1
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wu Q, Li N, Shi E, Xiao J. CAMDOL-enabled diastereoselective synthesis of α-substituted phosphonates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38265054 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05436e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Enantiopure α-substituted phosphonic acids are widely utilized as drugs, pesticides, and ligands. Despite numerous synthetic approaches having been investigated, precise construction of P-adjacent chiral tertiary carbon centres by the employment of recoverable chiral auxiliaries is traditional and still one of the most reliable and practical synthetic methodologies so far. Herein, we present a highly diastereoselective synthesis of α-substituted phosphonates via the unique CAMDOL-derived P-substrates by an efficient sequential deprotonation with LiHMDS and alkylation/arylation with RI. A wide range of 30 structurally diverse α-substituted phosphonate products, including the well-known P-analogues of naproxen and ibuprofen, were thus afforded conveniently in up to 92% yields and 99 : 1 diastereomeric ratios. The related chiral phosphonic acid could be easily obtained by simple acidic hydrolysis with fully recovered auxiliary. This CAMDOL-enabled asymmetric synthetic protocol exhibits comparative advantages over known chiral-induction methods with easy accessibility and compatibility of furnishing a variety of C-stereogenic centres in the proximity of the phosphorus atom, including some rare examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Yulong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Li Pan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Enxue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Junhua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
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2
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Mondal B, Chen H, Maiti R, Wang H, Cai H, Mou C, Hao L, Chai H, Chi YR. Carbene-Catalyzed Direct O-Functionalization of Ketone: Atroposelective Access to Non- C2-Symmetric Binaphthyls. Org Lett 2023; 25:8252-8257. [PMID: 37955414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Disclosed here is NHC-catalyzed direct intermolecular trapping of the ketone oxygen atom with the acyl azolium intermediate. The overall reaction is a dynamic kinetic resolution process that converts ketone to the corresponding enol ester with well-controlled axial chirality. Our reaction eventually affords non-C2-symmetric binaphthyl derivatives with important applications, such as in the area of asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bivas Mondal
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hang Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rakesh Maiti
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hongling Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hui Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengli Mou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Hao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Huifang Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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3
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Sharma D, Chatterjee R, Dhayalan V, Dandela R. Recent Advances in Enantioselective Organocatalytic Reactions Enabled by NHCs Containing Triazolium Motifs. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1856-5688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) containing triazolium motifs have emerged as a powerful tool in organocatalysis. Recently, various NHC pre-catalyst mediated organic transformations have been developed successfully. This article aims to compile the current state of knowledge on NHC-triazolium catalysed enantioselective name reactions and introduce newly developed catalytic methods. Furthermore, this review article framework provides an excellent opportunity to highlight some of the unique applications of these catalytic procedures in the natural product synthesis of biologically active compounds, notably the wide range of preparation of substituted chiral alcohols, and their derivatives. This article provides an overview of chiral NHC triazolium-catalyst libraries synthesis and their catalytic application in enantioselective reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Dept. of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar-, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rana Chatterjee
- Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Rambabu Dandela
- Dept. of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology- IOC Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
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4
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Choi H, Mathi GR, Hong S, Hong S. Enantioselective functionalization at the C4 position of pyridinium salts through NHC catalysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1776. [PMID: 35365667 PMCID: PMC8975994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A catalytic method for the enantioselective and C4-selective functionalization of pyridine derivatives is yet to be developed. Herein, we report an efficient method for the asymmetric β-pyridylations of enals that involve N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis with excellent control over enantioselectivity and pyridyl C4-selectivity. The key strategy for precise stereocontrol involves enhancing interactions between the chiral NHC-bound homoenolate and pyridinium salt in the presence of hexafluorobenzene, which effectively differentiates the two faces of the homoenolate radical. Room temperature is sufficient for this transformation, and reaction efficiency is further accelerated by photo-mediation. This methodology exhibits broad functional group tolerance and enables facile access to a diverse range of enantioenriched β-pyridyl carbonyl compounds under mild and metal-free conditions. A catalytic method for the enantioselective and C4-selective functionalization of pyridine derivatives is yet to be developed. Here the authors report an efficient method for the asymmetric β-pyridylations of enals that involve N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis with excellent control over enantioselectivity and pyridyl C4-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyeol Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Gangadhar Rao Mathi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seonghyeok Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea. .,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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5
