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Li T, Heng Y, Wang D, Hou G, Zi G, Ding W, Walter MD. Uranium versus Thorium: A Case Study on a Base-Free Terminal Uranium Imido Metallocene. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9487-9510. [PMID: 38048266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The structure of and bonding in two base-free terminal actinide imido metallocenes, [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2An═N(p-tolyl) (An = U (1), Th (1')) are compared and connected to their individual reactivity. While structurally rather similar, the U(IV) derivative 1 is slightly more sterically crowded. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) studies imply that the 5f orbital contribution to the bonding within the individual actinide imido An═N(p-tolyl) moieties is significantly larger for 1 than for 1', which makes the bonds between the [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2U2+ and [(p-tolyl)N]2- fragments more covalent. Therefore, steric and electronic factors impact the reactivity of these imido complexes. For example, complex 1 is inert toward internal alkynes, but it readily forms Lewis base adducts [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2U═N(p-tolyl)(L) (L = OPMe3 (6), dmap (9), PhCN (14), and 2,6-Me2PhNC (17)) with Me3PO, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (dmap), nitrile, PhCN, or isonitrile 2,6-Me2PhNC. It may also react as a nucleophile or undergo a [2 + 2] cycloaddition with CS2, isothiocyanates, thio-ketones, ketones, lactides, and acyl nitriles, forming the four- or five-membered metallaheteroacycles, terminal sulfido, or oxido complexes, and cyanide amidate complexes, respectively. In contrast, after the addition of aldehyde p-tolylCHO, the tetranuclear complex [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]4[OCH(p-tolyl)CH(p-tolyl)O]2U4O4 (10) is isolated. However, while 1 is unreactive toward dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), an equilibrium exists in benzene solution between N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), 1, and the four-membered metallaheterocycle [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2U[N(p-tolyl)C(═NiPr)N(iPr)] (12). Furthermore, 1 may also engage in single- and two-electron transfer processes. It is singly oxidized by Ph3CN3, CuI, Ph2S2, and Ph2Se2, yielding the uranium(V) imido complexes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2U═N(p-tolyl)(X) (X = N3 (20), I (22), PhS (23), and PhSe (24)), or is doubly oxidized by organic azides (RN3) and 9-diazofluorene, forming the uranium(VI) bis-imido metallocenes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2U═N(p-tolyl)(=NR) (R = p-tolyl (18), mesityl (19)) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2]2U=N(p-tolyl)[=NN=(9-C13H8)] (21), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yi Heng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wanjian Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Li T, Wang D, Heng Y, Hou G, Zi G, Walter MD. Reactivity of a Lewis base-supported uranium terminal imido metallocene towards small molecules. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13618-13630. [PMID: 37698550 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02165c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The Lewis base-supported uranium terminal imido metallocene [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(dmap) (1) readily reacts with various small molecules such as internal alkynes, isothiocyanates, thioketones, amidates, organic nitriles and imines, chlorosilanes, copper iodide, diphenyl disulfide, organic azides and diazoalkane derivatives. For example, treatment of 1 with PhCCCCPh and PhNCS forms metallaheterocycles originating from a [2 + 2] cycloaddition to yield [η5-1-(p-tolyl)NC(Ph)CHCC(Ph)CH2Si(Me)2-2,4-(Me3Si)2C5H2][η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]U (2) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[N(p-tolyl)C(NPh)S](dmap) (3), respectively. The reaction of 1 with the thioketone Ph2CS forms the known uranium sulfido complex [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2US(dmap) (4), which reacts with a second molecule of Ph2CS to give the disulfido compound [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U(S2CPh2) (5). The imido moiety also promotes deprotonation reactions as illustrated in the reactions with the amide PhCONH(p-tolyl), the nitrile PhCH2CN and the imine (p-tolyl)2CNH to form the bis-amidate [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[OC(Ph)N(p-tolyl)]2 (7), and the iminato complexes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[N(p-tolyl)C(CH2Ph)NH](NCCHPh) (8) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[NH(p-tolyl)][NC(p-tolyl)2] (9), respectively. Addition of PhSiH2Cl to 1 yields [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U(Cl)[N(p-tolyl)SiH2Ph] (10). In contrast, the uranium(V) imido complexes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(I) (11) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(SPh) (12), may be isolated upon addition of CuI or Ph2S2 to 1, respectively. Uranium(VI) bis-imido metallocenes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(NR) (R = p-tolyl (13), mesityl (14)) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)[NN(9-C13H8)] (15) are accessible from 1 on exposure to RN3 (R = p-tolyl, mesityl) and 9-diazofluorene, respectively. Complexes 2, 3, 5, and 7-15 were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and, in addition, compounds 2, 3, 5, and 7-13 were structurally authenticated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yi Heng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Uranyl Analogue Complexes—Current Progress and Synthetic Challenges. