1
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Yolsal U, Shaw PJ, Lowy PA, Chambenahalli R, Garden JA. Exploiting Multimetallic Cooperativity in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters and Ethers. ACS Catal 2024; 14:1050-1074. [PMID: 38269042 PMCID: PMC10804381 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The use of multimetallic complexes is a rapidly advancing route to enhance catalyst performance in the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters and ethers. Multimetallic catalysts often outperform their monometallic analogues in terms of reactivity and/or polymerization control, and these improvements are typically attributed to "multimetallic cooperativity". Yet the origins of multimetallic cooperativity often remain unclear. This review explores the key factors underpinning multimetallic cooperativity, including metal-metal distances, the flexibility, electronics and conformation of the ligand framework, and the coordination environment of the metal centers. Emerging trends are discussed to provide insights into why cooperativity occurs and how to harness cooperativity for the development of highly efficient multimetallic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utku Yolsal
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Shaw
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Phoebe A. Lowy
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Raju Chambenahalli
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A. Garden
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
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2
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Chen Y, Li B, Wang Y, Zhu X, Yuan D, Yao Y. Synthesis of Mono- and Dinuclear Aluminum Complexes Bearing Aromatic Amino-Phenolato Ligands: A Comparative Study in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21247-21256. [PMID: 38053396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear aluminum methyl complexes bearing aromatic diamine-bridged tetra(phenolato) ligands and the mononuclear aluminum methyl complex with the phenylamine-bridged bis(phenolato) ligand have been synthesized and characterized. Structure determination revealed that the Al-Al distances in these dinuclear aluminum complexes are tunable by the choice of the suitable aromatic backbone of the diamine-bridged tetra(phenolato) ligands. The catalytic behaviors of these mono- and dinuclear aluminum complexes for cyclohexene oxide (CHO) polymerization were investigated. The activities of these dinuclear Al complexes were observed to increase with the decrease of Al-Al distances, and the dinuclear Al complexes appeared to have better catalytic activity than the mononuclear Al complex, even if the Al-Al distance is as long as 9.401 Å. Dinuclear aluminum complex 2, with the shortest Al-Al distance (7.236 Å), showed the highest activity toward CHO polymerization with TOFs up to 6460 h-1 in neat CHO at 30 °C. Furthermore, comparative kinetic studies revealed that the polymerization is first-order for CHO concentration, and the reaction orders for initiator concentration are different for the mono- and dinuclear Al complexes. The polymerization mechanism study revealed that both the methyl and phenolate groups were involved in the initiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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3
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Mankaev BN, Karlov SS. Metal Complexes in the Synthesis of Biodegradable Polymers: Achievements and Prospects. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6682. [PMID: 37895663 PMCID: PMC10608263 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent advances in the synthesis of homopolymers of lactide and related cyclic esters via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of metal complexes based on group 1, 2, 4, 12, 13 and 14 metals. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the initiator structure on the properties of the obtaining homo- and copolymers. Also, a separate chapter is devoted to the study of metal complexes in the synthesis of copolymers of lactide and lactones. This review highlights the efforts made over the last ten years or so, and shows how main-group metals have received increasing attention in the field of the polymerization of lactide and related cyclic esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badma N. Mankaev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Karlov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Tansky M, Comito RJ. Bimetallic polymerization of lactide with binaphthol-derived bis-heteroscorpionate dizinc and dimagnesium complexes. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37318380 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Discrete bimetallic catalysts often provide enhanced reactivity and selectivity in lactone polymerization, making metal-metal cooperativity an important design principle for new catalyst development. However, the poor modularity of binucleating ligands limits structure-reactivity analysis and optimization. This report describes a modular, binucleating bis(pyrazolyl)alkane ligand series (1-R) bridged by a chiral binaphthol unit, prepared by nucleophile-catalyzed condensation between a dialdehyde and a bis(pyrazolyl)methanone. A bis(ethylzinc) complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, but in situ complexation with Zn(HMDS)2 and Mg(HMDS)2 provided more active catalysts for lactide polymerization (HMDS- = hexamethyldisilazide). Structure-reactivity studies identified complexes of 1-Me2 as the most active, and these catalysts show significant enhancements in rate compared to their monometallic analogues. Kinetic analysis resulted in first-order dependence on both mono- and bimetallic catalysts, suggesting metal-metal cooperativity as the basis for this rate enhancement. End-group analysis and low dispersity implicate a coordination-insertion mechanism through an alkoxide. Despite rapid transesterification observed by MALDI, we still demonstrated controlled polymerization in the block copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and L-lactide. Although we observed rate differences in the polymerization of L-lactide by opposite enantiomer catalysts, we did not observe catalyst-directed stereoselectivity in the polymerization of rac- or meso-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxym Tansky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA.
| | - Robert J Comito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA.
