1
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Ghana P, Xiong S, Tekpor A, Bailey BC, Spinney HA, Henderson BS, Agapie T. Catalyst Editing via Post-Synthetic Functionalization by Phosphonium Generation and Anion Exchange for Nickel-Catalyzed Ethylene/Acrylate Copolymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18797-18803. [PMID: 38967615 PMCID: PMC11258788 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Rapid, efficient development of homogeneous catalysts featuring desired performance is critical to numerous catalytic transformations but remains a key challenge. Typically, this task relies heavily on ligand design that is often based on trial and error. Herein, we demonstrate a "catalyst editing" strategy in Ni-catalyzed ethylene/acrylate copolymerization. Specifically, alkylation of a pendant phosphine followed by anion exchange provides a high yield strategy for a large number of cationic Ni phosphonium catalysts with varying electronic and steric profiles. These catalysts are highly active in ethylene/acrylate copolymerization, and their behaviors are correlated with the electrophile and the anion used in late-stage functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Shuoyan Xiong
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Adjeoda Tekpor
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brad C. Bailey
- Chemical
Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical
Company, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | - Heather A. Spinney
- Chemical
Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical
Company, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | - Briana S. Henderson
- Chemical
Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical
Company, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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2
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Xiong S, Ghana P, Bailey BC, Spinney HA, Henderson BS, Espinosa MR, Agapie T. Impact of Labile Ligands on Catalyst Initiation and Chain Propagation in Ni-Catalyzed Ethylene/Acrylate Copolymerization. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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3
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Zhang Z, Jiang Y, Lei R, Zhang Y, Li S, Cui D. Proximity-Driven Synergic Copolymerization of Ethylene and Polar Monomers. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Shanxi Coal Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rui Lei
- Shanxi Coal Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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4
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Yu J, Zhang D, Wang Q. Rigid Triptycene-Based Di- and Trinuclear Salicylaldiminato Nickel Cooperative Polymerization Catalysts. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jueqin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanrui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Baalbaki HA, Goonesinghe C, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cooperative Initiation in a Dinuclear Indium Complex for CO 2 Epoxide Copolymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1968-1977. [PMID: 36688644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear indium complexes have been synthesized and characterized. These include neutral and cationic indium complexes supported by a Schiff base ligand bearing a binaphthol linker. The new compounds were investigated for alternating copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide. In particular, the neutral indium chloride complex (±)-[(ONapNiN)InCl2]2 (4) showed high conversion of cyclohexene oxide and selectivity for poly(cyclohexene carbonate) formation without cocatalysts at 80 °C under various CO2 pressures (2-30 bar). Importantly, the reactivity of the dinuclear indium chloride complex 4 is drastically different from that of the mononuclear indium chloride complex (±)-(NNiOtBu)InCl2 (5), suggesting a cooperative initiation mechanism involving the two indium centers in 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hassan A Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
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6
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Turney KM, Kaewdeewong P, Eagan JM. Ethylene polymerization using heterogeneous multinuclear nickel catalysts supported by a crosslinked alpha diimine ligand network. Polym Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3py00118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
A crosslinked alpha diimine ligand supporting a nickel metal center polymerizes ethylene to produce polyethylene with controlled microstructures, high activities, and can be removed from the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keaton M. Turney
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325-3909 USA
| | - Parin Kaewdeewong
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325-3909 USA
| | - James M. Eagan
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325-3909 USA
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7
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Dinuclear Reactivity of One Metal Exalted by the Second One. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2022_80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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8
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Xiong S, Hong A, Bailey BC, Spinney HA, Senecal TD, Bailey H, Agapie T. Highly Active and Thermally Robust Nickel Enolate Catalysts for the Synthesis of Ethylene-Acrylate Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206637. [PMID: 35723944 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The insertion copolymerization of polar olefins and ethylene remains a significant challenge in part due to catalysts' low activity and poor thermal stability. Herein we demonstrate a strategy toward addressing these obstacles through ligand design. Neutral nickel phosphine enolate catalysts with large phosphine substituents reaching the axial positions of Ni achieve activity of up to 7.7×103 kg mol-1 h-1 (efficiency >35×103 g copolymer/g Ni) at 110 °C, notable for ethylene/acrylate copolymerization. NMR analysis of resulting copolymers reveals highly linear microstructures with main-chain ester functionality. Structure-performance studies indicate a strong correlation between axial steric hindrance and catalyst performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyan Xiong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alexandria Hong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Brad C Bailey