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Kyan R, Kitagawa Y, Ide R, Sato K, Mase N, Narumi T. β,γ-trans-selective γ-butyrolactone formation via homoenolate cross-annulation of enals and aldehydes catalyzed by sterically hindered N-heterocyclic carbene. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Vetica F, Bortolami M, Petrucci R, Rocco D, Feroci M. Electrogenerated NHCs in Organic Synthesis: Ionic Liquids vs Organic Solvents Effects. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2130-2147. [PMID: 33507627 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last twenty years, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been extensively studied for their application as organocatalysts in stereoselective synthesis as well as ligands for transition metals-promoted synthetic methodologies. Derived mainly from azolium salts, NHCs have demonstrated exceptional versatility in their generation usually performed by deprotonation or reduction (chemical or electrochemical). In particular, the generation of NHC under electrochemical conditions, starting from azolium-based ionic liquids, has proven to be a successful green approach and demonstrated wide applicability in organic synthesis. In this Personal Account, the application of electrogenerated NHCs in organic synthesis will be discussed, with a particular attention to the different reactivity in ionic liquids compared to classical organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Vetica
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Bortolami
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Petrucci
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Rocco
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Feroci
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161, Rome, Italy
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7
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Ling B, Yang W, Wang YE, Mao J. Cooperative N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Palladium-Catalyzed Umpolung 1,4-Addition of Vinyl Bromides to Enals. Org Lett 2020; 22:9603-9608. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ling
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yan-En Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, P.R. China
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
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8
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Wang Y, Qu LB, Wei D, Lan Y. Unveiling the Chemo- and Stereoselectivities of NHC-Catalyzed Reactions of an Aliphatic Ester with Aminochalcone. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8437-8446. [PMID: 32529828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The possible mechanisms and origin of selectivities in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed reactions of an aliphatic ester with aminochalcone were studied using density functional theory. Herein, a general mechanistic map involving various types of possible intermediates was discovered, and the corresponding chemoselective pathways were systematically investigated. Based on the computational results, the most energetically favorable reaction pathway mainly involved in the following processes: formation of a homoenolate intermediate via α/β-H elimination, formal Michael addition of a homoenolate intermediate to aminochalcone, intramolecular aldol-type reaction, and ring closure to form the lactam product. Furthermore, the formal Michael addition process was shown to be the stereoselectivity-determining step, generating the RR-configured product preferentially. The chemoselectivity was successfully predicted by comparing the ω + N index of reacting ability for a nucleophile (N) and electrophile (E). This work would provide a general guideline for predicting chemoselectivity in NHC-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 136 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
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9
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Chen L, Liu X, Zou Y. Recent Advances in the Construction of Phosphorus‐Substituted Heterocycles, 2009–2019. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University 168 Hua Guan Road Chengdu 610052 Peoples's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University 168 Hua Guan Road Chengdu 610052 Peoples's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Xiang Zou
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University 168 Hua Guan Road Chengdu 610052 Peoples's Republic of China
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10
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Curti C, Battistini L, Sartori A, Zanardi F. New Developments of the Principle of Vinylogy as Applied to π-Extended Enolate-Type Donor Systems. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2448-2612. [PMID: 32040305 PMCID: PMC7993750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The principle of vinylogy states that the electronic effects of a functional group in a molecule are possibly transmitted to a distal position through interposed conjugated multiple bonds. As an emblematic case, the nucleophilic character of a π-extended enolate-type chain system may be relayed from the legitimate α-site to the vinylogous γ, ε, ..., ω remote carbon sites along the chain, provided that suitable HOMO-raising strategies are adopted to transform the unsaturated pronucleophilic precursors into the reactive polyenolate species. On the other hand, when "unnatural" carbonyl ipso-sites are activated as nucleophiles (umpolung), vinylogation extends the nucleophilic character to "unnatural" β, δ, ... remote sites. Merging the principle of vinylogy with activation modalities and concepts such as iminium ion/enamine organocatalysis, NHC-organocatalysis, cooperative organo/metal catalysis, bifunctional organocatalysis, dicyanoalkylidene activation, and organocascade reactions represents an impressive step forward for all vinylogous transformations. This review article celebrates this evolutionary progress, by collecting, comparing, and critically describing the achievements made over the nine year period 2010-2018, in the generation of vinylogous enolate-type donor substrates and their use in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Franca Zanardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli
Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università
di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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11
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Yang W, Ling B, Hu B, Yin H, Mao J, Walsh PJ. Synergistic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Palladium‐Catalyzed Umpolung 1,4‐Addition of Aryl Iodides to Enals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Bo Ling
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Haolin Yin
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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12
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Verma RS, Khatana AK, Mishra M, Kumar S, Tiwari B. Access to enantioenriched 4-phosphorylated δ-lactones from β-phosphorylenones and enals via carbene organocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7155-7158. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03204b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed direct access to enantioenriched 4-phosphorylated δ-lactones from β-phosphorylenones and enals has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Subhawan Verma
