1
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Chen QC, Kress S, Molinelli R, Wuttig A. Interfacial Tuning of Electrocatalytic Ag Surfaces for Fragment-Based Electrophile Coupling. Nat Catal 2024; 7:120-131. [PMID: 38434422 PMCID: PMC10906991 DOI: 10.1038/s41929-023-01073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Construction of C‒C bonds in medicinal chemistry frequently draws on the reductive coupling of organic halides with ketones or aldehydes. Catalytic C(sp3)‒C(sp3) bond formation, however, is constrained by the competitive side reactivity of radical intermediates following sp3 organic halide activation. Here, an alternative paradigm deploys catalytic Ag surfaces for reductive fragment-based electrophile coupling compatible with sp3 organic halides. We use in-situ spectroscopy, electrochemical analyses, and simulation to uncover the catalytic interfacial structure and guide reaction development. Specifically, Mg(OAc)2 outcompetes the interaction between Ag and the aldehyde, thereby tuning the Ag surface for selective product formation. Data are consistent with an increased population of Mg-bound aldehyde facilitating the addition of a carbon-centered radical (product of Ag-electrocatalyzed organic halide reduction) to the carbonyl. Electron transfer from Ag to the resultant alkoxy radical yields the desired alcohol. Molecular interfacial tuning at reusable catalytic electrodes will accelerate development of sustainable organic synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Cheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, United States
| | - Sarah Kress
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, United States
| | - Rocco Molinelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, United States
| | - Anna Wuttig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, United States
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2
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Broniarz K, Hreczycho G. Access to Unsaturated Organogermanes via (De)Hydrosilylation Mediated by Cobalt Complexes. Org Lett 2023; 25:6528-6533. [PMID: 37646486 PMCID: PMC10496132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of alkynylgermanes using hydrosilanes was accomplished by employing cobalt catalysis. Depending on the reactants used, the reaction can proceed via dehydrogenative coupling or hydrosilylation. Importantly, the presented method is characterized by mild reaction conditions, allowing rapid access to a wide range of organogermanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstancja Broniarz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam
Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Hreczycho
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam
Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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3
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Abstract
The carbonyl group stands as a fundamental scaffold and plays a ubiquitous role in synthetically important chemical reactions in both academic and industrial contexts. Venerable transformations, including the aldol reaction, Grignard reaction, Wittig reaction, and Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction, constitute a vast and empowering synthetic arsenal. Notwithstanding, two-electron mechanisms inherently confine the breadth of accessible reactivity and topological patterns.Fostered by the rapid development of photoredox catalysis, combing well-entrenched carbonyl addition and radicals can harness several unique and increasingly sustainable transformations. In particular, unusual carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom disconnections, which are out of reach of two-electron carbonyl chemistry, can be conceived. To meet this end, a novel strategy toward the utilization of simple carbonyl compounds as intermolecular radical acceptors was developed. The reaction is enabled by visible-light photoredox-initiated hole catalysis. In situ Brønsted acid activation of the carbonyl moiety prevents β-scission from occurring. Furthermore, this regioselective alkyl radical addition reaction obviates the use of metals, ligands, or additives, thus offering a high degree of atom economy under mild conditions. On the basis of the same concept and the work of Schindler and co-workers, carbonyl-olefin cross-metathesis, induced by visible light, has also been achieved, leveraging a radical Prins-elimination sequence.Recently, dual chromium and photoredox catalysis has been developed by us and Kanai, offering a complementary approach to the revered Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction. Leveraging the intertwined synergy between light and metal, several radical-to-polar crossover transformations toward eminent molecular motifs have been developed. Reactions such as the redox-neutral allylation of aldehydes and radical carbonyl alkylation can harvest the power of light and enable the use of catalytic chromium metal. Overall, exquisite levels of diastereoselectivity can be enforced via highly compact transition states. Other examples, such as the dialkylation of 1,3-dienes and radical carbonyl propargylation portray the versatile combination of radicals and carbonyl addition in multicomponent coupling endeavors. Highly valuable motifs, which commonly occur in complex drug and natural product architectures, can now be accessed in a single operational step. Going beyond carbonyl addition, seminal contributions from Fagnoni and MacMillan preconized photocatalytic HAT-based acyl radical formation as a key aldehyde valorization strategy. Our group articulated this concept, leveraging carboxy radicals as hydrogen atom abstractors in high regio- and chemoselective carbonyl alkynylation and aldehyde trifluoromethylthiolation.This Account, in addition to the narrative of our group and others' contributions at the interface between carbonyl addition and radical-based photochemistry, aims to provide core guiding foundations toward novel disruptive synthetic developments. We envisage that extending radical-to-polar crossovers beyond Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi manifolds, taming less-activated carbonyls, leveraging multicomponent processes, and merging single electron steps with energy-transfer events will propel eminent breakthroughs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Ming Huang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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4
