1
|
Chen Y, Yang C, Zhu Z, Sun W. Suppressing high-dimensional crystallographic defects for ultra-scaled DNA arrays. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2707. [PMID: 35577805 PMCID: PMC9110747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While DNA-directed nano-fabrication enables the high-resolution patterning for conventional electronic materials and devices, the intrinsic self-assembly defects of DNA structures present challenges for further scaling into sub-1 nm technology nodes. The high-dimensional crystallographic defects, including line dislocations and grain boundaries, typically lead to the pattern defects of the DNA lattices. Using periodic line arrays as model systems, we discover that the sequence periodicity mainly determines the formation of line defects, and the defect rate reaches 74% at 8.2-nm line pitch. To suppress high-dimensional defects rate, we develop an effective approach by assigning the orthogonal sequence sets into neighboring unit cells, reducing line defect rate by two orders of magnitude at 7.5-nm line pitch. We further demonstrate densely aligned metal nano-line arrays by depositing metal layers onto the assembled DNA templates. The ultra-scaled critical pitches in the defect-free DNA arrays may further promote the dimension-dependent properties of DNA-templated materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang C, Lu B, Zhang W, Ohayon YP, Feng F, Li S, Seeman NC, Xiao SJ. Regulation of 2D DNA Nanostructures by the Coupling of Intrinsic Tile Curvature and Arm Twist. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6759-6769. [PMID: 35385657 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The overwinding and underwinding of DNA duplexes between junctions have been used in designing left- and right-handed DNA origami nanostructures, respectively. For DNA tubes obtained from self-assembled tiles, only a theoretical approach of the intrinsic curvature of the tiles has been previously used to explain their formation. Details regarding the quantitative and structural descriptions of the tile's intrinsic curvature in DNA nanostructures have so far never been addressed. In this work, we designed three types of tile cores built around a circular scaffold using three- and four-branched junctions. Joining the tile cores with arms having two kinds of inter-tile distances, an odd and an even number of DNA half-turns, tended to form planar 2D lattices and tubes, respectively. Streptavidin bound to biotin was used as a labeling technique to characterize the inside and outside surfaces of the tubes and thereby the tile conformation of dihedrals with addressable faces. DNA tubes with either right- or left-handed chirality were obtained by the coupling of the intrinsic curvature of the tiles with the arm twist. We were able to assign the chiral indices (n,m) to a tube with its structure resolved by AFM at the single-tile level and therefore to estimate the global curvature of the tube (or its component tile) using a regular polygon model that approximated its transverse section. A deeper understanding of the integrated actions of different types of twisting forces on DNA tubes will be extremely helpful in engineering more elaborate DNA nanostructures in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Biao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yoel P Ohayon
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Feiyang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Nadrian C Seeman
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Shou-Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cazenille L, Baccouche A, Aubert-Kato N. Automated exploration of DNA-based structure self-assembly networks. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210848. [PMID: 34754499 PMCID: PMC8493194 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Finding DNA sequences capable of folding into specific nanostructures is a hard problem, as it involves very large search spaces and complex nonlinear dynamics. Typical methods to solve it aim to reduce the search space by minimizing unwanted interactions through restrictions on the design (e.g. staples in DNA origami or voxel-based designs in DNA Bricks). Here, we present a novel methodology that aims to reduce this search space by identifying the relevant properties of a given assembly system to the emergence of various families of structures (e.g. simple structures, polymers, branched structures). For a given set of DNA strands, our approach automatically finds chemical reaction networks (CRNs) that generate sets of structures exhibiting ranges of specific user-specified properties, such as length and type of structures or their frequency of occurrence. For each set, we enumerate the possible DNA structures that can be generated through domain-level interactions, identify the most prevalent structures, find the best-performing sequence sets to the emergence of target structures, and assess CRNs' robustness to the removal of reaction pathways. Our results suggest a connection between the characteristics of DNA strands and the distribution of generated structure families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Cazenille
- Department of Information Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - N. Aubert-Kato
- Department of Information Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DNA dynamics and computation based on toehold-free strand displacement. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4994. [PMID: 34404799 PMCID: PMC8371076 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a simple and effective scheme of a dynamic switch for DNA nanostructures. Under such a framework of toehold-free strand displacement, blocking strands at an excess amount are applied to displace the complementation of specific segments of paired duplexes. The functional mechanism of the scheme is illustrated by modelling the base pairing kinetics of competing strands on a target strand. Simulation reveals the unique properties of toehold-free strand displacement in equilibrium control, which can be leveraged for information processing. Based on the controllable dynamics in the binding of preformed DNA nanostructures, a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) Boolean function is controlled by the presence of the blockers. In conclusion, we implement two MIMO Boolean functions (one with 4-bit input and 2-bit output, and the other with 16-bit input and 8-bit output) to showcase the controllable dynamics. Synthetic DNA constructs can to used to recognise and respond to input signals. Here the authors present complex DNA nanostructures with toehold-free strand displacement for generation of ON/OFF switches and Boolean gates.