1
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Yang Q, Hu Y, Kong X, Lei YZ. Copper-Catalyzed, Regioselective, Unsymmetrical Homocoupling of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones to Form C-N Homodimers. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14274-14282. [PMID: 37774417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally benign and efficient method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with potential axial chirality via inexpensive copper-catalyzed, low-toxicity, and stable PIFA oxidation, rarely assisted by PhSeSePh, regioselective homocoupling of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones under mild conditions is developed. This practical scheme is compatible with a variety of functional groups and allows the preparation of functionalized unsymmetrical dimeric quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones from readily available and safe starting materials, providing new ideas for the sustainable development of methodological studies of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Yang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, Guizhou 553004, PR China
| | - Yueyue Hu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, Guizhou 553004, PR China
| | - Xiangtao Kong
- Henan Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yi-Zhu Lei
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, Guizhou 553004, PR China
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2
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Ali HA, Ismail MA, Fouda AEAS, Ghaith EA. A fruitful century for the scalable synthesis and reactions of biphenyl derivatives: applications and biological aspects. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18262-18305. [PMID: 37333795 PMCID: PMC10274569 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03531j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides recent developments in the current status and latest synthetic methodologies of biphenyl derivatives. Furthermore, this review investigates detailed discussions of several metalated chemical reactions related to biphenyl scaffolds such as Wurtz-Fittig, Ullmann, Bennett-Turner, Negishi, Kumada, Stille, Suzuki-Miyaura, Friedel-Crafts, cyanation, amination, and various electrophilic substitution reactions supported by their mechanistic pathways. Furthermore, the preconditions required for the existence of axial chirality in biaryl compounds are discussed. Furthermore, atropisomerism as a type of axial chirality in biphenyl molecules is discussed. Additionally, this review covers a wide range of biological and medicinal applications of the synthesized compounds involving patented approaches in the last decade corresponding to investigating the crucial role of the biphenyl structures in APIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar A Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ismail
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Abd El-Aziz S Fouda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Eslam A Ghaith
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University 35516 Mansoura Egypt
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3
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Yu T, Wang Y, Dong Y, Han D, Liu N, Wang B, Tang Y, Wei H. Dehydrogenative Syntheses of Biazoles via a "Pre-Join" Approach. JACS AU 2023; 3:80-85. [PMID: 36711107 PMCID: PMC9875268 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The structural motif of biazoles is the predominant substructure of many natural products, pharmaceuticals, and organic materials. Considerable efforts have focused on synthesizing these compounds; however, a limited number of processes have been reported for the efficient formation of biazoles. Herein, we report a "pre-join" approach for the dehydrogenative synthesis of biazoles, which are challenging to prepare using conventional methods. A bench-stable and easily synthesized pyrazine-based group is critical for this transformation. This strategy enables the homocoupling of biazoles and the heterocoupling of two different azoles. Due to the broad substrate scope, this strategy exhibits potential for use in other fields, such as medicine, materials, and natural product chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry
of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry
of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqun Dong
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
| | - Derui Han
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry
of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Xi’an
Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bozhou Wang
- Xi’an
Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxing Tang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry
of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Kwon NY, Mishra NK, Park JS, Woo SK, Ghosh P, Kim IS. KO tBu-promoted C3-homocoupling of quinoxalinones through single electron transfer from an sp 2 carbanion intermediate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7078-7081. [PMID: 35662294 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02636h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The C3-selective homodimerization of quinoxalinones is described. A C3-sp2 carbanion species generated through deprotonation of quinoxalinone using potassium tert-butoxide (KOtBu) transfers an electron (single electron transfer mechanism) to a second quinoxalinone, affording a radical-anion intermediate. The radical scavenging and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments support the plausible radical reaction pathway. A mild reaction temperature and a short reaction time were attained under cost-effective conditions, which reveal the amenability of this protocol to pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yeon Kwon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Neeraj Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Su Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Woo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-Ro, Nam-Gu, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Prithwish Ghosh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Shen MH, Guo B, Li C, Sun CL, Zhu YF, Zhu C, Xu HD, Xu D. Aerobic copper-catalyzed homo-coupling of azaallyl anions: a facile access to vicinal diamines. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Ye Y, Yue Y, Guo X, Chao J, Yang Y, Sun C, Lv Q, Liu J. Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of N‐Pyridylindole Leading to Fused Quinazolinones. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Yue
