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Kumar R, Ghosh A, Vaval N. Relaxation of the 2a1 ionized water dimer: An interplay of intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) and proton transfer processes. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214302. [PMID: 38832734 DOI: 10.1063/5.0199888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This article investigates the relaxation dynamics of the ionized 2a1 state of a water molecule within a water dimer. The study was motivated by findings from two previous pieces of research that focused on the relaxation behaviors of the inner-valence ionized water dimer. The present study discloses an observation indicating that water dimers display specific fragmentation patterns following inner-valence ionization, depending on the position of the vacancy. Vacancies were created in the 2a1 state of the proton-donating water molecule (PDWM) and proton-accepting water molecule (PAWM). Utilizing Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations, the propagation of the 2a1 ionized state was carried out for both scenarios. The results revealed proton transfer occurred when the vacancy resided in the PDWM, accompanied by the closing of decay channels for O-H bond distance (RO-H) > 1.187 Å (matching Richter et al.'s findings). Conversely, when vacancy was on PAWM, we observed no closing of decay channels (aligning with Jahnke et al.'s findings). This difference translates to distinct fragmentation pathways. In PDWM cases, 2a1 state ionization leads to H3O+ -OH• formation. In contrast, PAWM vacancies result in decay pathways leading to H2O+-H2O+ products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aryya Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Nayana Vaval
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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2
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Bloß D, Trinter F, Unger I, Zindel C, Honisch C, Viehmann J, Kiefer N, Marder L, Küstner-Wetekam C, Heikura E, Cederbaum LS, Björneholm O, Hergenhahn U, Ehresmann A, Hans A. X-ray radiation damage cycle of solvated inorganic ions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4594. [PMID: 38816362 PMCID: PMC11139941 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
X-ray-induced damage is one of the key topics in radiation chemistry. Substantial damage is attributed to low-energy electrons and radicals emerging from direct inner-shell photoionization or produced by subsequent processes. We apply multi-electron coincidence spectroscopy to X-ray-irradiated aqueous solutions of inorganic ions to investigate the production of low-energy electrons (LEEs) in a predicted cascade of intermolecular charge- and energy-transfer processes, namely electron-transfer-mediated decay (ETMD) and interatomic/intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD). An advanced coincidence technique allows us to identify several LEE-producing steps during the decay of 1s vacancies in solvated Mg2+ ions, which escaped observation in previous non-coincident experiments. We provide strong evidence for the predicted recovering of the ion's initial state. In natural environments the recovering of the ion's initial state is expected to cause inorganic ions to be radiation-damage hot spots, repeatedly producing destructive particles under continuous irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Bloß
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
| | - Florian Trinter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Isaak Unger
- Chemical and Biomolecular Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christina Zindel
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Carolin Honisch
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Johannes Viehmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Nils Kiefer
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Lutz Marder
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Catmarna Küstner-Wetekam
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Emilia Heikura
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olle Björneholm
- Chemical and Biomolecular Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Ehresmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Andreas Hans
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
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3
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Johny M, Schouder CA, Al-Refaie A, He L, Wiese J, Stapelfeldt H, Trippel S, Küpper J. Water is a radiation protection agent for ionised pyrrole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13118-13130. [PMID: 38629233 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03471b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Radiation-induced damage of biological matter is an ubiquitous problem in nature. The influence of the hydration environment is widely discussed, but its exact role remains elusive. Utilising well defined solvated-molecule aggregates, we experimentally observed a hydrogen-bonded water molecule acting as a radiation protection agent for ionised pyrrole, a prototypical aromatic biomolecule. Pure samples of pyrrole and pyrrole(H2O) were outer-valence ionised and the subsequent damage and relaxation processes were studied. Bare pyrrole ions fragmented through the breaking of C-C or N-C covalent bonds. However, for pyrrole(H2O)+, we observed a strong protection of the pyrrole ring through the dissociative release of neutral water or by transferring an electron or proton across the hydrogen bond. Overall, a single water molecule strongly reduces the fragmentation probability and thus the persistent radiation damage of singly-ionised pyrrole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melby Johny
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constant A Schouder
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- LIDYL, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ahmed Al-Refaie
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Lanhai He
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Joss Wiese
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Stapelfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Trippel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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4
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Gopakumar G, Unger I, Slavíček P, Hergenhahn U, Öhrwall G, Malerz S, Céolin D, Trinter F, Winter B, Wilkinson I, Caleman C, Muchová E, Björneholm O. Radiation damage by extensive local water ionization from two-step electron-transfer-mediated decay of solvated ions. Nat Chem 2023; 15:1408-1414. [PMID: 37620544 PMCID: PMC10533389 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular radiation damage is largely mediated by radicals and low-energy electrons formed by water ionization rather than by direct ionization of biomolecules. It was speculated that such an extensive, localized water ionization can be caused by ultrafast processes following excitation by core-level ionization of hydrated metal ions. In this model, ions relax via a cascade of local Auger-Meitner and, importantly, non-local charge- and energy-transfer processes involving the water environment. Here, we experimentally and theoretically show that, for solvated paradigmatic intermediate-mass Al3+ ions, electronic relaxation involves two sequential solute-solvent electron transfer-mediated decay processes. The electron transfer-mediated decay steps correspond to sequential relaxation from Al5+ to Al3+ accompanied by formation of four ionized water molecules and two low-energy electrons. Such charge multiplication and the generated highly reactive species are expected to initiate cascades of radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gopakumar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- FS-BIG, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - U Hergenhahn
