1
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Das A, Kumaran S, Ravi Sankar HS, Premkumar JR, Sundararaju B. A Dual Cobalt-Photoredox Catalytic Approach for Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indoles with Aryl Amides via C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406195. [PMID: 38896502 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we unveil a novel method for the asymmetric dearomatization of indoles under cobalt/photoredox catalysis. By strategically activating C-H bonds of amides and subsequent migratory insertion of π-bonds present in indole as reactive partner, we achieve syn-selective tetrahydro-5H-indolo[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5-one derivatives with excellent yields and enantiomeric excesses of up to >99 %. The developed method operates without a metal oxidant, relying solely on oxygen as the oxidant and employing an organic dye as a photocatalyst under irradiation. Control experiments and stoichiometric studies elucidate the reversible nature of the enantiodetermining C-H activation step, albeit not being rate-determining. This study not only expands the horizon of cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric C-H bond functionalization, but also showcases the potential synergy between cobalt and photoredox catalysis in enabling asymmetric synthesis of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Das
- Department of chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India-, 208 016
| | - Subramani Kumaran
- Department of chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India-, 208 016
| | | | - J Richard Premkumar
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli, 620017, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basker Sundararaju
- Department of chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India-, 208 016
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2
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Luo H, Wang J, Tian R, Duan Z. 2H-Phosphindole-Enabled Dearomatization and [4+2] Cycloaddition of (Hetero)Arenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301898. [PMID: 37501587 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The heavier main group multiple bonds offer an effective tool for small molecule activation. Transient 2H-phosphinidole working as a reactive phosphadiene system undergoes phospha-Diels-Alder reaction with a wide range of non-activated aromatic carbocycles and heterocycles, including naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyridine, and benzo-fused heterocycles, affording concise access to a range of polycyclic fused rings feature with phosphorus at the bridgehead. These results demonstrate that non-activated (hetero)arenes are capable of acting as 2π systems in [4+2] cycloaddition with highly reactive 2H-phosphindole complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Luo
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junjian Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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3
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Xue Q, Wang R, Zhang WY, Shen FF, Li Y, Sun Q, Li JH. Pd-Catalyzed Intermolecular Carbonylative Dearomatization of Arylamines with Propargylic Acetates for Synthesis of Bridged Polycyclic Lactams. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37267080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new palladium-catalyzed multicomponent dearomatization of arylamines with CO and propargylic acetates for the synthesis of bridged polycyclic lactams is described. This method allows double annulation at the ipso and para positions of the amino group to form four new bonds, three C-C bonds and one C-N bond. DFT calculations and experimental studies indicate that the efficient formation of the allenecarboxanilide intermediate is the key step to achieve the dearomative transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xue
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Wen-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Fang-Fang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutant Control and Resource Recycling, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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4
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Wang D, Liu X, Ajitha MJ, Liu Z, Hu Y, Huang KW. Stereospecific [3+2] Cycloaddition of Chiral Arylallenes with C,N-Cyclic Azomethine Imines. Org Lett 2023; 25:3249-3253. [PMID: 37114764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel α,β-regioselective [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of arylallene with C,N-cyclic azomethine imine is reported. The axial-to-central chirality transfer phenomenon has been disclosed with chiral allenes in the reaction. The wide substrate scope, including different functional groups and natural products, reveals the generality of the methodology. Both experiments and density functional theory calculations have been used to elucidate a plausible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Manjaly J Ajitha
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yongyi Hu
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Singapore 138634
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5
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Chiminelli M, Serafino A, Ruggeri D, Marchiò L, Bigi F, Maggi R, Malacria M, Maestri G. Visible-Light Promoted Intramolecular para-Cycloadditions on Simple Aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216817. [PMID: 36705630 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dearomative cycloadditions are a powerful tool to access a large chemical space exploiting simple and ubiquitous building blocks. The energetic burden due to the loss of aromaticity has however greatly limited their synthetic potential. We devised a general intramolecular method that overcomes these limitations thanks to the photosensitization of allenamides. The visible-light-promoted process gives complex [2.2.2]-(hetero)-bicyclooctadienes at room temperature, likely through the stabilization of transient (bi)radicals by naphthalene. The reaction tolerates several valuable functionalities, offering a convenient handle for a myriad of applications, including original isoindoles and metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Chiminelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Serafino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Ruggeri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy
| | - Franca Bigi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy.,IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Raimondo Maggi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy