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Yu H, Zhan T, Zhou Y, Chen L, Liu X, Feng X. Visible-Light-Activated Asymmetric Addition of Hydrocarbons to Pyridine-Based Ketones. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tangyu Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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5
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Fang J, Min Q, Qin H, Liu F. Intermolecular Acylation with Acylphosphonates as Alkyl Radical Receptor under Metal-Free Conditions. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202207044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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6
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Juliá F, Constantin T, Leonori D. Applications of Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT) for the Generation of Carbon Radicals in Synthetic Photochemistry and Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2292-2352. [PMID: 34882396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The halogen-atom transfer (XAT) is one of the most important and applied processes for the generation of carbon radicals in synthetic chemistry. In this review, we summarize and highlight the most important aspects associated with XAT and the impact it has had on photochemistry and photocatalysis. The organization of the material starts with the analysis of the most important mechanistic aspects and then follows a subdivision based on the nature of the reagents used in the halogen abstraction. This review aims to provide a general overview of the fundamental concepts and main agents involved in XAT processes with the objective of offering a tool to understand and facilitate the development of new synthetic radical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Juliá
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Timothée Constantin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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7
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Zhang B, He J, Li Y, Song T, Fang Y, Li C. Cobalt-Catalyzed Markovnikov-Selective Radical Hydroacylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Acylphosphonates. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4955-4961. [PMID: 33783191 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acylphosphonates having the 5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxophosphinanyl skeleton are developed as efficient intermolecular radical acylation reagents, which enable the cobalt-catalyzed Markovnikov hydroacylation of unactivated alkenes at room temperature under mild conditions. The protocol exhibits broad substrate scope and wide functional group compatibility, providing branched ketones in satisfactory yields. A mechanism involving the Co-H mediated hydrogen atom transfer and subsequent trapping of alkyl radicals by acylphosphonates is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayan He
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao Song
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yewen Fang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, No. 201 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, No. 201 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China.,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Holownia A, Apte CN, Yudin AK. Acyl metalloids: conformity and deviation from carbonyl reactivity. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5346-5360. [PMID: 34163766 PMCID: PMC8179550 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Once considered as mere curiosities, acyl metalloids are now recognized for their utility in enabling chemical synthesis. This perspective considers the reactivity displayed by acylboron, -silicon, -germanium, and tellurium species. By highlighting the role of these species in various transformations, we demonstrate how differences between the comprising elements result in varied reaction outcomes. While acylboron compounds are primarily used in polar transformations, germanium and tellurium species have found utility as radical precursors. Applications of acylsilanes are comparatively more diverse, owing to the possibility to access both radical and polar chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Holownia
- Davenport Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Chirag N Apte
- Davenport Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Davenport Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
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9
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Kim JY, Lee YS, Choi Y, Ryu DH. Enantioselective 1,2-Addition of α-Aminoalkyl Radical to Aldehydes via Visible-Light Photoredox Initiated Chiral Oxazaborolidinium Ion Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yea Suel Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yuna Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon 16419, Korea
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10
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Wang H, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Franke R, Wu XF. Ruthenium-Catalyzed ortho
-Alkenylation of Aroylgermanes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Yang Yuan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Youcan Zhang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Robert Franke
- Evonik Industries AG; Paul-Baumann-Str. 1 45772 Marl Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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11
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Huang M, Shi H, Zhu C, He C, Hao W, Tu S, Jiang B. Stereospecific Synthesis of (
Z
,
Z
)‐Isobenzofurans
via
Radical‐Enabled Cleavage of C(
sp
3
)−C(
sp
3
) and C(
sp
2
)‐Halogen Bonds. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min‐Hua Huang
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao‐Nan Shi