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10080121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uranyl ions, {UO2}n+ (n = 1, 2), display trans, strongly covalent, and chemically robust U-O multiple bonds, where 6d, 5f, and 6p orbitals play important roles. The synthesis of isoelectronic analogues of uranyl has been of interest for quite some time, mainly with the purpose of unveiling covalence and 5f-orbital participation in bonding. Significant advances have occurred in the last two decades, initially marked by the synthesis of uranium(VI) bis(imido) complexes, the first analogues with a {RNUNR}2+ core, later followed by the synthesis of unique trans-{EUO}2+ (E = S, Se) complexes, and recently highlighted by the synthesis of the first complexes featuring a linear {NUN} moiety. This review covers the synthesis, structure, bonding, and reactivity of uranium complexes containing a linear {EUE}n+ core (n = 0, 1, 2), isoelectronic to uranyl ions, {OUO}n+ (n = 1, 2), incorporating σ- and π-donating ligands that can engage in uranium–ligand multiple bonding, where oxygen may be replaced by heavier chalcogenido, imido, nitride, and carbene ligands, or by a transition metal. It focuses on synthetic methods of well-defined molecular uranium species in the condensed phase but also references gas-phase and low-temperature-matrix experiments, as well as computational studies that may lead to valuable insights.
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Maria L, Bandeira NAG, Marçalo J, Santos IC, Ferreira ASD, Ascenso JR. Experimental and Computational Study of a Tetraazamacrocycle Bis(aryloxide) Uranyl Complex and of the Analogues {E═U═NR} 2+ (E = O and NR). Inorg Chem 2021; 61:346-356. [PMID: 34898186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [U(κ6-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})I][I] (H2{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam} = 1,8-bis(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl)-4,11-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) with 2 equiv of NaNO2 in acetonitrile results in the isolation of the uranyl complex [UO2{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam}] (3) in 31% yield, which was fully characterized, including by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were performed to evaluate and compare the level of covalency within the U═E bonds in 3 and in the analogous trans-bis(imido) [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(NPh)2] (1) and trans-oxido-imido [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(O)(NPh)] (2) complexes. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis allowed us to determine the mixing covalency parameter λ, showing that in 2, where both U-Ooxido and U-Nimido bonds are present, the U-Nimido bond registers more covalency with regard to 1, and the opposite is seen for U-Ooxido with respect to 3. However, the covalency driven by orbital overlap in the U-Nimido bond is slightly higher in 1 than in 2. The 15N-labeled complexes [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(15NPh)2] (1-15N) and [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(O)(15NPh)] (2-15N) were prepared and analyzed by solution 15N NMR spectroscopy. The calculated and experimental 15N chemical shifts are in good agreement, displaying the same trend of δN (1-15N) > δN (2-15N) and reveal that the 15N chemical shift may serve as a probe for the covalency of the U═NR bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Maria
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Nuno A G Bandeira
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Ana S D Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry/Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José R Ascenso
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-049 Lisboa, Portugal
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Zhizhko PA, Bushkov NS, Pichugov AV, Zarubin DN. Oxo/imido heterometathesis: From molecular stoichiometric studies to well-defined heterogeneous catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ward RJ, Del Rosal I, Chirdon DN, Kelley SP, Tarlton ML, Maron L, Walensky JR. Two-Electron Reduction of a U(VI) Complex with Al(C 5Me 5). Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16137-16142. [PMID: 33095563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) is rare, especially in one step, and not observed electrochemically as a one-wave, two-electron couple. Here, we demonstrate that reduction of the uranium(VI) bis(imido) complex, (C5Me5)2U[═N(4-OiPrC6H4)]2, is readily accomplished with Al(C5Me5), forming the bridging uranium(IV)/aluminum(III) imido complex (C5Me5)2U[μ2-N(4-OiPrC6H4)]2Al(C5Me5). The structure and bonding of the bridging imido complex is examined with electrochemical measurements in tandem with density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- Universite de Toulouse and CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - Danielle N Chirdon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Michael L Tarlton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- Universite de Toulouse and CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - Justin R Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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Cobb PJ, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST. A Uranium(VI)-Oxo-Imido Dimer Complex Derived from a Sterically Demanding Triamidoamine. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10034-10041. [PMID: 32602709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [UO2(μ-Cl)4{K(18-crown-6)}2] with [{N(CH2CH2NSiPri3)3}Li3] gives [{UO(μ-NCH2CH2N[CH2CH2NSiPri3]2)}2] (1), [{(LiCl)(KCl)(18-crown-6)}2] (2), and [LiOSiPri3] (3) in a 1:2:2 ratio. The formation of the oxo-imido 1 involves the cleavage of a N-Si bond and the activation of one of the usually robust U═O bonds of uranyl(VI), resulting in the formation of uranium(VI)-imido and siloxide linkages. Notably, the uranium oxidation state remains unchanged at +6 in the starting material and product. Structural characterization suggests the dominance of a core RN═U═O group, and the dimeric formulation of 1 is supported by bridging imido linkages in a highly asymmetric U2N2 ring. Density functional theory analyses find a σ > π orbital energy ordering for the U═N and U═O bonds in 1, which is uranyl-like in nature. Complexes 1-3 were characterized variously by single crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR, IR, Raman, and optical spectroscopies; cyclic voltammetry; and density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Cobb
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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Ward RJ, Rungthanaphatsophon P, Del Rosal I, Kelley SP, Maron L, Walensky JR. Divergent uranium- versus phosphorus-based reduction of Me 3SiN 3 with steric modification of phosphido ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5830-5835. [PMID: 34094084 PMCID: PMC8159289 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02261f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an example of a two-electron metal- and ligand-based reduction of Me3SiN3 using uranium(iv) complexes with varying steric properties. Reaction of (C5Me5)2U(CH3)[P(SiMe3)(Ph)] with Me3SiN3 produces the imidophosphorane complex, (C5Me5)2U(CH3)[N
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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P(SiMe3)2(Ph)] through oxidation of phosphorus. However, a similar reaction with a more sterically encumbering phosphido ligand, (C5Me5)2U(CH3)[P(SiMe3)(Mes)] forms the U(iv) complex, (C5Me5)2U[κ2-(N,N)–N(SiMe3)P(Mes)N(SiMe3)]. In probing the mechanism of this reaction, a U(vi) bis(imido) complex, (C5Me5)2U(NSiMe3){N[P(SiMe3)(Mes)]} was isolated. DFT calculations show an intramolecular reductive cycloaddition reaction leads to the formation of the U(iv) bis(amido)phosphane from the U(vi) bis(imido) complex. This is a rare example of the isolation of a reaction intermediate in f element chemistry. We describe an example of a two-electron metal- and ligand-based reduction of Me3SiN3 using uranium(iv) complexes with varying steric properties. With uranium-based reduction, a U(vi) intermediate is isolated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
| | | | - Iker Del Rosal
- Universite de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR, UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Ranguiel 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
| | - Laurent Maron
- Universite de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR, UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Ranguiel 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Justin R Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA
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Maria L, Bandeira NAG, Marçalo J, Santos IC, Gibson JK. CO 2 conversion to phenyl isocyanates by uranium(vi) bis(imido) complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:431-434. [PMID: 31825029 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07411b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Uranium(vi) trans-bis(imido) complexes [U(κ4-{(tBu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(NPh)(NPhR)] react with CO2 to eliminate phenyl isocyanates and afford uranium(vi) trans-[O[double bond, length as m-dash]U[double bond, length as m-dash]NR]2+ complexes, including [U(κ4-{(tBu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(NPh)(O)] that was crystallographically characterized. DFT studies indicate that the reaction proceeds by endergonic formation of a cycloaddition intermediate; the secondary reaction to form a dioxo uranyl complex is both thermodynamically and kinetically hindered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Maria
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal.