| | - Max Malacria
- IPCM (UMR CNRS 8232), Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43 124, Parma, Italy
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6
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Lin Q, Zheng S, Chen L, Wu J, Li J, Liu P, Dong S, Liu X, Peng Q, Feng X. Catalytic Regio‐ and Enantioselective Protonation for the Synthesis of Chiral Allenes: Synergistic Effect of the Counterion and Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203650. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianchi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Sujuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Jin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Jinzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Peizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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7
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Wang J, Luo H, Wang X, Wei D, Tian R, Duan Z. Dearomatization [4+2] Cycloaddition of Nonactivated Benzene Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:4404-4408. [PMID: 35687509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dearomatization reactions have recently emerged as a powerful tool for the rapid buildup of molecular complexity. Here, an unparalleled thermal dearomatization [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between benzene derivatives and a 2H-phosphindole tungsten complex was reported. The unique reactivity of the in situ-generated 2H-phosphindole complex toward benzene was revealed by density functional theory calculations. We thus provide new insights into the dearomatization of nonactivated arenes and pave the way for the manipulation of the dearomatization for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Luo
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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8
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Simpson SR, Siano P, Siela DJ, Diment LA, Song BC, Westendorff KS, Ericson MN, Welch KD, Dickie DA, Harman WD. Phenyl Sulfones: A Route to a Diverse Family of Trisubstituted Cyclohexenes from Three Independent Nucleophilic Additions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9489-9499. [PMID: 35593716 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel process is described for the synthesis of di- and trisubstituted cyclohexenes from an arene. These compounds are prepared from three independent nucleophilic addition reactions to a phenyl sulfone (PhSO2R; R = Me, Ph, and NC4H8) dihapto-coordinated to the tungsten complex {WTp(NO)(PMe3)}(Tp = trispyrazolylborate). Such a coordination renders the dearomatized aryl ring susceptible to protonation at a carbon ortho to the sulfone group. The resulting arenium species readily reacts with the first nucleophile to form a dihapto-coordinated sulfonylated diene complex. This complex can again be protonated, and the subsequent nucleophilic addition forms a trisubstituted cyclohexene species bearing a sulfonyl group at an allylic position. Loss of the sulfinate anion forms a π-allyl species, to which a third nucleophile can be added. The trisubstituted cyclohexene can then be oxidatively decomplexed, either before or after substitution of the sulfonyl group. Nucleophiles employed include masked enolates, cyanide, amines, amides, and hydride, with all three additions occurring to the same face of the ring, anti to the metal. Of the 12 novel functionalized cyclohexenes prepared as examples of this methodology, nine compounds meet five independent criteria for evaluating drug likeliness. Structural assignments are supported with nine crystal structures, density functional theory studies, and full 2D NMR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spenser R Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Paolo Siano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Daniel J Siela
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Louis A Diment
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Brian C Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Karl S Westendorff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Megan N Ericson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Kevin D Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - W Dean Harman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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9
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Lin Q, Zheng S, Chen L, Wu J, Li J, Liu P, Dong S, Liu X, Peng Q, Feng X. Catalytic Regio‐ and Enantioselective Protonation for the Synthesis of Chiral Allenes: Synergistic Effect of the Counterion and Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianchi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Sujuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Jin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Jinzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Peizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shunxi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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10
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Prasad VK, Pei Z, Edelmann S, Otero-de-la-Roza A, DiLabio GA. BH9, a New Comprehensive Benchmark Data Set for Barrier Heights and Reaction Energies: Assessment of Density Functional Approximations and Basis Set Incompleteness Potentials. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 18:151-166. [PMID: 34911294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The calculation of accurate reaction energies and barrier heights is essential in computational studies of reaction mechanisms and thermochemistry. To assess methods regarding their ability to predict these two properties, high-quality benchmark sets are required that comprise a reasonably large and diverse set of organic reactions. Due to the time-consuming nature of both locating transition states and computing accurate reference energies for reactions involving large molecules, previous benchmark sets have been limited in scope, the number of reactions considered, and the size of the reactant and product molecules. Recent advances in coupled-cluster theory, in particular local correlation methods like DLPNO-CCSD(T), now allow the calculation of reaction energies and barrier heights for relatively large systems. In this work, we present a comprehensive and diverse benchmark set of barrier heights and reaction energies based on DLPNO-CCSD(T)/CBS called BH9. BH9 comprises 449 chemical reactions belonging to nine types common in organic chemistry and biochemistry. We examine the accuracy of DLPNO-CCSD(T) vis-a-vis canonical CCSD(T) for a subset of BH9 and conclude that, although there is a penalty in using the DLPNO approximation, the reference data are accurate enough to serve as a benchmark for density functional theory (DFT) methods. We then present two applications of the BH9 set. First, we examine the performance of several density functional approximations commonly used in thermochemical and mechanistic studies. Second, we assess our basis set incompleteness potentials regarding their ability to mitigate basis set incompleteness errors. The number of data points, the diversity of the reactions considered, and the relatively large size of the reactant molecules make BH9 the most comprehensive thermochemical benchmark set to date and a useful tool for the development and assessment of computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viki Kumar Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Zhipeng Pei