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5
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Hannah TJ, McCarvell WM, Kirsch T, Bedard J, Hynes T, Mayho J, Bamford KL, Vos CW, Kozak CM, George T, Masuda JD, Chitnis SS. Planar bismuth triamides: a tunable platform for main group Lewis acidity and polymerization catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4549-4563. [PMID: 37152250 PMCID: PMC10155930 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00917c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Geometric deformation in main group compounds can be used to elicit unique properties including strong Lewis acidity. Here we report on a family of planar bismuth(iii) complexes (cf. typically pyramidal structure for such compounds), which show a geometric Lewis acidity that can be further tuned by varying the steric and electronic features of the triamide ligand employed. The structural dynamism of the planar bismuth complexes was probed in both the solid and solution phase, revealing at least three distinct modes of intermolecular association. A modified Gutmann-Beckett method was used to assess their electrophilicity by employing trimethylphosphine sulfide in addition to triethylphosphine oxide as probes, providing insights into the preference for binding hard or soft substrates. Experimental binding studies were complemented by a computational assessment of the affinities and dissection of the latter into their intrinsic bond strength and deformation energy components. The results show comparable Lewis acidity to triarylboranes, with the added ability to bind two bases simultaneously, and reduced discrimination against soft substrates. We also study the catalytic efficacy of these complexes in the ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters ε-caprolactone and rac-lactide. The polymers obtained show excellent dispersity values and high molecular weights with low catalyst loadings used. The complexes retain their performance under industrially relevant conditions, suggesting they may be useful as less toxic alternatives to tin catalysts in the production of medical grade materials. Collectively, these results establish planar bismuth complexes as not only a novel neutral platform for main group Lewis acidity, but also a potentially valuable one for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Hannah
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - W Michael McCarvell
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Tamina Kirsch
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Joseph Bedard
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Toren Hynes
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Jacqueline Mayho
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Karlee L Bamford
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Cyler W Vos
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's NL A1B 3X7 Canada
| | - Christopher M Kozak
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's NL A1B 3X7 Canada
| | - Tanner George
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University 923 Robie St. Halifax NS B3H 3C3 Canada
| | - Jason D Masuda
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University 923 Robie St. Halifax NS B3H 3C3 Canada
| | - S S Chitnis
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Rd Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
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6
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Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Baalbaki HA, Goonesinghe C, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cooperative Initiation in a Dinuclear Indium Complex for CO 2 Epoxide Copolymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1968-1977. [PMID: 36688644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear indium complexes have been synthesized and characterized. These include neutral and cationic indium complexes supported by a Schiff base ligand bearing a binaphthol linker. The new compounds were investigated for alternating copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide. In particular, the neutral indium chloride complex (±)-[(ONapNiN)InCl2]2 (4) showed high conversion of cyclohexene oxide and selectivity for poly(cyclohexene carbonate) formation without cocatalysts at 80 °C under various CO2 pressures (2-30 bar). Importantly, the reactivity of the dinuclear indium chloride complex 4 is drastically different from that of the mononuclear indium chloride complex (±)-(NNiOtBu)InCl2 (5), suggesting a cooperative initiation mechanism involving the two indium centers in 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hassan A Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
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7
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Ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters mediated by zinc complexes coordinated with benzotriazo-based imino-phenoxy ligands. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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8
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Fazekas E, Lowy PA, Abdul Rahman M, Lykkeberg A, Zhou Y, Chambenahalli R, Garden JA. Main group metal polymerisation catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8793-8814. [PMID: 36214205 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00048b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
With sustainability at the forefront of current polymerisation research, the typically earth-abundant, inexpensive and low-toxicity main group metals are attractive candidates for catalysis. Main group metals have been exploited in a broad range of polymerisations, ranging from classical alkene polymerisation to the synthesis of new bio-derived and degradable polyesters and polycarbonates via ring-opening polymerisation and ring-opening copolymerisation. This tutorial review highlights efficient polymerisation catalysts based on Group 1, Group 2, Zn and Group 13 metals. Key mechanistic pathways and catalyst developments are discussed, including tailored ligand design, heterometallic cooperativity, bicomponent systems and careful selection of the polymerisation conditions, all of which can be used to fine-tune the metal Lewis acidity and the metal-alkyl bond polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Fazekas
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Phoebe A Lowy
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | | | - Anna Lykkeberg
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Yali Zhou
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Raju Chambenahalli
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Jennifer A Garden