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Öhrwall
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - S Malerz
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Paris, France
| | - F Trinter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - I Wilkinson
- Institute for Electronic Structure Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Caleman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - E Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - O Björneholm
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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5
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Zhou J, Belina M, Jia S, Xue X, Hao X, Ren X, Slavíček P. Ultrafast Charge and Proton Transfer in Doubly Ionized Ammonia Dimers. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10603-10611. [PMID: 36350084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the ultrafast energy and charge transfer processes between ammonia molecules following ionization reactions initiated by electron impact. Exploring ionization-induced processes in molecular clusters provides us with a detailed insight into the dynamics using experiments in the energy domain. We ionize the ammonia dimer with 200 eV electrons and apply the fragment ions coincident momentum spectroscopy and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations. We identify two mechanisms leading to the doubly charged ammonia dimer. In the first one, a single molecule is ionized. This initiates an ultrafast proton transfer process, leading to the formation of the NH2+ + NH4+ pair. Alternatively, a dimer with a delocalized charge is formed dominantly via the intermolecular Coulombic decay, forming the NH3+·NH3+ dication. This dication further dissociates into two NH3+ cations. The ab initio calculations have reproduced the measured kinetic energy release of the ion pairs and revealed the dynamical processes following the double ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, China
| | - Michal Belina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology,Technická 5, 16628Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Shaokui Jia
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, China
| | - Xiaorui Xue
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, China
| | - Xintai Hao
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, China
| | - Xueguang Ren
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, China
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology,Technická 5, 16628Prague 6, Czech Republic
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6
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Schewe HC, Muchová E, Belina M, Buttersack T, Stemer D, Seidel R, Thürmer S, Slavíček P, Winter B. Observation of intermolecular Coulombic decay and shake-up satellites in liquid ammonia. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2022; 9:044901. [PMID: 35982825 PMCID: PMC9380002 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the first nitrogen 1s Auger-Meitner electron spectrum from a liquid ammonia microjet at a temperature of ∼223 K (-50 °C) and compare it with the simultaneously measured spectrum for gas-phase ammonia. The spectra from both phases are interpreted with the assistance of high-level electronic structure and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations. In addition to the regular Auger-Meitner-electron features, we observe electron emission at kinetic energies of 374-388 eV, above the leading Auger-Meitner peak (3a1 2). Based on the electronic structure calculations, we assign this peak to a shake-up satellite in the gas phase, i.e., Auger-Meitner emission from an intermediate state with additional valence excitation present. The high-energy contribution is significantly enhanced in the liquid phase. We consider various mechanisms contributing to this feature. First, in analogy with other hydrogen-bonded liquids (noticeably water), the high-energy signal may be a signature for an ultrafast proton transfer taking place before the electronic decay (proton transfer mediated charge separation). The ab initio dynamical calculations show, however, that such a process is much slower than electronic decay and is, thus, very unlikely. Next, we consider a non-local version of the Auger-Meitner decay, the Intermolecular Coulombic Decay. The electronic structure calculations support an important contribution of this purely electronic mechanism. Finally, we discuss a non-local enhancement of the shake-up processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanns Christian Schewe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam.2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Belina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Tillmann Buttersack
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Stemer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Thürmer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Bernd Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Hui J, Hu Q, Zhuang G, Hu W, Yu J, Liu Y, Li T, Fan L, Huang J, Wang XL, Zhang X, Ren Y, Wang H. Synchrotron X-Ray-Driven Nitrogen Reduction on an AgCu Thin Film. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202720. [PMID: 35637629 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N2 ) is an essential element for life, but kinetically stable N2 in the atmosphere needs to be reduced to biologically available forms as a nutrient for organisms. Abiotic nitrogen fixation is critical to the origin of life on the early Earth, which is due to lightning or mineral-based reduction. Here, synchrotron X-ray-induced silver nitrate formation on a silver copper (AgCu) thin-film is reported. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements show that under intense X-ray exposure, initially formed silver oxides (AgOx) are quickly converted to silver nitrate (AgNO3 ). Interestingly, AgNO3 is first formed in its high-temperature phase with a space group of R3cH, which gradually transforms to the room temperature phase with a space group of Pbca under continuous X-ray irradiation. The result not only provides a new clue about the abiotic nitrogen reduction prior to life but also demonstrates a novel strategy of materials synthesis using synchrotron X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qingyun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Genmao Zhuang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Jin Yu
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yuzi Liu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tianyi Li
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Longlong Fan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jier Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Xun-Li Wang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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8
