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Ding D, Mo S, Li Q, Wang F, Wang X, Ou C, Li Z. Fluorinated BPA derivatives enhanced 10B delivery in tumors. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:6128-6136. [PMID: 38836578 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an emerging approach for treating malignant tumors with binary targeting. However, its clinical application has been hampered by insufficient 10B accumulation in tumors and low 10B concentration ratios of tumor-to-blood (T/B) and tumor-to-normal tissue (T/N). Herein, we developed fluorinated BPA derivatives with different fluorine groups as boron delivery agents for enabling sufficient 10B accumulation in tumors and enhancing T/B and T/N ratios. Our findings demonstrated that fluorinated BPA derivatives had good biological safety. Furthermore, fluorinated BPA derivatives showed improved 10B accumulation in tumors and enhanced T/B and T/N ratios compared to the clinical boron drug fructose-BPA (f-BPA). In particular, in B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice, fluorinated BPA derivatives met the requirements for clinical BNCT even at half of the clinical dose. Thus, fluorinated BPA derivatives are potentially effective boron delivery agents for clinical BNCT in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ding
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Shushan Mo
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qishan Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xueyi Wang
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
| | - Zhenhua Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong 510515, China
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2
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Xin J, Lu X, Cao J, Wu W, Liu Q, Wang D, Zhou X, Ding D. Fluorinated Organic Polymers for Cancer Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404645. [PMID: 38678386 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of cancer therapy, the spotlight is on nanoscale pharmaceutical delivery systems, especially polymer-based nanoparticles, for their enhanced drug dissolution, extended presence in the bloodstream, and precision targeting achieved via surface engineering. Leveraging the amplified permeation and retention phenomenon, these systems concentrate therapeutic agents within tumor tissues. Nonetheless, the hurdles of systemic toxicity, biological barriers, and compatibility with living systems persist. Fluorinated polymers, distinguished by their chemical idiosyncrasies, are poised for extensive biomedical applications, notably in stabilizing drug metabolism, augmenting lipophilicity, and optimizing bioavailability. Material science heralds the advent of fluorinated polymers that, by integrating fluorine atoms, unveil a suite of drug delivery merits: the hydrophobic traits of fluorinated alkyl chains ward off lipid or protein disruption, the carbon-fluorine bond's stability extends the drug's lifecycle in the system, and a lower alkalinity coupled with a diminished ionic charge bolsters the drug's ability to traverse cellular membranes. This comprehensive review delves into the utilization of fluorinated polymers for oncological pharmacotherapy, elucidating their molecular architecture, synthetic pathways, and functional attributes, alongside an exploration of their empirical strengths and the quandaries they encounter in both experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Xin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Deping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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3
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Choe JA, Brinkman HM, Lee JS, Murphy WL. Optimized biomimetic minerals maintain activity of mRNA complexes after long term storage. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:428-436. [PMID: 38061679 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
mRNA therapeutics can be readily designed, manufactured, and brought to scale, as demonstrated by widespread global vaccination against COVID-19. However, mRNA therapies require cold chain shipment and storage from manufacturing to administration, which may limit them to affluent communities. This problem could be addressed by mimicking the known ability of mineralized fossils to durably stabilize nucleic acids under extreme conditions. We synthesized and screened 40 calcium-phosphate minerals for their ability to store and maintain the activity of lyophilized mRNA complexes. The optimal mineral formulation incorporated mRNA complexes with high efficiency (77 %), and increased mRNA transfection efficiency by 5.6-fold. Lyophilized mRNA complexes stored with the optimized mineral formulation for 6 months at 25 °C were 3.2-fold more active than those stored with state-of-the-art excipients, but without a mineral. mRNA complexes stored with minerals at room temperature did not decline in transfection efficacy from 3 days to 6 months of storage, indicating that minerals can durably maintain activity of therapeutic mRNA complexes without cold chain storage. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Therapeutic mRNA, such as mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, require extensive cold chain storage that limits their general application. This work screened a library of minerals to maintain the activity of mRNA complexes with freeze-drying. The optimized mineral was able to maintain mRNA activity up to 6 months of storage at room temperature outperforming current methods of freeze-drying therapeutic mRNA complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Madison, WI, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hannah M Brinkman
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Madison, WI, USA; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Madison, WI, USA.