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Chi‐Fan Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Chun‐Lan He
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Shu‐Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 People's Republic of China
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12
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Schwarz JL, Schäfers F, Tlahuext-Aca A, Lückemeier L, Glorius F. Diastereoselective Allylation of Aldehydes by Dual Photoredox and Chromium Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12705-12709. [PMID: 30216059 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the redox-neutral allylation of aldehydes with readily available electron-rich allyl (hetero-) arenes, β-alkyl styrenes and allyl-diarylamines. This process was enabled by the combination of photoredox and chromium catalysis, which allowed a range of homoallylic alcohols to be prepared with high levels of selectivity for the anti diastereomer. Mechanistic investigations support the formation of an allyl chromium intermediate from allylic C(sp3)-H bonds and thus significantly extends the scope of the venerable Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luca Schwarz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Felix Schäfers
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Adrian Tlahuext-Aca
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Lukas Lückemeier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
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13
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Zheng HX, Shan XH, Qu JP, Kang YB. Strategy for Overcoming Full Reversibility of Intermolecular Radical Addition to Aldehydes: Tandem C-H and C-O Bonds Cleaving Cyclization of (Phenoxymethyl)arenes with Carbonyls to Benzofurans. Org Lett 2018; 20:3310-3313. [PMID: 29775071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An intermolecular addition of carbon radicals enabled by a cascade radical coupling strategy is developed. It includes an intermolecular alkyl radical addition to a carbonyl group followed by an intramolecular alkoxy radical addition to haloarenes and produces substituted benzofurans in high yields. The radical nature of this reaction is explored by radical trapping experiments and EPR analysis. The mechanism is investigated by KIE experiments and control experiments. This method could provide rapid and practical access to the key intermediate of TAM-16, a safe and potent antibacterial agent for treating tuberculosis, and, therefore, is of great importance for organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Xiang-Huan Shan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Jian-Ping Qu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yan-Biao Kang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
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14
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Sumino S, Uno M, Huang HJ, Wu YK, Ryu I. Palladium/Light Induced Radical Alkenylation and Allylation of Alkyl Iodides Using Alkenyl and Allylic Sulfones. Org Lett 2018; 20:1078-1081. [PMID: 29405718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b04050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alkenylation and allylation of alkyl iodides with alkenyl and allyl sulfones, respectively, took place under Pd/photoirradiation system. The initial alkyl radical, derived from a single electron transfer between Pd(0) and RI, underwent the title transformations. Pd(0) was regenerated through a reductive elimination of PhSO2PdI, which is formed by the combination of the sulfonyl radical and the palladium radical. The addition of water was effective, presumably by pushing the equilibrium through hydrolysis of PhSO2I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Sumino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Misae Uno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hsin-Ju Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University , Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan
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15
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Pitzer L, Sandfort F, Strieth-Kalthoff F, Glorius F. Intermolecular Radical Addition to Carbonyls Enabled by Visible Light Photoredox Initiated Hole Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13652-13655. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Pitzer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frederik Sandfort
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Strieth-Kalthoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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16
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Sumino S, Ryu I. A Palladium/Light System Combined with Hanztsch Ester: Radical Vinylation of Alkyl Iodides with Vinyl Bromides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Sumino
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
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17
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Li ZL, Li XH, Wang N, Yang NY, Liu XY. Radical-Mediated 1,2-Formyl/Carbonyl Functionalization of Alkenes and Application to the Construction of Medium-Sized Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15100-15104. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Ning-Yuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
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18
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Li ZL, Li XH, Wang N, Yang NY, Liu XY. Radical-Mediated 1,2-Formyl/Carbonyl Functionalization of Alkenes and Application to the Construction of Medium-Sized Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Ning-Yuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
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19
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Ludwiczak M, Bayda M, Dutkiewicz M, Frąckowiak D, Majchrzak M, Marciniak B, Marciniec B. New Arylene–Germylene–Vinylene Compounds: Stereoselective Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ludwiczak
- Center
of Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89c, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bayda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Dutkiewicz