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Signorell R, Winter B. Photoionization of the aqueous phase: clusters, droplets and liquid jets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13438-13460. [PMID: 35510623 PMCID: PMC9176186 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This perspective article reviews specific challenges associated with photoemission spectroscopy of bulk liquid water, aqueous solutions, water droplets and water clusters. The main focus lies on retrieving accurate energetics and photoelectron angular information from measured photoemission spectra, and on the question how these quantities differ in different aqueous environments. Measured photoelectron band shapes, vertical binding energies (ionization energies), and photoelectron angular distributions are influenced by various phenomena. We discuss the influences of multiple energy-dependent electron scattering in aqueous environments, and we discuss different energy referencing methods, including the application of a bias voltage to access absolute energetics of solvent and solute. Recommendations how to account for or minimize the influence of electron scattering are provided. The example of the hydrated electron in different aqueous environments illustrates how one can account for electron scattering, while reliable methods addressing parasitic potentials and proper energy referencing are demonstrated for ionization from the outermost valence orbital of neat liquid water. This perspective article reviews specific challenges associated with photoemission spectroscopy of bulk liquid water, aqueous solutions, water droplets and water clusters.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Bernd Winter
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14196 Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Zhou J, Jia S, Skitnevskaya AD, Wang E, Hähnel T, Grigoricheva EK, Xue X, Li JX, Kuleff AI, Dorn A, Ren X. Concerted Double Hydrogen-Bond Breaking by Intermolecular Coulombic Decay in the Formic Acid Dimer. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4272-4279. [PMID: 35522820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds are ubiquitous in nature and of fundamental importance to the chemical and physical properties of molecular systems in the condensed phase. Nevertheless, our understanding of the structural and dynamical properties of hydrogen-bonded complexes in particular in electronic excited states remains very incomplete. Here, by using formic acid (FA) dimer as a prototype of DNA base pair, we investigate the ultrafast decay process initiated by removal of an electron from the inner-valence shell of the molecule upon electron-beam irradiation. Through fragment-ion and electron coincident momentum measurements and ab initio calculations, we find that de-excitation of an outer-valence electron at the same site can initiate ultrafast energy transfer to the neighboring molecule, which is in turn ionized through the emission of low-energy electrons. Our study reveals a concerted breaking of double hydrogen-bond in the dimer initiated by the ultrafast molecular rotations of two FA+ cations following this nonlocal decay mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Shaokui Jia
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Anna D Skitnevskaya
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Enliang Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Theresa Hähnel
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Emma K Grigoricheva
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Xiaorui Xue
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian-Xing Li
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Alexander I Kuleff
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Xueguang Ren
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
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10
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Hui J, Yu J, Luo Y, Hu W, Liu Y, Hu Q, Wang K, Li T, Zhou X, Huang J, Zhang X, Ren Y, Wang H. Synchrotron X-ray-induced Synthesis of Copper Hydroxide Nitrate Nanoplates on Cu Thin Films in an Ambient Atmosphere. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23342-23347. [PMID: 35549025 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron X-rays are widely used for material characterizations. However, they can also ionize atoms and molecules to damage and manipulate probed materials. We report here an X-ray-induced growth of copper hydroxide nitrate, Cu2(OH)3NO3, on copper thin films in the ambient atmosphere without solvents and thermal treatment. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the time-dependent growth process of theCu2(OH)3NO3 is accompanied by the consumption of Cu metal and can be described by a sigmoidal model. The growth rate was reduced after the initial fast growth period. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the isolated islands of Cu2(OH)3NO3 nanoplates formed in the beginning, which grew together with new nanoplates formed under continued X-ray irradiation. The result demonstrated that high-flux synchrotron X-rays may provide an unconventional approach to synthesizing and manipulating materials, which will inspire future investigation both experimentally and theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jin Yu
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yuxi Luo
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Yuzi Liu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Qingyun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kailin Wang
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xinwei Zhou
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jier Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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11
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Suchan J, Kolafa J, Slavíček P. Electron-induced fragmentation of water droplets: Simulation study. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:144303. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0088591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transport of free electrons in a water environment is still poorly understood. We show that additional insight can be brought about by investigating fragmentation patterns of finite-size particles upon electron impact ionization. We have developed a composite protocol aiming to simulate fragmentation of water clusters by electrons with kinetic energies in the range of up to 100 eV. The ionization events for atomistically described molecular clusters are identified by a kinetic Monte Carlo procedure. We subsequently model the fragmentation with classical molecular dynamics simulations, calibrated by non-adiabatic quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations of the ionization process. We consider one-electron ionizations, energy transfer via electronic excitation events, elastic scattering, and also the autoionization events through intermolecular Coulombic decay. The simulations reveal that larger water clusters are often ionized repeatedly, which is the cause of substantial fragmentation. After losing most of its energy, low-energy electrons further contribute to fragmentation by electronic excitations. The simultaneous measurement of cluster size distribution before and after the ionization represents a sensitive measure of the energy transferred into the system by an incident electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Suchan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kolafa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Zhang P, Perry C, Luu TT, Matselyukh D, Wörner HJ. Intermolecular Coulombic Decay in Liquid Water. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:133001. [PMID: 35426704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.133001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) in liquid water following inner-valence ionization. By combining a monochromatized tabletop high-harmonic source with a liquid microjet, we record electron-electron coincidence spectra at two photon energies that identify the ICD electrons, together with the photoelectrons originating from the 2a_{1} inner-valence band of liquid water. Our results confirm the importance of ICD as a source of low-energy electrons in bulk liquid water and provide quantitative results for modeling the velocity distribution of the slow electrons that are thought to dominate radiation damage in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Zhang
