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Moura JJG. The History of Desulfovibrio gigas Aldehyde Oxidoreductase-A Personal View. Molecules 2023; 28:4229. [PMID: 37241969 PMCID: PMC10223205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A story going back almost 40 years is presented in this manuscript. This is a different and more challenging way of reporting my research and I hope it will be useful to and target a wide-ranging audience. When preparing the manuscript and collecting references on the subject of this paper-aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas-I felt like I was travelling back in time (and space), bringing together the people that have contributed most to this area of research. I sincerely hope that I can give my collaborators the credit they deserve. This study is not presented as a chronologic narrative but as a grouping of topics, the development of which occurred over many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J G Moura
- LAQV, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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2
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González PJ, Rivas MG, Ferroni FM, Rizzi AC, Brondino CD. Electron transfer pathways and spin–spin interactions in Mo- and Cu-containing oxidoreductases. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Zhang W, Bushnell EA. A QM/MM investigation of the catalytic mechanism of acetylene hydratase: insights into engineering a more effective enzyme. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, a QM/MM approach was used to better understand the effect of the second environmental shell of the active site on the catalytic conversion of acetylene to acetaldehyde by acetylene hydratase (AH). In addition, the effect of substituting W-coordinating sulfur atoms with selenium atoms was done to provide insight into the influence of the W-coordinating atoms on the catalytic reaction. From the results, it found that the presence of the second shell environment had a significant effect on the reaction. Specifically, in the absence of the MM second shell environment (i.e., QM-cluster model), the rate-determining step is defined by the first proton transfer step. In contrast, for the QM/MM model, the rate-determining step is defined by the water attacking step. Moreover, with the presence of the MM second shell environment, a key intermediate found in the DFT-cluster investigation does not exist in the QM/MM investigation. Rather, what was a two-step process in the DFT-cluster study was calculated to occur in a single step for the QM/MM study. Regarding the sulfur to selenium substitutions, it was found that Gibbs energy for the acetylene binding phase was significantly affected. Notably, the trans-position selenium made the binding of acetylene 65.6 kJ mol−1 less endergonic. Moreover, the overall reaction became 38.2 kJ mol−1 less endergonic compared with the wild type (WT) AH model. Thus, the substitution of key W-coordinating sulfur atoms with selenium atoms may offer a means to enhance the catalytic mechanism of AH considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brandon University, 270-18th Street, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Brandon University, 270-18th Street, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Eric A.C. Bushnell
- Department of Chemistry, Brandon University, 270-18th Street, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Brandon University, 270-18th Street, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
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4
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Uchida H, Mikami B, Yamane-Tanabe A, Ito A, Hirano K, Oki M. Crystal structure of an aldehyde oxidase from Methylobacillus sp. KY4400. J Biochem 2018; 163:321-328. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Uchida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 9-1, Bunkyo 3-Chome, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Bunzou Mikami
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Aiko Yamane-Tanabe
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Anna Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 9-1, Bunkyo 3-Chome, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Kouzou Hirano
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 9-1, Bunkyo 3-Chome, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Masaya Oki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, 9-1, Bunkyo 3-Chome, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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Reschke S, Mebs S, Sigfridsson-Clauss KGV, Kositzki R, Leimkühler S, Haumann M. Protonation and Sulfido versus Oxo Ligation Changes at the Molybdenum Cofactor in Xanthine Dehydrogenase (XDH) Variants Studied by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2165-2176. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Reschke
- Institut für
Biochemie und Biologie, Molekulare Enzymologie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ramona Kositzki
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Leimkühler
- Institut für
Biochemie und Biologie, Molekulare Enzymologie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Maia LB, Moura I, Moura JJ. EPR Spectroscopy on Mononuclear Molybdenum-Containing Enzymes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN METALLOPROTEIN AND METALLOENZYME RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59100-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Theoretical exploration of the mechanism of formylmethanofuran dehydrogenase: the first reductive step in CO2 fixation by methanogens. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:703-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Rizzi AC, Neuman NI, González PJ, Brondino CD. EPR as a Tool for Study of Isolated and Coupled Paramagnetic Centers in Coordination Compounds and Macromolecules of Biological Interest. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hu L, Chen H. Assessment of DFT Methods for Computing Activation Energies of Mo/W-Mediated Reactions. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:4601-14. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianrui Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Li J, Ryde U. Comparison of the Active-Site Design of Molybdenum Oxo-Transfer Enzymes by Quantum Mechanical Calculations. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:11913-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5010837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Chemical