- Center
of Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89c, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dawid Frąckowiak
- Center
of Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89c, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Majchrzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bronisław Marciniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Center
of Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89c, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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20
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Bai X, Lv L, Li Z. Copper-catalyzed tandem trifluoromethylation–cyclization of olefinic carbonyls: synthesis of trifluoromethylated 2,3-dihydrofurans and 3,4-dihydropyrans. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00137h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed trifluoromethylation–cyclization of olefinic carbonyls was developed. With this method, a variety of 2,3-dihydrofuran and 3,4-dihydropyran derivatives containing a CF3 group were selectively obtained in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Bai
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ni Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang
District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Che-Chien Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang
District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan Republic of China
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22
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Chien LA, Chang CC. Radical Cyclization Followed by the Fragmentation of Carbonyl Compounds: Effect of an α-Benzoyl Group. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11294-301. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-An Chien
- Department
of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang
District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Che-Chien Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang
District, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, Republic of China
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23
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Theoretical investigation of the reaction of dialkylzincs with α-alkoxycarbonyl radicals. Evaluation of α-bromoacrylates as radical acceptors in radical-polar crossover processes. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Hsu NY, Chang CC. A Unique Synthetic Method to Convert aD-Sugar into 2-Deoxy-L-ribitol Through Carbonyl Translocation. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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25
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Radical cyclizations of acylsilanes in the synthesis of (+)-swainsonine and formal synthesis of (−)-epiquinamide. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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27
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Marciniec B, Ławicka H. Synthesis of substituted vinylgermanes and germylsilylethenes via ruthenium complex catalyzed germylation of olefins. Appl Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Paryzek Z, Skiera I. SYNTHESIS AND CLEAVAGE OF LACTONES AND THIOLACTONES. APPLICATIONS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. A REVIEW. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00304940709356015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Kim S, Kim S. Tin-Free Radical Carbon–Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions Based on α-Scission of Alkylsulfonyl Radicals. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Ueng SH, Chen MJ, Chu SF, Shao YF, Fan GT, Chang SY, Tsai YM. The Scope and Limitations of 1,3-Stannyl Shift-Promoted Intramolecular Cyclizations of α-Stannyl Radicals with a Formyl Group. J Org Chem 2006; 71:1502-12. [PMID: 16468799 DOI: 10.1021/jo052176v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-tributylstannyl radicals can be generated from the corresponding bromides or xanthates. These radicals undergo efficient intramolecular 1,5-cyclizations with a formyl group. The resulting beta-stannyl alkoxy radicals proceed through a 1,3-stannyl shift from carbon to oxygen to afford beta-stannyloxy radicals. This novel rearrangement is most likely irreversible and serves as a driving force to promote the cyclizations. Although the cyclization rates can be accelerated when the formyl group carries alpha-dimethyl substituents, unfortunately beta-scission of the alkoxy radicals becomes competitive with the 1,3-stannyl shift. The beta-stannyloxy radicals can be employed in further cyclizations to obtain tandem cyclization products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shau-Hua Ueng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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31
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Marciniec B, Ławicka H, Majchrzak M, Kubicki M, Kownacki I. Synthesis of Functionalized Vinylgermanes through a New Ruthenium-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2006; 12:244-50. [PMID: 16250061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Vinyl-substituted germanes react stereo- and regioselectively with olefins in the presence of complexes containing Ru-H and Ru-Ge bonds with the formation of functionalized vinylgermanes that cannot be synthesized by olefin cross-metathesis procedures. The reaction opens a new catalytic route for preparation of a class of organogermanes that are potent organometallic reagents for organic synthesis because they show very low toxicity and could replace organotin compounds. The mechanism of this new catalytic route was proven to involve an interesting insertion of the vinylgermane into the Ru-H bond and beta-Ge transfer to the metal with elimination of ethylene and generation of an Ru-Ge bond, followed by insertion of the alkene into the Ru-Ge bond and beta-H transfer to the metal to eliminate the substituted vinylgermane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Marciniec
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland.
