1
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Zhang J, Shkrob IA, Robertson LA, Zhang L. Multiple charging and chemical stability of tripodal catholyte redoxmers. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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2
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Kato K, Osuka A. meta
‐ and
para
‐Phenylenediamine‐Fused Porphyrin Dimers: Synthesis and Magnetic Interactions of Their Dication Diradicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8546-8550. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kato
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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3
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Kato K, Osuka A. meta
‐ and
para
‐Phenylenediamine‐Fused Porphyrin Dimers: Synthesis and Magnetic Interactions of Their Dication Diradicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kato
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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4
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Schäfer J, Holzapfel M, Schmiedel A, Steiner UE, Lambert C. Fine tuning of electron transfer and spin chemistry parameters in triarylamine-bridge-naphthalene diimide dyads by bridge substituents. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27093-27104. [PMID: 30334029 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04910f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced charge separation and charge recombination in a set of four molecular dyads consisting of a triarylamine donor and a naphthalene diimide acceptor were investigated by time resolved transient absorption spectroscopy with fs and ns time resolution. In these dyads the donor and acceptor are bridged by a meta-conjugated diethynylbenzene bridge whose electronic nature was tuned by small electron donating (OMe, Me) or electron withdrawing (Cl, CN) substituents. While the formation of the transient charge separated states is complete within tens of ps, charge recombination is biphasic with a shorter component of several hundred ns and a longer component of several microseconds. This behaviour could be rationalized by assuming an equilibrium of singlet and triplet charge separated states. Magnetic field dependent measurements showed a strong influence on the biphasic decay kinetics and also a pronounced level crossing effect in the magnetic field affected reaction yield (MARY) spectra caused by a significant exchange coupling. An analysis of the observed kinetics using classical kinetic rate equations yields rate constants for charge separation and charge recombination as well as the exchange interaction splitting in the radical ion pair, all of them showing a delicate dependence on the bridge substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schäfer
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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5
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Close relation between quantum interference in molecular conductance and diradical existence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E413-9. [PMID: 26755578 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1518206113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An empirical observation of a relationship between a striking feature of electronic transmission through a π-system, destructive quantum interference (QI), on one hand, and the stability of diradicals on the other, leads to the proof of a general theorem that relates the two. Subject to a number of simplifying assumptions, in a π-electron system, QI occurs when electrodes are attached to those positions of an N-carbon atom N-electron closed-shell hydrocarbon where the matrix elements of the Green's function vanish. These zeros come in two types, which are called easy and hard. Suppose an N+2 atom, N+2 electron hydrocarbon is formed by substituting 2 CH2 groups at two atoms, where the electrodes were. Then, if a QI feature is associated with electrode attachment to the two atoms of the original N atom system, the resulting augmented N+2 molecule will be a diradical. If there is no QI feature, i.e., transmission of current is normal if electrodes are attached to the two atoms, the resulting hydrocarbon will not be a diradical but will have a classical closed-shell electronic structure. Moreover, where a diradical exists, the easy zero is associated with a nondisjoint diradical, and the hard zero is associated with a disjoint one. A related theorem is proven for deletion of two sites from a hydrocarbon.