Centre, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and
Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ulf Ryde
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Chemical
Centre, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Alvarez S, Menjón B, Falceto A, Casanova D, Alemany P. Stereochemistry of Complexes with Double and Triple Metal–Ligand Bonds: A Continuous Shape Measures Analysis. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12151-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5021077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Babil Menjón
- Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea, CSIC−Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - David Casanova
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), P.K: 1072, 20080 Donostia, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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12
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Gómez MC, Neuman NI, Dalosto SD, González PJ, Moura JJG, Rizzi AC, Brondino CD. Isotropic exchange interaction between Mo and the proximal FeS center in the xanthine oxidase family member aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas on native and polyalcohol inhibited samples: an EPR and QM/MM study. J Biol Inorg Chem 2014; 20:233-42. [PMID: 25344343 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-014-1204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas (DgAOR) is a homodimeric molybdenum-containing protein that catalyzes the hydroxylation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids and contains a Mo-pyranopterin active site and two FeS centers called FeS 1 and FeS 2. The electron transfer reaction inside DgAOR is proposed to be performed through a chemical pathway linking Mo and the two FeS clusters involving the pyranopterin ligand. EPR studies performed on reduced as-prepared DgAOR showed that this pathway is able to transmit very weak exchange interactions between Mo(V) and reduced FeS 1. Similar EPR studies but performed on DgAOR samples inhibited with glycerol and ethylene glycol showed that the value of the exchange coupling constant J increases ~2 times upon alcohol inhibition. Structural studies in these DgAOR samples have demonstrated that the Mo-FeS 1 bridging pathway does not show significant differences, confirming that the changes in J observed upon inhibition cannot be ascribed to structural changes associated neither with pyranopterin and FeS 1 nor with changes in the electronic structure of FeS 1, as its EPR properties remain unchanged. Theoretical calculations indicate that the changes in J detected by EPR are related to changes in the electronic structure of Mo(V) determined by the replacement of the OHx labile ligand for an alcohol molecule. Since the relationship between electron transfer rate and isotropic exchange interaction, the present results suggest that the intraenzyme electron transfer process mediated by the pyranopterin moiety is governed by a Mo ligand-based regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Gómez
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, S3000ZAA, Santa Fe, Argentina
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13
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Aromatic aldehydes at the active site of aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas: reactivity and molecular details of the enzyme-substrate and enzyme-product interaction. J Biol Inorg Chem 2014; 20:219-29. [PMID: 25261288 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-014-1196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Desulfovibrio gigas aldehyde oxidoreductase (DgAOR) is a mononuclear molybdenum-containing enzyme from the xanthine oxidase (XO) family, a group of enzymes capable of catalyzing the oxidative hydroxylation of aldehydes and heterocyclic compounds. The kinetic studies reported in this work showed that DgAOR catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of aromatic aldehydes, but not heterocyclic compounds. NMR spectroscopy studies using (13)C-labeled benzaldehyde confirmed that DgAOR catalyzes the conversion of aldehydes to the respective carboxylic acids. Steady-state kinetics in solution showed that high concentrations of the aromatic aldehydes produce substrate inhibition and in the case of 3-phenyl propionaldehyde a suicide substrate behavior. Hydroxyl-substituted aromatic aldehydes present none of these behaviors but the kinetic parameters are largely affected by the position of the OH group. High-resolution crystallographic structures obtained from single crystals of active-DgAOR soaked with benzaldehyde showed that the side chains of Phe425 and Tyr535 are important for the stabilization of the substrate in the active site. On the other hand, the X-ray data of DgAOR soaked with trans-cinnamaldehyde showed a cinnamic acid molecule in the substrate channel. The X-ray data of DgAOR soaked with 3-phenyl propionaldehyde showed clearly how high substrate concentrations inactivate the enzyme by binding covalently at the surface of the enzyme and blocking the substrate channel. The different reactivity of DgAOR versus aldehyde oxidase and XO towards aromatic aldehydes and N-heterocyclic compounds is explained on the basis of the present kinetic and structural data.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Russ Hille