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32
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Synthesis of cyclopropyl silyl ethers and their facile ring opening by photoinduced electron transfer as key step in radical/radical cationic cascade reactions. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Cho CH, Kim S, Yamane M, Miyauchi H, Narasaka K. Radical Cyclizations of Alkenyl Acylphosphonate Derivatives under Thermal and Photochemical Conditions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2005. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.78.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Cho CH, Kim S. β Elimination of a phosphonate group from an alkoxyl radical — Intramolecular acylation using acylphosphonate derivatives as carbonyl group acceptors. CAN J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1139/v05-099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of β elimination of a phosphonate group in radical reactions was studied. The facile β elimination of the phosphonate group from an alkoxyl radical was observed for the first time, whereas the β elimination of the phosphonate group from an aminyl and an alkyl radical did not occur. On the basis of our findings, the use of an acylphosphonate as a carbonyl group radical acceptor was investigated. Radical cyclization of the acylphosphonate in the presence of hexamethylditin in benzene at 300 nm for 2 h gave a cyclopentanone or a cyclohexanone derivative in good yield without the formation of a direct reduction product. The reaction can be carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of hexamethylditin (0.2 equiv.) under similar conditions. In addition, an alkyl phosphonothiolformate group can act as an alkylthiocarbonyl group equivalent radical acceptor, providing ready access to a thiolactone synthesis.Key words: radical, β elimination, acylation, cyclization, acylphosphonate.
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35
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The study of intramolecular tandem radical cyclizations of acylsilanes with radicalphiles attached on silicon. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Kim S, Cho CH, Lim CJ. Beta-elimination of a phosphonate group from an alkoxy radical: an intramolecular acylation approach using an acylphosphonate as a carbonyl group acceptor. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:9574-5. [PMID: 12904008 DOI: 10.1021/ja036499p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of facile beta-elimination of a phosphonate group from an alkoxy radical, intramolecular acylation reaction has been developed, in which an acylphosphonate is used as an excellent carbonyl group radical acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunggak Kim
- Center for Molecular Design and Synthesis and Department of Chemistry, School of Molecular Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea.
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37
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Ozaki S, Adachi M, Sekiya S, Kamikawa R. Cyclization of aryl acyl radicals generated from S-(4-cyano)phenyl thiolesters by a nickel complex catalyzed electroreduction. J Org Chem 2003; 68:4586-9. [PMID: 12762779 DOI: 10.1021/jo0268512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic acyl radicals generated from S-(4-cyano)phenyl 2-alkenylthiobenzoate by a nickel complex catalyzed electroreduction undergo 5- and 6-exo cyclization to give 1-indanone and dihydro-1-naphthalenone derivatives, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeko Ozaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan.