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6
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Su Y, Wang X, Li Y, Song Y, Sui Y, Wang X. Nitrogen Analogues of Thiele’s Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Su Y, Wang X, Li Y, Song Y, Sui Y, Wang X. Nitrogen Analogues of Thiele’s Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1634-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Winkler
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University (HIRODAI), 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima,
Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787,
Japan
- JST-CREST, 5
Sanbancho,
Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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10
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Barlow S, Risko C, Odom SA, Zheng S, Coropceanu V, Beverina L, Brédas JL, Marder SR. Tuning Delocalization in the Radical Cations of 1,4-Bis[4-(diarylamino)styryl]benzenes, 2,5-Bis[4-(diarylamino)styryl]thiophenes, and 2,5-Bis[4-(diarylamino)styryl]pyrroles through Substituent Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10146-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3023048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Barlow
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Chad Risko
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Susan A. Odom
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Shijun Zheng
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Luca Beverina
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Seth R. Marder
- Center for
Organic Photonics and Electronics and School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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11
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Mushenok FB, Morgunov RB, Sanina NA, Aldoshin SM, Yurieva EA. Thermally induced paramagnetism of spiropyran salts. Russ Chem Bull 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-011-0208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Heckmann A, Lambert C. Organic Mixed-Valence Compounds: A Playground for Electrons and Holes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:326-92. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Heckmann A, Lambert C. Organische gemischtvalente Verbindungen: ein Spielplatz für Elektronen und Löcher. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Scott AM, Wasielewski MR. Temperature Dependence of Spin-Selective Charge Transfer Pathways in Donor−Bridge−Acceptor Molecules with Oligomeric Fluorenone and p-Phenylethynylene Bridges. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3005-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1095649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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15
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Mushenok FB, Morgunov RB, Aldoshin SM, Sanina NA. Effect of crystallization water on the magnetic properties of crystals composed of complexes of chromium(III) oxalate with spiropyran cations of indoline series. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793110040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Evangelio E, Bonnet ML, Cabañas M, Nakano M, Sutter JP, Dei A, Robert V, Ruiz-Molina D. Coexistence of Two Thermally Induced Intramolecular Electron Transfer Processes in a Series of Metal Complexes [M(Cat-N-BQ)(Cat-N-SQ)]/[M(Cat-N-BQ)2] (M=Co, Fe, and Ni) bearing Non-Innocent Catechol-Based Ligands: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical S. Chemistry 2010; 16:6666-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Ferromagnetism, paramagnetism, and thermally induced magnetism in photomagnetic CrIII/MnII and CrIII oxalates with the 7-methyl-3,3-diphenyl-3H-pyrano[3,2-f]quinolinium cation. Russ Chem Bull 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-010-0144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Scott AM, Miura T, Ricks AB, Dance ZEX, Giacobbe EM, Colvin MT, Wasielewski MR. Spin-Selective Charge Transport Pathways through p-Oligophenylene-Linked Donor−Bridge−Acceptor Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:17655-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ja907625k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Tomoaki Miura
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Annie Butler Ricks
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Zachary E. X. Dance
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Emilie M. Giacobbe
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Michael T. Colvin
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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Paul F, Bondon A, da Costa G, Malvolti F, Sinbandhit S, Cador O, Costuas K, Toupet L, Boillot ML. Topological Dependence of the Magnetic Exchange Coupling in Arylethynyl-Bridged Organometallic Diradicals Containing [(η2-dppe)(η5-C5Me5)FeIII]+ Fragments. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:10608-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9011026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Paul
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Bondon
- PRISM, UMR CNRS 6026, Université de Rennes 1, CS 34317, Campus de Villejean, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Grégory da Costa
- PRISM, UMR CNRS 6026, Université de Rennes 1, CS 34317, Campus de Villejean, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Floriane Malvolti
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Sourisak Sinbandhit
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Karine Costuas
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Loic Toupet
- Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), UMR CNRS 6251, Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Laure Boillot
- ICMMO, Equipe Chimie Inorganique, UMR CNRS 8182, Bât. 420, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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20