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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9
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Wang L, Lu Y, Zhang L, Fang H, Zhang X, Li Y. Synthesis, structures, and catalytic activity toward the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone of zinc complexes supported by β-diketiminate ligands with a large aryl group. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Goonesinghe C, Jung HJ, Roshandel H, Diaz C, Baalbaki HA, Nyamayaro K, Ezhova M, Hosseini K, Mehrkhodavandi P. An Air Stable Cationic Indium Catalyst for Formation of High-Molecular-Weight Cyclic Poly(lactic acid). ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hootan Roshandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hassan A. Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Maria Ezhova
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kimia Hosseini
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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11
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Diaz C, Fu J, Soobrattee S, Cao L, Nyamayaro K, Goonesinghe C, Patrick BO, Mehrkhodavandi P. Comparison of Imine- and Phosphinimine-Supported Indium Complexes: Tuning the Reactivity for the Sequential and Simultaneous Copolymerization of Lactide and ε-Caprolactone. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3763-3773. [PMID: 35171588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Imine- and phosphinimine-supported indium complexes were used as catalysts in the polymerization of racemic lactide and ε-caprolactone as well as their copolymerization by the sequential and simultaneous addition of monomers. Tuning the electronics and sterics of the indium centers by either (i) changing the nature of the nitrogen donors and (ii) coordinating a hemilabile side group had a significant effect on the reactivity of the complexes, their stability, and their control in the synthesis of block copolymers. Specifically, the imine-supported complex (5) showed the highest activity in the homo- and copolymerization of the cyclic esters, in contrast to the phosphinimine-supported complex (7), which was significantly slower and less stable. The presence of morpholine and thiomorpholine hemilabile side groups either reduced the activity or prevented the formation of alkoxide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jane Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Shazia Soobrattee
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Lirong Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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12
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Jung HJ, Goonesinghe C, Mehrkhodavandi P. Temperature triggered alternating copolymerization of epoxides and lactones via pre-sequenced spiroorthoester intermediates. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3713-3718. [PMID: 35432898 PMCID: PMC8966630 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06634j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the alternating copolymerization of caprolactone and epoxide through the in situ formation of pre-sequenced spiroorthoester monomer. The reaction is catalyzed by the temperature triggered, bifunctional cationic indium complex (±)-[(NNiOtBu)In(CH2SiMe3)][B(C6F5)4] (1). 1 can catalyze the coupling of epoxide and lactone to form spiroorthoester at 60 °C and its double ring-opening polymerization at 110 °C to form poly(ether-alt-ester). The post-polymerization modification and degradation of the poly(ether-alt-ester) are further investigated. We report the alternating copolymerization of caprolactone and epoxide through the in situ formation of pre-sequenced spiroorthoester monomer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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13
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Baalbaki HA, Nyamayaro K, Shu J, Goonesinghe C, Jung HJ, Mehrkhodavandi P. Indium-Catalyzed CO 2/Epoxide Copolymerization: Enhancing Reactivity with a Hemilabile Phosphine Donor. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19304-19314. [PMID: 34870430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Group 13 metal complexes have emerged as powerful catalysts for transforming CO2 into added-value products. However, direct comparisons of reactivity between Al, Ga, and In catalysts are rare. We report aluminum (1), gallium (2), and indium (3) complexes supported by a half-salen H[PNNO] ligand with a pendent phosphine donor and investigate their activity as catalysts for the copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide. In solution, the P-donor is dissociated for the Al and Ga complexes while for the In complex it exhibits hemilabile behavior. The indium complex shows higher conversion and selectivity than the Al or Ga analogues. The mechanism of the reaction was studied by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy experiments as well as structural characterization of off-cycle catalytic intermediate indium trichloride complex [(PNNO)InCl3][TBA] (4). This study highlights the impact of a hemilabile phosphine group on group 13 metals and provides a detailed analysis of the initiation step in CO2/epoxide copolymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Julia Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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14
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Dąbrowska AM, Hurko A, Durka K, Dranka M, Horeglad P. The Effect of Symmetric and Asymmetric NHCs on the Structure and Catalytic Properties of Dialkylgallium Alkoxides in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide—Linking the Structure, Activity, and Stereoselectivity. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Dąbrowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Hurko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Durka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Dranka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Horeglad
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Gesslbauer S, Hutchinson G, White AJP, Burés J, Romain C. Chirality-Induced Catalyst Aggregation: Insights into Catalyst Speciation and Activity Using Chiral Aluminum Catalysts in Cyclic Ester Ring-Opening Polymerization. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Gesslbauer
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science and Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - George Hutchinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science and Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Jordi Burés
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science and Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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16