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4
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Takatsu M, Morihiro K, Watanabe H, Yuki M, Hattori T, Noi K, Aikawa K, Noguchi K, Yohda M, Okazoe T, Okamoto A. Cellular Penetration and Intracellular Dynamics of Perfluorocarbon-Conjugated DNA/RNA as a Potential Means of Conditional Nucleic Acid Delivery. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2590-2598. [PMID: 37981738 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics represent a novel approach for controlling gene expression. However, a practical delivery system is required that overcomes the poor cellular permeability and intercellular instability of nucleic acids. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are highly stable structures that can readily traverse the lipid membrane of cells. Thus, PFC-DNA/RNA conjugates have properties that offer a potential means of delivering nucleic acid therapeutics, although the cellular dynamics of the conjugates remain unknown. Here, we performed systematic analysis of the cellular permeability of sequence-controlled PFC-DNA conjugates (N[PFC]n-DNA, n = 1,2,3,4,5) that can be synthesized by conventional phosphoramidite chemistry. We showed that DNA conjugates with two or more PFC-containing units (N[PFC]n≥2-DNA) penetrated HeLa cells without causing cellular damage. Imaging analysis along with quantitative flow cytometry analysis revealed that N[PFC]2-DNA rapidly passes through the cell membrane and is evenly distributed within the cytoplasm. Moreover, N[PFC]2-modified cyclin B1-targeting siRNA promoted gene knockdown efficacy of 30% compared with naked siRNA. A similar cell penetration without associated toxicity was consistent among the seven different human cell lines tested. These unique cellular environmental properties make N[PFC]2-DNA/RNA a potential nucleic acid delivery platform that can meet a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Takatsu
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, , Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Morihiro
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Honoka Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mizue Yuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takara Hattori
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kentaro Noi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Aikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Keiichi Noguchi
- Instrumentation Analysis Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yohda
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Takashi Okazoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Yokohama Technical Center, AGC Inc. Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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5
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Lawanprasert A, Sloand JN, Vargas MG, Singh H, Eldor T, Miller MA, Pimcharoen S, Wang J, Leighow SM, Pritchard JR, Dokholyan NV, Medina SH. Deciphering the Mechanistic Basis for Perfluoroalkyl-Protein Interactions. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300159. [PMID: 36943393 PMCID: PMC10364144 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Although rarely used in nature, fluorine has emerged as an important elemental ingredient in the design of proteins with altered folding, stability, oligomerization propensities, and bioactivity. Adding to the molecular modification toolbox, here we report the ability of privileged perfluorinated amphiphiles to noncovalently decorate proteins to alter their conformational plasticity and potentiate their dispersion into fluorous phases. Employing a complementary suite of biophysical, in-silico and in-vitro approaches, we establish structure-activity relationships defining these phenomena and investigate their impact on protein structural dynamics and intracellular trafficking. Notably, we show that the lead compound, perfluorononanoic acid, is 106 times more potent in inducing non-native protein secondary structure in select proteins than is the well-known helix inducer trifluoroethanol, and also significantly enhances the cellular uptake of complexed proteins. These findings could advance the rational design of fluorinated proteins, inform on potential modes of toxicity for perfluoroalkyl substances, and guide the development of fluorine-modified biologics with desirable functional properties for drug discovery and delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atip Lawanprasert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Janna N. Sloand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Mariangely González Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00682
| | - Harminder Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Tomer Eldor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Michael A. Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Sopida Pimcharoen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
| | - Scott M. Leighow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Justin R. Pritchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Nikolay V. Dokholyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA, 17033
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
| | - Scott H. Medina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, 16802
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6