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Simon Edelmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Alberto Otero-de-la-Roza
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica and MALTA Consolider Team, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Gino A DiLabio
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
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11
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Li C, Qi ZC, Li JY, Yang SD. Heck Reaction Boosted Heterocycle Ring-Closing and Ring-Opening Rearrangement: A Strategy for the Synthesis of Indolyl-Type Ligands. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16977-16991. [PMID: 34792365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for P-involved heterocycle ring-closing-ring-opening rearrangement (HRR) via the Heck reaction is disclosed. The approach enables direct installation of a phosphorus-containing aryl group onto the C2 position of indole. This new rearrangement directly transforms easily prepared indole derivatives into indolyl-derived phosphonates and phosphinic acids with high yields, and many of the products are difficult to obtain by using established methods. This new HRR reaction provides an extremely simple and step-economic method to induce C-C bond formation and P-N bond cleavage for the synthesis of a variety of indolyl-type ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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12
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Abstract
Computational methods have emerged as a powerful tool to augment traditional experimental molecular catalyst design by providing useful predictions of catalyst performance and decreasing the time needed for catalyst screening. In this perspective, we discuss three approaches for computational molecular catalyst design: (i) the reaction mechanism-based approach that calculates all relevant elementary steps, finds the rate and selectivity determining steps, and ultimately makes predictions on catalyst performance based on kinetic analysis, (ii) the descriptor-based approach where physical/chemical considerations are used to find molecular properties as predictors of catalyst performance, and (iii) the data-driven approach where statistical analysis as well as machine learning (ML) methods are used to obtain relationships between available data/features and catalyst performance. Following an introduction to these approaches, we cover their strengths and weaknesses and highlight some recent key applications. Furthermore, we present an outlook on how the currently applied approaches may evolve in the near future by addressing how recent developments in building automated computational workflows and implementing advanced ML models hold promise for reducing human workload, eliminating human bias, and speeding up computational catalyst design at the same time. Finally, we provide our viewpoint on how some of the challenges associated with the up-and-coming approaches driven by automation and ML may be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Soyemi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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13
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Hari DP, Pisella G, Wodrich MD, Tsymbal AV, Tirani FF, Scopelliti R, Waser J. Low-Temperature Intramolecular [4+2] Cycloaddition of Allenes with Arenes for the Synthesis of Diene Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5475-5481. [PMID: 33216417 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition between arenes and allenes first reported by Himbert gives rapid access to rigid polycyclic scaffolds. Herein, we report a one-pot oxyalkynylation/cycloaddition reaction proceeding under mild conditions (23-90 °C) and providing complex polycyclic architectures with high efficiency, and atom and step economy. The bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene products were obtained with a wide variety of useful functional groups and were successfully applied as chiral ligands for metal catalysis. Computational studies gave a first rationalization of the low activation energy for the cycloaddition based on counter-intuitive favorable dispersive interactions in the transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasad Hari
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Present address: School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Guillaume Pisella
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Wodrich
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Artem V Tsymbal
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC-GE, BCH 2111, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC-GE, BCH 2111, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Hari DP, Pisella G, Wodrich MD, Tsymbal AV, Tirani FF, Scopelliti R, Waser J. Low‐Temperature Intramolecular [4+2] Cycloaddition of Allenes with Arenes for the Synthesis of Diene Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasad Hari
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Present address: School of Chemistry University of Bristol, Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Guillaume Pisella
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Artem V. Tsymbal
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC-GE, BCH 2111 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC-GE, BCH 2111 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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15