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Du J, King DM, Chatelain L, Lu E, Tuna F, McInnes EJL, Wooles AJ, Maron L, Liddle ST. Thorium- and uranium-azide reductions: a transient dithorium-nitride versus isolable diuranium-nitrides. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3738-3745. [PMID: 30996964 PMCID: PMC6446963 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05473h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular uranium-nitrides are now well known, but there are no isolable molecular thorium-nitrides outside of cryogenic matrix isolation experiments. We report that treatment of [M(TrenDMBS)(I)] (M = U, 1; Th, 2; TrenDMBS = {N(CH2CH2NSiMe2Bu t )3}3-) with NaN3 or KN3, respectively, affords very rare examples of actinide molecular square and triangle complexes [{M(TrenDMBS)(μ-N3)} n ] (M = U, n = 4, 3; Th, n = 3, 4). Chemical reduction of 3 produces [{U(TrenDMBS)}2(μ-N)][K(THF)6] (5) and [{U(TrenDMBS)}2(μ-N)] (6), whereas photolysis produces exclusively 6. Complexes 5 and 6 can be reversibly inter-converted by oxidation and reduction, respectively, showing that these UNU cores are robust with no evidence for any C-H bond activations being observed. In contrast, reductions of 4 in arene or ethereal solvents gives [{Th(TrenDMBS)}2(μ-NH)] (7) or [{Th(TrenDMBS)}{Th(N[CH2CH2NSiMe2Bu t ]2CH2CH2NSi[μ-CH2]MeBu t )}(μ-NH)][K(DME)4] (8), respectively, providing evidence unprecedented outside of matrix isolation for a transient dithorium-nitride. This suggests that thorium-nitrides are intrinsically much more reactive than uranium-nitrides, since they consistently activate C-H bonds to form rare examples of Th-N(H)-Th linkages with alkyl by-products. The conversion here of a bridging thorium(iv)-nitride to imido-alkyl combination by 1,2-addition parallels the reactivity of transient terminal uranium(iv)-nitrides, but contrasts to terminal uranium(vi)-nitrides that produce alkyl-amides by 1,1-insertion, suggesting a systematic general pattern of C-H activation chemistry for metal(iv)- vs. metal(vi)-nitrides. Surprisingly, computational studies reveal a σ > π energy ordering for all these bridging nitride bonds, a phenomenon for actinides only observed before in terminal uranium nitrides and uranyl with very short U-N or U-O distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhen Du
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - David M King
- School of Chemistry , The University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - Lucile Chatelain
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO , CNRS , INSA , Université Paul Sabatier , 135 Avenue de Rangueil , Toulouse 31077 , France .
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
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Abstract
Elaborate synthesis schemes pave the way to f-element and group 3 complexes with multiply bonded imido ligands displaying intriguing reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Schädle
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tübingen
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tübingen
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
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13
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Zhang C, Yang P, Zhou E, Deng X, Zi G, Walter MD. Reactivity of a Lewis Base Supported Thorium Terminal Imido Metallocene toward Small Organic Molecules. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Pikun Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Enwei Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuebin Deng
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Mullane KC, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Synthesis and Reduction of Uranium(V) Imido Complexes with Redox‐Active Substituents. Chemistry 2017; 23:5748-5757. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C. Mullane
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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Tatebe CJ, Zeller M, Bart SC. [2π+2π] Cycloaddition of Isocyanates to Uranium(IV) Imido Complexes for the Synthesis of U(IV) κ2-Ureato Compounds. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1956-1965. [PMID: 28165733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb J. Tatebe
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Suzanne C. Bart
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
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16
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Yang P, Zhou E, Hou G, Zi G, Ding W, Walter MD. Experimental and Computational Studies on the Formation of Thorium-Copper Heterobimetallics. Chemistry 2016; 22:13845-13849. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pikun Yang
- Department of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Enwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Wanjian Ding
- Department of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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17