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Conaill Perry
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tran Trung Luu
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, SAR Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Danylo Matselyukh
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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13
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Thürmer S, Malerz S, Trinter F, Hergenhahn U, Lee C, Neumark DM, Meijer G, Winter B, Wilkinson I. Accurate vertical ionization energy and work function determinations of liquid water and aqueous solutions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10558-10582. [PMID: 34447550 PMCID: PMC8356740 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01908b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The absolute-scale electronic energetics of liquid water and aqueous solutions, both in the bulk and at associated interfaces, are the central determiners of water-based chemistry. However, such information is generally experimentally inaccessible. Here we demonstrate that a refined implementation of the liquid microjet photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) technique can be adopted to address this. Implementing concepts from condensed matter physics, we establish novel all-liquid-phase vacuum and equilibrated solution–metal-electrode Fermi level referencing procedures. This enables the precise and accurate determination of previously elusive water solvent and solute vertical ionization energies, VIEs. Notably, this includes quantification of solute-induced perturbations of water's electronic energetics and VIE definition on an absolute and universal chemical potential scale. Defining and applying these procedures over a broad range of ionization energies, we accurately and respectively determine the VIE and oxidative stability of liquid water as 11.33 ± 0.03 eV and 6.60 ± 0.08 eV with respect to its liquid-vacuum-interface potential and Fermi level. Combining our referencing schemes, we accurately determine the work function of liquid water as 4.73 ± 0.09 eV. Further, applying our novel approach to a pair of exemplary aqueous solutions, we extract absolute VIEs of aqueous iodide anions, reaffirm the robustness of liquid water's electronic structure to high bulk salt concentrations (2 M sodium iodide), and quantify reference-level dependent reductions of water's VIE and a 0.48 ± 0.13 eV contraction of the solution's work function upon partial hydration of a known surfactant (25 mM tetrabutylammonium iodide). Our combined experimental accomplishments mark a major advance in our ability to quantify electronic–structure interactions and chemical reactivity in liquid water, which now explicitly extends to the measurement of absolute-scale bulk and interfacial solution energetics, including those of relevance to aqueous electrochemical processes. A generalised liquid-phase photoelectron spectroscopy approach is reported, allowing accurate, absolute energy scale ionisation energies of liquid water and aqueous solutions, as well as liquid water's work function to be reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Thürmer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Sebastian Malerz
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Florian Trinter
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany .,Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Chin Lee
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany .,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Department of Locally-Sensitive & Time-Resolved Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 14109 Berlin Germany
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14
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Hans A, Schmidt P, Küstner-Wetekam C, Trinter F, Deinert S, Bloß D, Viehmann JH, Schaf R, Gerstel M, Saak CM, Buck J, Klumpp S, Hartmann G, Cederbaum LS, Kryzhevoi NV, Knie A. Suppression of X-ray-Induced Radiation Damage to Biomolecules in Aqueous Environments by Immediate Intermolecular Decay of Inner-Shell Vacancies. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7146-7150. [PMID: 34297572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The predominant reason for the damaging power of high-energy radiation is multiple ionization of a molecule, either direct or via the decay of highly excited intermediates, as, e.g., in the case of X-ray irradiation. Consequently, the molecule is irreparably damaged by the subsequent fragmentation in a Coulomb explosion. In an aqueous environment, however, it has been observed that irradiated molecules may be saved from fragmentation presumably by charge and energy dissipation mechanisms. Here, we show that the protective effect of the environment sets in even earlier than hitherto expected, namely immediately after single inner-shell ionization. By combining coincidence measurements of the fragmentation of X-ray-irradiated microsolvated pyrimidine molecules with theoretical calculations, we identify direct intermolecular electronic decay as the protective mechanism, outrunning the usually dominant Auger decay. Our results demonstrate that such processes play a key role in charge delocalization and have to be considered in investigations and models on high-energy radiation damage in realistic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hans
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Philipp Schmidt
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Catmarna Küstner-Wetekam
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Florian Trinter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Deinert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dana Bloß
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Johannes H Viehmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schaf
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Miriam Gerstel
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Clara M Saak
- Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Buck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Klumpp
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Hartmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - André Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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15