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu JT, Liu R, Chen YR, Zheng XQ, Wu ZS. The hierarchical assembly of a multi-level DNA ring-based nanostructure in a precise order and its application for screening tumor cells. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2262-2270. [PMID: 33533777 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology can be used to precisely construct nanostructures of different shapes, sizes and surface chemistry, which is appreciated in a variety of areas such as biomaterials, nanodevices, disease diagnosis, imaging, and drug delivery. Enzymatic degradation resistance and cell-targeting capability are indispensable for the applications of DNA nanostructures in biological and biomedical fields, and is challenging to rationally design the desirable nanoscale DNA materials suitable for the clinical translation by the existing assembly methodologies. Herein, we present a simple and efficient method for the hierarchical assembly of a three-level DNA ring-based nanostructure (DNA h-Nanoring) in a precise order, where DNA compositions at the primary level, the second level and the third level are a single DNA ring, two-ring-hybridized duplex and uniform complex macro-cycle, respectively. Most as-assembled DNA h-Nanorings exhibit the regular two-dimensional cycle-shaped structure characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The Nanoring exhibits a significantly enhanced resistance to enzymatic attack, such that it can remain intact in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 h, and even stably exist in the presence of nuclease at a high concentration. More importantly, it is very easy to modify the DNA h-Nanoring with functional moieties (e.g., targeting ligand aptamer) because there are many single-stranded fragments available for further hybridization. By combining with receptor-targeted Sgc8, the nanoring can be used to accomplish the cell imaging and criminate target CEM cells from control cells, demonstrating a potential platform for in vivo tumor imaging and targeted chemotherapeutics delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Wu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Ge W, Lu B, Zhu JJ, Xiao SJ. Two-layer stacked multi-arm junction tiles and nanostructures assembled with small circular DNA molecules serving as scaffolds. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19597-19603. [PMID: 32996986 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05860b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One-layer multi-arm junction (mAJ) motifs have been investigated extensively for many kinds of planar 2D (two-dimension) lattices, surface-curved 3D (three-dimension) polyhedra, and complex 3D wireframe and tensegrity structures. Herein, we report the weaving strategy to achieve two-layer stacked multi-arm junction tiles (abbreviated as mAJ2) of 3AJ2 and 4AJ2, and several primary tessellation nanostructures of nanocages and 2D rhombus lattices carrying beautifully embossed 4-point stars. Challenges for perfect tessellation are also raised regarding the increase of motif complexity from 2D to 3D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Berengut JF, Berengut JC, Doye JPK, Prešern D, Kawamoto A, Ruan J, Wainwright MJ, Lee LK. Design and synthesis of pleated DNA origami nanotubes with adjustable diameters. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:11963-11975. [PMID: 31728524 PMCID: PMC7145641 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA origami allows for the synthesis of nanoscale structures and machines with nanometre precision and high yields. Tubular DNA origami nanostructures are particularly useful because their geometry facilitates a variety of applications including nanoparticle encapsulation, the construction of artificial membrane pores and as structural scaffolds that can uniquely spatially arrange nanoparticles in circular, linear and helical arrays. Here we report a system of parametrization for the design of radially symmetric DNA origami nanotubes with adjustable diameter, length, crossover density, pleat angle and chirality. The system is implemented into a computational algorithm that provides a practical means to navigate the complex geometry of DNA origami nanotube design. We apply this in the design, synthesis and characterization of novel DNA origami nanotubes. These include structures with pleated walls where the same number of duplexes can form nanotubes with different diameters, and to vary the diameter within the same structure. We also construct nanotubes that can be reconfigured into different chiral shapes. Finally, we explore the effect of strain on the local and global geometry of DNA origami nanotubes and demonstrate how pleated walls can provide a strategy to rigidify nanotubes and to construct closely packed parallel duplexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F Berengut
- EMBL Australia Node for Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.,Structural and Computational Biology Division, The Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan P K Doye
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Domen Prešern
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Akihiro Kawamoto
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Kansai, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Juanfang Ruan
- Electron Microscopy Unit, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Madeleine J Wainwright
- EMBL Australia Node for Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lawrence K Lee
