Pyrogallol[4]arenes as Frustrated Organic Solids

Supramolecular-Macrocycle-Based Crystalline Organic Materials

Supramolecular macrocycles are well known as guest receptors in supramolecular chemistry, especially host-guest chemistry. In addition to their wide applications in host-guest chemistry and related areas, macrocycles have also been employed to construct crystalline organic materials (COMs) owing to their particular structures that combine both rigidity and adaptivity. There are two main types of supramolecular-macrocycle-based COMs: those constructed from macrocycles themselves and those prepared from macrocycles with other organic linkers. This review summarizes recent developments in supramolecular-macrocycle-based COMs, which are categorized by various types of macrocycles, including cyclodextrins, calixarenes, resorcinarenes, pyrogalloarenes, cucurbiturils, pillararenes, and others. Effort is made to focus on the structures of supramolecular-macrocycle-based COMs and their structure-function relationships. In addition, the application of supramolecular-macrocycle-based COMs in gas storage or separation, molecular separation, solid-state electrolytes, proton conduction, iodine capture, water or environmental treatment, etc., are also presented. Finally, perspectives and future challenges in the field of supramolecular-macrocycle-based COMs are discussed.

Constructing an ultra-adsorbent based on the porous organic molecules of noria for the highly efficient adsorption of cationic dyes

A novel Noria-POP-1 material has been successfully synthesized by the simple polymerization of the porous organic molecules of noria and aryl diamines. Noria-POP-1 displayed excellent adsorption capacity for cationic dyes from water with selective removal ability. The adsorption experiments show that Noria-POP-1 displays a remarkable capability to selectively adsorb and separate methylene blue with an adsorption capacity of 2434 mg g⁻¹, which is the highest value obtained so far for porous organic polymers.

A novel Noria-POP-1 material has been successfully synthesized by simply polymerization of Noria and aryl diamines. Noria-POP-1 displays a remarkable capability to selectively absorb and separate methylene blue, which is 2434 mg g⁻¹.

Process Development for Separation of Conformers from Derivatives of Resorcin[4]arenes and Pyrogallol[4]arenes

Macrocyclic compounds, such as resorcin[4]arenes and pyrogallol[4]arenes, have proven to be useful building blocks in the construction of supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) because of their unique bowl-like shape and ability to interact through variety of intermolecular interactions. Herein, we report the synthesis and crystal structures of two functionalized resorcin[4]arenes and pyroagllol[4]arenes, 4-hydroxyphenylresorcin[4]arenes, and 4-hydroxyphenylpyrogallol[4]arenes. These phenyl-functionalized macrocycles usually have different conformers, such as cone, boat, chair, saddle, and diamond. The successful separation of predominant conformers from the crude product was carried out with solvent-extraction technique. The shape and molecular arrangement of these conformers in the individual crystal structure was verified with single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.

A two-dimensional hydrogen bonded organic framework self-assembled from a three-fold symmetric carbamate

A flexible organic sheet spontaneously assembled under mild conditions from a tri-carbamate. By introducing cyclohexyl side chains as 'pillars' between the sheets, a hydrogen bonded organic framework was formed which displayed a capacity for accommodating and releasing guest molecules. The guest size/shape selectivity of the lamellar framework was demonstrated by testing with various guests.