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Carmieli R, Zeidan TA, Kelley RF, Mi Q, Lewis FD, Wasielewski MR. Excited state, charge transfer, and spin dynamics in DNA hairpin conjugates with perylenediimide hairpin linkers. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4691-700. [PMID: 19239215 DOI: 10.1021/jp900230q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of short DNA hairpins (nG) using perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) as the hairpin linker was synthesized in which the distance between the PDI and a guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pair is systematically varied by changing the number (n - 1) of adenine-thymine (A-T) base pairs between them. Due to the relatively large hydrophobic surface of PDI, the nG hairpins dimerize in buffer solutions. The photophysics and photochemistry of these hairpins were investigated using femtosecond transient absorption and time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectroscopy. Photoexcitation of the self-assembled PDI dimer within each nG hairpin results in subpicosecond formation of its lower exciton state ((1*)PDI(2)) followed by formation of an excimer-like state ((1*X)PDI(2)) with tau = 10-28 ps. Both of these states are lower in energy than (1*)PDI, so that neither can oxidize A, C, and T. Electron transfer from G to (1*)PDI(2) is faster than formation of (1*X)PDI(2) only for 1G. Electron transfer from G to (1*X)PDI(2) for 2G-8G, occurs by the superexchange mechanism and, thus, becomes exponentially less efficient as the G-PDI(2) distance increases. Nevertheless, TREPR studies show that photoexcitation of 2G and 4G produce spin-correlated radical ion pairs having electron spin polarization patterns indicating that a low yield of charge separation proceeds from (1*X)PDI(2) by the radical pair intersystem crossing (RP-ISC) mechanism to initially yield a singlet radical ion pair. The strong spin-polarization of the radical ion pairs makes it possible to observe them, even though their concentration is low. As expected, the hairpin lacking G (0G) and that having the longest G-PDI(2) distance (8G) display no TREPR radical ion pair signals. Hairpins 0G, 2G, 4G, and 8G all exhibit triplet EPR spectra at 85 K. Simulations of the spectra show that (3*)PDI is produced mainly by a spin-orbit-induced intersystem crossing mechanism, while the spectra of 2G and 4G have 5% and 21% contributions, respectively, from (3*)PDI produced by charge recombination of radical ion pairs that originate from RP-ISC. These low percentages of RP-ISC derived (3*)PDI result mainly from the low yield of radical ion pairs in 2G and 4G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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21
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Light induced magnetic properties of spiropyrane tris(oxalato)chromate (III) single crystals. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2009.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Morgunov RB, Mushenok FB, Aldoshin SM, Sanina NA, Yur’eva EA, Shilov GV, Tkachev VV. Thermally-induced paramagnetism of spiropyrane iodides. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b822567b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Zeidan TA, Carmieli R, Kelley RF, Wilson TM, Lewis FD, Wasielewski MR. Charge-transfer and spin dynamics in DNA hairpin conjugates with perylenediimide as a base-pair surrogate. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13945-55. [PMID: 18811163 DOI: 10.1021/ja803765r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A perylenediimide chromophore (P) was incorporated into DNA hairpins as a base-pair surrogate to prevent the self-aggregation of P that is typical when it is used as the hairpin linker. The photoinduced charge-transfer and spin dynamics of these hairpins were studied using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved EPR spectroscopy (TREPR). P is a photooxidant that is sufficiently powerful to quantitatively inject holes into adjacent adenine (A) and guanine (G) nucleobases. The charge-transfer dynamics observed following hole injection from P into the A-tract of the DNA hairpins is consistent with formation of a polaron involving an estimated 3-4 A bases. Trapping of the (A 3-4) (+*) polaron by a G base at the opposite end of the A-tract from P is competitive with charge recombination of the polaron and P (-*) only at short P-G distances. In a hairpin having 3 A-T base pairs between P and G ( 4G), the radical ion pair that results from trapping of the hole by G is spin-correlated and displays TREPR spectra at 295 and 85 K that are consistent with its formation from (1*)P by the radical-pair intersystem crossing mechanism. Charge recombination is spin-selective and produces (3*)P, which at 85 K exhibits a spin-polarized TREPR spectrum that is diagnostic of its origin from the spin-correlated radical ion pair. Interestingly, in a hairpin having no G bases ( 0G), TREPR spectra at 85 K revealed a spin-correlated radical pair with a dipolar interaction identical to that of 4G, implying that the A-base in the fourth A-T base pair away from the P chromophore serves as a hole trap. Our data suggest that hole injection and transport in these hairpins is completely dominated by polaron generation and movement to a trap site rather than by superexchange. On the other hand, the barrier for charge injection from G (+*) back onto the A-T base pairs is strongly activated, so charge recombination from G (or even A trap sites at 85 K) most likely proceeds by a superexchange mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Zeidan
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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Evangelio E, Hendrickson DN, Ruiz-Molina D. Intramolecular electron transfer in the mixed-valence [Co(3,5-DTBCat)(3,5-DTBSQ)(bpy)] complex: Beyond valence tautomerism. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2008.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fabre M, Bonvoisin J. Electronic and Magnetic Communication in Mixed-Valent and Homovalent Ruthenium Complexes Containing Phenylcyanamide Type Bridging Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:1434-44. [PMID: 17263429 DOI: 10.1021/ja067255i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Four new phenylcyanamido-bridge dinuclear ruthenium complexes [{Ru(tpy)(thd)}2(mu-L)] with tpy = 2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine, thd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione and L = dcbp = 4,4'-dicyanamidobiphenyl; bcpa = bis(4-cyanamidophenyl)acetylene; bcpda = bis(4-cyanamidophenyl)diacetylene; bcpea = 9,10,-bis(4-cyanamidophenylethynyl)anthracene have been prepared and fully characterized. The mixed valent Ru(II)Ru(III) and homovalent paramagnetic Ru(III)Ru(III) forms of all the complexes were electrochemically generated and studied by UV-vis-NIR and EPR spectroscopy. Electronic communication was quantified by the electronic coupling parameter V(ab) extracted from intervalence measurements in the near IR area, and magnetic communication was quantified in terms of the exchange coupling constant J, accessible from the intensity of the EPR signal when varying the temperature. Exponential decays for both electronic and magnetic coupling versus intermetallic distance were obtained and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Fabre