- EMBL Australia Node for Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.,Structural and Computational Biology Division, The Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Extended DNA nanostructures have already been constructed in a repetitive arrangement from millions of building blocks, many more than currently feasible with even the gold standard of addressable self-assembled structures. In order to construct addressable DNA nanostructures with more building blocks, it is desirable to arrange the addressable components repetitively. Accordingly, the overall size of the structure can be multiplied by the level of repetition in the addressable strands. In this study, we present a nanotube system that combines two seemingly conflicting features: addressability and repetitiveness. Based on an understanding of the tubulation resulting from the intrinsic curvature of the components, we produce DNA nanotubes with addressability available along the axial direction of the self-assembled tubes, which are also programmably repetitive along the lateral direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanxi Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Bryan Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang D, Huang K, Wang P, Mi Y, Wei B. DNA nanostructures from double-C-shaped motifs with controllable twist and curvature. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:14569-14572. [PMID: 31348481 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03861b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate twist and curvature engineering in DNA nanostructures from the scaffold-free approach. The DNA 'LEGO' bricks adopted in this study are double-C-shaped motifs, and extended nanostructures are constructed to visualize the structural details of twist or curvature. By systematically deleting and inserting base pairs at certain domains of the component motifs, we are able to study various levels of the twist and curvature of the resulting nanostructures comprehensively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Yang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Complex wireframe DNA nanostructures from simple building blocks. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1067. [PMID: 30842408 PMCID: PMC6403373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA nanostructures with increasing complexity have showcased the power of programmable self-assembly from DNA strands. At the nascent stage of the field, a variety of small branched objects consisting of a few DNA strands were created. Since then, a quantum leap of complexity has been achieved by a scaffolded 'origami' approach and a scaffold-free approach using single-stranded tiles/bricks-creating fully addressable two-dimensional and three-dimensional DNA nanostructures designed on densely packed lattices. Recently, wireframe architectures have been applied to the DNA origami method to construct complex structures. Here, revisiting the original wireframe framework entirely made of short synthetic strands, we demonstrate a design paradigm that circumvents the sophisticated routing and size limitations intrinsic to the scaffold strand in DNA origami. Under this highly versatile self-assembly framework, we produce a myriad of wireframe structures, including 2D arrays, tubes, polyhedra, and multi-layer 3D arrays.
Collapse
|
11
|
Matthies M, Agarwal NP, Poppleton E, Joshi FM, Šulc P, Schmidt TL. Triangulated Wireframe Structures Assembled Using Single-Stranded DNA Tiles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1839-1848. [PMID: 30624898 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The field of structural DNA nanotechnology offers a wide range of design strategies with which to build structures with a desired aspect ratio, size, and shape. Compared with traditional close-packed DNA structures, triangulated wireframe structures require less material per surface or volume unit and improve the stability in biologically relevant conditions due to the reduced electrostatic repulsion. Herein, we expand the design space of the DNA single-stranded tile method to cover a range of anisotropic, finite, triangulated wireframe structures as well as a number of one-dimensional crystalline assemblies. These structures are composed of six-arm junctions with a single double helix as connecting edges that assemble in physiologically relevant salinities. For a reliable folding of the structures, single-stranded spacers 2-4 nucleotides long have to be introduced in the junction connecting neighboring arms. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations using the oxDNA model suggests that the spacers prevent the stacking of DNA helices, thereby facilitating the assembly of planar geometries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erik Poppleton
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , 1001 South McAllister Avenue , Tempe , Arizona 85281 , United States
| | | | - Petr Šulc
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute , Arizona State University , 1001 South McAllister Avenue , Tempe , Arizona 85281 , United States
- School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State University , Physical Sciences Building, Room D-102 , PO Box 871604, Tempe , Arizona 85287-1604 , United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin T, Yan J, Ong LL, Robaszewski J, Lu HD, Mi Y, Yin P, Wei B. Hierarchical Assembly of DNA Nanostructures Based on Four-Way Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:4791-4795. [PMID: 29989824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of its attractive cost and yield, hierarchical assembly, in which constituent structures of lower hierarchy share a majority of components, is an appealing approach to scale up DNA self-assembly. A few strategies have already been investigated to combine preformed DNA nanostructures. In this study, we present a new hierarchical assembly method based on four-way toehold-mediated strand displacement to facilitate the combination of preformed DNA structural units. Employing such a method, we have constructed a series of higher-order structures composed of 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 preformed units respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Luvena L Ong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering , Harvard University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Division of Health Sciences and Technology , MIT , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Joanna Robaszewski
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering , Harvard University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Hoang D Lu