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Guo YR, Qu N, Pan QJ. A theoretical probe for pentavalent bis-imido uranium complexes containing diverse axial substituents and equatorial donors: UN multiple bond and structural/electronic properties. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Maria L, Santos IC, Sousa VR, Marçalo J. Uranium(III) redox chemistry assisted by a hemilabile bis(phenolate) cyclam ligand: uranium-nitrogen multiple bond formation comprising a trans-{RN═U(VI)═NR}(2+) complex. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:9115-26. [PMID: 26355956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new monoiodide U(III) complex anchored on a hexadentate dianionic 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-based bis(phenolate) ligand, [U(κ(6)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})I] (1), was synthesized from the reaction of [UI3(THF)4] (THF = tetrahydrofuran) and the respective potassium salt K2((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam and structurally characterized. Reactivity of 1 toward one-, two-, and four-electron oxidants was studied to explore the reductive chemistry of this new U(III) complex. Complex 1 reacts with one-electron oxidizers, such as iodine and TlBPh4, to form the seven-coordinate cationic uranium(IV) complexes [U(κ(6)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})I][X] (X = I (2-I), BPh4 (2-BPh4)). The new uranium(III) complex reacts with inorganic azides to yield the pseudohalide uranium(IV) complex [U(κ(6)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(N3)2] (4) and the nitride-bridged diuranium(IV/IV) complex [(κ(4)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(N3)U(μ-N)U(κ(5)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})] (5). Two equivalents of [U(κ(6)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})I] (1) effect the four-electron reduction of 1 equiv of PhN═NPh to form the bis(imido) complex [U(κ(4)-{((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(NPh)2] (6) and the U(IV) species 2-I. Moreover, the hemilability of the hexadentate ancillary ligand ((tBu2)ArO)2Me2-cyclam(2-) allows to perform the reductive cleavage of azobenzene with an unprecedented formation of a trans-bis(imido) complex. The complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, and all the new uranium complexes were structurally authenticated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Maria
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Vânia R Sousa
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
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19
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Bell NL, Maron L, Arnold PL. Thorium Mono- and Bis(imido) Complexes Made by Reprotonation of cyclo-Metalated Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10492-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L. Bell
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, INSA, UPS,
CNRS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, and Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Polly L. Arnold
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
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20
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Zhou E, Ren W, Hou G, Zi G, Fang DC, Walter MD. Small Molecule Activation Mediated by a Thorium Terminal Imido Metallocene. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenshan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - De-Cai Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc D. Walter
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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21
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[2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions at terminal imido uranium(IV) complexes to yield isolable cycloadducts. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Lv C, Pan L, Pan Q, Guo Y, Zhang H. Theoretical Design of
cis
‐Bis(imido)uranium Iodides – Electronic Structures and Spectroscopic Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Mei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Ling‐Chao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Jiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Ru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science & Technology of Education Ministry, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
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23
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Ren W, Zhou E, Fang B, Hou G, Zi G, Fang DC, Walter MD. Experimental and Computational Studies on the Reactivity of a Terminal Thorium Imidometallocene towards Organic Azides and Diazoalkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11310-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Ren W, Zhou E, Fang B, Hou G, Zi G, Fang DC, Walter MD. Experimental and Computational Studies on the Reactivity of a Terminal Thorium Imidometallocene towards Organic Azides and Diazoalkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Mullane KC, Lewis AJ, Yin H, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Anomalous One-Electron Processes in the Chemistry of Uranium Nitrogen Multiple Bonds. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:9129-39. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501149u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C. Mullane
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Andrew J. Lewis
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Haolin Yin
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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26
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Lu E, Cooper OJ, McMaster J, Tuna F, McInnes EJL, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Liddle ST. Synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of a uranium(VI) carbene imido oxo complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6696-700. [PMID: 24842784 PMCID: PMC4464547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the uranium(VI) carbene imido oxo complex [U(BIPM(TMS))(NMes)(O)(DMAP)2] (5, BIPM(TMS) = C(PPh2 NSiMe3)2; Mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2; DMAP = 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine) which exhibits the unprecedented arrangement of three formal multiply bonded ligands to one metal center where the coordinated heteroatoms derive from different element groups. This complex was prepared by incorporation of carbene, imido, and then oxo groups at the uranium center by salt elimination, protonolysis, and two-electron oxidation, respectively. The oxo and imido groups adopt axial positions in a T-shaped motif with respect to the carbene, which is consistent with an inverse trans-influence. Complex 5 reacts with tert-butylisocyanate at the imido rather than carbene group to afford the uranyl(VI) carbene complex [U(BIPM(TMS))(O)2(DMAP)2] (6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Oliver J Cooper