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Lucknow
- India
| | - Anil Kumar Khatana
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Lucknow
- India
| | - Monika Mishra
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Lucknow
- India
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
- Lucknow
- India
| | - Bhoopendra Tiwari
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Lucknow
- India
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13
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Zhao Q, Peng C, Zhan G, Han B. Synthesis of polysubstituted arenes through organocatalytic benzannulation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:40983-41003. [PMID: 35519191 PMCID: PMC9057797 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08068c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysubstituted arenes serve as ubiquitous structural cores of aromatic compounds with significant applications in chemistry, biological science, and materials science. Among all the synthetic approaches toward these highly functionalized arenes, organocatalytic benzannulation represents one of the most efficient and versatile transformations in the assembly of structurally diverse arene architectures under mild conditions with exceptional chemo-, regio- or stereoselectivities. Thus, the development of new benzannulation reactions through organocatalysis has attracted much attention in the past ten years. This review systemically presents recent advances in the organocatalytic benzannulation strategies, categorized as follows: (1) Brønsted acid-catalysis, (2) secondary amine catalysis, (3) primary amine catalysis, (4) tertiary amine catalysis, (5) tertiary phosphine catalysis, and (6) N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis. Each part is further classified into several types according to the number of carbon atoms contributed by different synthons participating in the cyclization reaction. The reaction mechanisms involved in different benzannulation strategies were highlighted. Organocatalytic benzannulation represents one of the most efficient transformations for assembling polysubstituted arenes, this review presents recent advances in organocatalytic benzannulation strategies to construct functionalized benzenes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Gu Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
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14
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Yang W, Ling B, Hu B, Yin H, Mao J, Walsh PJ. Synergistic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Palladium‐Catalyzed Umpolung 1,4‐Addition of Aryl Iodides to Enals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:161-166. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Bo Ling
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Haolin Yin
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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15
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Chen Y, Pan Y, He Y, Fan Q. Consecutive Intermolecular Reductive Amination/Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Facile Access to Sterically Tunable Chiral Vicinal Diamines and N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yixiao Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Mei He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Hua Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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16
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Chen Y, Pan Y, He Y, Fan Q. Consecutive Intermolecular Reductive Amination/Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Facile Access to Sterically Tunable Chiral Vicinal Diamines and N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16831-16834. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yixiao Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Mei He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Hua Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS)University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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17
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Ide R, Kyan R, Phuc Le T, Kitagawa Y, Sato K, Mase N, Narumi T. Chemoselective Umpolung of Enals for Asymmetric Homoenolate Cross-Annulation of Enals and Aldehydes Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Org Lett 2019; 21:9119-9123. [PMID: 31686515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric homoenolate cross-annulation of enals and aldehydes with high enantioselectivity is realized by NHC-catalyzed chemoselective umpolung of enals. The reaction proceeds in a highly chemoselective manner, selectively generating the conjugated Breslow intermediates from enals rather than aldehydes, enabling the homoenolate addition of enals to aldehydes in preference to competing acyl anion-mediated reactions. Enantioenriched substituted γ-butyrolactones are formed in good yields with high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Ide
- Course of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Ryuji Kyan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Thien Phuc Le
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Yuya Kitagawa
- Course of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Course of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mase
- Course of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Tetsuo Narumi
- Course of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , 3-5-1 Johoku , Hamamatsu , Shizuoka 432-8561 , Japan
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18
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Liu B, Luo G, Wang H, Hao L, Yang S, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene‐Catalyzed Direct Functionalization of the β‐sp
3
‐Carbon Atoms of α‐Chloroaldehydes. Chemistry 2019; 25:12719-12723. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringKey Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Guoyong Luo
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hongling Wang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringKey Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - Lin Hao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Song Yang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringKey Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringKey Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringKey Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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19
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Reep C, Sun S, Takenaka N. C(
sp
2
)−H Hydrogen‐Bond Donor Groups in Chiral Small‐Molecule Organocatalysts. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlyn Reep
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences Florida Institute of Technology 150 West University Boulevard Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences Florida Institute of Technology 150 West University Boulevard Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975
| | - Norito Takenaka