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering , Harvard University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Yongli Mi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering , Harvard University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Systems Biology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Bryan Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fonseca P, Romano F, Schreck JS, Ouldridge TE, Doye JPK, Louis AA. Multi-scale coarse-graining for the study of assembly pathways in DNA-brick self-assembly. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:134910. [PMID: 29626893 DOI: 10.1063/1.5019344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by recent successes using single-stranded DNA tiles to produce complex structures, we develop a two-step coarse-graining approach that uses detailed thermodynamic calculations with oxDNA, a nucleotide-based model of DNA, to parametrize a coarser kinetic model that can reach the time and length scales needed to study the assembly mechanisms of these structures. We test the model by performing a detailed study of the assembly pathways for a two-dimensional target structure made up of 334 unique strands each of which are 42 nucleotides long. Without adjustable parameters, the model reproduces a critical temperature for the formation of the assembly that is close to the temperature at which assembly first occurs in experiments. Furthermore, the model allows us to investigate in detail the nucleation barriers and the distribution of critical nucleus shapes for the assembly of a single target structure. The assembly intermediates are compact and highly connected (although not maximally so), and classical nucleation theory provides a good fit to the height and shape of the nucleation barrier at temperatures close to where assembly first occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Fonseca
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - Flavio Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - John S Schreck
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120th St., New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Thomas E Ouldridge
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P K Doye
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ard A Louis
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nummelin S, Kommeri J, Kostiainen MA, Linko V. Evolution of Structural DNA Nanotechnology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1703721. [PMID: 29363798 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The research field entitled structural DNA nanotechnology emerged in the beginning of the 1980s as the first immobile synthetic nucleic acid junctions were postulated and demonstrated. Since then, the field has taken huge leaps toward advanced applications, especially during the past decade. This Progress Report summarizes how the controllable, custom, and accurate nanostructures have recently evolved together with powerful design and simulation software. Simultaneously they have provided a significant expansion of the shape space of the nanostructures. Today, researchers can select the most suitable fabrication methods, and design paradigms and software from a variety of options when creating unique DNA nanoobjects and shapes for a plethora of implementations in materials science, optics, plasmonics, molecular patterning, and nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Nummelin
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Juhana Kommeri
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Mauri A Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Veikko Linko
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang D, Tan Z, Mi Y, Wei B. DNA nanostructures constructed with multi-stranded motifs. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:3606-3611. [PMID: 28334880 PMCID: PMC5389474 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies in DNA self-assembly have foretold the feasibility of building addressable nanostructures with multi-stranded motifs, which is fully validated in this study. In realizing this feasibility in DNA nanotechnology, a diversified set of motifs of modified domain lengths is extended from a classic type. The length of sticky ends can be adjusted to form different dihedral angles between the matching motifs, which corresponds to different connecting patterns. Moreover, the length of rigidity core can also be tuned to result in different dihedral angles between the component helices of a certain motif therefore different numbers of component helices. The extended set of motifs is used for self-assembly of complex one dimensional, two dimensional and three dimensional structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Yang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenyu Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongli Mi
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Bryan Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hong F, Zhang F, Liu Y, Yan H. DNA Origami: Scaffolds for Creating Higher Order Structures. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12584-12640. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 645] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Hong
- The Biodesign Institute and
School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Fei Zhang
- The Biodesign Institute and
School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- The Biodesign Institute and
School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Hao Yan
- The Biodesign Institute and
School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
DNA Origami Reorganizes upon Interaction with Graphite: Implications for High-Resolution DNA Directed Protein Patterning. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6110196. [PMID: 28335324 PMCID: PMC5245763 DOI: 10.3390/nano6110196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although there is a long history of the study of the interaction of DNA with carbon surfaces, limited information exists regarding the interaction of complex DNA-based nanostructures with the important material graphite, which is closely related to graphene. In view of the capacity of DNA to direct the assembly of proteins and optical and electronic nanoparticles, the potential for combining DNA-based materials with graphite, which is an ultra-flat, conductive carbon substrate, requires evaluation. A series of imaging studies utilizing Atomic Force Microscopy has been applied in order to provide a unified picture of this important interaction of structured DNA and graphite. For the test structure examined, we observe a rapid destabilization of the complex DNA origami structure, consistent with a strong interaction of single-stranded DNA with the carbon surface. This destabilizing interaction can be obscured by an intentional or unintentional primary intervening layer of single-stranded DNA. Because the interaction of origami with graphite is not completely dissociative, and because the frustrated, expanded structure is relatively stable over time in solution, it is demonstrated that organized structures of pairs of the model protein streptavidin can be produced on carbon surfaces using DNA origami as the directing material.