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Heather A Spinney
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Todd D Senecal
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Hannah Bailey
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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9
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Xiong S, Hong A, Bailey BC, Spinney HA, Senecal TD, Bailey H, Agapie T. Highly Active and Thermally Robust Nickel Enolate Catalysts for the Synthesis of Ethylene‐Acrylate Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyan Xiong
- California Institute of Technology Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Alexandria Hong
- California Institute of Technology Chemistry and Chemical Engineering UNITED STATES
| | | | | | | | | | - Theodor Agapie
- California Institute of Technology Chemistry 1200 California BlvdMC 127-72 91106 Pasadena UNITED STATES
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10
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Sampson J, Bruening M, Akhtar MN, Jaseer EA, Theravalappil R, Garcia N, Agapie T. Copolymerization of Ethylene and Long-Chain Functional α-Olefins by Dinuclear Zirconium Catalysts. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sampson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Meaghan Bruening
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Muhammed Naseem Akhtar
- Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - E. A. Jaseer
- Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Theravalappil
- Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nestor Garcia
- Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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11
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Khoshsefat M, Ma Y, Sun WH. Multinuclear late transition metal catalysts for olefin polymerization. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Göttker-Schnetmann I, Mecking S. A Practical Synthesis of [(tmeda)Ni(CH3)2], Isotopically Labeled [(tmeda)Ni(13CH3)2], and Neutral Chelated-Nickel Methyl Complexes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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13
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Liu S, Xing Y, Zheng Q, Jia Y, Li Z. Synthesis of Anthracene-Bridged Dinuclear Phenoxyiminato Organotitanium Catalysts with Enhanced Activity, Thermal Stability, and Comonomer Incorporation Ability toward Ethylene (Co)polymerization. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quande Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Yuntawattana N, Nakornkhet C, Nanok T, Upitak K, Hormnirun P. Dinuclear aluminum complexes bearing methylene-bridged phenoxy-imine ligands and their application in the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first report on the use of dinuclear aluminum complexes supported by methylene-bridged phenoxy-imine ligands for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Yuntawattana
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Chutikan Nakornkhet
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Tanin Nanok
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Kanokon Upitak
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Pimpa Hormnirun
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
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15
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Reinhart ED, Jordan RF. Template-Free Synthesis of a Macrocyclic Bis(pyridine-dienamine) Proligand and Metal Complexes of Its Bis(pyridine-diimine) and Bis(pyridine-dienamido) Forms. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15466-15478. [PMID: 31675222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe the template-free synthesis of the bis(pyridine-dienamine) proligand [4,5-(m-xylylenediamine)NH-C═(CH)(9-butyl-octahydroacridine)]2 (2'), a variant of Burrows's macrocyclic bis(pyridine-diimine) (bis-PDI) ligand [2,6-(m-xylylenediamine)N═C(py)]2 (A), using octahydroacridine as the ligand backbone. The octahydroacridine backbone favors macrocyclization by constraining the PDI units in the (s-cis)2 conformation. The template-free synthesis of 2' enables facile access to a wide array of bis-PDI and bis(pyridine-dienamido) (bis-PDE) metal complexes. Five-coordinate binuclear bis-PDI (2)M2Cl4 complexes {2 = [4,5-(m-xylylenediamine)N═C(9-butyl-octahydroacridine)]2; M = Zn, Co, or Fe} and a four-coordinate bis-PDI [(2)Pd2Br2][B(3,5-(CF3)2-Ph)4]2 complex were synthesized and characterized. (2)Zn2Cl4 undergoes macrocyclic ring inversion on the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) time scale with a free energy barrier ΔG⧧ of 15.5(3) kcal/mol at 295 K. In contrast, (2)Fe2Cl4 and (2)Co2Cl4 undergo slow ring inversion on the NMR chemical shift time scale at 295 K. The amine elimination reaction of 2' with Zr(NMe2)4 yields the bis-PDE complex (2'-4H)Zr2(NMe2)4, which was alkylated with AlMe3 and Al(CH2SiMe3)3 to generate (2'-4H)Zr2Me4 and (2'-4H)Zr2(CH2SiMe3)2(NMe2)2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik D Reinhart
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Chicago , 5735 South Ellis Avenue , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Richard F Jordan
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Chicago , 5735 South Ellis Avenue , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
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16