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Junli Chao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Chunying Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Qingzhang Lv
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Jianming Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang, Henan 453007 P. R. China
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7
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Baldwin AF, Caporello MA, Chen G, Goetz AE, Hu W, Jin C, Knopf KM, Li Z, Lu CV, Monfette S, Puchlopek-Dermenci ALA, Shi F. Kilogram-Scale Preparation of an Aminopyrazole Building Block via Copper-Catalyzed Aryl Amidation. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron F. Baldwin
- Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Michaella A. Caporello
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Guoyong Chen
- Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co. Ltd., #90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Adam E. Goetz
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Weifeng Hu
- Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co. Ltd., #90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Chengfeng Jin
- Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co. Ltd., #90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Kevin M. Knopf
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co. Ltd., #90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Cuong V. Lu
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sebastien Monfette
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Angela L. A. Puchlopek-Dermenci
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Feng Shi
- Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co. Ltd., #90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
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8
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Khandaka H, Sharma KN, Joshi RK. Aerobic Cu and amine free Sonogashira and Stille couplings of aryl bromides/chlorides with a magnetically recoverable Fe3O4@SiO2 immobilized Pd(II)-thioether containing NHC. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Mogensen SB, Taylor MK, Lee JW. Homocoupling Reactions of Azoles and Their Applications in Coordination Chemistry. Molecules 2020; 25:E5950. [PMID: 33334079 PMCID: PMC7765535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazole, a member of the structural class of azoles, exhibits molecular properties of interest in pharmaceuticals and materials chemistry, owing to the two adjacent nitrogen atoms in the five-membered ring system. The weakly basic nitrogen atoms of deprotonated pyrazoles have been applied in coordination chemistry, particularly to access coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks, and homocoupling reactions can in principle provide facile access to bipyrazole ligands. In this context, we summarize recent advances in homocoupling reactions of pyrazoles and other types of azoles (imidazoles, triazoles and tetrazoles) to highlight the utility of homocoupling reactions in synthesizing symmetric bi-heteroaryl systems compared with traditional synthesis. Metal-free reactions and transition-metal catalyzed homocoupling reactions are discussed with reaction mechanisms in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen B. Mogensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;
| | - Mercedes K. Taylor
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Ji-Woong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;
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10
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Akhtar R, Zahoor AF. Transition metal catalyzed Glaser and Glaser-Hay coupling reactions: Scope, classical/green methodologies and synthetic applications. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1802757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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11
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Zhao P, Wang K, Yue Y, Chao J, Ye Y, Tang Q, Liu J. Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Amination of Indole Derivatives
via
Single‐Electron Transfer. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peizheng Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
| | - Ke Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
| | - Yuanyuan Yue
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
| | - Junli Chao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
| | - Yaqing Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
| | - Qinghu Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
| | - Jianming Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China.) and
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12
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Xie W, Heo J, Kim D, Chang S. Copper-Catalyzed Direct C-H Alkylation of Polyfluoroarenes by Using Hydrocarbons as an Alkylating Source. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7487-7496. [PMID: 32233362 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Construction of carbon-carbon bonds is one of the most important tools in chemical synthesis. In the previously established cross-coupling reactions, prefunctionalized starting materials were usually employed in the form of aryl or alkyl (pseudo)halides or their metalated derivatives. However, the direct use of arenes and alkanes via a 2-fold oxidative C-H bond activation strategy to access chemoselective C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-couplings is highly challenging due to the low reactivity of carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds and the difficulty in suppressing side reactions such as homocouplings. Herein, we present the new development of a copper-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling of polyfluoroarenes with alkanes under mild conditions. Relatively weak sp3 C-H bonds at the benzylic or allylic positions, and nonactivated hydrocarbons could be alkylated by the newly developed catalyst system. A moderate-to-high site selectivity was observed among various C-H bonds present in hydrocarbon reactants, including gaseous feedstocks and complex molecules. Mechanistic information was obtained by performing combined experimental and computational studies to reveal that the copper catalyst plays a dual role in activating both alkane sp3 C-H bonds and sp2 polyfluoroarene C-H bonds. It was also suggested that the noncovalent π-π interaction and weak hydrogen bonds formed in situ between the optimal ligand and arene substrates are key to facilitating the current coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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13