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang W, Lin T, Zhang S, Bai T, Mi Y, Wei B. Self-assembly of fully addressable DNA nanostructures from double crossover tiles. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:7989-96. [PMID: 27484479 PMCID: PMC5027514 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA origami and single-stranded tile (SST) are two proven approaches to self-assemble finite-size complex DNA nanostructures. The construction elements appeared in structures from these two methods can also be found in multi-stranded DNA tiles such as double crossover tiles. Here we report the design and observation of four types of finite-size lattices with four different double crossover tiles, respectively, which, we believe, in terms of both complexity and robustness, will be rival to DNA origami and SST structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Depatment of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Suoyu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tanxi Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongli Mi
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong Depatment of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Bryan Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jacobs WM, Frenkel D. Self-Assembly of Structures with Addressable Complexity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2457-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William M. Jacobs
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford
Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dhakal S, Adendorff MR, Liu M, Yan H, Bathe M, Walter NG. Rational design of DNA-actuated enzyme nanoreactors guided by single molecule analysis. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:3125-3137. [PMID: 26788713 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07263h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The control of enzymatic reactions using nanoscale DNA devices offers a powerful application of DNA nanotechnology uniquely derived from actuation. However, previous characterization of enzymatic reaction rates using bulk biochemical assays reported suboptimal function of DNA devices such as tweezers. To gain mechanistic insight into this deficiency and to identify design rules to improve their function, here we exploit the synergy of single molecule imaging and computational modeling to characterize the three-dimensional structures and catalytic functions of DNA tweezer-actuated nanoreactors. Our analysis revealed two important deficiencies--incomplete closure upon actuation and conformational heterogeneity. Upon rational redesign of the Holliday junctions located at their hinge and arms, we found that the DNA tweezers could be more completely and uniformly closed. A novel single molecule enzyme assay was developed to demonstrate that our design improvements yield significant, independent enhancements in the fraction of active enzyme nanoreactors and their individual substrate turnover frequencies. The sequence-level design strategies explored here may aid more broadly in improving the performance of DNA-based nanodevices including biological and chemical sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soma Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry, Single Molecule Analysis Group, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Matthew R Adendorff
- Department of Biological Engineering, Laboratory for Computational Biology & Biophysics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Minghui Liu
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Mark Bathe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Laboratory for Computational Biology & Biophysics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Nils G Walter
- Department of Chemistry, Single Molecule Analysis Group, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Reinhardt A, Ho CP, Frenkel D. Effects of co-ordination number on the nucleation behaviour in many-component self-assembly. Faraday Discuss 2016; 186:215-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00135h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report canonical and grand-canonical lattice Monte Carlo simulations of the self-assembly of addressable structures comprising hundreds of distinct component types. The nucleation behaviour, in the form of free-energy barriers to nucleation, changes significantly as the co-ordination number of the building blocks is changed from 4 to 8 to 12. Unlike tetrahedral structures – which roughly correspond to DNA bricks that have been studied in experiments – the shapes of the free-energy barriers of higher co-ordination structures depend strongly on the supersaturation, and such structures require a very significant driving force for structure growth before nucleation becomes thermally accessible. Although growth at high supersaturation results in more defects during self-assembly, we show that high co-ordination number structures can still be assembled successfully in computer simulations and that they exhibit self-assembly behaviour analogous to DNA bricks. In particular, the self-assembly remains modular, enabling in principle a wide variety of nanostructures to be assembled, with a greater spatial resolution than is possible in low co-ordination structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chon Pan Ho