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Takeuchi D. Olefin Polymerization and Copolymerization Catalyzed by Dinuclear Catalysts Having Macrocyclic Ligands. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Takeuchi
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University
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17
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Luo Y, Li J, Luo D, You Q, Yang Z, Li T, Li X, Xie G. Methylene-Bridged Tridentate Salicylaldiminato Binuclear Titanium Complexes as Copolymerization Catalysts for the Preparation of LLDPE through [Fe]/[Ti] Tandem Catalysis. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1114. [PMID: 31266198 PMCID: PMC6681003 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel tandem catalysis system consisted of salicylaldiminato binuclear/mononuclear titanium and 2,6-bis(imino)pyridyl iron complexes was developed to catalyze ethylene in-situ copolymerization. Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) with varying molecular weight and branching degree was successfully prepared with ethylene as the sole monomer feed. The polymerization conditions, including the reaction temperature, the Fi/Ti molar ratio, and the structures of bi- or mononuclear Ti complexes were found to greatly influence the catalytic performances and the properties of obtained polymers. The polymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), high temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and high temperature 13C NMR spectroscopy, and found to contain ethyl, butyl, as well as some longer branches. The binuclear titanium complexes demonstrated excellent catalytic activity (up to 8.95 × 106 g/molTi·h·atm) and showed a strong positive comonomer effect when combined with the bisiminopyridyl Fe complex. The branching degree can be tuned from 2.53 to 22.89/1000C by changing the reaction conditions or using different copolymerization pre-catalysts. The melting points, crystallinity and molecular weights of the products can also be modified accordingly. The binuclear complex Ti2L1 with methylthio sidearm showed higher capability for comonomer incorporation and produced polymers with higher branching degree and much higher molecular weight compared with the mononuclear analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jian Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Derong Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingliang You
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tingcheng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiandan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangyong Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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18
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Thakur A, Baba R, Wada T, Chammingkwan P, Taniike T. Cooperative Catalysis by Multiple Active Centers of a Half-Titanocene Catalyst Integrated in Polymer Random Coils. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Thakur
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Ryuki Baba
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Toru Wada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Patchanee Chammingkwan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Taniike
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
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19
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Yu X, Li M, Hong J, Zhou X, Zhang L. Living 3,4‐(Co)Polymerization of Isoprene/Myrcene and One‐Pot Synthesis of a Polyisoprene Blend Catalyzed by Binuclear Rare‐Earth Metal Amidinate Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:2569-2576. [PMID: 30537360 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaying Yu
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jianquan Hong
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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20
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He X, Wang S, Yang Y, Tu G, Zhang F, Huang S, Duan Y, Zhu C, Cheng C, Chen D. C-C bridged Ni(II) complexes bearing β-keto-9-fluorenyliminato ligands prepared by different in situ
bonding mechanisms and their use in catalytic (co)polymerization of norbornene and styrene. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Suli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Yingping Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Guangshui Tu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Shengmei Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Yapeng Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Chuanyi Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Changwen Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
| | - Defu Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture; Nanchang University; 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China
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21
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TAKEUCHI D, TAKANO S, CHIBA Y, IWAMURA T, OSAKADA K. Polymerization and Copolymerization of Olefins by Double-Decker Type Dinuclear Metal Complex Catalysts. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2018. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2018-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke TAKEUCHI
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University
| | - Shigenaga TAKANO
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Yuriko CHIBA
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Takashi IWAMURA
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Kohtaro OSAKADA
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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22
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Suo H, Solan GA, Ma Y, Sun WH. Developments in compartmentalized bimetallic transition metal ethylene polymerization catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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23