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Zhang C, Yan K, Fu C, Peng H, Hawker CJ, Whittaker AK. Biological Utility of Fluorinated Compounds: from Materials Design to Molecular Imaging, Therapeutics and Environmental Remediation. Chem Rev 2022; 122:167-208. [PMID: 34609131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The applications of fluorinated molecules in bioengineering and nanotechnology are expanding rapidly with the controlled introduction of fluorine being broadly studied due to the unique properties of C-F bonds. This review will focus on the design and utility of C-F containing materials in imaging, therapeutics, and environmental applications with a central theme being the importance of controlling fluorine-fluorine interactions and understanding how such interactions impact biological behavior. Low natural abundance of fluorine is shown to provide sensitivity and background advantages for imaging and detection of a variety of diseases with 19F magnetic resonance imaging, 18F positron emission tomography and ultrasound discussed as illustrative examples. The presence of C-F bonds can also be used to tailor membrane permeability and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs and delivery agents for enhanced cell uptake and therapeutics. A key message of this review is that while the promise of C-F containing materials is significant, a subset of highly fluorinated compounds such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), have been identified as posing a potential risk to human health. The unique properties of the C-F bond and the significant potential for fluorine-fluorine interactions in PFAS structures necessitate the development of new strategies for facile and efficient environmental removal and remediation. Recent progress in the development of fluorine-containing compounds as molecular imaging and therapeutic agents will be reviewed and their design features contrasted with environmental and health risks for PFAS systems. Finally, present challenges and future directions in the exploitation of the biological aspects of fluorinated systems will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kai Yan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hui Peng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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7
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Miller MA, Sletten EM. Perfluorocarbons in Chemical Biology. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3451-3462. [PMID: 32628804 PMCID: PMC7736518 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorocarbons, saturated carbon chains in which all the hydrogen atoms are replaced with fluorine, form a separate phase from both organic and aqueous solutions. Though perfluorinated compounds are not found in living systems, they can be used to modify biomolecules to confer orthogonal behavior within natural systems, such as improved stability, engineered assembly, and cell-permeability. Perfluorinated groups also provide handles for purification, mass spectrometry, and 19 F NMR studies in complex environments. Herein, we describe how the unique properties of perfluorocarbons have been employed to understand and manipulate biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margeaux A Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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8
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Zhang C, Liu T, Wang W, Bell CA, Han Y, Fu C, Peng H, Tan X, Král P, Gaus K, Gooding JJ, Whittaker AK. Tuning of the Aggregation Behavior of Fluorinated Polymeric Nanoparticles for Improved Therapeutic Efficacy. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7425-7434. [PMID: 32401485 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of fluorinated moieties in polymeric nanoparticles has been shown in many instances to increase their uptake by living cells and, hence, has proven to be a useful approach to enhancing delivery to cells. However, it remains unclear how incorporation of fluorine affects critical transport processes, such as interactions with membranes, intracellular transport, and tumor penetration. In this study, we investigate the influence of fluorine on transport properties using a series of rationally designed poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate)-block-perfluoropolyether (poly(OEGA)m-PFPE) copolymers. Copolymers with different fluorine contents were prepared and exhibit aggregate in solution in a manner dependent on the fluorine content. Doxorubicin-conjugated poly(OEGA)20-PFPE nanoparticles with lower fluorine content exist in solution as unimers, leading to greater exposure of hydrophobic PFPE segments to the cell surface. This, in turn, results in greater cellular uptake, deeper tumor penetration, as well as enhanced therapeutic efficacy compared to that with the micelle-state nanoaggregates (poly(OEGA)10-PFPE and poly(OEGA)5-PFPE) with higher fluorine content but with less PFPE exposed to the cell membranes. Our results demonstrate that the aggregation behavior of these fluorinated polymers plays a critical role in internalization and transport in living cells and 3D spheroids, providing important design criteria for the preparation of highly effective delivery agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Tianqing Liu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Petr Král
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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9