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - James Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Partha Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
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15
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Marangon J, Correia HD, Brondino CD, Moura JJG, Romão MJ, González PJ, Santos-Silva T. Kinetic and structural studies of aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas reveal a dithiolene-based chemistry for enzyme activation and inhibition by H(2)O(2). PLoS One 2014; 8:e83234. [PMID: 24391748 PMCID: PMC3877041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear Mo-containing enzymes of the xanthine oxidase (XO) family catalyze the oxidative hydroxylation of aldehydes and heterocyclic compounds. The molybdenum active site shows a distorted square-pyramidal geometry in which two ligands, a hydroxyl/water molecule (the catalytic labile site) and a sulfido ligand, have been shown to be essential for catalysis. The XO family member aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas (DgAOR) is an exception as presents in its catalytically competent form an equatorial oxo ligand instead of the sulfido ligand. Despite this structural difference, inactive samples of DgAOR can be activated upon incubation with dithionite plus sulfide, a procedure similar to that used for activation of desulfo-XO. The fact that DgAOR does not need a sulfido ligand for catalysis indicates that the process leading to the activation of inactive DgAOR samples is different to that of desulfo-XO. We now report a combined kinetic and X-ray crystallographic study to unveil the enzyme modification responsible for the inactivation and the chemistry that occurs at the Mo site when DgAOR is activated. In contrast to XO, which is activated by resulfuration of the Mo site, DgAOR activation/inactivation is governed by the oxidation state of the dithiolene moiety of the pyranopterin cofactor, which demonstrates the non-innocent behavior of the pyranopterin in enzyme activity. We also showed that DgAOR incubation with dithionite plus sulfide in the presence of dioxygen produces hydrogen peroxide not associated with the enzyme activation. The peroxide molecule coordinates to molybdenum in a η2 fashion inhibiting the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Marangon
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - Hugo D. Correia
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - Carlos D. Brondino
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - José J. G. Moura
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Romão
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - Pablo J. González
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- * E-mail: (PJG); (TS-S)
| | - Teresa Santos-Silva
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
- * E-mail: (PJG); (TS-S)
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Shanmugam M, Wilcoxen J, Habel-Rodriguez D, Cutsail GE, Kirk ML, Hoffman BM, Hille R. (13)C and (63,65)Cu ENDOR studies of CO dehydrogenase from Oligotropha carboxidovorans. Experimental evidence in support of a copper-carbonyl intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17775-82. [PMID: 24147852 DOI: 10.1021/ja406136f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report here an ENDOR study of an S = 1/2 intermediate state trapped during reduction of the binuclear Mo/Cu enzyme CO dehydrogenase by CO. ENDOR spectra of this state confirm that the (63,65)Cu nuclei exhibits strong and almost entirely isotropic coupling to the unpaired electron, show that this coupling atypically has a positive sign, aiso = +148 MHz, and indicate an apparently undetectably small quadrupolar coupling. When the intermediate is generated using (13)CO, coupling to the (13)C is observed, with aiso = +17.3 MHz. A comparison with the couplings seen in related, structurally assigned Mo(V) species from xanthine oxidase, in conjunction with complementary computational studies, leads us to conclude that the intermediate contains a partially reduced Mo(V)/Cu(I) center with CO bound at the copper. Our results provide strong experimental support for a reaction mechanism that proceeds from a comparable complex of CO with fully oxidized Mo(VI)/Cu(I) enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralidharan Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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Gonzalez PJ, Rivas MG, Mota CS, Brondino CD, Moura I, Moura JJ. Periplasmic nitrate reductases and formate dehydrogenases: Biological control of the chemical properties of Mo and W for fine tuning of reactivity, substrate specificity and metabolic role. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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von Stetten D, Batot GO, Noirclerc-Savoye M, Royant A. Alteration of fluorescent protein spectroscopic properties upon cryoprotection. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2012; 68:1578-83. [DOI: 10.1107/s0907444912037900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cryoprotection of a protein crystal by addition of small-molecule compounds may sometimes affect the structure of its active site. The spectroscopic and structural effects of the two cryoprotectants glycerol and ethylene glycol on the cyan fluorescent protein Cerulean were investigated. While glycerol had almost no noticeable effect, ethylene glycol was shown to induce a systematic red shift of the UV–vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectra. Additionally, ethylene glycol molecules were shown to enter the core of the protein, with one of them binding in close vicinity to the chromophore, which provides a sound explanation for the observed spectroscopic changes. These results highlight the need to systematically record spectroscopic data on crystals of light-absorbing proteins and reinforce the notion that fluorescent proteins must not been seen as rigid structures.