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Jonathan McMaster
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of ManchesterOxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of ManchesterOxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK)
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Alexander J Blake
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham, NG7 2RD (UK)
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27
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Lu E, Cooper OJ, McMaster J, Tuna F, McInnes EJL, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Liddle ST. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of a Uranium(VI) Carbene Imido Oxo Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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La Pierre HS, Meyer K. Activation of Small Molecules by Molecular Uranium Complexes. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118792797.ch05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Ren W, Zhou E, Fang B, Zi G, Fang DC, Walter MD. Si–H addition followed by C–H bond activation induced by a terminal thorium imido metallocene: a combined experimental and computational study. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00576g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Camp C, Pécaut J, Mazzanti M. Tuning Uranium–Nitrogen Multiple Bond Formation with Ancillary Siloxide Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12101-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ja405815b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Camp
- Laboratoire de Reconnaissance
Ionique et Chimie de
Coordination, SCIB, UMR-E3 CEA-UJF, INAC, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 09
| | - Jacques Pécaut
- Laboratoire de Reconnaissance
Ionique et Chimie de
Coordination, SCIB, UMR-E3 CEA-UJF, INAC, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 09
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Laboratoire de Reconnaissance
Ionique et Chimie de
Coordination, SCIB, UMR-E3 CEA-UJF, INAC, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 09
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31
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Guo YR, Wu Q, Odoh SO, Schreckenbach G, Pan QJ. Theoretical Study of Structural, Spectroscopic and Reaction Properties of trans-bis(imido) Uranium(VI) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9143-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401440w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology of Education Ministry, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory
of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Samuel O. Odoh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
MB, Canada R3T 2N2
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352,
United States
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Qing-Jiang Pan
- Key Laboratory
of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry,
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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32
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Kraft SJ, Fanwick PE, Bart SC. Exploring the Insertion Chemistry of Tetrabenzyluranium Using Carbonyls and Organoazides. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400197j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Kraft
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United
States
| | - Phillip E. Fanwick
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United
States
| | - Suzanne C. Bart
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United
States
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33
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Cooper OJ, Mills DP, McMaster J, Tuna F, McInnes EJL, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Liddle ST. The Nature of the UC Double Bond: Pushing the Stability of High-Oxidation-State Uranium Carbenes to the Limit. Chemistry 2013; 19:7071-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Spencer LP, Yang P, Minasian SG, Jilek RE, Batista ER, Boland KS, Boncella JM, Conradson SD, Clark DL, Hayton TW, Kozimor SA, Martin RL, MacInnes MM, Olson AC, Scott BL, Shuh DK, Wilkerson MP. Tetrahalide complexes of the [U(NR)2]2+ ion: synthesis, theory, and chlorine K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2279-90. [PMID: 23320417 DOI: 10.1021/ja310575j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic routes to salts containing uranium bis-imido tetrahalide anions [U(NR)(2)X(4)](2-) (X = Cl(-), Br(-)) and non-coordinating NEt(4)(+) and PPh(4)(+) countercations are reported. In general, these compounds can be prepared from U(NR)(2)I(2)(THF)(x) (x = 2 and R = (t)Bu, Ph; x = 3 and R = Me) upon addition of excess halide. In addition to providing stable coordination complexes with Cl(-), the [U(NMe)(2)](2+) cation also reacts with Br(-) to form stable [NEt(4)](2)[U(NMe)(2)Br(4)] complexes. These materials were used as a platform to compare electronic structure and bonding in [U(NR)(2)](2+) with [UO(2)](2+). Specifically, Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and both ground-state and time-dependent hybrid density functional theory (DFT and TDDFT) were used to probe U-Cl bonding interactions in [PPh(4)](2)[U(N(t)Bu)(2)Cl(4)] and [PPh(4)](2)[UO(2)Cl(4)]. The DFT and XAS results show the total amount of Cl 3p character mixed with the U 5f orbitals was roughly 7-10% per U-Cl bond for both compounds, which shows that moving from oxo to imido has little effect on orbital mixing between the U 5f and equatorial Cl 3p orbitals. The results are presented in the context of recent Cl K-edge XAS and DFT studies on other hexavalent uranium chloride systems with fewer oxo or imido ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam P Spencer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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35