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Marson D, Guida F, Şologan M, Boccardo S, Pengo P, Perissinotto F, Iacuzzi V, Pellizzoni E, Polizzi S, Casalis L, Pasquato L, Pacor S, Tossi A, Posocco P. Mixed Fluorinated/Hydrogenated Self-Assembled Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles: In Silico and In Vitro Behavior. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900323. [PMID: 30941901 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) covered with mixtures of immiscible ligands present potentially anisotropic surfaces that can modulate their interactions at complex nano-bio interfaces. Mixed, self-assembled, monolayer (SAM)-protected AuNPs, prepared with incompatible hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon amphiphilic ligands, are used here to probe the molecular basis of surface phase separation and disclose the role of fluorinated ligands on the interaction with lipid model membranes and cells, by integrating in silico and experimental approaches. These results indicate that the presence of fluorinated amphiphilic ligands enhances the membrane binding ability and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles with respect to those coated only with hydrogenated amphiphilic ligands. For mixed monolayers, computational results suggest that ligand phase separation occurs on the gold surface, and the resulting anisotropy affects the number of contacts and adhesion energies with a membrane bilayer. This reflects in a diverse membrane interaction for NPs with different surface morphologies, as determined by surface plasmon resonance, as well as differential effects on cells, as observed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Overall, limited changes in monolayer features can significantly affect NP surface interfacial properties, which, in turn, affect the interaction of SAM-AuNPs with cellular membranes and subsequent effects on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Marson
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Filomena Guida
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Şologan
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Boccardo
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Perissinotto
- NanoInnovation Laboratory, Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Valentina Iacuzzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Pellizzoni
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Polizzi
- Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University, 30172, Venezia, Italy
- Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "G. Stevanato,", 30172, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Loredana Casalis
- NanoInnovation Laboratory, Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Lucia Pasquato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pacor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Posocco
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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10
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Miller MA, Sletten EM. A General Approach to Biocompatible Branched Fluorous Tags for Increased Solubility in Perfluorocarbon Solvents. Org Lett 2018; 20:6850-6854. [PMID: 30354161 PMCID: PMC6321771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A modular, cost-effective route to a library of branched fluorous tags with two short, biocompatible, fluorinated chains (C6F13) is reported. These branched fluorous tags provide high fluorous content without the use of long-chain linear perfluorocarbons, which have rising health concerns due to their bioaccumulation. By attaching these tags to a porphyrin, it is demonstrated that high solubility can be achieved in fluorous solvents that are readily cleared from mammals. This work enhances the biocompatibility of perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margeaux A. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ellen M. Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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11
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The fluorination effect of fluoroamphiphiles in cytosolic protein delivery. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1377. [PMID: 29636457 PMCID: PMC5893556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct delivery of proteins into cells avoids many drawbacks of gene delivery, and thus has emerging applications in biotherapy. However, it remains a challenging task owing to limited charges and relatively large size of proteins. Here, we report an efficient protein delivery system via the co-assembly of fluoroamphiphiles and proteins into nanoparticles. Fluorous substituents on the amphiphiles play essential roles in the formation of uniform nanoparticles, avoiding protein denaturation, efficient endocytosis, and maintaining low cytotoxicity. Structure-activity relationship studies reveal that longer fluorous chain length and higher fluorination degree contribute to more efficient protein delivery, but excess fluorophilicity on the polymer leads to the pre-assembly of fluoroamphiphiles into stable vesicles, and thus failed protein encapsulation and cytosolic delivery. This study highlights the advantage of fluoroamphiphiles over other existing strategies for intracellular protein delivery. Proteins can serve as means of medical treatment, but their efficient delivery to cells is difficult. Here, the authors present a type of polymers, fluoroamphiphiles, acting as chemical chaperones that can facilitate the import of proteins into the inner compartment, i.e. cytosol, of cells.