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Takeuchi D, Iwasawa T, Osakada K. Double-Decker-Type Dipalladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Acrylic Anhydride. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Takeuchi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-04, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwasawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-04, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-04, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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24
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Chen X, Zeng Y, Lan Z, You Q, Li T, Li X, Zhang D, Xie G. A Methylene-bridged salicylaldiminato tridentate [ONS] binuclear titanium complex for ethylene-norbornene copolymerization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2018.1470467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Lan
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingliang You
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangdan Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Daohong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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25
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Gao Y, Chen X, Zhang J, Chen J, Lohr TL, Marks TJ. Catalyst Nuclearity Effects on Stereo- and Regioinduction in Pyridylamidohafnium-Catalyzed Propylene and 1-Octene Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiazhen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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26
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Luo D, Zeng Y, Chen X, Xia P, Xie G, You Q, Zhang L, Li T, Li X, Zhang A. Synthesis, characterization and olefin polymerization behaviors of phenylene-bridged bis-β-carbonylenamine binuclear titanium complexes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6954-6964. [PMID: 35540336 PMCID: PMC9078301 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00071a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Binuclear and multinuclear complexes have attracted much attention due to their unique catalytic performances for olefin polymerization compared with their mononuclear counterparts. In this work, a series of phenyl-bridged bis-β-carbonylenamine [O−NSR] (R = alkyl or phenyl) tridentate ligands and their binuclear titanium complexes (Ti2L1–Ti2L5) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR and elemental analysis. The molecular structure of ligand L2 (R = nPr) and its corresponding Ti complex Ti2L2 were further investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which showed that each titanium coordinated with six atoms to form a distorted octahedral configuration along with the conversion of the ligand from β-carbonylenamine to β-imino enol form. Under the activation of MMAO, these complexes catalyzed ethylene polymerization and ethylene/α-olefin copolymerization with extremely high activity (over 106 g mol (Ti)−1 h−1 atm−1) to produce high molecular weight polyethylene. At the same time, wider polydispersity as compared with the mononuclear counterpart TiL6 was observed, indicating that two active catalytic centers may be present, consistent with the asymmetrical crystal structure of the binuclear titanium complex. Furthermore, these complexes possessed better thermal stability than their mononuclear analogues. Compared with the complexes bearing alkylthio sidearms, the complex Ti2L5 bearing a phenylthio sidearm exhibited higher catalytic activity towards ethylene polymerization and produced polyethylene with much higher molecular weight, but with an appreciably lower 1-hexene incorporation ratio. Nevertheless, these bis-β-carbonylenamine-derived binuclear titanium complexes showed much higher ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization activity and 1-hexene incorporation ratios as compared with the methylene-bridged bis-salicylaldiminato binuclear titanium complexes, and the molecular weight and 1-hexene incorporation ratio could be flexibly tuned by the initial feed of α-olefin commoners and catalyst structures. Phenyl-bridged bis-β-carbonylenamine binuclear titanium complexes were synthesized, characterized and used to catalyze ethylene (co)polymerization with extremely high activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Derong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Ping Xia
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Guangyong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Qingliang You
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Tingcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xiangdan Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Aiqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Ministry of Education Hubei Province, South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 China
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27
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A novel tridentate [ONS] binuclear titanium complex bearing oxo-bridged macrocyclic structure for ethylene polymerization. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Rong C, Wang F, Li W, Chen M. Ethylene Polymerization by Dinuclear Xanthene-Bridged Imino- and Aminopyridyl Nickel Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong Rong
- Advanced
Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center,
School of Pertrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Fuzhou Wang
- Advanced
Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center,
School of Pertrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Weimin Li
- Advanced
Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center,
School of Pertrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Min Chen
- Advanced
Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center,
School of Pertrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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29