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Wang E, Ren X, Dorn A. Role of the Environment in Quenching the Production of H_{3}^{+} from Dicationic Clusters of Methanol. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:103402. [PMID: 33784146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.103402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionization and subsequent isomerization of organic molecules has been suggested as an important source of trihydrogen H_{3}^{+} cations in outer space. The high interest in such reactions has initiated many experimental and theoretical studies for various molecules. Here, we report measurements as well as ab initio molecular dynamics simulations on the fragmentation of dicationic methanol monomers and clusters ionized by low-energy (90 eV) electrons. Experimentally, for dicationic monomers, a fragmentation channel for the formation of H_{3}^{+} in coincidence with a COH^{+} cation is observed. The simulations show that an intermediate neutral H_{2} is formed in the first step, and its roaming around the dication ends in the formation of H_{3}^{+}. The entire reaction takes about 100-500 fs. The calculated kinetic energy release for the H_{3}^{+}+COH^{+} ion pair is in excellent agreement with the experimental result. In contrast, for the dicationic clusters, due to the possibility of distributing the two charges onto different molecules, several fast dissociation channels occur and suppress the roaming of H_{2} and formation of H_{3}^{+}. The present Letter suggests that the quenching of H_{3}^{+} formation by the chemical environment is a general phenomenon in dicationic clusters of organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enliang Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xueguang Ren
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Jahnke T, Hergenhahn U, Winter B, Dörner R, Frühling U, Demekhin PV, Gokhberg K, Cederbaum LS, Ehresmann A, Knie A, Dreuw A. Interatomic and Intermolecular Coulombic Decay. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11295-11369. [PMID: 33035051 PMCID: PMC7596762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interatomic or intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) is a nonlocal electronic decay mechanism occurring in weakly bound matter. In an ICD process, energy released by electronic relaxation of an excited atom or molecule leads to ionization of a neighboring one via Coulombic electron interactions. ICD has been predicted theoretically in the mid nineties of the last century, and its existence has been confirmed experimentally approximately ten years later. Since then, a number of fundamental and applied aspects have been studied in this quickly growing field of research. This review provides an introduction to ICD and draws the connection to related energy transfer and ionization processes. The theoretical approaches for the description of ICD as well as the experimental techniques developed and employed for its investigation are described. The existing body of literature on experimental and theoretical studies of ICD processes in different atomic and molecular systems is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Jahnke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrike Frühling
- Institut für Experimentalphysik and Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Kirill Gokhberg
- Physical-Chemistry Institute, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Physical-Chemistry Institute, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arno Ehresmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - André Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Ultrafast structural rearrangement dynamics induced by the photodetachment of phenoxide in aqueous solution. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2944. [PMID: 31270331 PMCID: PMC6610110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10989-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The elementary processes that accompany the interaction of ionizing radiation with biologically relevant molecules are of fundamental importance. However, the ultrafast structural rearrangement dynamics induced by the ionization of biomolecules in aqueous solution remain hitherto unknown. Here, we employ femtosecond optical pump-probe spectroscopy to elucidate the vibrational wave packet dynamics that follow the photodetachment of phenoxide, a structural mimic of tyrosine, in aqueous solution. Photodetachment of phenoxide leads to wave packet dynamics of the phenoxyl radical along 12 different vibrational modes. Eight of the modes are totally symmetric and support structural rearrangement upon electron ejection. Comparison to a previous photodetachment study of phenoxide in the gas phase reveals the important role played by the solvent environment in driving ultrafast structural reorganization induced by ionizing radiation. This work provides insight into the ultrafast molecular dynamics that follow the interaction of ionizing radiation with molecules in aqueous solution. The interaction of biomolecules with ionizing radiation induces structural changes which are still largely unknown. The authors use femtosecond wave packet spectroscopy to observe ultrafast structural dynamics that follow the photodetachment of phenoxide in aqueous solution.
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18
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Pohl MN, Muchová E, Seidel R, Ali H, Sršeň Š, Wilkinson I, Winter B, Slavíček P. Do water's electrons care about electrolytes? Chem Sci 2019; 10:848-865. [PMID: 30774880 PMCID: PMC6346409 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03381a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ions have a profound effect on the geometrical structure of liquid water and an aqueous environment is known to change the electronic structure of ions. Here we combine photoelectron spectroscopy measurements from liquid microjets with molecular dynamical and quantum chemical calculations to address the reverse question, to what extent do ions affect the electronic structure of liquid water? We study aqueous solutions of sodium iodide (NaI) over a wide concentration range, from nearly pure water to 8 M solutions, recording spectra in the 5 to 60 eV binding energy range to include all water valence and the solute Na+ 2p, I- 4d, and I- 5p orbital ionization peaks. We observe that the electron binding energies of the solute ions change only slightly as a function of electrolyte concentration, less than 150 ± 60 meV over an ∼8 M range. Furthermore, the photoelectron spectrum of liquid water is surprisingly mildly affected as we transform the sample from a dilute aqueous salt solution to a viscous, crystalline-like phase. The most noticeable spectral changes are a negative binding energy shift of the water 1b2 ionizing transition (up to -370 ± 60 meV) and a narrowing of the flat-top shape water 3a1 ionization feature (up to 450 ± 90 meV). A novel computationally efficient technique is introduced to calculate liquid-state photoemission spectra using small clusters from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations embedded in dielectric continuum. This theoretical treatment captured the characteristic positions and structures of the aqueous photoemission peaks, reproducing the experimentally observed narrowing of the water 3a1 feature and weak sensitivity of the water binding energies to electrolyte concentration. The calculations allowed us to attribute the small binding energy shifts to ion-induced disruptions of intermolecular electronic interactions. Furthermore, they demonstrate the importance of considering concentration-dependent screening lengths for a correct description of the electronic structure of solvated systems. Accounting for electronic screening, the calculations highlight the minimal effect of electrolyte concentration on the 1b1 binding energy reference, in accord with the experiments. This leads us to a key finding that the isolated, lowest-binding-energy, 1b1, photoemission feature of liquid water is a robust energetic reference for aqueous liquid microjet photoemission studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin N Pohl
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany .