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jacobs WM, Frenkel D. Self-assembly protocol design for periodic multicomponent structures. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8930-8938. [PMID: 26404794 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01841b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Assembling molecular superstructures with many distinct components will allow unprecedented control over morphology at the nanoscale. Recently, this approach has been used to assemble periodic structures with precisely defined features, such as repeating arrays of pores and channels, using a large number of building blocks. Here we propose a predictive tool that allows us to optimize the nucleation and growth of unbounded, ordered structures. In what follows, we call these structures 'crystals', even though they may only be periodic in one or two dimensions. We find that the nucleation barriers and growth pathways for crystals consisting of many components exhibit generic features that are very different from those of simple crystals. To illustrate the very non-classical nature of the nucleation and growth of such structures, we study the formation of one and two-dimensional crystals with multicomponent unit cells. We find that, whilst the boundaries in the non-periodic dimensions significantly affect the stabilities of these crystals, the nucleation barriers are largely determined by the local connectivity of the associated bulk crystal and are independent of the number of distinct components in the unit cell. We predict that the self-assembly of crystals with complex morphologies can be made to follow specific pathways toward the target structure that successively incorporate key features of the three-dimensional target structure. In contrast with simple crystals, it is possible to tune the kinetics of nucleation and growth separately, thus minimizing defect formation. We show how control over self-assembly pathways can be used to optimize the kinetics of formation of extended structures with arbitrary nanoscale patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William M Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shi X, Chen C, Li X, Song T, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Size-controllable DNA nanoribbons assembled from three types of reusable brick single-strand DNA tiles. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8484-8492. [PMID: 26367111 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00796h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of nanostructure is a significant goal shared by supramolecular chemistry, nanotechnology and materials science. In DNA nanotechnology, methods of constructing desired DNA nanostructures using programmable DNA strands have been studied extensively and have become a promising branch of research, but developing universal and low-cost (in the sense of using fewer types of DNA strands) methods remains a challenge. In this work, we propose a novel approach to assemble size-controllable DNA nanoribbons with three types of reusable brick SSTs (single-stranded DNA tiles), where the control of ribbon size is achieved by regulating the concentration ratio between manipulative strands and packed single-stranded DNA tiles. In our method, three types of brick SSTs are sufficient in assembling DNA nanoribbons of different sizes, which is much less than the number of types of unique tile-programmable assembling strategy, thus achieving a universal and low-cost method. The assembled DNA nanoribbons are observed and analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Experimental observations strongly suggest the feasibility and reliability of our method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Congzhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Tao Song
- College of Computer & Communication Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Henan Key Lab of Information-Based Electrical Appliances, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Scheible MB, Ong LL, Woehrstein JB, Jungmann R, Yin P, Simmel FC. A Compact DNA Cube with Side Length 10 nm. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5200-5. [PMID: 26294348 PMCID: PMC4707664 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A small and compact DNA cube with zeptoliter volume is constructed by means of a generalized DNA brick concept using short synthetic oligonucleotides with varying lengths. By mimicking design principles from the DNA origami technique, the DNA cube offers higher stability and assembly yields compared to other approaches. Its potential application as nanoscale fluorescent probe is demonstrated using super-resolution imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max B. Scheible
- Physics Department and ZNN/WSI, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Luvena L. Ong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Johannes B. Woehrstein
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry and LMU, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ralf Jungmann
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry and LMU, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Friedrich C. Simmel
- Physics Department and ZNN/WSI, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rational design of self-assembly pathways for complex multicomponent structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:6313-8. [PMID: 25941388 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502210112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of complex self-assembly is moving toward the design of multiparticle structures consisting of thousands of distinct building blocks. To exploit the potential benefits of structures with such "addressable complexity," we need to understand the factors that optimize the yield and the kinetics of self-assembly. Here we use a simple theoretical method to explain the key features responsible for the unexpected success of DNA-brick experiments, which are currently the only demonstration of reliable self-assembly with such a large number of components. Simulations confirm that our theory accurately predicts the narrow temperature window in which error-free assembly can occur. Even more strikingly, our theory predicts that correct assembly of the complete structure may require a time-dependent experimental protocol. Furthermore, we predict that low coordination numbers result in nonclassical nucleation behavior, which we find to be essential for achieving optimal nucleation kinetics under mild growth conditions. We also show that, rather surprisingly, the use of heterogeneous bond energies improves the nucleation kinetics and in fact appears to be necessary for assembling certain intricate 3D structures. This observation makes it possible to sculpt nucleation pathways by tuning the distribution of interaction strengths. These insights not only suggest how to improve the design of structures based on DNA bricks, but also point the way toward the creation of a much wider class of chemical or colloidal structures with addressable complexity.