- Contribution from the CEMES/CNRS, NanoSciences Group, BP 94347, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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Teki Y, Ismagilov RF, Nelsen SF. Intra- and Inter-Molecular Exchange on Symmetrical Hydrazine Diradical Dications and Comparison of the Magnetic Exchange with ET Parameters Derived from their Optical Spectra. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10587259908023329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Teki
- a Department of Material Science , Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka , 558-8585 , Japan
- b PREST JST, University of Wisconsin , 1101, University Ave., Madison , Wisconsin , 53706-1396 , USA
| | - Rustem F. Ismagilov
- c Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101, University Ave., Madison , Wisconsin , 53706-1396 , USA
| | - Stephen F. Nelsen
- c Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101, University Ave., Madison , Wisconsin , 53706-1396 , USA
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Zheng S, Barlow S, Risko C, Kinnibrugh TL, Khrustalev VN, Jones SC, Antipin MY, Tucker NM, Timofeeva TV, Coropceanu V, Brédas JL, Marder SR. Isolation and Crystal Structures of Two Singlet Bis(Triarylamine) Dications with Nonquinoidal Geometries. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:1812-7. [PMID: 16464079 DOI: 10.1021/ja0541534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the first structural data for bis(diarylamine) "bipolarons": we have isolated and crystallographically characterized salts of the dications obtained by two-electron oxidation of E-4,4'-bis[di(p-anisyl)amino]stilbene and E,E-2,5-bis{4-[di(p-anisyl)amino]styryl}-3,4-di(n-butoxy)thiophene, [1](2+) and [2](2+) respectively. ESR, NMR, and magnetometry suggest both species have singlet ground states. X-ray structures, together with (1)H NMR coupling constants for [2](2+), indicate geometries in which the bond lengths are shifted toward a quinoidal pattern relative to that in the neutral species, but not to a fully quinoidal extent. In particular, the bond-length alternations across the vinylene bridging groups approach zero. DFT calculations with closed-shell singlet configurations reproduce the observed structures well. Our results indicate that singlet species for which one might expect quinoidal geometries (with differences of ca. 0.1 A between formally single and double bonds) on the basis of a limiting valence-bond representation of the structure can, in fact, show structures with significantly different patterns of bond lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
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Evangelio E, Ruiz‐Molina D. Valence Tautomerism: New Challenges for Electroactive Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200500323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Evangelio
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Esfera UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola, Catalonia, Spain, Fax: +34‐935801853
| | - Daniel Ruiz‐Molina
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Esfera UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola, Catalonia, Spain, Fax: +34‐935801853
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29
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Goldsmith RH, Sinks LE, Kelley RF, Betzen LJ, Liu W, Weiss EA, Ratner MA, Wasielewski MR. Wire-like charge transport at near constant bridge energy through fluorene oligomers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:3540-5. [PMID: 15738410 PMCID: PMC553316 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0408940102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2004] [Accepted: 01/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of photoinitiated electron transfer in donor-bridge-acceptor molecules has helped elucidate the distance dependence of electron transfer rates and behavior of various electron transfer mechanisms. In all reported cases, the energies of the bridge electronic states involved in the electron transfer change dramatically as the length of the bridge is varied. We report here, in contrast, an instance in which the length of the bridge, and therefore the distance over which the electron is transferred, can be varied without significantly changing the energies of the relevant bridge states. A series of donor-bridge-acceptor molecules having phenothiazine (PTZ) donors, 2,7-oligofluorene (FL(n)) bridges, and perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) acceptors was studied. Photoexcitation of PDI to its lowest excited singlet state results in oxidation of PTZ via the FL(n) bridge. In toluene, the rate constants for both charge separation and recombination as well as the energy levels of the relevant FL(n)(+.) bridge states for n = 1-4 are only weakly distance dependent. After the initial photo-generation of (1)(PTZ(+.)-FL(n)-PDI(-.)), radical pair intersystem crossing results in formation of (3)(PTZ(+.)-FL(n)-PDI(-.)) that recombines to give (3.)PDI. The dependence of the (3.)PDI yield on an applied magnetic field shows a resonance, which gives the singlet-triplet splitting, 2J, of the radical ion pair. The magnitude of 2J directly monitors the contribution of coherent charge transfer (superexchange) to the overall electron transfer rate. These data show that charge recombination through FL(n) is dominated by incoherent hopping at long distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall H Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanofabrication and Molecular Self-Assembly, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