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences Florida Institute of Technology 150 West University Boulevard Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975
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20
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Zhu SY, Zhang Y, Chen XF, Huang J, Shi SH, Hui XP. Highly enantioselective synthesis of functionalized azepino[1,2-a]indolesviaNHC-catalyzed [3+4] annulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4363-4366. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01444f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective [3+4] annulation of 3-formylindol-2-methylmalonates with 2-bromoenals catalyzed by NHCs is described to efficiently synthesise functionalized azepino[1,2-a]indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ya Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Fa Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hui Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yan’an University
- Yan’an 716000
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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21
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Cao S, Yuan H, Zhang J. A mechanistic investigation into N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed umpolung of ketones and benzonitriles: is the cyano group better than the classical carbonyl group for the addition of NHC? Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01309h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cooperative participation of NHC-H2O-activated cyano carbon is more preferred than the classical NHC-activated carbonyl carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- 130024 China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- 130024 China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis
- Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- 130024 China
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22
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Zhang CL, Han YF, Ye S. N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed β-addition of enals to 3-alkylenyloxindoles: synthesis of oxindoles with all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7966-7969. [PMID: 31219115 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03099a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed β-addition of enals to 3-alkylenyloxindoles was developed. All of the β-aryl, β-alkenyl and β-alkyl enals worked well for the reaction to give the corresponding 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles bearing contiguous all-carbon quaternary and tertiary stereocenters in good yields with moderate to high diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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23
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Chakrabarty S, Takacs JM. Phosphonate-Directed Catalytic Asymmetric Hydroboration: Delivery of Boron to the More Substituted Carbon, Leading to Chiral Tertiary Benzylic Boronic Esters. ACS Catal 2018; 8:10530-10536. [PMID: 31134137 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphonate-directed catalytic asymmetric hydroboration (CAHB) of β-aryl/heteroaryl methylidenes and trisubstituted alkenes by pinacolborane enables facile access to functionalized, chiral tertiary benzylic boronic esters. Hydroboration is catalyzed by a chiral rhodium catalyst prepared in situ from a Rh(I)-precursor in combination with a simple TADDOL-derived chiral cyclic monophosphite in a 1:1 ratio. The regio- and stereochemistry arises from the combined effects of the relative disposition of the directing group to the alkene, the alkene substitution pattern, and the necessity of an aryl substituent attached to the alkene. A range of aryl and heteroaryl substituents can be accommodated, and for several chiral substrates, the reactions are efficiently catalyst-controlled enabling the choice of diastereomeric products as desired. Stereospecific transformations of the chiral boronic ester afford chiral phosphonates bearing a quaternary carbon stereocenter. The synthetic utility of the products is further demonstrated by α-oxidation of the phosphonate leading to hydroxy- and oxo-phosphonates; the latter readily undergo elimination/substitution reactions to unmask the phosphonate functionality with the formation of aldehydes, alcohols, esters, amides, acids and ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588−0304, United States
| | - James M. Takacs
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588−0304, United States
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24
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Sun J, Mou C, Wang Z, He F, Wu J, Chi YR. Carbene-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of Vinyl Enolate and (in Situ Generated) Imines for Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary α-Amino Phosphonates. Org Lett 2018; 20:5969-5972. [PMID: 30211562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A carbene-catalyzed enantioselective addition of enals to five-membered cyclic imines is developed. The reaction gives chiral quaternary α-amino phosphonates bearing tetrasubstituted carbon centers with excellent enantioselectivities. The imine substrates can be generated in situ from the corresponding amines under an oxidative condition that is compatible with the carbene catalysis. Thus, a one-pot cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) reaction between enals and amines is also realized with high enantioselectivity remaining. The method provides quick enantioselective access to amino phosphonates with potential applications in medicines and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Huaxi District , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Chengli Mou
- School of Pharmacy , Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Huaxi District , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Zhongyao Wang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Huaxi District , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Fangcheng He
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Huaxi District , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Jian Wu
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Huaxi District , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Huaxi District , Guiyang 550025 , China.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
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25
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Schwamb CB, Fitzpatrick KP, Brueckner AC, Richardson HC, Cheong PHY, Scheidt KA. Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Amidoboronates Catalyzed by Planar-Chiral NHC-Cu(I) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10644-10648. [PMID: 30102526 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The first highly selective catalytic hydroboration of alkyl-substituted aldimines to provide medicinally relevant α-amidoboronates is disclosed. The Cu(I)-catalyzed borylation proceeds with excellent facial selectivity when a set of planar-chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) were employed as ligands. Density functional theory computations suggest that interactions between BPin and the planar-chiral catalyst are responsible for the observed stereoselectivity. Important pharmacophores, such as the boronate analogue of isoleucine, can be prepared using a chromatography-free protocol starting from commercially available reagents. The application of these NHC ligands in these Cu(I)-catalyzed processes offers a significant contribution to existing strategies for laboratory-scale preparation of enantioenriched α-amidoboronates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Benjamin Schwamb