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Chen J, Li M, Zhang J, Sun W, Jiang Y. Copper-Catalyzed Functionalization of Aza-Aromatic Rings with Fluoroalcohols via Direct C(sp2)–H/C(sp3)–H Coupling Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:3033-3038. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Meng Li
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wangbin Sun
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yaojia Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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14
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Shinde VN, Bhuvanesh N, Kumar A, Joshi H. Design and Syntheses of Palladium Complexes of NNN/CNN Pincer Ligands: Catalyst for Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of Heteroarenes. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikki N. Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani 333031, India
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani 333031, India
| | - Hemant Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
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15
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Green KA, Hoover JM. Intermediacy of Copper(I) under Oxidative Conditions in the Aerobic Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Thiolation of Benzoic Acids. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry-Ann Green
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jessica M. Hoover
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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16
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Sadek KU, Mekheimer RA, Abd-Elmonem M. Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Cinnoline Derivatives. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666180712124148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Crinnolines can serve as unique and versatile class of heterocycles especially in fields related
to synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry owing to their potent biological activities. They possess diversity
of pharmaceutical activities as anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic as well
as anti-hypertensive activities. Since the first synthesis of cinnoline by Richter (1883) numerous protocols
for their synthesis have been developed utilizing arenediazonium salts, aryl hydrazines and arylhydhydrazones
precursors. Recently metal catalyzed C-C and C-N bond formation reactions have
emerged as efficient tools for synthesis of cinnoline derivatives. This review aims to focus on the recent
synthetic routes used for the synthesis of cinnoline derivatives. An effort has been carried out to provide
an overview of practical methods for preparing cinnolines. Furthermore the reaction mechanisms have
been described in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Usef Sadek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Abd-Elmonem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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17
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Bernhardson DJ, Widlicka DW, Singer RA. Cu-Catalyzed Couplings of Heteroaryl Primary Amines and (Hetero)aryl Bromides with 6-Hydroxypicolinamide Ligands. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Bernhardson
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel W. Widlicka
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert A. Singer
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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18
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Yamada S, Kaneda T, Steib P, Murakami K, Itami K. Dehydrogenative Synthesis of 2,2′‐Bipyridyls through Regioselective Pyridine Dimerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8341-8345. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Yamada
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneda
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Philip Steib
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- JST-ERATOItami Molecular Nanocarbon ProjectNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
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19
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Pei X, Zhou G, Li X, Xu Y, Panicker RC, Srinivasan R. Sterically controlled C-H/C-H homocoupling of arenes via C-H borylation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5703-5707. [PMID: 31140535 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00995g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mild one-pot protocol for the synthesis of symmetrical biaryls by sequential Ir-catalyzed C-H borylation and Cu-catalyzed homocoupling of arenes is described. The regiochemistry of the biaryl formed is sterically controlled as dictated by the C-H borylation step. The methodology is also successfully extended to heteroarenes. Some of the products obtained by this approach are impossible to obtain via the Ullmann or the Suzuki coupling protocols. Finally, we have shown a one-pot sequence describing C-H borylation/Cu-catalyzed homocoupling/Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling to obtain π-extended arene frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (SPST), Tianjin University, Building 24, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
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20
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Yamada S, Kaneda T, Steib P, Murakami K, Itami K. Dehydrogenative Synthesis of 2,2′‐Bipyridyls through Regioselective Pyridine Dimerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Yamada
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneda
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Philip Steib
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- JST-ERATOItami Molecular Nanocarbon ProjectNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
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21
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Vasconcelos SN, Reis JS, de Oliveira IM, Balfour MN, Stefani HA. Synthesis of symmetrical biaryl compounds by homocoupling reaction. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Gandeepan P, Müller T, Zell D, Cera G, Warratz S, Ackermann L. 3d Transition Metals for C-H Activation. Chem Rev 2018; 119:2192-2452. [PMID: 30480438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1424] [Impact Index Per Article: 237.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material sciences, crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these C-H functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given the cost-effective and sustainable nature of earth-abundant first row transition metals, the development of less toxic, inexpensive 3d metal catalysts for C-H activation has gained considerable recent momentum as a significantly more environmentally-benign and economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview on first row transition metal catalysts for C-H activation until summer 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Daniel Zell