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38
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Huang CH, Chang SY, Wang NS, Tsai YM. The application of intramolecular radical cyclizations of acylsilanes in the regiospecific formation of cyclic silyl enol ethers. J Org Chem 2001; 66:8983-91. [PMID: 11749631 DOI: 10.1021/jo010883s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acylsilanes with terminal alpha-stannyl bromide or xanthate functionalities are prepared. Alpha-stannyl radicals generated from these acylsilanes undergo intramolecular cyclizations to give cyclic silyl enol ethers regiospecifically. The radical processes involve radical cyclization, Brook rearrangement, and beta-fragmentation in sequence. A tributylstannyl group serves as the radical leaving group. The newly formed sigma-bond and pi-bond are located between the same two carbon atoms. This approach is limited to the formation of five-membered rings. In another route, omega-bromo-alpha-phenylsulfonylacylsilanes are synthesized. The radical cyclizations of these alpha-sulfonylacylsilanes also give cyclic silyl enol ethers. The phenylsulfonyl moiety is the radical leaving group in this system. Furthermore, the newly formed sigma-bond and pi-bond are located at adjacent positions sharing a single carbon atom. The latter approach is effective for both five- and six-membered ring formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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39
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40
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Cassayre J, Zard SZ. A short synthesis of (−)-dendrobine. Some observations on the nickel mediated radical cyclisation and on the Pauson–Khand reaction. J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)00662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Chang SY, Shao YF, Chu SF, Fan GT, Tsai YM. A Novel 1,3-Stannyl Shift Promoted Intramolecular Cyclizations of α-Stannyl Radicals with a Formyl Group. Org Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ol990199o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yueh Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Yar-Fang Shao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Fang Chu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Gang-Ting Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Yeun-Min Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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42
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Fernández-Mateos A, de la Nava EM, Coca GP, Silvo AR, González RR. Radicals from Epoxides. Intramolecular Addition to Aldehyde and Ketone Carbonyls. Org Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ol990699h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Fernández-Mateos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - E. Martín de la Nava
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - G. Pascual Coca
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - A. Ramos Silvo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - R. Rubio González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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43
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Devin P, Fensterbank L, Malacria M. Tin-free radical chemistry: intramolecular addition of alkyl radicals to aldehydes and ketones. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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44
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Akiyama T, Iwai J, Sugano M. Scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate-catalyzed chemoselective allylation reactions of carbonyl compounds with tetraallylgermane in aqueous media. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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45
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Jiaang WT, Lin HC, Tang KH, Chang LB, Tsai YM. The Study of the Kinetics of Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations of Acylsilanes via the Intramolecular Competition Method. J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jo982079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weir-Torn Jiaang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Hsiang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Lih-Bin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Yeun-Min Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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46
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Montevecchi PC, Navacchia ML, Spagnolo P. Attempts at vinyl radical carbonylation through cyclization onto carbonyl and cyano groups. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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47
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Iserloh U, Curran DP. Radical Cyclizations of Acylgermane Oxime Ethers and Hydrazones: Direct Routes to Cyclic Hydrazones and Oximes. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo980369v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Iserloh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Dennis P. Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
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48
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49
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Chang SY, Jiaang WT, Cherng CD, Tang KH, Huang CH, Tsai YM. The Scope and Limitations of Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations of Acylsilanes with Alkyl, Aryl, and Vinyl Radicals. J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9711302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yueh Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Weir-Torn Jiaang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Chaur-Donp Cherng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Hsiang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
| | - Yeun-Min Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
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50
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Beckwith ALJ, Crich D, Duggan PJ, Yao Q. Chemistry of beta-(Acyloxy)alkyl and beta-(Phosphatoxy)alkyl Radicals and Related Species: Radical and Radical Ionic Migrations and Fragmentations of Carbonminus signOxygen Bonds. Chem Rev 1997; 97:3273-3312. [PMID: 11851491 DOI: 10.1021/cr950207o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athelstan L. J. Beckwith
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, and Department of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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