- Fachbereich Physik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic .
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 , D-14109 Berlin , Germany .
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Department of Chemistry , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Hebatallah Ali
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany .
- Fachbereich Physik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Štěpán Sršeň
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic .
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 , D-14109 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Bernd Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic .
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19
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Xu S, Guo D, Ma X, Zhu X, Feng W, Yan S, Zhao D, Gao Y, Zhang S, Ren X, Zhao Y, Xu Z, Dorn A, Cederbaum LS, Kryzhevoi NV. Damaging Intermolecular Energy and Proton Transfer Processes in Alpha-Particle-Irradiated Hydrogen-Bonded Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:17023-17027. [PMID: 30417968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the biological hazard of alpha-particle radiation is well-recognized, the molecular mechanisms of biodamage are still far from being understood. Irreparable lesions in biomolecules may not only have mechanical origin but also appear due to various electronic and nuclear relaxation processes of ionized states produced by an alpha-particle impact. Two such processes were identified in the present study by considering an acetylene dimer, a biologically relevant system possessing an intermolecular hydrogen bond. The first process is the already well-established intermolecular Coulombic decay of inner-valence-ionized states. The other is a novel relaxation mechanism of dicationic states involving intermolecular proton transfer. Both processes are very fast and trigger Coulomb explosion of the dimer due to creation of charge-separated states. These processes are general and predicted to occur also in alpha-particle-irradiated nucleobase pairs in DNA molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyue Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road 28, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Dalong Guo
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinwen Ma
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wentian Feng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shuncheng Yan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road 509, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xueguang Ren
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road 28, Xi'an, 710049, China.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yongtao Zhao
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road 28, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhongfeng Xu
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road 28, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Xu S, Guo D, Ma X, Zhu X, Feng W, Yan S, Zhao D, Gao Y, Zhang S, Ren X, Zhao Y, Xu Z, Dorn A, Cederbaum LS, Kryzhevoi NV. Damaging Intermolecular Energy and Proton Transfer Processes in Alpha‐Particle‐Irradiated Hydrogen‐Bonded Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenyue Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
- School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28 Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Dalong Guo
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xinwen Ma
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wentian Feng
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Shuncheng Yan
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanchang Road 509 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xueguang Ren
- School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28 Xi'an 710049 China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 1 69117 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Yongtao Zhao
- School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28 Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Zhongfeng Xu
- School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28 Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 1 69117 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lorenz S. Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nikolai V. Kryzhevoi
- Theoretische Chemie Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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21
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Richter C, Hollas D, Saak CM, Förstel M, Miteva T, Mucke M, Björneholm O, Sisourat N, Slavíček P, Hergenhahn U. Competition between proton transfer and intermolecular Coulombic decay in water. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4988. [PMID: 30478319 PMCID: PMC6255891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) is a ubiquitous relaxation channel of electronically excited states in weakly bound systems, ranging from dimers to liquids. As it is driven by electron correlation, it was assumed that it will dominate over more established energy loss mechanisms, for example fluorescence. Here, we use electron-electron coincidence spectroscopy to determine the efficiency of the ICD process after 2a1 ionization in water clusters. We show that this efficiency is surprisingly low for small water clusters and that it gradually increases to 40-50% for clusters with hundreds of water units. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that proton transfer between neighboring water molecules proceeds on the same timescale as ICD and leads to a configuration in which the ICD channel is closed. This conclusion is further supported by experimental results from deuterated water. Combining experiment and theory, we infer an intrinsic ICD lifetime of 12-52 fs for small water clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Richter
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Hollas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Clara-Magdalena Saak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marko Förstel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Institute for Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tsveta Miteva
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Melanie Mucke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olle Björneholm
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Sisourat
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491, Greifswald, Germany.