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Phosphasalalen Rare-Earth Complexes for the Polymerization of rac-Lactide and rac-β-Butyrolactone. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:705-717. [PMID: 33405906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of new phosphasalalen pro-ligands, analogues of salalen but with an iminophosphorane replacing the imine functionality, and their corresponding rare-earth alkoxide and siloxide complexes were synthesized. The multinuclear NMR spectra and X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that, for the tert-butoxide and ethoxide complexes, the resulting phosphasalalen rare-earth product was composed of a mononuclear alkoxide and a binuclear complex containing bridged alkoxo and hydroxo groups, while an analogous binuclear complex was isolated as the sole product for the siloxide complex. All the complexes could catalyze the heteroselective ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide (Pr up to 0.77) with high catalytic activities and a controlled polydispersity. Remarkably, the yttrium and lutetium phosphasalalen complexes could also efficiently catalyze the ROP of rac-β-butyrolactone to produce syndiotactic polymers (Pr up to 0.73) while their salalen analogues were inert, revealing the special effects of the iminophosphorane moiety. Detailed end-group analyses and kinetic investigations suggested that the alkoxo-hydroxo-bridged complexes maintained their binuclear structures in the polymerization.
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Liu N, Liu D, Liu B, Zhang H, Cui D. Stereoselective polymerization of rac-lactide catalyzed by zwitterionic calcium complexes. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Two zwitterionic calcium complexes L1CaN(SiMe3)2(THF) (1) and L2CaN(SiMe3)2 (2) via protolysis reaction were synthesized. At −75 °C, 1 gave a heterotactic sequence enriched polylactide, whilst 2 produced an isotactic sequence enriched polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rare and Scattered Elements
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Doudou Liu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Hohhot
- China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Changchun
- China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Hohhot
- China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Changchun
- China
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18
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Jung HJ, Cho Y, Kim D, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic aluminum, gallium, and indium complexes in catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01741h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of cationic charge allows cationic group 13 complexes to be excellent Lewis acid catalysts. Cationic aluminum, gallium, and indium complexes in catalysis are comprehensively reviewed based on the reaction type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Youngjung Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Diana Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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19
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Diaz C, Tomković T, Goonesinghe C, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. One-Pot Synthesis of Oxygenated Block Copolymers by Polymerization of Epoxides and Lactide Using Cationic Indium Complexes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Tanja Tomković
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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20
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Ghosh S, Glöckler E, Wölper C, Tjaberings A, Gröschel AH, Schulz S. Active Ga-catalysts for the ring opening homo- and copolymerization of cyclic esters, and copolymerization of epoxide and anhydrides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13475-13486. [PMID: 32966460 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02831b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of gallium complexes L12Ga4Me8 (1), L22Ga4Me8 (2), and L32Ga4Me8 (3) was synthesized by reaction of GaMe3 with Schiff base ligands L1-3H2 (L1H2 = 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)imino]methyl}phenol; L2H2 = 2,4-dichloro-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)imino]methyl}phenol; L3H2 = 4-tert-butyl-2-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)imino]methyl}phenol) and characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray analysis (1, 2), proving their tetranuclear structure in the solid state. Complexes 1-3 showed good catalytic activity in the ring opening homopolymerization (ROP) and ring opening copolymerization (ROcoP) of lactide (LA) and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in the presence of benzyl alcohol (BnOH) in toluene at 100 °C, yielding polymers with the expected average molecular weights (Mn) and narrow molecular weight distributions (MWD), as well as a high isoselectivity for the ROP of rac-lactide (rac-LA), yielding isotactic-enriched PLAs with Pm values up to 0.78. Kinetic studies with complex 1 proved the first order dependence on monomer concentration, while mechanistic studies confirmed the coordination insertion mechanistic (CIM) pathway. Sequential addition of monomers gave well defined diblock copolymers of PCL-b-PLLA and PLLA-b-PCL, proving the living character of the polymerization reactions. The catalysts also showed perfect selectivity for the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) with both succinic anhydride (SA) and maleic anhydride (MA) in the presence of BnOH and produced >99% alternating block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Ghosh
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Universitätsstr. 7, S07 S03 C30, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
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21
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Gazzotti S, Ortenzi MA, Farina H, Disimino M, Silvani A. Carvacrol- and Cardanol-Containing 1,3-Dioxolan-4-ones as Comonomers for the Synthesis of Functional Polylactide-Based Materials. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gazzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo”, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo”, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Hermes Farina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo”, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mariapina Disimino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo”, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Silvani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CRC Materiali Polimerici “LaMPo”, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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22