Collapse
|
26
|
Ke Y, Ong LL, Sun W, Song J, Dong M, Shih WM, Yin P. DNA brick crystals with prescribed depths. Nat Chem 2014; 6:994-1002. [PMID: 25343605 PMCID: PMC4238964 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The ability to assemble functional materials with precise spatial arrangements is important for applications ranging from protein crystallography to photovoltaics. Here, we describe a general framework for constructing two-dimensional crystals with prescribed depths and sophisticated three-dimensional features. The crystals are self-assembled from single-stranded DNA components called DNA bricks. We demonstrate the experimental construction of DNA brick crystals that can grow to micrometre size in their lateral dimensions with precisely controlled depths up to 80 nm. They can be designed to pack DNA helices at angles parallel or perpendicular to the plane of the crystal and to display user-specified sophisticated three-dimensional nanoscale features, such as continuous or discontinuous cavities and channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ke
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Luvena L. Ong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jie Song
- Center for DNA Nanotechnology at the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Center for DNA Nanotechnology at the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - William M. Shih
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang P, Tian C, Li X, Mao C. Assembly of barcode-like nucleic acid nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3923-3926. [PMID: 24978689 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Barcode-like (BC) nanopatterns from programmed self-assembly of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are reported. BC nanostructures are generated by the introduction of open spaces at selected sites to an otherwise closely packed, plain, rectangle nucleic acid nanostructure. This strategy is applied to nanostructures assembled from both origami approach and single stranded tile approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Reinhardt A, Frenkel D. Numerical evidence for nucleated self-assembly of DNA brick structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:238103. [PMID: 24972230 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.238103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The observation by Ke et al. [Science 338, 1177 (2012)] that large numbers of short, predesigned DNA strands can assemble into three-dimensional target structures came as a great surprise, as no colloidal self-assembling system has ever achieved the same degree of complexity. That failure seemed easy to rationalize: the larger the number of distinct building blocks, the higher the expected error rate for self-assembly. The experiments of Ke et al. have disproved this argument. Here, we report Monte Carlo simulations of the self-assembly of a DNA brick cube, comprising approximately 1000 types of DNA strand, using a simple model. We model the DNA strands as lattice tetrahedra with attractive patches, the interaction strengths of which are computed using a standard thermodynamic model. We find that, within a narrow temperature window, the target structure assembles with high probability. Our simulations suggest that misassembly is disfavored because of a slow nucleation step. As our model incorporates no aspect of DNA other than its binding properties, these simulations suggest that, with proper design of the building blocks, other systems, such as colloids, may also assemble into truly complex structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleks Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wei B, Ong LL, Chen J, Jaffe AS, Yin P. Complex Reconfiguration of DNA Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
30
|
Wei B, Ong LL, Chen J, Jaffe AS, Yin P. Complex reconfiguration of DNA nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7475-9. [PMID: 24899518 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids have been used to create diverse synthetic structural and dynamic systems. Toehold-mediated strand displacement has enabled the construction of sophisticated circuits, motors, and molecular computers. Yet it remains challenging to demonstrate complex structural reconfiguration in which a structure changes from a starting shape to another arbitrarily prescribed shape. To address this challenge, we have developed a general structural-reconfiguration method that utilizes the modularly interconnected architecture of single-stranded DNA tile and brick structures. The removal of one component strand reveals a newly exposed toehold on a neighboring strand, thus enabling us to remove regions of connected component strands without the need to modify the strands with predesigned external toeholds. By using this method, we reconfigured a two-dimensional rectangular DNA canvas into diverse prescribed shapes. We also used this method to reconfigure a three-dimensional DNA cuboid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Wei
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 (USA) http://molecular-systems.net http://yin.hms.harvard.edu; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 (USA).
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|