Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire, Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
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Goncalves-Contal S, Gremaud L, Alexakis A. Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Trimethylaluminum to β,γ-Unsaturated α-Ketoamides: Efficient Access to γ-Methyl-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12701-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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Sun X, Blakemore PR. Programmed synthesis of a contiguous stereotriad motif by triple stereospecific reagent-controlled homologation. Org Lett 2013; 15:4500-3. [PMID: 23947788 DOI: 10.1021/ol402049y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
All distinct diastereoisomers of a contiguous stereotriad motif were separately targeted by a triple chain extension of B-phenethyl boronic esters using four unique presentation sequences of enantiomorphs of 1-[(2)H]-1-chloro-2-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)ethyllithium. The (R)- or (S)-configured chloroalkyllithium reagents were generated by sulfoxide-lithium exchange from the appropriate scalemic p-tolyl chloroalkyl sulfoxides using phenyllithium (THF, -78 °C). Stereotriad synthesis was accomplished in a single reaction vessel [7-19% yield, typical dr ≥ 74 (target):26 (∑ all other isomers)] and implemented by a simple algorithm consisting of reagent charging and temperature cycling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4003, USA
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