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Liu S, Invergo AM, McInnis JP, Mouat AR, Motta A, Lohr TL, Delferro M, Marks TJ. Distinctive Stereochemically Linked Cooperative Effects in Bimetallic Titanium Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Anna M. Invergo
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jennifer P. McInnis
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Aidan R. Mouat
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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30
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Chen J, Gao Y, Xiong S, Delferro M, Lohr TL, Marks TJ. Metal and Counteranion Nuclearity Effects in Organoscandium-Catalyzed Isoprene Polymerization and Copolymerization. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Shuoyan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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31
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Leicht H, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Mecking S. Synergetic Effect of Monomer Functional Group Coordination in Catalytic Insertion Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6823-6826. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Leicht
- Chair of Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair of Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials
Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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32
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Sampson J, Choi G, Akhtar MN, Jaseer EA, Theravalappil R, Al-Muallem HA, Agapie T. Olefin Polymerization by Dinuclear Zirconium Catalysts Based on Rigid Teraryl Frameworks: Effects on Tacticity and Copolymerization Behavior. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sampson
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Gyeongshin Choi
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Theodor Agapie
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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33
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Li WW, Mu HL, Liu JY, Li YS. 9,9-Dimethylxanthene-based binuclear phenoxy-imine neutral nickel(II) catalysts for ethylene homo- and copolymerization. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Yue X, Qi X, Bai R, Lei A, Lan Y. Mononuclear or Dinuclear? Mechanistic Study of the Zinc-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Aldehydes and Acetylenes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6419-6425. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072 Hubei P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
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35
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Binuclear Titanium Catalysts Based on Methylene-Bridged Tridentate Salicylaldiminato Ligands for Ethylene Homo- and Copolymerization. Catal Letters 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-017-1985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Pye DR, Mankad NP. Bimetallic catalysis for C-C and C-X coupling reactions. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1705-1718. [PMID: 29780450 PMCID: PMC5933431 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bimetallic catalysis represents an alternative paradigm for coupling chemistry that complements the more traditional single-site catalysis approach. In this perspective, recent advances in bimetallic systems for catalytic C-C and C-X coupling reactions are reviewed. Behavior which complements that of established single-site catalysts is highlighted. Two major reaction classes are covered. First, generation of catalytic amounts of organometallic species of e.g. Cu, Au, or Ni capable of transmetallation to a Pd co-catalyst (or other traditional cross-coupling catalyst) has allowed important new C-C coupling technologies to emerge. Second, catalytic transformations involving binuclear bond-breaking and/or bond-forming steps, in some cases involving metal-metal bonds, represent a frontier area for C-C and C-X coupling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic R Pye
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 W. Taylor St. , Chicago , IL 60607 , USA .
| | - Neal P Mankad
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 W. Taylor St. , Chicago , IL 60607 , USA .
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37
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He X, Yang Y, Wang S, Han Z, Tu G, Zhang F, Huang S, Wang Z, Chen D. Synthesis of bis-(benzocyclohexan-ketoimino) Ni( ii) with different electron groups and their catalytic copolymerization of norbornene and polar norbornene. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09944d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several N,O-chelating type bidentate ligand nickel complexes were synthesized, characterized and applied to catalyze copolymerization of norbornene and polar norbornene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Yingping Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Suli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Zhilong Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Guangshui Tu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Shengmei Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Zijie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Defu Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
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38
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Takeuchi D, Chiba Y, Takano S, Kurihara H, Kobayashi M, Osakada K. Ethylene polymerization catalyzed by dinickel complexes with a double-decker structure. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Double-decker dinickel catalysts, even without any substituent on an ortho-position, afforded high molecular weight polyethylene with high crystallinity and less branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Takeuchi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Yuriko Chiba
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Shigenaga Takano