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
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23
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Simonetti M, Kuniyil R, Macgregor SA, Larrosa I. Benzoate Cyclometalation Enables Oxidative Addition of Haloarenes at a Ru(II) Center. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11836-11847. [PMID: 30134657 PMCID: PMC6192667 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
first Ru(II)-catalyzed arylation of substrates without a directing
group was recently developed. Remarkably, this process only worked
in the presence of a benzoate additive, found to be crucial for the
oxidative addition step at Ru(II). However, the exact mode of action
of the benzoate was unknown. Herein, we disclose a mechanistic study
that elucidates the key role of the benzoate salt in the C–H
arylation of fluoroarenes with aryl halides. Through a combination
of rationally designed stoichiometric experiments and DFT studies,
we demonstrate that the aryl–Ru(II) species arising from initial
C–H activation of the fluoroarene undergoes cyclometalation
with the benzoate to generate an anionic Ru(II) intermediate. The
enhanced lability of this intermediate, coupled with the electron-rich
anionic Ru(II) metal center renders the oxidative addition of the
aryl halide accessible. The role of an additional (NMe4)OC(CF3)3 additive in facilitating the overall
arylation process is also shown to be linked to a shift in the C–H
pre-equilibrium associated with benzoate cyclometalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Simonetti
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institute of Chemical Sciences , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS , U.K
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS , U.K
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
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24
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P S, Sau SC, Vardhanapu PK, Mandal SK. Halo-Bridged Abnormal NHC Palladium(II) Dimer for Catalytic Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling Reactions of Heteroarenes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:9403-9411. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreejyothi P
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Samaresh Chandra Sau
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Pavan K. Vardhanapu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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25
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26
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Samanta S, Hajra A. Regioselective synthesis of unsymmetrical biheteroaryls via copper(ii)-catalyzed cascade annulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3379-3382. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00671g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile and efficient copper-catalyzed cascade annulation of an imidazoheterocycle with salicylaldehyde, piperidine, and terminal alkyne was developed to afford unsymmetrical biheteroaryl derivatives in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati (A Central University)
- India
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27
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Xu D, Sun Q, Quan Z, Wang X, Sun W. Cobalt-Catalyzed Dimerization and Homocoupling of Terminal Alkynes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou 730070 Gansu China
| | - Qiangsheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zhengjun Quan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou 730070 Gansu China
| | - Xicun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou 730070 Gansu China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 China
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28
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Abstract
Azines, which are six-membered aromatic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atoms, serve as ubiquitous structural cores of aromatic species with important applications in biological and materials sciences. Among a variety of synthetic approaches toward azines, C-H functionalization represents the most rapid and atom-economical transformation, and it is advantageous for the late-stage functionalization of azine-containing functional molecules. Since azines have several C-H bonds with different reactivities, the development of new reactions that allow for the functionalization of azines in a regioselective fashion has comprised a central issue. This review describes recent advances in the C-H functionalization of azines categorized as follows: (1) SNAr reactions, (2) radical reactions, (3) deprotonation/functionalization, and (4) metal-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shuya Yamada
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneda
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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29
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Abstract
Transition metal-mediated C-H bond activation and functionalization represent one of the most straightforward and powerful tools in modern organic synthetic chemistry. Bi(hetero)aryls are privileged π-conjugated structural cores in biologically active molecules, organic functional materials, ligands, and organic synthetic intermediates. The oxidative C-H/C-H coupling reactions between two (hetero)arenes through 2-fold C-H activation offer a valuable opportunity for rapid assembly of diverse bi(hetero)aryls and further exploitation of their applications in pharmaceutical and material sciences. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and applications of transition metal-mediated/catalyzed oxidative C-H/C-H coupling reactions between two (hetero)arenes. The substrate scope, limitation, reaction mechanism, regioselectivity, and chemoselectivity, as well as related control strategies of these reactions are discussed. Additionally, the applications of these established methods in the synthesis of natural products and exploitation of new organic functional materials are exemplified. In the last section, a short introduction on oxidant- or Lewis acid-mediated oxidative Ar-H/Ar-H coupling reactions is presented, considering that it is a very powerful method for the construction of biaryl units and polycylic arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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30