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36
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La Pierre HS, Meyer K. Uranium-ligand multiple bonding in uranyl analogues, [L═U═L]n+, and the inverse trans influence. Inorg Chem 2012; 52:529-39. [PMID: 23234428 DOI: 10.1021/ic302412j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The societal importance of uranium complexes containing the uranyl moiety [O═U═O](2+) continues to grow with the ongoing international nuclear enterprise and associated accumulating legacy waste. Further studies of the electronic structure of uranyl and its analogues are imperative for the development of crucial technologies, including lanthanide/actinide extractants and chemical and environmental remediation methodologies. Actinide oxo halides are a subset of the growing class of actinyl (uranyl) analogues. The understanding of their electronic structures links the detailed spectroscopic studies of uranyl, indicating the role of the pseudocore 6p orbitals in U-O bonding, to hypotheses about the 6p orbitals' role in the chemical bonding of uranyl analogues. These actinide oxo halides are a very small class of actinide compounds that present the inverse trans influence (ITI). This class of complexes was, until recently, limited to two crystallographically characterized compounds, namely, [UCl(5)O][PPh(4)] and [PaCl(5)O][NEt(4)](2). These complexes are important because they give a readily and clearly defined experimental observable: the difference between the M-X(trans) and M-X(cis) (here X = Cl) bond lengths in the solid state. This bond metric is a sensitive probe for the role of 6p, 6d, and 5f orbitals, as well as electrostatic interactions, in determining their electronic structure. This Viewpoint Article reviews the theoretical, experimental, and synthetic work on the ITI in actinide complexes and contextualizes it within broader studies on the electronic structure of uranyl and its analogues. Furthermore, our recent work on the ITI in high-valent uranium(V/VI) oxo and imido complexes is described as a whole. This work builds on the extant synthetic literature on the ITI and provides design parameters for the synthesis and characterization of high-valent uranium-ligand multiple bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry S La Pierre
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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37
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Jones MB, Gaunt AJ. Recent developments in synthesis and structural chemistry of nonaqueous actinide complexes. Chem Rev 2012; 113:1137-98. [PMID: 23130707 DOI: 10.1021/cr300198m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Jones
- Inorganic, Isotope, and Actinide Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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38
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Dastgir S, Lavoie GG. Titanium(IV) imido complexes of imine imidazol-2-imine ligands. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:9651-8. [PMID: 22772456 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31004j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free imine imidazol-2-imine ligands with two different substitution patterns have been isolated for the first time and they were found to exist as an equilibrium mixture of geometric and mesomeric isomers. The relative ratios of these isomers are dependent on both the nature of the substituents and of the solvent. The synthesis of the titanium(IV) alkyl and arylimido complexes of these ligands was unexpectedly found to be very selective and was successfully achieved only with the lesser sterically-demanding 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl derivative IMesN^Imine 2a. The solid-state structure of the alkylimido complex further confirms the zwitterionic character of the ligand. The isolated titanium imido complexes were found to be active catalysts for the polymerisation of ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarim Dastgir
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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39
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Lewis AJ, Nakamaru-Ogiso E, Kikkawa JM, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Pentavalent uranium trans-dihalides and -pseudohalides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4977-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31601c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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FÖRNER WOLFGANG, BADAWI HASSANM. ROTATIONAL BARRIERS AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA OF PHENYL KETENE, AZIDE, AND ISOCYANATE. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633610005797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our interest in conjugation effects in substituted phenyl compounds has turned our attention to the highly reactive compounds phenyl ketene, azide, and isocyanate, which due to their reactivity are of utmost importance in organic synthesis. We performed local density functional theory (DFT) calculations using a 6-311G** basis set to calculate the structures and potential functions of the internal rotation. Further for the minimum structures we computed the vibrational infrared and Raman spectra of the three molecules. In order to confirm that DFT works rather well in these systems we performed the geometry optimizations also using ab initio Moeller–Plesset perturbation theory of second order (MP2) in the same basis set. As expected there exist just two minimum structures for each of the molecules which both correspond to planar structures and are identical due to the symmetry of the phenyl ring. The transitions states (TS) of the internal rotations are the perpendicular ones. We expect conjugation to play no major role in these molecules since extensive conjugation effects would imply a large reduction of the aromatic character of the phenyl ring which in turn would greatly destabilize the systems. However, although the rotational barriers appear to be rather small in these systems conjugation must play at least some role in stabilizing the planar ground state. As detailed later, the relative heights of the rotational barriers can all be explained naturally. Experimental vibrational spectra could be obtained only for phenyl isocyanate and azide, but not for the ketene because of the high reactivity of this molecule. Since in the former cases the calculated spectra agree fairly well with the measured ones, we present those of the other molecule as theoretical prediction, which could be useful to detect spectroscopically in a reaction mixture residual reactant. On the basis of potential energy distribution (PED) calculations we present a complete assignment of the vibrational lines to symmetry coordinates, where, for example, ring breathing must show up with rather large intensities in the Raman spectra of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- WOLFGANG FÖRNER
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - HASSAN M. BADAWI
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Ren W, Zi G, Fang DC, Walter MD. A Base-Free Thorium-Terminal-Imido Metallocene: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. Chemistry 2011; 17:12669-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Minasian SG, Krinsky JL, Arnold J. Evaluating f-Element Bonding from Structure and Thermodynamics. Chemistry 2011; 17:12234-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Khosla C, Jackson AB, White PS, Templeton JL. Synthesis and isocyanate insertion reactions of tungsten(IV) imido complexes formed from W(CO)(acac)(N3)(PMe3)3 with azide as the oxidant. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Seaman LA, Fortier S, Wu G, Hayton TW. Comparison of the Redox Chemistry of Primary and Secondary Amides of U(IV): Isolation of a U(VI) Bis(imido) Complex or a Homoleptic U(VI) Amido Complex. Inorg Chem 2010; 50:636-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ic101847b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lani A. Seaman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Trevor W. Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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Spencer LP, Yang P, Scott BL, Batista ER, Boncella JM. Uranium(VI) bis(imido) disulfonamide and dihalide complexes: Synthesis density functional theory analysis. CR CHIM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2010.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Clark KM, Ziller JW, Heyduk AF. Steric Control of Coordination Geometry in Titanium-Imido Complexes of N,N′-bis(arylimino)acenaphthylene Ligands. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:2222-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ic902101z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kensha Marie Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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Eisen MS. Catalytic C–N, C–O, and C–S Bond Formation Promoted by Organoactinide Complexes. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-12073-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Spencer LP, Yang P, Scott BL, Batista ER, Boncella JM. Oxidative addition to U(V)-U(V) dimers: facile routes to uranium(VI) bis(imido) complexes. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:11615-23. [PMID: 19947591 DOI: 10.1021/ic901581r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability of dimeric bis(imido) uranium(V) complexes with the general formula [U(N(t)Bu)(2)(Y)((t)Bu(2)bpy)](2) (Y = I (1), SPh (2); (t)Bu(2)bpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridyl) to behave as two-electron reducing agents was examined with I(2), AgX (X = Cl, Br), PhEEPh (E = S, Se, Te), and chalcogen (O, S, Se) atom transfer reagents. The addition of I(2) and AgX to 1 leads to the formation of uranium(VI) dihalide complexes with the general formula U(N(t)Bu)(2)(I)(X)((t)Bu(2)bpy) (X = I (3), Cl (4), Br (5)). Complexes 1 and 2 can also reduce PhEEPh to generate uranium(VI) complexes with the general formula U(N(t)Bu)(2)(X)(EPh)((t)Bu(2)bpy) (X = I, E = S (6), Se (8), Te (10); X = SPh, E = S (7), Se (12)). These unsymmetrical complexes appear to be in equilibrium with the uranium(VI) complexes U(N(t)Bu)(2)(X)(2)((t)Bu(2)bpy) and U(N(t)Bu)(2)(EPh)(2)((t)Bu(2)bpy) (E = Se (9), Te (11)) and suggest that both U-I and U-E bonds possess a labile nature in bis(imido) uranium(VI) complexes. Complex 1 also reacts as a two-electron reductant toward chalcogen atom transfer reagents such as 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide, S(8), and Se to produce dimeric bis(imido) uranium(VI) complexes with the general formula [U(N(t)Bu)(2)(I)((t)Bu(2)bpy)](2)(mu-E) (E = O (13), S (14), Se (15)) and [U(N(t)Bu)(2)(I)((t)Bu(2)bpy)](2)(mu-eta(2):eta(2)-E(4)) (E = S (16), Se (17)). Density functional theory studies performed on a model complex of 13 indicate the presence of multiple bonding in the bridging U-O bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam P Spencer
- Materials, Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J514, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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