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22
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Chalabala J, Uhlig F, Slavíček P. Assessment of Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (RT-TDDFT) in Radiation Chemistry: Ionized Water Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2018. [PMID: 29513531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ionization in the condensed phase and molecular clusters leads to a complicated chain of processes with coupled electron-nuclear dynamics. It is difficult to describe such dynamics with conventional nonadiabatic molecular dynamics schemes since the number of states swiftly increases as the molecular system grows. It is therefore attractive to use a direct electron and nuclear propagation such as the real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT). Here we report a RT-TDDFT benchmark study on simulations of singly and doubly ionized states of a water monomer and dimer as a prototype for more complex processes in a condensed phase. We employed the RT-TDDFT based Ehrenfest molecular dynamics with a generalized gradient approximate (GGA) functional and compared it with wave-function-based surface hopping (SH) simulations. We found that the initial dynamics of a singly HOMO ionized water dimer is similar for both the RT-TDDFT/GGA and the SH simulations but leads to completely different reaction channels on a longer time scale. This failure is attributed to the self-interaction error in the GGA functionals and it can be avoided by using hybrid functionals with large fraction of exact exchange (represented here by the BHandHLYP functional). The simulations of doubly ionized states are reasonably described already at the GGA level. This suggests that the RT-TDDFT/GGA method could describe processes following the autoionization processes such as Auger emission, while its applicability to more complex processes such as intermolecular Coulombic decay remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Chalabala
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Frank Uhlig
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic.,Institute for Computational Physics , University of Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic.,Jaroslav Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Dolejškova 3 , 18200 Prague , Czech Republic
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23
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Matsuoka T, Takatsuka K. Nonadiabatic electron wavepacket dynamics behind molecular autoionization. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:014106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Matsuoka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takatsuka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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24
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Céolin D, Kryzhevoi NV, Nicolas C, Pokapanich W, Choksakulporn S, Songsiriritthigul P, Saisopa T, Rattanachai Y, Utsumi Y, Palaudoux J, Öhrwall G, Rueff JP. Ultrafast Charge Transfer Processes Accompanying KLL Auger Decay in Aqueous KCl Solution. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:263003. [PMID: 29328710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.263003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
X-ray photoelectron and KLL Auger spectra were measured for the K^{+} and Cl^{-} ions in aqueous KCl solution. While the XPS spectra of these ions have similar structures, both exhibiting only weak satellites near the main line, the Auger spectra differ dramatically. Contrary to the chloride case, a very strong extra peak was found in the Auger spectrum of K^{+} at the low kinetic energy side of the ^{1}D state. Using the equivalent core model and ab initio calculations this spectral feature was assigned to electron transfer processes from solvent water molecules to the solvated cation. The observed charge transfer processes are suggested to play an important role in charge redistribution following single and multiple core-hole creation in atoms and molecules placed into environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - N V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ch Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - W Pokapanich
- Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000 Thailand
| | - S Choksakulporn
- Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000 Thailand
| | - P Songsiriritthigul
- NANOTEC-SUT Center of Excellence on Advanced Functional Nanomaterials and School of Physics, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - T Saisopa
- NANOTEC-SUT Center of Excellence on Advanced Functional Nanomaterials and School of Physics, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Y Rattanachai
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Y Utsumi
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J Palaudoux
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - G Öhrwall
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J-P Rueff
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
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25
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Pohl MN, Richter C, Lugovoy E, Seidel R, Slavíček P, Aziz EF, Abel B, Winter B, Hergenhahn U. Sensitivity of Electron Transfer Mediated Decay to Ion Pairing. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:7709-7714. [PMID: 28696722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ion pairing in electrolyte solutions remains a topic of discussion despite a long history of research. Very recently, nearest-neighbor mediated electronic de-excitation processes of core hole vacancies (electron transfer mediated decay, ETMD) were proposed to carry a spectral fingerprint of local solvation structure and in particular of contact ion pairs. Here, for the first time, we apply electron-electron coincidence detection to a liquid microjet, and record ETMD spectra of Li 1s vacancies in aqueous solutions of lithium chloride (LiCl) in direct comparison to lithium acetate (LiOAc). A change in the ETMD spectrum dependent on the electrolyte anion identity is observed for 4.5 M salt concentration. We discuss these findings within the framework of the formation and presence of contact ion pairs and the unique sensitivity of ETMD spectroscopy to ion pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin N Pohl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development , Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens Richter
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (HZB-IOM Joint-Photonic Lab) , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evgeny Lugovoy
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (HZB-IOM Joint-Photonic Lab) , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development , Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Emad F Aziz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development , Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,School of Chemistry, Monash University , 3800 Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (HZB-IOM Joint-Photonic Lab) , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.,Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Leipzig , Linnéstr. 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development , Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (HZB-IOM Joint-Photonic Lab) , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics , Wendelsteinstr. 1, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
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26
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Seidel R, Pohl MN, Ali H, Winter B, Aziz EF. Advances in liquid phase soft-x-ray photoemission spectroscopy: A new experimental setup at BESSY II. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:073107. [PMID: 28764540 DOI: 10.1063/1.4990797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A state-of-the-art experimental setup for soft X-ray photo- and Auger-electron spectroscopy from liquid phase has been built for operation at the synchrotron-light facility BESSY II, Berlin. The experimental station is named SOL3, which is derived from solid, solution, and solar, and refers to the aim of studying solid-liquid interfaces, optionally irradiated by photons in the solar spectrum. SOL3 is equipped with a high-transmission hemispherical electron analyzer for detecting electrons emitted from small molecular aggregates, nanoparticles, or biochemical molecules and their components in (aqueous) solutions, either in vacuum or in an ambient pressure environment. In addition to conventional energy-resolved electron detection, SOL3 enables detection of electron angular distributions by the combination of a ±11° acceptance angle of the electron analyzer and a rotation of the analyzer in the polarization plane of the incoming synchrotron-light beam. The present manuscript describes the technical features of SOL3, and we also report the very first measurements of soft-X-ray photoemission spectra from a liquid microjet of neat liquid water and of TiO2-nanoparticle aqueous solution obtained with this new setup, highlighting the necessity for state-of-the-art electron detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marvin N Pohl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hebatallah Ali
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emad F Aziz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Hollas D, Pohl MN, Seidel R, Aziz EF, Slavíček P, Winter B. Aqueous Solution Chemistry of Ammonium Cation in the Auger Time Window. Sci Rep 2017; 7:756. [PMID: 28389650 PMCID: PMC5429669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on chemical reactions triggered by core-level ionization of ammonium ([Formula: see text]) cation in aqueous solution. Based on a combination of photoemission experiments from a liquid microjet and high-level ab initio simulations, we identified simultaneous single and double proton transfer occurring on a very short timescale spanned by the Auger-decay lifetime. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the proton transfer to a neighboring water molecule leads to essentially complete formation of H3O+ (aq) and core-ionized ammonia [Formula: see text](aq) within the ~7 fs lifetime of the nitrogen 1s core hole. A second proton transfer leads to a transient structure with the proton shared between the remaining NH2 moiety and another water molecule in the hydration shell. These ultrafast proton transfers are stimulated by very strong hydrogen bonds between the ammonium cation and water. Experimentally, the proton transfer dynamics is identified from an emerging signal at the high-kinetic energy side of the Auger-electron spectrum in analogy to observations made for other hydrogen-bonded aqueous solutions. The present study represents the most pronounced charge separation observed upon core ionization in liquids so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hollas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marvin N Pohl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-141595, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emad F Aziz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 3800 Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic.