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery , Northwestern University , Silverman Hall , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Keegan P Fitzpatrick
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery , Northwestern University , Silverman Hall , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Alexander C Brueckner
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - H Camille Richardson
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Paul H-Y Cheong
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery , Northwestern University , Silverman Hall , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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26
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Sun J, He F, Wang Z, Pan D, Zheng P, Mou C, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene-catalyzed enal γ-carbon addition to α-ketophosphonates for enantioselective access to bioactive 2-pyranylphosphonates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6040-6043. [PMID: 29799045 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03017k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A carbene-catalyzed enantioselective [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and α-ketophosphonates is developed. The reaction affords chiral 2-pyranylphosphonates with excellent enantioselectivities. The optically enriched phosphonate products bear multiple functional groups, including unsaturated lactone and phosphonate moieties that often lead to unique bio-activities. Preliminary studies show that the products from our reactions exhibit anti-bacterial (X. oryzae pv. oryzae) and anti-viral (Tobacco Mosaic Virus) activities for potential use in plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.
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27
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Murauski KJR, Jaworski AA, Scheidt KA. A continuing challenge: N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed syntheses of γ-butyrolactones. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1773-1782. [PMID: 29372207 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic, stereoselective N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed reactions facilitate efficient construction of many different heterocyclic compounds, such as the enantioenriched 5-membered (γ) lactones highlighted in this tutorial review. Herein, various strategies to enable formal [3+2] type annulations between electrophilic carbonyl equivalents and homoenolate nucleophiles for the synthesis of γ-lactones are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J R Murauski
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
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28
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Lin JB, Cheng XN, Tian XD, Xu GQ, Luo YC, Xu PF. A C1-symmetric N-heterocyclic carbene catalysed oxidative spiroannulation of isatin-derived enals: highly enantioselective synthesis of spirooxindole δ-lactones. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15444-15447. [PMID: 35539478 PMCID: PMC9080099 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02009d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A C1-symmetric N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalysed activation of isatin-derived enals under oxidative conditions was achieved. The in situ generated α,β-unsaturated acyl azolium species was efficiently trapped by 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds via a Michael addition/spiroannualtion cascade, delivering a series of synthetically important spirooxindole δ-lactones with up to 96% enantioselectivity. A NHC-catalysed spiroannulation of isatin-derived enals and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds has been developed, enabling enantioselective synthesis of synthetically important spirooxindole δ-lactones.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xi-Na Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Chun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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29
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Sun J, Mou C, Liu C, Huang R, Zhang S, Zheng P, Chi YR. Enantioselective access to multi-cyclic α-amino phosphonates via carbene-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions between enals and six-membered cyclic imines. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00877a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A carbene-catalyzed enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction is developed and quarternary α-amino phosphonates are afforded with encouraging anti-bacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Chengli Mou
- School of Pharmacy
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Changyi Liu
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Ruoyan Huang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Shupeng Zhang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
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30
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Zhao M, Zhang YT, Chen J, Zhou L. Enantioselective Reactions Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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31
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Kerim MD, Cattoen M, Fincias N, Dos Santos A, Arseniyadis S, El Kaïm L. Palladium-catalysedO-Allylation of α-Hydroxyphosphonates: An Expedient Entry into Phosphono-oxaheterocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Dolé Kerim
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech, UMR 7652; Université Paris-Saclay; 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Martin Cattoen
- Queen Mary University of London; School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Nicolas Fincias
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech, UMR 7652; Université Paris-Saclay; 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau France
- Queen Mary University of London; School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Aurélie Dos Santos
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech, UMR 7652; Université Paris-Saclay; 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Stellios Arseniyadis
- Queen Mary University of London; School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Laurent El Kaïm
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech, UMR 7652; Université Paris-Saclay; 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau France