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Yokoe H, Mizumura Y, Sugiyama K, Yan K, Hashizume Y, Endo Y, Yoshida S, Kiriyama A, Tsubuki M, Kanoh N. Rapid Access to Dispirocyclic Scaffolds Enabled by Diastereoselective Intramolecular Double Functionalization of Benzene Rings. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:4271-4274. [PMID: 33029940 PMCID: PMC7756633 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the diastereoselective synthesis of (5r,8r)-1,9-diazadispiro[4.2.48 .25 ]tetradecatrienes via domino double spirocyclization of N-arylamide derivatives. This reaction can serve as a fast way to synthesize diazadispirocycles, which are found in the core structures of bioactive natural products. Product diversification via Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling and application to the synthesis of 1-oxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.48 .25 ]tetradecatrienes were also conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Yokoe
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuka Mizumura
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kana Sugiyama
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kejia Yan
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuna Hashizume
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuto Endo
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Sae Yoshida
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Akiko Kiriyama
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsubuki
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Kanoh
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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16
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Yu S, Vermeeren P, van Dommelen K, Bickelhaupt FM, Hamlin TA. Understanding the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Allenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:11529-11539. [PMID: 32220086 PMCID: PMC7540365 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have quantum chemically studied the reactivity, site-, and regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between methyl azide and various allenes, including the archetypal allene propadiene, heteroallenes, and cyclic allenes, by using density functional theory (DFT). The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactivity of linear (hetero)allenes decreases as the number of heteroatoms in the allene increases, and formation of the 1,5-adduct is, in all cases, favored over the 1,4-adduct. Both effects find their origin in the strength of the primary orbital interactions. The cycloaddition reactivity of cyclic allenes was also investigated, and the increased predistortion of allenes, that results upon cyclization, leads to systematically lower activation barriers not due to the expected variations in the strain energy, but instead from the differences in the interaction energy. The geometric predistortion of cyclic allenes enhances the reactivity compared to linear allenes through a unique mechanism that involves a smaller HOMO-LUMO gap, which manifests as more stabilizing orbital interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yu
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pascal Vermeeren
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kevin van Dommelen
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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17
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Huck CJ, Sarlah D. Shaping Molecular Landscapes: Recent Advances, Opportunities, and Challenges in Dearomatization. Chem 2020; 6:1589-1603. [PMID: 32715154 PMCID: PMC7380651 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Dearomatization is a fundamental chemical transformation, and it underlies some of the most efficient tactics for generating three-dimensional complexity from basic two-dimensional precursors. The dearomative toolbox, once restricted to only a handful of reactions, has begun to grow more sophisticated as novel methods are added, introducing more functionality under milder conditions and with more control over chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity than ever before. Over the past two decades, major developments in dearomative processes have bolstered significant total-synthesis endeavors and greatly expanded the scope and complexity of chemical building blocks accessible from feedstock arenes. In this Perspective, we highlight some of the recent advances and key challenges that remain in this vibrant area of organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Huck
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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18
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Merzoud L, Saal A, Morell C, Chermette H. Substituent Effect on the Himbert Intramolecular Arene/Allene Diels-Alder Reaction: NBO Analysis and State Specific Dual Descriptors. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10730-10738. [PMID: 31714777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b08773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conceptual density functional theory has been applied to study the Himbert intramolecular arene/allene Diels-Alder reaction. The effect of substitutions at different positions on the kinetics of these reactions has been analyzed. Therefore, from the calculation of the activation energies of more than 27 reactions involving concerted mechanisms, the selectivity of these reactions can be predicted and rationalized with the aid of conceptual DFT descriptors. An application of the two concepts, natural population analysis (NBO) and the state-specific dual descriptor (SSDD) for evaluating substituent effects, allows the investigation of the different interactions that promote a reaction compared to another. The SSDDs computed for the transition state structures provide important information about charge transfer interactions during the chemical reaction. In our case, the SSDD results show that the substituents promoting Himbert reaction have the lowest excitation energies, a fact which facilitates the allene/arene interaction. The NBO results show that according to the nature of the substituent, the Himbert reaction stands as a normal-electron demand or reverse. Thus, the interactions favoring each reaction are mentioned. The geometric deformation observed in the case of OCH3 is at the origin to the emergence of other low interactions between diene and dienophile as well as a strong electronic delocalization stabilizing the arene moiety. The calculated synchronicity indexes show that the Himbert intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions are very synchronous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Merzoud
- Département de Chimie , UMMTO University of Tizi-Ouzou , 15000 Tizi Ouzou , Algeria.,Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Université de Lyon , UMR CNRS 5280, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
| | - Amar Saal