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Cao H, Hall J, Hille R. X-ray crystal structure of arsenite-inhibited xanthine oxidase: μ-sulfido,μ-oxo double bridge between molybdenum and arsenic in the active site. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12414-7. [PMID: 21761899 PMCID: PMC3163118 DOI: 10.1021/ja2050265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidoreductase is a molybdenum-containing enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation reaction of sp(2)-hybridized carbon centers of a variety of substrates, including purines, aldehydes, and other heterocyclic compounds. The complex of arsenite-inhibited xanthine oxidase has been characterized previously by UV-vis, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and the catalytically essential sulfido ligand of the square-pyrimidal molybdenum center has been suggested to be involved in arsenite binding through either a μ-sulfido,μ-oxo double bridge or a single μ-sulfido bridge. However, this is contrary to the crystallographically observed single μ-oxo bridge between molybdenum and arsenic in the desulfo form of aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas (an enzyme closely related to xanthine oxidase), whose molybdenum center has an oxo ligand replacing the catalytically essential sulfur, as seen in the functional form of xanthine oxidase. Here we use X-ray crystallography to characterize the molybdenum center of arsenite-inhibited xanthine oxidase and solve the structures of the oxidized and reduced inhibition complexes at 1.82 and 2.11 Å resolution, respectively. We observe μ-sulfido,μ-oxo double bridges between molybdenum and arsenic in the active sites of both complexes. Arsenic is four-coordinate with a distorted trigonal-pyramidal geometry in the oxidized complex and three-coordinate with a distorted trigonal-planar geometry in the reduced complex. The doubly bridged binding mode is in agreement with previous XAS data indicating that the catalytically essential sulfur is also essential for the high affinity of reduced xanthine oxidoreductase for arsenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongnan Cao
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Biochemistry, 1463 Boyce Hall, CA 92521
| | - James Hall
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Biochemistry, 1463 Boyce Hall, CA 92521
| | - Russ Hille
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Biochemistry, 1463 Boyce Hall, CA 92521
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Nitrite reduction by xanthine oxidase family enzymes: a new class of nitrite reductases. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 16:443-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Shanmugam M, Zhang B, McNaughton RL, Kinney RA, Hille R, Hoffman BM. The structure of formaldehyde-inhibited xanthine oxidase determined by 35 GHz 2H ENDOR spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:14015-7. [PMID: 20860357 PMCID: PMC2958171 DOI: 10.1021/ja106432h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The formaldehyde-inhibited Mo(V) state of xanthine oxidase (I) has been studied for four decades, yet it has not proven possible to distinguish unequivocally among the several structures proposed for this form. The uniquely large isotropic hyperfine coupling for (13)C from CH(2)O led to the intriguing suggestion of a direct Mo-C bond for the active site of I. This suggestion was supported by the recent crystal structures of glycol- and glycerol-inhibited forms of aldehyde oxidoreductase, a member of the xanthine oxidase family. (1)H and (2)H ENDOR spectra of I(C(1,2)H(2)O) in H(2)O/D(2)O buffer now have unambiguously revealed that the active-site structure of I contains a CH(2)O adduct of Mo(V) in the form of a four-membered ring with S and O linking the C to Mo and have ruled out a direct Mo-C bond. Density functional theory computations are consistent with this conclusion. We interpret the large (13)C coupling as resulting from a "transannular hyperfine interaction".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California-95521
| | | | - R. Adam Kinney
- Chemistry Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113
| | - Russ Hille
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California-95521
| | - Brian M. Hoffman
- Chemistry Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113
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25
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Cremades E, Echeverría J, Alvarez S. The Trigonal Prism in Coordination Chemistry. Chemistry 2010; 16:10380-96. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Dieterich JM, Werner HJ, Mata RA, Metz S, Thiel W. Reductive half-reaction of aldehyde oxidoreductase toward acetaldehyde: Ab initio and free energy quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:035101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3280164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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