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dolejškova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany.
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Hans A, Ozga C, Seidel R, Schmidt P, Ueltzhöffer T, Holzapfel X, Wenzel P, Reiß P, Pohl MN, Unger I, Aziz EF, Ehresmann A, Slavíček P, Winter B, Knie A. Optical Fluorescence Detected from X-ray Irradiated Liquid Water. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:2326-2330. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hans
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Christian Ozga
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Schmidt
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Timo Ueltzhöffer
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Xaver Holzapfel
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Philip Wenzel
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Philipp Reiß
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Marvin N. Pohl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Isaak Unger
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emad F. Aziz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- School
of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Arno Ehresmann
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Knie
- University of Kassel and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
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29
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Unger I, Seidel R, Thürmer S, Pohl MN, Aziz EF, Cederbaum LS, Muchová E, Slavíček P, Winter B, Kryzhevoi NV. Observation of electron-transfer-mediated decay in aqueous solution. Nat Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Kryzhevoi NV. Microhydration of LiOH: Insight from electronic decays of core-ionized states. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:244302. [PMID: 27369510 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compute and compare the autoionization spectra of a core-ionized LiOH molecule both in its isolated and microhydrated states. Stepwise microhydration of LiOH leads to gradual elongation of the Li-OH bond length and finally to molecular dissociation. The accompanying changes in the local environment of the OH(-) and Li(+) counterions are reflected in the computed O 1s and Li 1s spectra. The role of solvent water molecules and the counterion in the spectral shape formation is assessed. Electronic decays of the microhydrated LiOH are found to be mostly intermolecular since the majority of the populated final states have at least one outer-valence vacancy outside the initially core-ionized ion, mainly on a neighboring water molecule. The charge delocalization occurs through the intermolecular Coulombic and electron transfer mediated decays. Both mechanisms are highly efficient that is partly attributed to hybridization of molecular orbitals. The computed spectral shapes are sensitive to the counterion separation as well as to the number and arrangement of solvent molecules. These sensitivities can be used for studying the local hydration structure of solvated ions in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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31
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Slavíček P, Kryzhevoi NV, Aziz EF, Winter B. Relaxation Processes in Aqueous Systems upon X-ray Ionization: Entanglement of Electronic and Nuclear Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:234-243. [PMID: 26712083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of primary processes following the interaction of high-energy radiation with molecules in liquid phase is rather limited. In the present Perspective, we report on a newly discovered type of relaxation process involving simultaneous autoionization and proton transfer between adjacent molecules, so-called proton transfer mediated charge separation (PTM-CS) process. Within PTM-CS, transients with a half-transferred proton are formed within a few femtoseconds after the core-level ionization event. Subsequent nonradiative decay of the highly nonequilibrium transients leads to a series of reactive species, which have not been considered in any high-energy radiation process in water. Nonlocal electronic decay processes are surprisingly accelerated upon proton dynamics. Such strong coupling of electronic and nuclear dynamics is a general phenomenon for hydrogen-bonded systems, however, its probability correlates strongly with hydration geometry. We suggest that the newly observed processes will impact future high-energy radiation-chemistry-relevant modeling, and we envision application of autoionization spectroscopy for identification of solution structure details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology , Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolai V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emad F Aziz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development , Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, D-14159 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development , Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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32
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The role of metal ions in X-ray-induced photochemistry. Nat Chem 2016; 8:237-41. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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33
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Unger I, Hollas D, Seidel R, Thürmer S, Aziz EF, Slavíček P, Winter B. Control of X-ray Induced Electron and Nuclear Dynamics in Ammonia and Glycine Aqueous Solution via Hydrogen Bonding. J Phys Chem B 2015. [PMID: 26225896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaak Unger
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Hollas
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická
5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Thürmer
- Department
of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Emad F. Aziz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14159 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická
5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Methods for Material Development, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Fasshauer E, Kolorenč P, Pernpointner M. Relativistic decay widths of autoionization processes: The relativistic FanoADC-Stieltjes method. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:144106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4917255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Fasshauer
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø–The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Přemysl Kolorenč
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Pernpointner
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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