- Département de Chimie , UMMTO University of Tizi-Ouzou , 15000 Tizi Ouzou , Algeria.,Laboratory of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry and Photonics , USTHB University , 16111 Algiers , Algeria
| | - Christophe Morell
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Université de Lyon , UMR CNRS 5280, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
| | - Henry Chermette
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Université de Lyon , UMR CNRS 5280, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
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19
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Liu X, Zhang J, Bai L, Wang L, Yang D, Wang R. Catalytic asymmetric multiple dearomatizations of phenols enabled by a cascade 1,8-addition and Diels-Alder reaction. Chem Sci 2019; 11:671-676. [PMID: 34123039 PMCID: PMC8146773 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05320d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A direct catalytic asymmetric multiple dearomatization reaction of phenols was disclosed, which provides expedient access to a series of architecturally complex polycyclic compounds bearing four stereogenic centers in high enantiopurity. The key to achieve such a transformation is the combination of a dearomative 1,8-addition of β-naphthols to para-quinone methides generated in situ from propargylic alcohols and a subsequent intramolecular dearomative Diels–Alder reaction. Noteworthily, this protocol enrichs not only the diversity of dearomatized products but also the toolbox of dearomatization strategies. The first chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric multiple dearomatizations of phenols for the synthesis of bridged polycyclic compounds are reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Drug Design & Synthesis, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Drug Design & Synthesis, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Lutao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Drug Design & Synthesis, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Drug Design & Synthesis, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Dongxu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Drug Design & Synthesis, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Drug Design & Synthesis, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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20
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Ma J, Strieth-Kalthoff F, Dalton T, Freitag M, Schwarz JL, Bergander K, Daniliuc C, Glorius F. Direct Dearomatization of Pyridines via an Energy-Transfer-Catalyzed Intramolecular [4+2] Cycloaddition. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Wales SM, Rivinoja DJ, Gardiner MG, Bird MJ, Meyer AG, Ryan JH, Hyland CJT. Benzoazepine-Fused Isoindolines via Intramolecular (3 + 2)-Cycloadditions of Azomethine Ylides with Dinitroarenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:4703-4708. [PMID: 31188010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aminobenzaldehydes bearing a pendant 3,5-dinitrophenyl group react thermally with N-substituted α-amino acids to form unprecedented benzoazepine-fused isoindolines. The reaction proceeds via a dearomatization/rearomatization sequence involving an intramolecular (3 + 2)-cycloaddition between the in situ formed azomethine ylide and the dinitroarene. Various glycine derivatives are tolerated as well as branched substrates based on cyclic, α-mono-, and α,α-disubstituted amino acids, giving single diastereomers in many cases. The method is scalable and gives products with a nitro group ready for further manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Wales
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 , Australia
| | - Daniel J Rivinoja
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 , Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Tasmania 7001 , Australia
| | - Melissa J Bird
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 , Australia
| | - Adam G Meyer
- CSIRO Biomedical Manufacturing , Ian Wark Laboratory , Bayview Avenue , Clayton , Victoria 3168 , Australia
| | - John H Ryan
- CSIRO Biomedical Manufacturing , Ian Wark Laboratory , Bayview Avenue , Clayton , Victoria 3168 , Australia
| | - Christopher J T Hyland
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 , Australia
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22
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Wertjes WC, Southgate EH, Sarlah D. Recent advances in chemical dearomatization of nonactivated arenes. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7996-8017. [PMID: 30073226 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00389k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dearomatization reactions provide a synthetic connection between readily available, simple aromatic starting materials and more saturated intermediates of greater molecular complexity and synthetic utility. The last decade has witnessed a steady increase in the development of dearomative methods, providing new synthetic approaches to high-value building blocks and natural products. This review highlights advances both in the area of dearomatization methodologies for the most chemically inert arenes and in synthetic applications of such strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Wertjes
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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23
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Tcyrulnikov S, Curto JM, Gilmartin PH, Kozlowski MC. Lewis Acid-Promoted Enantioselective Dearomative Spirocyclizations of Allenes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12207-12212. [PMID: 30141933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A chiral oxazaborolidine combined with SnCl4 has been found to promote the dearomative spirocyclization of electron-rich benzyl allenyl ketones. The reaction outcome is sensitive to the nature of activating acid, which was rationalized using hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) theory. The spirocyclic product was obtained with up to 72% ee, which is the best result reported to date for these substrates. The formation of cross-conjugated or conjugated products is readily controlled by changing the oxygen-protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Tcyrulnikov
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - John M Curto
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Philip H Gilmartin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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24