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Şologan M, Boccalon M, Bidoggia S, Gentilini C, Pasquato L, Pengo P. Self-sorting in mixed fluorinated/hydrogenated assemblies. Supramol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2017.1386307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Şologan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariangela Boccalon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Bidoggia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cristina Gentilini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Pasquato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Saito S, Murai Y, Usuki S, Yoshida M, Hammam MAS, Mitsutake S, Yuyama K, Igarashi Y, Monde K. Synthesis of Nontoxic Fluorous Sphingolipids as Molecular Probes of Exogenous Metabolic Studies for Rapid Enrichment by Fluorous Solid Phase Extraction. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Saito
- Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Yuta Murai
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Seigo Usuki
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Masafumi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Mostafa A. S. Hammam
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Susumu Mitsutake
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Kohei Yuyama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Igarashi
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
| | - Kenji Monde
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Kita 21 Nishi 11 001-0021 Sapporo Japan
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Zeng H, Johnson ME, Oldenhuis N, Tiambeng TN, Guan Z. Structure-Based Design of Dendritic Peptide Bolaamphiphiles for siRNA Delivery. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2015; 1:303-312. [PMID: 26436138 PMCID: PMC4582325 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.5b00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Development of safe and effective delivery vectors is a critical challenge for the application of RNA interference (RNAi)-based biotechnologies. In this study we show the rational design of a series of novel dendritic peptide bolaamphiphile vectors that demonstrate high efficiency for the delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) while exhibiting low cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity. Systematic investigation into structure-property relationships revealed an important correlation between molecular design, self-assembled nanostructure, and biological activity. The unique bolaamphiphile architecture proved a key factor for improved complex stability and transfection efficiency. The optimal vector contains a fluorocarbon core and exhibited enhanced delivery efficiency to a variety of cell lines and improved serum resistance when compared to hydrocarbon analogues and lipofectamine RNAiMAX. In addition to introducing a promising new vector system for siRNA delivery, the structure-property relationships and "fluorocarbon effect" revealed herein offer critical insight for further development of novel materials for nucleic acid delivery and other biomaterial applications.
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Alonso C, Martínez de Marigorta E, Rubiales G, Palacios F. Carbon trifluoromethylation reactions of hydrocarbon derivatives and heteroarenes. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1847-935. [PMID: 25635524 DOI: 10.1021/cr500368h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 792] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Alonso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I - Centro de Investigación Lascaray, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco , Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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16
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Hymel D, Peterson BR. Synthetic cell surface receptors for delivery of therapeutics and probes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:797-810. [PMID: 22401875 PMCID: PMC3359398 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a highly efficient mechanism for cellular uptake of membrane-impermeant ligands. Cells use this process to acquire nutrients, initiate signal transduction, promote development, regulate neurotransmission, and maintain homeostasis. Natural receptors that participate in receptor-mediated endocytosis are structurally diverse, ranging from large transmembrane proteins to small glycolipids embedded in the outer leaflet of cellular plasma membranes. Despite their vast structural differences, these receptors share common features of binding to extracellular ligands, clustering in dynamic membrane regions that pinch off to yield intracellular vesicles, and accumulation of receptor-ligand complexes in membrane-sealed endosomes. Receptors typically dissociate from ligands in endosomes and cycle back to the cell surface, whereas internalized ligands are usually delivered into lysosomes, where they are degraded, but some can escape and penetrate into the cytosol. Here, we review efforts to develop synthetic cell surface receptors, defined as nonnatural compounds, exemplified by mimics of cholesterol, that insert into plasma membranes, bind extracellular ligands including therapeutics, probes, and endogenous proteins, and engage endocytic membrane trafficking pathways. By mimicking natural mechanisms of receptor-mediated endocytosis, synthetic cell surface receptors have the potential to function as prosthetic molecules capable of seamlessly augmenting the endocytic uptake machinery of living mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hymel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States
| | - Blake R. Peterson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States
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18