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32
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Murauski KJR, Walden DM, Cheong PHY, Scheidt KA. A Cooperative Ternary Catalysis System for Asymmetric Lactonizations of α-Ketoesters. Adv Synth Catal 2017; 359:3713-3719. [PMID: 30473657 PMCID: PMC6251415 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A general and enantioselective N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed lactonization of simple enals and α-ketoesters has been discovered using a new ternary cooperative catalytic system. The highly selective annulation was achieved by using a combination of a chiral NHC, a hydrogen-bond donor, and a metal salt, facilitating self-assembly of the reactive partners. A proposed model for this new mode of NHC chiral relay catalysis is supported by experimental and computational mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J. R. Murauski
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston IL 60208 (USA)
| | - Daniel M. Walden
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis OR, 97331 (USA)
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis OR, 97331 (USA)
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston IL 60208 (USA)
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33
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Zhu SY, Zhang Y, Wang W, Hui XP. Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydro-1H-1,2-diazepines by N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed [3 + 4] Annulation. Org Lett 2017; 19:5380-5383. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ya Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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34
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Maji R, Champagne PA, Houk KN, Wheeler SE. Activation Mode and Origin of Selectivity in Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Oxacycle Formation by Intramolecular Oxetane Desymmetrizations. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Steven E. Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
- Center
for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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35
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Maji R, Wheeler SE. Importance of Electrostatic Effects in the Stereoselectivity of NHC-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolutions. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12441-12449. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Steven E. Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Center
for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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36
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Balha M, Mondal B, Sahoo SC, Pan SC. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael-Hemiacetalization Reaction Between 2-Hydroxyacetophenones and Enals: A Route to Chiral β,γ-Disubstituted γ-Butyrolactones. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6409-6416. [PMID: 28525722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first highly enantioselective organocatalytic reaction employing 2-hydroxyacetophenones is disclosed, namely Michael-hemiacetalization reaction of 2-hydroxyacetophenones with enals. The combination of a primary amine and a secondary amine catalyst was found to be the best choice for this methodology. The products of this reaction were obtained in high enantio- and diastereoselectivities and were converted to a variety of biologically important γ-butyrolactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Balha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Buddhadeb Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Subas Chandra Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Subhas Chandra Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , North Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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37
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Yang YJ, Ji Y, Qi L, Wang G, Hui XP. Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclopenta[3,4]pyrroloindolones via N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Michael/Aldol/Lactamization Cascade Reaction. Org Lett 2017; 19:3271-3274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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38
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Chen J, Yuan P, Wang L, Huang Y. Enantioselective β-Protonation of Enals via a Shuttling Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7045-7051. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiean Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Leming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical
Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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39
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Krishnan J, Mathew S, Jayaprakash PA, Sasidhar BS, Mayadevi TS, Suresh E, Nair V. Sequential N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Reactions of Enals and Cyclic Aryldiene-1,3-Diones: Synthesis of Tricyclic Chromenones and Related Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Krishnan
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum- 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi- 110001 India
| | - Sneha Mathew
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum- 695 019 India
| | - P. Anjana Jayaprakash
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum- 695 019 India
| | - B. S. Sasidhar
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum- 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi- 110001 India
| | - T. S. Mayadevi
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum- 695 019 India
| | - E. Suresh
- Analytical Department and Centralized Instrument Facility; CSIR-CSMCRI; Bhavnagar 364 002 India
| | - Vijay Nair
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum- 695 019 India
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40
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Maekawa Y, Maruyama T, Murai T. Sequential Deprotonation–Alkylation of Binaphthyloxy-Substituted Phosphonochalcogenoates: Chiral Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers Adjacent to a Phosphorus Atom. Org Lett 2016; 18:5264-5267. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Maekawa
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Maruyama
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Murai
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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41