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Andrea KA, Beckett AR, Briand GG, Martell SA, Masuda J, Morrison KM, Yammine EM. Synthesis and structural characterization of methylindium imino/aminophenolates: Comparison to aluminum analogues and reactivity toward the coupling reactions of carbon dioxide with epoxides. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Jung HJ, Yu I, Nyamayaro K, Mehrkhodavandi P. Indium-Catalyzed Block Copolymerization of Lactide and Methyl Methacrylate by Sequential Addition. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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24
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Goonesinghe C, Roshandel H, Diaz C, Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Ezhova M, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic indium catalysts for ring opening polymerization: tuning reactivity with hemilabile ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6485-6491. [PMID: 34094114 PMCID: PMC8159295 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a comprehensive study of the effects of rationally designed hemilabile ligands on the stability, reactivity, and change in catalytic behavior of indium complexes. We report cationic alkyl indium complexes supported by a family of hemi-salen type ligands bearing hemilabile thiophenyl (2a), furfuryl (2b) and pyridyl (2c) pendant donor arms. Shelf-life and stability of these complexes followed the trend 2a < 2b < 2c, showing direct correlation to the affinity of the pendant donor group to the indium center. Reactivity towards polymerization of epichlorohydrin and cyclohexene oxide followed the trend 2a > 2b > 2c with control of polymerization following an inverse relationship to reactivity. Surprisingly, 2c polymerized racemic lactide without an external initiator, likely through an alkyl-initiated coordination-insertion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hootan Roshandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Maria Ezhova
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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25
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Soobrattee S, Zhai X, Nyamayaro K, Diaz C, Kelley P, Ebrahimi T, Mehrkhodavandi P. Dinucleating Amino-Phenolate Platform for Zinc Catalysts: Impact on Lactide Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5546-5557. [PMID: 32223228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report imine- and amine-based dinucleating ligands bearing a bisphenol backbone and explore their coordination chemistry with zinc to form zinc alkyl, alkoxide, acetate, and amide complexes. Full characterization of the complexes shows that this ligand framework can support dinuclear and trinuclear complexes. We explore the reactivity of the zinc alkyl and alkoxide complexes as catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of lactide and compared this reactivity to analogous mononuclear complexes. We show that 1) The amine-based complexes are more reactive than the imine-based analogues; 2) The trinuclear zinc alkyl species show unusual control and reproducibility for lactide polymerization; and 3) The extent of bimetallic cooperation is hampered by the ability of the ligand framework to form trinuclear clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Soobrattee
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xiaofang Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Paul Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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26
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Chen SC, Zhang FH, Huang KL, Tian F, Zhang ZH, Zhou R, Feng XJ, Zhou X, He MY, Gu J, Chen Q, Wu CD. The crucial roles of guest water in a biocompatible coordination network in the catalytic ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters: a new mechanistic perspective. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3345-3354. [PMID: 34122842 PMCID: PMC8157336 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06024c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters/carbonates is a crucial approach for the synthesis of biocompatible and biodegradable polyesters. Even though numerous efficient ROP catalysts have been well established, their toxicity heavily limits the biomedical applications of polyester products. To solve the toxicity issues relating to ROP catalysts, we report herein a biocompatible coordination network, CZU-1, consisting of Zn4(μ4-O)(COO)6 secondary building units (SBUs), biomedicine-relevant organic linkers and guest water, which demonstrates high potential for use in the catalytic ROP synthesis of biomedicine-applicable polyesters. Both experimental and computational results reveal that the guest water in CZU-1 plays crucial roles in the activation of the Zn4(μ4-O)(COO)6 SBUs by generating μ4-OH Brønsted acid centers and Zn-OH Lewis acid centers, having a synergistic effect on the catalytic ROP of cyclic esters. Different to the mechanism reported in the literature, we propose a new reaction pathway for the catalytic ROP reaction, which has been confirmed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, in situ diffuse reflectance IR Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS). Additionally, the hydroxyl end groups allow the polyester products to be easily post-modified with different functional moieties to tune their properties for practical applications. We particularly expect that the proposed catalytic ROP mechanism and the developed catalyst design principle will be generally applicable for the controlled synthesis of biomedicine-applicable polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Fei-Hang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Kun-Lin Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
| | - Feng Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Renxian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Xue-Jun Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yang He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Jiande Gu
- Drug Design & Discovery Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS Shanghai 201203 P. R. China
| | - Qun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Chuan-De Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
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27