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | | | | | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
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39
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Chen Z, Yao E, Wang J, Gong X, Ma Y. Ethylene (Co)polymerization by Binuclear Nickel Phenoxyiminato Catalysts with Cofacial Orientation. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Erdong Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyi Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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40
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Thevenon A, Romain C, Bennington MS, White AJP, Davidson HJ, Brooker S, Williams CK. Dizinc Lactide Polymerization Catalysts: Hyperactivity by Control of Ligand Conformation and Metallic Cooperativity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8680-5. [PMID: 27295339 PMCID: PMC5089563 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how to moderate and improve catalytic activity is critical to improving degradable polymer production. Here, di- and monozinc catalysts, coordinated by bis(imino)diphenylamido ligands, show remarkable activities and allow determination of the factors controlling performance. In most cases, the dizinc catalysts significantly out-perform the monozinc analogs. Further, for the best dizinc catalyst, the ligand conformation controls activity: the catalyst with "folded" ligand conformation shows turnover frequency (TOF) values up to 60 000 h(-1) (0.1 mol % loading, 298 K, [LA]=1 m), whilst that with a "planar" conformation is much slower, under similar conditions (TOF=30 h(-1) ). Dizinc catalysts also perform very well under immortal conditions, showing improved control, and are able to tolerate loadings as low as 0.002 mol % whilst conserving high activity (TOF=12 500 h(-1) ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Thevenon
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
| | | | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
| | | | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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41
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Thevenon A, Romain C, Bennington MS, White AJP, Davidson HJ, Brooker S, Williams CK. Dizinc Lactide Polymerization Catalysts: Hyperactivity by Control of Ligand Conformation and Metallic Cooperativity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Thevenon
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; South Kensington UK
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; South Kensington UK
| | | | | | | | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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42
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Campos J, López-Serrano J, Peloso R, Carmona E. Methyl Complexes of the Transition Metals. Chemistry 2016; 22:6432-57. [PMID: 26991740 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic chemistry can be considered as a wide area of knowledge that combines concepts of classic organic chemistry, that is, based essentially on carbon, with molecular inorganic chemistry, especially with coordination compounds. Transition-metal methyl complexes probably represent the simplest and most fundamental way to view how these two major areas of chemistry combine and merge into novel species with intriguing features in terms of reactivity, structure, and bonding. Citing more than 500 bibliographic references, this review aims to offer a concise view of recent advances in the field of transition-metal complexes containing M-CH3 fragments. Taking into account the impressive amount of data that are continuously provided by organometallic chemists in this area, this review is mainly focused on results of the last five years. After a panoramic overview on M-CH3 compounds of Groups 3 to 11, which includes the most recent landmark findings in this area, two further sections are dedicated to methyl-bridged complexes and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Campos
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Riccardo Peloso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
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43
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Hu X, Dai S, Chen C. Ethylene polymerization by salicylaldimine nickel(ii) complexes containing a dibenzhydryl moiety. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:1496-503. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04408a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and ethylene polymerization properties of a series of salicylaldimine Ni(ii) complexes with a dibenzhydryl moiety are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Shengyu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Changle Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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44
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Zhang S, Xing Q, Sun WH. Frustratingly synergic effect of cobalt–nickel heterometallic precatalysts on ethylene reactivity: the cobalt and its heteronickel complexes bearing 2-methyl-2,4-bis(6-aryliminopyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,5-benzodiazepines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13048h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The title complexes showed good activities toward ethylene reactivity when obtained oligomers followed a Poisson distribution, but the mononuclear cobalt complexes showed higher activities than the cobalt–nickel analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Qifeng Xing
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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45
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Clarke RM, Hazin K, Thompson JR, Savard D, Prosser KE, Storr T. Electronic Structure Description of a Doubly Oxidized Bimetallic Cobalt Complex with Proradical Ligands. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:762-74. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Clarke