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Wang X, Li J, Yuan T, You B, Xie G, Lv X. Additive Tuned Selective Synthesis of Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1-ols and Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-1-ols Mediated by AllylSmBr. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8984-8994. [PMID: 29944369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The selective construction of bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1-ols and bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-1-ols was achieved by using an allylSmBr/additive(s) system. By employing HMPA as the only additive, the momoallylation/ketone-alkene coupling occurred preferably and afforded bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-1-ols in good yields with high diastereoselectivities. While the ester-alkene coupling predominated to generate bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-1-ols in moderate yields with excellent diastereoselectivities in the presence of a proton source, such as pyrrole as the coadditive with HMPA. The tunable reactivity of allylSmBr by additive(s) would make it a versatile reagent in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering , Dongguan University of Technology , Dongguan , 523808 , People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxin You
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guanqun Xie
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering , Dongguan University of Technology , Dongguan , 523808 , People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lv
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua 321004 , People's Republic of China
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25
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Mandal N, Datta A. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reaction: Evolution of Trappable Intermediates via Asynchronous Transition States. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11167-11177. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilangshu Mandal
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata - 700032, India
| | - Ayan Datta
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata - 700032, India
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26
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Barber JS, Styduhar ED, Pham HV, McMahon TC, Houk KN, Garg NK. Nitrone Cycloadditions of 1,2-Cyclohexadiene. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2512-5. [PMID: 26854652 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the first 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of 1,2-cyclohexadiene, a rarely exploited strained allene. 1,2-Cyclohexadiene is generated in situ under mild conditions and trapped with nitrones to give isoxazolidine products in synthetically useful yields. The reactions occur regioselectively and exhibit a notable endo preference, thus resulting in the controlled formation of two new bonds and two stereogenic centers. DFT calculations of stepwise and concerted reaction pathways are used to rationalize the observed selectivities. Moreover, the strategic manipulation of nitrone cycloadducts demonstrates the utility of this methodology for the assembly of compounds bearing multiple heterocyclic units. These studies showcase the exploitation of a traditionally avoided reactive intermediate in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyann S Barber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Evan D Styduhar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hung V Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Travis C McMahon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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27
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Kondoh A, Ishikawa S, Aoki T, Terada M. Synthesis of 2,3-allenylamides utilizing [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement and their application to gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization providing 2-aminofuran derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12513-12516. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06591k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic method for 2,3-allenylamides having an oxygen functionality at the 2-position was newly developed by utilizing the [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement under Brønsted base catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Kondoh
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Sho Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Takuma Aoki
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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28
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Cheng G, He X, Tian L, Chen J, Li C, Jia X, Li J. Ugi/Himbert Arene/Allene Diels–Alder Cycloaddition to Synthesize Strained Polycyclic Skeleton. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11100-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xiang He
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lumin Tian
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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29
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Kotha S, Ravikumar O. Design and synthesis of fused polycycles via Diels-Alder reaction and ring-rearrangement metathesis as key steps. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1259-64. [PMID: 26425184 PMCID: PMC4578369 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Atom efficient processes such as the Diels–Alder reaction (DA) and the ring-rearrangement metathesis (RRM) have been used to design new polycycles. In this regard, ruthenium alkylidene catalysts are effective in realizing the RRM of bis-norbornene derivatives prepared by DA reaction and Grignard addition. Here, fused polycycles are assembled which are difficult to produce by conventional synthetic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
| | - Ongolu Ravikumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
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Pham HV, Karns AS, Vanderwal CD, Houk KN. Computational and Experimental Investigations of the Formal Dyotropic Rearrangements of Himbert Arene/Allene Cycloadducts. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6956-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung V. Pham
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Alexander S. Karns
- 1102
Natural Sciences II, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Christopher D. Vanderwal
- 1102