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Huang W, Sun W, Song Z, Yu Y, Chen X, Zhang Q. Incorporation of a fluorous diazirine group into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to illustrate its interaction with ADP-ribosylation factor 1. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:5197-201. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25276g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bahmanjah S, Zhang N, Davis JT. Monoacylglycerols as transmembrane Cl− anion transporters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4432-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc18148g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Krafft MP. Controlling phospholipid self-assembly and film properties using highly fluorinated components – Fluorinated monolayers, vesicles, emulsions and microbubbles. Biochimie 2012; 94:11-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Leriche G, Budin G, Darwich Z, Weltin D, Mély Y, Klymchenko AS, Wagner A. A FRET-based probe with a chemically deactivatable quencher. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3224-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17542h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Smith EA, Wang W, Dea PK. Effects of cholesterol on phospholipid membranes: inhibition of the interdigitated gel phase of F-DPPC and F-DPPC/DPPC. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 165:151-9. [PMID: 22200532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Unlike the parent phospholipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), the monofluorinated analog, 1-palmitoyl-2-(16-fluoropalmitoyl)sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (F-DPPC), spontaneously forms an interdigitated gel phase (L(β)I) below the main transition temperature (T(m)). We have examined the effects of introducing cholesterol to F-DPPC and 1:1 F-DPPC/DPPC membranes using a combination of DSC, optical density, fluorescence intensity and polarization, (31)P NMR, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Cholesterol increases the fluidity of the gel phase, broadens the main transition, and decreases the main transition enthalpy. However, these results also reveal that there is an unusually large degree of phase coexistence between the L(β)I and non-interdigitated gel phases when cholesterol is added. Cholesterol encourages this phase segregation by partitioning into the thicker non-interdigitated domains. At higher cholesterol concentrations, the majority or all of the L(β)I phase of F-DPPC and 1:1 F-DPPC/DPPC is eliminated and is replaced by a non-interdigitated liquid-ordered (l(o)) phase with properties similar to DPPC/cholesterol. Consequently, cholesterol mitigates the influence the CF moiety has on the thermodynamic phase behavior of F-DPPC. Our findings demonstrate that there are multiple characteristics of cholesterol-rich membranes that disfavor interdigitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA
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Furman JL, Badran AH, Ajulo O, Porter JR, Stains CI, Segal DJ, Ghosh I. Toward a general approach for RNA-templated hierarchical assembly of split-proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:11692-701. [PMID: 20681585 DOI: 10.1021/ja104395b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability to conditionally turn on a signal or induce a function in the presence of a user-defined RNA target has potential applications in medicine and synthetic biology. Although sequence-specific pumilio repeat proteins can target a limited set of ssRNA sequences, there are no general methods for targeting ssRNA with designed proteins. As a first step toward RNA recognition, we utilized the RNA binding domain of argonaute, implicated in RNA interference, for specifically targeting generic 2-nucleotide, 3' overhangs of any dsRNA. We tested the reassembly of a split-luciferase enzyme guided by argonaute-mediated recognition of newly generated nucleotide overhangs when ssRNA is targeted by a designed complementary guide sequence. This approach was successful when argonaute was utilized in conjunction with a pumilio repeat and expanded the scope of potential ssRNA targets. However, targeting any desired ssRNA remained elusive as two argonaute domains provided minimal reassembled split-luciferase. We next designed and tested a second hierarchical assembly, wherein ssDNA guides are appended to DNA hairpins that serve as a scaffold for high affinity zinc fingers attached to split-luciferase. In the presence of a ssRNA target containing adjacent sequences complementary to the guides, the hairpins are brought into proximity, allowing for zinc finger binding and concomitant reassembly of the fragmented luciferase. The scope of this new approach was validated by specifically targeting RNA encoding VEGF, hDM2, and HER2. These approaches provide potentially general design paradigms for the conditional reassembly of fragmented proteins in the presence of any desired ssRNA target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Furman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Abstract
Very few molecules with biological origins contain the element fluorine. Nature's inability to incorporate fluorine into biomolecules is related to the low concentration of free fluoride in sea and surface water. However, judicious introduction of fluorine into proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates has allowed mechanistic scrutiny of enzyme catalysis, control of protein oligomerization in membranes, clustered display of ligands on surfaces of living cells, and in increasing the protease stability of protein and peptide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Akçay
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155
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