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Khatera Hazin
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - John R. Thompson
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Didier Savard
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Kathleen E. Prosser
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Tim Storr
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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46
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Shu D, Mouat AR, Stephenson CJ, Invergo AM, Delferro M, Marks TJ. Ligand-Unsymmetrical Phenoxyiminato Dinickel Catalyst for High Molecular Weight Long-Chain Branched Polyethylenes. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1297-1301. [PMID: 35614832 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An unsymmetrical bimetallic catalyst, (CF3/SO2)FI2-Ni2, having a CF3-functionalized phenoxyiminato Ni(II) center, which produces linear high-Mw polyolefin (CF3/Ni) joined to an adjacent SO2-functionalized phenoxyiminato Ni(II) center, which produces highly branched low-Mw polyolefin (SO2/Ni), was synthesized and fully characterized. In ethylene homopolymerizations, (CF3/SO2)FI2-Ni2 affords monomodal (Đ = 1.7), highly, long-chain branched (69 branches/1000 C) polyethylenes with Mw = 24 kg/mol. In contrast, bimetallic (CF3)FI2-Ni2 and (SO2)FI2-Ni2 produce high-Mw (25 kg/mol) exclusively methyl-branched (40 branches/1000 C) and low-Mw (4.5 kg/mol) highly branched (105 branches/1000 C) polyethylenes, respectively, while tandem monometallic (CF3)FI-Ni + (SO2)FI-Ni catalyst mixtures yield a bimodal polyolefin mixture (Đ = 6.4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Aidan R. Mouat
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Casey J. Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Anna M. Invergo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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47
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Mu H, Pan L, Song D, Li Y. Neutral Nickel Catalysts for Olefin Homo- and Copolymerization: Relationships between Catalyst Structures and Catalytic Properties. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12091-137. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500370f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Mu
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Li Pan
- School
of Material Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dongpo Song
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yuesheng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School
of Material Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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48
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Bis(iminopyridyl)phthalazine as a sterically hindered compartmental ligand for an M2 (M=Co, Ni, Fe, Zn) centre; Applications in ethylene oligomerisation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Wang D, Lindeman SV, Fiedler AT. Bimetallic Complexes Supported by a Redox-Active Ligand with Fused Pincer-Type Coordination Sites. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8744-54. [PMID: 26280846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable chemistry of mononuclear complexes featuring tridentate, meridionally chelating "pincer" ligands has stimulated the development of ligand frameworks containing multiple pincer sites. Here, the coordination chemistry of a novel pentadentate ligand (L(N3O2)) that provides two closely spaced NNO pincer-type compartments fused together at a central diarylamido unit is described. The trianionic L(N3O2) chelate supports homobimetallic structures in which each M(II) ion (M = Co, Cu, Zn) is bound in a meridional fashion by the bridging diarylamido N atom and O,N-donors of the salicyaldimine arms. The metal centers are also coordinated by a mono- or bidentate auxiliary ligand (L(aux)), resulting in complexes with the general form [M2(L(N3O2))(L(aux))2](+) (where L(aux) = 1-methyl-benzimidazole (1MeBI), 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 4,4'-dibromo-2,2'-bipyridine (bpy(Br2)), or (S)-2-(4-isopropyl-4,5-dihydrooxazolyl)pyridine (S-(iPr)OxPy)). The fused nature of the NNO pincer sites results in short metal-metal distances ranging from 2.70 Å for [Co2(L(N3O2)) (bpy)2](+) to 3.28 Å for [Zn2(L(N3O2)) (bpy)2](+), as revealed by X-ray crystallography. The complexes possess C2 symmetry due to the twisting of the aryl rings of the μ-NAr2 core; spectroscopic studies indicate that chiral L(aux) ligands, such as S-(iPr)OxPy, are capable of controlling the helical sense of the L(N3O2) scaffold. Since the four- or five-coordinate M(II) centers are linked solely by the amido moiety, each features an open coordination site in the intermetallic region, allowing for the possibility of metal-metal cooperativity in small-molecule activation. Indeed, the dicobalt(II) complex [Co2(L(N3O2)) (bpy(Br2))2](+) reacts with O2 to yield a dicobalt(III) species with a μ-1,2-peroxo ligand. The bpy-containing complexes exhibit rich electrochemical properties due to multiple metal- and ligand-based redox events across a wide (3.0 V) potential window. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT), it was determined that one-electron oxidation of [Co2(L(N3O2)) (bpy)2](+) results in formation of a S = 1/2 species with a L(N3O2)-based radical coupled to low-spin Co(II) centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Sergey V Lindeman
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Adam T Fiedler
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
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50
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Gao Y, Mouat AR, Motta A, Macchioni A, Zuccaccia C, Delferro M, Marks TJ. Pyridylamido Bi-Hafnium Olefin Polymerization Catalysis: Conformationally Supported Hf···Hf Enchainment Cooperativity. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Aidan R. Mouat
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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