Natural Sciences II, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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Park Y, Park KT, Kim JG, Chang S. Mechanistic studies on the Rh(III)-mediated amido transfer process leading to robust C-H amination with a new type of amidating reagent. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4534-42. [PMID: 25789561 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic investigations on the Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed direct C-H amination reaction led us to reveal the new utility of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one and its derivatives as highly efficient amino sources. Stepwise analysis on the C-N bond-forming process showed that competitive binding of rhodium metal center to amidating reagent or substrate is closely related to the reaction efficiency. In this line, 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones were observed to have a strong affinity to the cationic Rh(III) giving rise to dramatically improved amidation efficiency when compared to azides. Kinetics and computational studies suggested that the high amidating reactivity of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one can also be attributed to the low activation energy of an imido-insertion process in addition to the high coordination ability. While the characterization of a cationic Cp*Rh(III) complex bearing an amidating reagent was achieved, its facile conversion to an amido-inserted rhodacycle allowed for a clear picture on the C-H amidation process. The newly developed amidating reagent of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones was applicable to a broad range of substrates with high functional group tolerance, releasing carbon dioxide as a single byproduct. Additional attractive features of this amino source, such as they are more convenient to prepare, store, and use when compared to the corresponding azides, take a step closer toward an ideal C-H amination protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Park
- †Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,‡Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae Park
- †Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,‡Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Gon Kim
- †Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,‡Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- †Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,‡Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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33
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Scope and limitations of the synthesis of functionalized quinolizidinones and related compounds by a simple precursor approach via addition of lithium allylmagnesates to 2-pyridones and RCM as key steps. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Tsang ASK, Sanhueza IA, Schoenebeck F. Combining Experimental and Computational Studies to Understand and Predict Reactivities of Relevance to Homogeneous Catalysis. Chemistry 2014; 20:16432-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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Pham HV, Houk KN. Diels-Alder reactions of allene with benzene and butadiene: concerted, stepwise, and ambimodal transition states. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8968-76. [PMID: 25216056 PMCID: PMC4184448 DOI: 10.1021/jo502041f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Multiconfigurational
complete active space methods (CASSCF and
CASPT2) have been used to investigate the (4 + 2) cycloadditions of
allene with butadiene and with benzene. Both concerted and stepwise
radical pathways were examined to determine the mechanism of the Diels–Alder
reactions with an allene dienophile. Reaction with butadiene occurs
via a single ambimodal transition state that can lead to either the
concerted or stepwise trajectories along the potential energy surface,
while reaction with benzene involves two separate transition states
and favors the concerted mechanism relative to the stepwise mechanism
via a diradical intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung V Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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36
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Liu S, Lei Y, Qi X, Lan Y. Reactivity for the Diels–Alder Reaction of Cumulenes: A Distortion-Interaction Analysis along the Reaction Pathway. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2638-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jp411914u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department
of Emergency, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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37
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Soriano E, Fernández I. Allenes and computational chemistry: from bonding situations to reaction mechanisms. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:3041-105. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60457h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Nguyen QNN, Tantillo DJ. The Many Roles of Quantum Chemical Predictions in Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Chem Asian J 2013; 9:674-80. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Lam JK, Pham HV, Houk KN, Vanderwal CD. Computation and experiment reveal that the ring-rearrangement metathesis of Himbert cycloadducts can be subject to kinetic or thermodynamic control. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17585-94. [PMID: 24111571 DOI: 10.1021/ja409618p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unusual observations in the ring-rearrangement metathesis of Himbert arene/allene cycloadducts to form fused polycylic lactams led to a more in-depth experimental study that yielded conflicting results. Differences in reactivity within related systems and unexpected changes in diastereoselectivity among other similar substrates were not readily explained on the basis of the experimental results. Computational investigations demonstrated substrate-dependent changes in reaction pathways (ring-opening metathesis/ring-closing metathesis [ROM/RCM] cascade vs ring-closing metathesis/ring-opening metathesis [RCM/ROM] cascade). Furthermore, some reactions were judged to be under thermodynamic control and others under kinetic control. The greater understanding of the most likely reaction pathways and their energetics provides a reasonable explanation for the previously irreconcilable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Lam
- 1102 Natural Sciences II, Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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Campolo D, Gastaldi S, Roussel C, Bertrand MP, Nechab M. Axial-to-central chirality transfer in cyclization processes. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8434-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60182j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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