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Walden DM, Ogba OM, Johnston RC, Cheong PHY. Computational Insights into the Central Role of Nonbonding Interactions in Modern Covalent Organocatalysis. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:1279-91. [PMID: 27267964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The flexibility, complexity, and size of contemporary organocatalytic transformations pose interesting and powerful opportunities to computational and experimental chemists alike. In this Account, we disclose our recent computational investigations of three branches of organocatalysis in which nonbonding interactions, such as C-H···O/N interactions, play a crucial role in the organization of transition states, catalysis, and selectivity. We begin with two examples of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis, both collaborations with the Scheidt laboratory at Northwestern. In the first example, we discuss the discovery of an unusual diverging mechanism in a catalytic kinetic resolution of a dynamic racemate that depends on the stereochemistry of the product being formed. Specifically, the major product is formed through a concerted asynchronous [2 + 2] aldol-lactonization, while the minor products come from a stepwise spiro-lactonization pathway. Stereoselectivity and catalysis are the results of electrophilic activation from C-H···O interactions between the catalyst and the substrate and conjugative stabilization of the electrophile. In the second example, we show how knowledge and understanding of the computed transition states led to the development of a more enantioselective NHC catalyst for the butyrolactonization of acyl phosphonates. The identification of mutually exclusive C-H···O interactions in the computed major and minor TSs directly resulted in structural hypotheses that would lead to targeted destabilization of the minor TS, leading to enhanced stereoinduction. Synthesis and evaluation of the newly designed NHC catalyst validated our hypotheses. Next, we discuss two works related to Lewis base catalysis involving 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and its derivatives. In the first, we discuss our collaboration with the Smith laboratory at St Andrews, in which we discovered the origins of the regioselectivity in carboxyl transfer reactions. We disclose how different Lewis base catalysts (NHC or DMAP) can lead to different regiomeric products as a result of differing magnitudes of aromatic and C-H···O interactions present in the respective transition states. In the second example, we discuss the mechanism and origins of the stereoselectivity of a reaction catalyzed by a planar-chiral 4-(pyrrolidino)pyridine derivative, namely, the coupling of ketenes with cyanopyrrole. We discovered that the chiral base mechanism is operative, in contrast to the originally proposed Brønsted acid mechanism. The selectivity is determined by the ease with which the major and minor TSs can realize strong stabilizing C-H···N interactions between the pyrrole cyano group and the catalyst. These interactions induce increased catalyst distortion in the minor TS, thereby leading to enantioselectivity. Finally, we discuss our computations related to amine-based organocatalysis in collaboration with the Carter laboratory at Oregon State. We probed the mechanism and stereoselectivity of a bifunctional amine thiourea-catalyzed Michael reaction. Our computations led to the design of an improved catalyst. However, synthesis and tests revealed that this catalyst was prone to degradation to side products that also catalyze the reaction, ultimately reducing the observed enantioselectivity. Lastly, we discuss our study of the mechanism and stereoselectivity of a proline sulfonamide-catalyzed Robinson annulation, in which we discovered that the enantioselectivity is controlled by the first Michael step but the diastereoselectivity is controlled by the following Mannich step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Walden
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - O. Maduka Ogba
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Ryne C. Johnston
- UT/ORNL
Center for Molecular Biophysics, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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42
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Xu J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhu S, Liu M, Hua X, Chen S, Lu T, Du D. Formal [3 + 3] annulation of isatin-derived 2-bromoenals with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds enabled by Lewis acid/N-heterocyclic carbene cooperative catalysis. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27848a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several novel isatin-derived 2-bromoenals were applied for formal [3 + 3] annulation with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds enabled by NHC/Lewis acid cooperative catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yishan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Suzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Xi Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Siyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Ding Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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43
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Zhang Z, Zeng X, Xie D, Chen D, Ding L, Wang A, Yang L, Zhong G. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Activation of Esters of N-Hydroxyphthalimide: A Highly Enantioselective Route to Chiral Dihydropyridinones Bearing an All Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Center. Org Lett 2015; 17:5052-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Xiaofei Zeng
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Danbo Xie
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Liyuan Ding
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Anna Wang
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials, Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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44
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Yamazaki S, Wada J, Kakiuchi K. Stereospecific cyclization reaction of alkenyl esters and amides of ethenetricarboxylate. CAN J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2015-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The stereospecificity of the cyclization reaction of (E)- and (Z)-2-alkenyl esters and amides of ethenetricarboxylate has been examined. The reaction of (E)/(Z)-2-butenyl esters with AlCl3 or FeCl3 gave trans-substituted chlorinated γ-lactone diastereomers stereospecifically. (E)/(Z)-2-butenyl and pentenyl amides undergo an intramolecular ene reaction at room temperature gradually. At 80 °C, the (Z)-alkenyl amides were transformed to cis-substituted ene adducts and the (E)-amides were transformed to cis- and trans-substituted ene adduct mixtures. The reaction of (E)/(Z)-2-alkenyl amides with ZnI2 gave trans-substituted γ-lactam diastereomers stereospecifically along with the ene adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan
| | - Junya Wada
- Department of Chemistry, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Kakiuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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45
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Flanigan DM, Romanov-Michailidis F, White NA, Rovis T. Organocatalytic Reactions Enabled by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9307-87. [PMID: 25992594 PMCID: PMC4986729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1395] [Impact Index Per Article: 155.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Darrin M Flanigan