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Vahabi AH, Alizadeh A, Khavasi HR, Bazgir A. Palladium-catalyzed, unsymmetrical homocoupling of thiophenes via carbon–sulfur bond activation: a new avenue to homocoupling reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7830-7840. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01923h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of an unprecedented pattern of reactivity, namely the C–N unsymmetrical homocoupling by joining the electrophilic and nucleophilic motifs of the substrate through transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ayoob Bazgir
- Department of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
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31
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Brassard CJ, Zhang X, Brewer CR, Liu P, Clark RJ, Zhu L. Cu(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative Formation of 5,5′-Bistriazoles. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12091-12105. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Brassard
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Christopher R. Brewer
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Peiye Liu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Ronald J. Clark
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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32
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Guo Q, Wu D, You J. Oxidative Direct Arylation Polymerization Using Oxygen as the Sole Oxidant: Facile, Green Access to Bithiazole-Based Polymers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2765-2768. [PMID: 27553577 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The most appealing oxidant, molecular oxygen, is employed for the first time as the sole oxidant in the transition metal-catalyzed oxidative direct arylation polymerization (C-H/C-H-type DArP), which eliminates by-product formation of stoichiometric metal salts except for water . Compared to conventional approaches, other than the avoidance of an end-capping procedure, the current protocol is remarkably advanced in the aspect of eco-friendliness, step- and cost-economy, and, of special significance, the purity of polymer products. As illustrative examples, six 5,5'-bithiazole-based polymers are synthesized using this new method, demonstrating higher number-average molecular weight (Mn up to 33 700) in better yields (up to 93 %) through only one step. The evolution of C-H/C-H-type DArP from heavy metal salts to O2 alone as the oxidant could solve the problem of metal residues in polymers, which is considered harmful to the performance of devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, China
- College of Optoelectronic Technology, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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33
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Cai Y, Zhang S, Xue Y, Jiang J, Chen ZX. Density Functional and Kinetic Monte Carlo Study of Cu-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of Thiazoles with THF. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1806-12. [PMID: 26796292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cu-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction of thiazoles with THF has been studied with the density functional theory method and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations. Our results show that the previously proposed concerted metalation-deprotonation mechanism is unfavorable. On the basis of the DFT calculation and kMC simulation results, a new mechanism is proposed. In the favorable mechanism, the Cu(II) catalyst first combines with the thiazoles, forming an organocopper species that then binds to the THF radical. The rate-limiting step, C-C bond formation, is realized through an intramolecular structural rearrangement. The Cu catalyst works as a matchmaker to render the C-C bond formation. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that one should be careful with the conclusions drawn simply from the calculated barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Cai
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Sheng'en Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yunsheng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College , No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Juli Jiang
- Center for Multimolecular Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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34
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Qi X, Bai R, Zhu L, Jin R, Lei A, Lan Y. Mechanism of Synergistic Cu(II)/Cu(I)-Mediated Alkyne Coupling: Dinuclear 1,2-Reductive Elimination after Minimum Energy Crossing Point. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1654-60. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Qi
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Jin
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Lan
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, People’s Republic of China
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35
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Yi H, Zhang G, Xin J, Deng Y, Miller JT, Kropf AJ, Bunel EE, Qi X, Lan Y, Lee JF, Lei A. Homolytic cleavage of the O–Cu(ii) bond: XAFS and EPR spectroscopy evidence for one electron reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i). Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6914-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01413e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate that the tBuO− anion serves not only as the base but also as a mediator to promote the reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i) in copper catalysis. XAFS and EPR spectroscopy evidence the [Cu(OtBu)3]− ate complex as the key intermediate which undergoes homolytic cleavage of the O–Cu(ii) bond generating [Cu(OtBu)2]− ate complex.
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36
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Zhang G, Yi H, Xin J, Deng Y, Bai R, Huang Z, Miller JT, Kropf AJ, Bunel EE, Qi X, Lan Y, Lei A. Aromatic C–H bond cleavage by using a Cu(i) ate-complex. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00201c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ate-complex [Cu(OtBu)2]Na was found to be able to cleave C–H bond of benzothiazole (ArH) producing [ArCuI(OtBu)]Na with a rate constant of 3.2 × 10−2 mol−1 L s−1 at −50 °C and with an activation enthalpy of 0.73 kcal mol−1 at room temperature.