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Bhattacharjee J, Harinath A, Sarkar A, Panda TK. Alkaline Earth Metal-Mediated Highly Iso-selective Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:860-866. [PMID: 32022475 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline earth (Ae) metal complexes of the aminophosphine borane ligand are highly active and iso-selective catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide (LA). The polymerization reactions are well controlled and produce polylactides with molecular weights that are precise and narrowly distributed. Kinetic studies reveal that the ROP of rac-LA catalyzed by all Ae metal complexes had a first-order dependency on LA concentration as well as catalyst concentration. A plausible reaction mechanism for Ae metal complex-mediated ROP of rac-LA is discussed, based on controlled kinetic experiments and molecular chain mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, 560 100, India
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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28
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He M, Cheng Y, Liang Y, Xia M, Leng X, Wang Y, Wei Z, Zhang W, Li Y. Amino acid complexes with tin as a new class of catalysts with high reactivity and low toxicity towards biocompatible aliphatic polyesters. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Yuntawattana N, Nakornkhet C, Nanok T, Upitak K, Hormnirun P. Dinuclear aluminum complexes bearing methylene-bridged phenoxy-imine ligands and their application in the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first report on the use of dinuclear aluminum complexes supported by methylene-bridged phenoxy-imine ligands for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Yuntawattana
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Chutikan Nakornkhet
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Tanin Nanok
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Kanokon Upitak
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
| | - Pimpa Hormnirun
- Laboratory of Catalysts and Advanced Polymer Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
- Bangkok 10900
- Thailand
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30
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Ghosh S, Wölper C, Tjaberings A, Gröschel AH, Schulz S. Syntheses, structures and catalytic activity of tetranuclear Mg complexes in the ROP of cyclic esters under industrially relevant conditions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:375-387. [PMID: 31829382 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tetranuclear magnesium imino(phenolate) complexes Mg4(L1–4)4 are excellent catalysts for the ROP of bulk rac-lactide and ε-caprolactone under industrially relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Ghosh
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- D-45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- D-45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Alexander Tjaberings
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum
- 47057 Duisburg
- Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum
- 47057 Duisburg
- Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- D-45141 Essen
- Germany
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31
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Yuntawattana N, McGuire TM, Durr CB, Buchard A, Williams CK. Indium phosphasalen catalysts showing high isoselectivity and activity in racemic lactide and lactone ring opening polymerizations. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01484b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Study of a series of phosphasalen indium alkoxide complexes reveals that the substitution pattern at the phosphorus atoms can deliver outstanding isoselectivity with high rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christopher B. Durr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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32
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Fang C, Ma H. Ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide, copolymerization of rac-lactide and ε-caprolactone by zinc complexes bearing pyridyl-based tridentate amino-phenolate ligands. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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33
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A series of aluminium complexes based on a β-diketiminate ligand: Synthesis, structures and their application to ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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34
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Li D, Gao B, Duan Q. Syntheses of biodegradable and biorenewable polylactides initiated by aluminum complexes bearing porphyrin derivatives by the ring-opening polymerization of lactides. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:846-860. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1605867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
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35
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Diaz C, Ebrahimi T, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic indium complexes for the copolymerization of functionalized epoxides with cyclic ethers and lactide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3347-3350. [PMID: 30815641 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08858f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the first example of discrete cationic indium complexes for the copolymerization of epoxides, cyclic ethers, and lactide. [SalenIn][SbF6] in particular proved to be a highly active catalyst for the homo-polymerization of functionalized epoxides and their copolymerization with other cyclic ethers THF, oxetane and oxepane. This catalyst also proved competent in the polymerization of epichlorohydrin and lactide, forming copolymers with good activity and control. Investigation of the role of counteranions and solvent donors on the kinetics of polymerization of epoxides revealed a subtle effect of solvents on initiation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Diaz
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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36
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Li X, Jia Z, Pan X, Wu J. Isoselective Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide Catalyzed by Sodium/potassium Tetradentate Aminobisphenolate Ion-paired Complexes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:662-669. [PMID: 30644176 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Two sodium/potassium tetradentate aminobisphenolate ion-paired complexes were synthesized and structurally characterized. These ion-paired complexes are efficient catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide (rac-LA) in the presence of 5 equivalents BnOH as an initiator and the side reaction of epimerization can be suppressed well at low temperatures. The polymerizations are controllable, affording polylactides with desirable molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions; the highest molecular weight can reach 50.1 kg mol-1 in this system, and a best isoselectivity of Pm =0.82 was achieved. Such polymerizations have rarely been reported for isoselective sodium/potassium complexes without crown ether as an auxiliary ligand. The solid structures suggest that BnOH can be activated by an interaction with the anion of sodium/potassium complex via a hydrogen bond and that the monomer is activated by coordination to sodium/potassium ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaowei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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37