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | | | - Nicholas A White
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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46
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Qiao Y, Wei D, Chang J. Insights into the Unexpected Chemoselectivity for the N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Annulation Reaction of Allenals with Chalcones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:8619-30. [PMID: 26270106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lewis base N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed annulation is the subject of extensive interest in synthetic chemistry, but the reaction mechanisms, especially the unexpected chemoselectivity of some of these reactions, are poorly understood. In this work, a systematic theoretical calculation has been performed on NHC-catalyzed annulation between allenals and chalcone. Multiple possible reaction pathways (A-E) leading to three different products have been characterized. The calculated results reveal that NHC is more likely to initiate the reaction by nucleophilic attack on the center carbon atom of the allene group but not the carbonyl carbon atom in allenals leading to the Breslow intermediate, which is remarkably different from the other NHC-catalyzed annulations of unsaturated aldehydes with chalcones. The computed energy profiles demonstrate that the most energetically favorable pathway (A) results in polysubstituted pyranyl aldehydes, which reasonably explains the observed chemoselectivity in the experiment. The observed chemoselectivity is demonstrated to be thermodynamically but not kinetically controlled, and the stability of the Breslow intermediate is the key for the possibility of homoenolate pathway D and enolate pathway E. This work can improve our understanding of the multiple competing pathways for NHC-catalyzed annulation reactions of unsaturated aldehydes with chalcones and provide valuable insights for predicting the chemoselectivity for this kind of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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47
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White NA, Rovis T. Oxidatively Initiated NHC-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted Cyclopentanones from Enals. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10112-5. [PMID: 26256839 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed annulation of enals to form 3,4-disubstituted cyclopentanones has been discovered. Aryl enals undergo dimerization in the presence of a single-electron oxidant to form C2 symmetric cyclopentanones. A cross-reaction has also been developed, allowing for the synthesis of differentially substituted cyclopentanones. Mechanistically, the reaction is thought to proceed through radical intermediates, further establishing the synthetic utility of this class of reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A White
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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48
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Menon RS, Biju AT, Nair V. Recent advances in employing homoenolates generated by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis in carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5040-52. [PMID: 26014054 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00162e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of NHCs for generating homoenolate species has gained widespread popularity in recent years. A number of highly stereoselective processes of NHC-homoenolates have emerged. Homoenolate reactions have also been employed as key steps in the total synthesis of a number of natural products. The use of compatible co-catalysts, improved NHC-catalyst design and the use of novel precursors for homoenolate generation are among the major developments in this area that were disclosed recently. This tutorial review organises and presents the advancements in this rapidly growing area of catalysis and in the process updates a previous account published in 2011 in this journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev S Menon
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
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49
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Jin Z, Jiang K, Fu Z, Torres J, Zheng P, Yang S, Song BA, Chi YR. Nucleophilic β-Carbon Activation of Propionic Acid as a 3-Carbon Synthon by Carbene Organocatalysis. Chemistry 2015; 21:9360-3. [PMID: 26013883 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Direct β-carbon activation of propionic acid (C2H5CO2H) by carbene organocatalysis has been developed. This activation affords the smallest azolium homoenolate intermediate (without any substituent) as a 3-carbon nucleophile for enantioselective reactions. Propionic acid is an excellent raw material because it is cheap, stable, and safe. This approach provides a much better solution to azolium homoenolate synthesis than the previously established use of acrolein (enal without any substituent), which is expensive, unstable, and toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Jin
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Ke Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Zhenqian Fu
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Jaume Torres
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025 (P. R. China)
| | - Song Yang
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025 (P. R. China)
| | - Bao-An Song
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025 (P. R. China).
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural, Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025 (P. R. China).
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50
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Zhu T, Mou C, Li B, Smetankova M, Song BA, Chi YR. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed δ-Carbon LUMO Activation of Unsaturated Aldehydes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:5658-61. [PMID: 25910417 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed domino reaction triggered by a δ-LUMO activation of α,β-γ,δ-diunsaturated enal has been developed for the formal [4 + 2] construction of multisubstituted arenes and 3-ylidenephthalide. These two products, formed in a highly chemo- and regioselective manner, were obtained via different catalytic pathways due to a simple change of the substrate. The activation of the remote δ-carbon of unsaturated aldehydes expands the synthetic potentials of NHC organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingshun Zhu
- †Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chengli Mou
- †Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | | | | | - Bao-An Song
- †Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- †Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
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