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37
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Sagadevan A, Charpe VP, Hwang KC. Copper(i) chloride catalysed room temperature Csp–Csp homocoupling of terminal alkynes mediated by visible light. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy01400c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An eco-friendly approach to the Csp–Csp homocoupling of terminal alkynes (including electron-withdrawing groups) was achieved at room temperature via a copper(i) chloride catalysed process mediated by visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
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38
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Zhang HJ, Su F, Wen TB. Copper-Catalyzed Direct C2-Benzylation of Indoles with Alkylarenes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11322-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Feng Su
- Department
of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Bin Wen
- Department
of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
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39
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Lei S, Cao H, Chen L, Liu J, Cai H, Tan J. Regioselective Oxidative Homocoupling Reaction: An Efficient Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Biimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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40
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Zhang C, Jiao N. Copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative coupling of anilines leading to aromatic azo compounds using dioxygen as an oxidant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 49:6174-7. [PMID: 20652918 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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41
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Wang S, Guo R, Wang G, Chen SY, Yu XQ. Copper-catalyzed phosphorylation of sp(2) C-H bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:12718-21. [PMID: 25204577 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The phosphorylation of the ortho C-H bonds in benzamides containing an 8-aminoquinoline moiety as a bidentate directing group with H-phosphonates using copper as a catalyst under mild temperature conditions is described. This method shows high functional group compatibility and selectively gives mono-substituted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China.
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42
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Lu Y, Zhang H, Li M, Yang Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Li C. Pd-catalysed oxidative C–H/C–H coupling polymerization for polythiazole-based derivatives. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Culf AS, Čuperlović-Culf M, Ouellette RJ, Decken A. Metal-Free, Acid-Catalyzed ortho-Directed Synthesis of Anthranilic Acid Derivatives Using Carbodiimides. Org Lett 2015; 17:2744-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian S. Culf
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
| | | | | | - Andreas Decken
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
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Shi Y, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Lan J, She Z, You J. Oxygen as an oxidant in palladium/copper-cocatalyzed oxidative C-H/C-H cross-coupling between two heteroarenes. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Qin X, Li X, Huang Q, Liu H, Wu D, Guo Q, Lan J, Wang R, You J. Rhodium(III)-CatalyzedorthoCH Heteroarylation of (Hetero)aromatic Carboxylic Acids: A Rapid and Concise Access to π-Conjugated Poly-heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7167-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Qin X, Li X, Huang Q, Liu H, Wu D, Guo Q, Lan J, Wang R, You J. Rhodium(III)-CatalyzedorthoCH Heteroarylation of (Hetero)aromatic Carboxylic Acids: A Rapid and Concise Access to π-Conjugated Poly-heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sharma P, Rohilla S, Jain N. Copper Acetate–DMSO Promoted Methylthiolation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4116-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India 110016
| | - Sandeep Rohilla
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India 110016
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India 110016
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Zhao Q, Chen L, Lang H, Wu S, Wang L. Pd(OAc)2/PPh3-Catalyzed Desulfonylative Homocoupling of Arylsulfonyl Chlorides. CHINESE J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201400868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Qin X, Sun D, You Q, Cheng Y, Lan J, You J. Rh(III)-Catalyzed Decarboxylative ortho-Heteroarylation of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids by Using the Carboxylic Acid as a Traceless Directing Group. Org Lett 2015; 17:1762-5. [PMID: 25799375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xurong Qin
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West
China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
- College
of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Denan Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West
China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qiulin You
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West
China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West
China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West
China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West
China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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Abstract
A method for aminoquinoline-directed, cobalt-promoted dimerization of benzamides has been developed. Reactions proceed in ethanol solvent in the presence of Mn(OAc)2 cocatalyst and Na2CO3 base and use oxygen as a terminal oxidant. Bromo, iodo, nitro, ether, and ester moieties are compatible with the reaction conditions. Cross-coupling of electronically dissimilar aminoquinoline benzamides proceeds with modest yields and selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liene Grigorjeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Olafs Daugulis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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