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Kremer AB, Mehrkhodavandi P. Dinuclear catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of lactide. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Cui Y, Jiang J, Mao X, Wu J. Mononuclear Salen-Sodium Ion Pairs as Catalysts for Isoselective Polymerization of rac-Lactide. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:218-227. [PMID: 30543276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of mononuclear salen-sodium anions, as the first examples, were synthesized with tetra-alkyl ammonium as a counterpart cation. These complexes are efficient catalysts for the isoselective ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide; the molecular weights of polymers are under control and molecular weight distributions are narrow when five equivalents of BnOH is used as an initiator. The best isoselectivity value of Pm = 0.82 was achieved at -70 °C. The experimental results together with a density functional theory calculation show that a ligand-assisted activated monomer mechanism is more reasonable than an activated monomer mechanism for this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
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39
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Li D, Gao B, Duan Q. Synthesis of biodegradable and biorenewable polylactides initiated by aluminum complexes bearing m-xylylenediamine derivatives via the ring-opening polymerization of lactides. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01268k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum complexes derived from m-xylylenediamine were synthesized and investigated as initiators for l-lactide and rac-lactide polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- 7989 Weixing Road
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- 7989 Weixing Road
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Qian Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- 7989 Weixing Road
- Changchun 130022
- China
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40
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Zhang Z, Xia L, Zeng TY, Wu DC, Zhang WJ, Hong CY, You YZ. Hybrid copolymerization via mechanism interconversion between radical vinyl-addition and anion ring-opening polymerization. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00230h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a new hybrid copolymerization via an interconvertible living free radical and anion ring-opening polymerization mechanism, in which the copolymerization of cyclic monomers and vinyl-type monomers can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei
- Anhui
- China
| | - Lei Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei
- Anhui
- China
| | - Tian-You Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei
- Anhui
- China
| | - De-Cheng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Beijing
| | - Wen-Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei
- Anhui
- China
| | - Chun-Yan Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei
- Anhui
- China
| | - Ye-Zi You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei
- Anhui
- China
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41
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Pan Y, Li W, Wei NN, So YM, Lai X, Li Y, Jiang K, He G. Highly active rare-earth metal catalysts for heteroselective ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9079-9088. [PMID: 31017172 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00541b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rare-earth metal complexes usually exhibit high activities in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide, yet only a few scandium complexes have shown satisfactory activity. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of chiral anilido-oxazoline-supported scandium and yttrium complexes that exhibit high activity in the ROP of racemic lactide (rac-LA). Complexes La-f-Ln(CH2SiMe3)2THF (La-f = 2-(2,6-R2PhN)-phenyl-4-(S)-R'-oxazoline; for 1a-f: L = La-f, Ln = Sc; for 2a-d: L = La-d, Ln = Y) were synthesized via the convenient one-pot reaction of Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (Ln = Sc, Y) with the corresponding proligands. The crystal structures of 1a, 1d, 1e, and 1f were isostructural, adopting a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration. Sc complexes 1 showed outstanding activity in the ROP of rac-LA with heteroselectivity. TOFs of up to 720 h-1 and 2910 h-1 were obtained in THF at room temperature and toluene at 60 °C, respectively. To our knowledge, these are the highest activities reported for Sc systems. Y complexes 2 showed higher activity and heteroselectivity than the Sc complexes, with TOFs of up to 1176 h-1 in THF at room temperature. Compared with the ortho-substituent on the anilido moiety, the bulky substituent at the chiral center of the oxazoline ring had a greater effect on controlling the heteroselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
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42
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Harinath A, Bhattacharjee J, Sarkar A, Panda TK. Alkali metal complex-mediated ring-opening polymerization of rac-LA, ε-caprolactone, and δ-valerolactone. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01130g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic ring opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide, ε-caprolactone, and δ-valerolactone using alkali metal (Li, Na, K) complexes as competent catalysts are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi – 502 285
- Sangareddy
- India
| | - Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi – 502 285
- Sangareddy
- India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd
- Bangalore – 560 100
- India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi – 502 285
- Sangareddy
- India
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43
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Driscoll OJ, Leung CKC, Mahon MF, McKeown P, Jones MD. Iron(III) Salalen Complexes for the Polymerisation of Lactide. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J. Driscoll
- Department of Chemistry Claverton Down University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
| | | | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry Claverton Down University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
| | - Paul McKeown
- Department of Chemistry Claverton Down University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
| | - Matthew D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry Claverton Down University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
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44
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Chen Y, Dong S, Xu X, Liu X, Feng X. Bimetallic Rhodium(II)/Indium(III) Relay Catalysis for Tandem Insertion/Asymmetric Claisen Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16554-16558. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
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45
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Chen Y, Dong S, Xu X, Liu X, Feng X. Bimetallic Rhodium(II)/Indium(III) Relay Catalysis for Tandem Insertion/Asymmetric Claisen Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
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46
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Hu J, Kan C, Wang H, Ma H. Highly Active Chiral Oxazolinyl Aminophenolate Magnesium Initiators for Isoselective Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide: Dinuclearity Induced Enantiomorphic Site Control. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chao Kan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Haobing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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47
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Jung HJ, Chang C, Yu I, Aluthge DC, Ebrahimi T, Mehrkhodavandi P. Coupling of Epoxides and Lactones by Cationic Indium Catalysts To Form Functionalized Spiro-Orthoesters. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Chen Chang
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Dinesh C. Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
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48
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Thevenon A, Cyriac A, Myers D, White AJP, Durr CB, Williams CK. Indium Catalysts for Low-Pressure CO 2/Epoxide Ring-Opening Copolymerization: Evidence for a Mononuclear Mechanism? J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6893-6903. [PMID: 29782169 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The alternating copolymerization of CO2/epoxides is a useful means to incorporate high levels of carbon dioxide into polymers. The reaction is generally proposed to occur by bimetallic or bicomponent pathways. Here, the first indium catalysts are presented, which are proposed to operate by a distinct mononuclear pathway. The most active and selective catalysts are phosphasalen complexes, which feature ligands comprising two iminophosphoranes linked to sterically hindered ortho-phenolates. The catalysts are active at 1 bar pressure of carbon dioxide and are most effective without any cocatalyst. They show low-pressure activity (1 bar pressure) and yield polymer with high carbonate linkage selectivity (>99%) and isoselectivity ( Pm > 70%). Using these complexes, it is also possible to isolate and characterize key catalytic intermediates, including the propagating indium alkoxide and carbonate complexes that are rarely studied. The catalysts are mononuclear under polymerization conditions, and the key intermediates show different coordination geometries: the alkoxide complex is pentacoordinate, while the carbonate is hexacoordinate. Kinetic analyses reveal a first-order dependence on catalyst concentration and are zero-order in carbon dioxide pressure; these findings together with in situ spectroscopic studies underpin the mononuclear pathway. More generally, this research highlights the future opportunity for other homogeneous catalysts, featuring larger ionic radius metals and new ligands, to operate by mononuclear mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Thevenon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 13 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Anish Cyriac
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Myers
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher B Durr
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 13 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 13 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
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49
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Chen C, Jiang J, Mao X, Cong Y, Cui Y, Pan X, Wu J. Isoselective Polymerization of rac-Lactide Catalyzed by Ion-Paired Potassium Amidinate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:3158-3168. [PMID: 29494145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three potassium crown ether complexes supported with bulky amidinate ligands were synthesized for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide. The side polymerization reaction initiated directly by ligand anion was suppressed well in the presence of alcohol as our design, and the synthesis of linear polylactide with a molecular weight as high as 117.7 kg/mol was successful together with an isoselectivity value of Pm = 0.88 at -70 °C. In this system, lactide can be deprotonated by amidinate anion to give lactide enolate, which can initiate the ROP of lactide as a side reaction in the absence of alcohol; however, this side reaction can also be suppressed well in the presence of alcohol by a decrease in temperature. An interesting anti-Arrhenius-like behavior in the polymerization was discovered, which can be attributed to the fact that the active catalyst can be converted to a less active lactide enolate potassium complex at a high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Huanghuai University , Zhumadian 463000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , People's Republic of China
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50
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Harinath A, Bhattacharjee J, Sarkar A, Nayek HP, Panda TK. Ring Opening Polymerization and Copolymerization of Cyclic Esters Catalyzed by Group 2 Metal Complexes Supported by Functionalized P–N Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2503-2516. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance
Materials Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 560 100, India
| | - Hari Pada Nayek
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826 004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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