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Weiss EA, Wasielewski MR, Ratner MA. Molecules as Wires: Molecule-Assisted Movement of Charge and Energy. MOLECULAR WIRES AND ELECTRONICS 2005; 257:103-33. [DOI: 10.1007/b136068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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Nishiumi T, Nomura Y, Chimoto Y, Higuchi M, Yamamoto K. The Class II/III Transition Electron Transfer on an Infrared Vibrational Time Scale for N,N‘-Diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Structures. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0492265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toyohiko Nishiumi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuya Chimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kimihisa Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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32
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Lockard JV, Zink JI, Konradsson AE, Weaver MN, Nelsen SF. Spectroscopic Consequences of a Mixed Valence Excited State: Quantitative Treatment of a Dihydrazine Diradical Dication. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:13471-80. [PMID: 14583043 DOI: 10.1021/ja036046k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A model for the quantitative treatment of molecular systems possessing mixed valence excited states is introduced and used to explain observed spectroscopic consequences. The specific example studied in this paper is 1,4-bis(2-tert-butyl-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene-1,4-diyl dication. The lowest energy excited state of this molecule arises from a transition from the ground state where one positive charge is associated with each of the hydrazine units, to an excited state where both charges are associated with one of the hydrazine units, that is, a Hy-to-Hy charge transfer. The resulting excited state is a Class II mixed valence molecule. The electronic emission and absorption spectra, and resonance Raman spectra, of this molecule are reported. The lowest energy absorption band is asymmetric with a weak low-energy shoulder and an intense higher energy peak. Emission is observed at low temperature. The details of the absorption and emission spectra are calculated for the coupled surfaces by using the time-dependent theory of spectroscopy. The calculations are carried out in the diabatic basis, but the nuclear kinetic energy is explicitly included and the calculations are exact quantum calculations of the model Hamiltonian. Because the transition involves the transfer of an electron from the hydrazine on one side of the molecule to the hydrazine on the other side and vice versa, the two transitions are antiparallel and the transition dipole moments have opposite signs. Upon transformation to the adiabatic basis, the dipole moment for the transition to the highest energy adiabatic surface is nonzero, but that for the transition to the lowest surface changes sign at the origin. The energy separation between the two components of the absorption spectrum is twice the coupling between the diabatic basis states. The bandwidths of the electronic spectra are caused by progressions in totally symmetric modes as well as progressions in the modes along the coupled coordinate. The totally symmetric modes are modeled as displaced harmonic oscillators; the frequencies and displacements are determined from resonance Raman spectra. The absorption, emission, and Raman spectra are fit simultaneously with one parameter set. The coupling in the excited electronic state H(ab)(ex) is 2000 cm(-1). Excited-state mixed valence is expected to be an important contributor to the electronic spectra of many organic and inorganic compounds. The energy separations and relative intensities enable the excited-state properties to be calculated as shown in this paper, and the spectra provide new information for probing and understanding coupling in mixed valence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny V Lockard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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33
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Coropceanu V, Malagoli M, André JM, Brédas JL. Charge-transfer transitions in triarylamine mixed-valence systems: a joint density functional theory and vibronic coupling study. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:10519-30. [PMID: 12197754 DOI: 10.1021/ja026437j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical model is developed to describe the intramolecular transfer in organic mixed-valence systems. It is applied to rationalize the intervalence charge-transfer transitions in triarylamine mixed-valence compounds. The electronic coupling parameter is evaluated at the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) levels. The shapes of the charge-transfer absorption bands are analyzed in the framework of a dynamic vibronic model. The influence on the optical properties of diagonal and nondiagonal vibronic couplings is discussed. Our results are compared to recent experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0041, USA
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Lindeman SV, Rosokha SV, Sun D, Kochi JK. X-ray structure analysis and the intervalent electron transfer in organic mixed-valence crystals with bridged aromatic cation radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:843-55. [PMID: 11817960 DOI: 10.1021/ja011579j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
X-ray crystallography identifies the aromatic donor group D = 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl to be a suitable redox center for the construction of organic mixed-valence crystals owing to its large structural change attendant upon 1e oxidation to the cation-radical (D*(+)). The combination of cyclic voltammetry, dynamic ESR line broadening, and electronic (NIR) spectroscopy allows the intervalence electron transfer between the redox centers in the mixed-valence system D-br-D*(+) [where br can be an aliphatic trimethylene or an aromatic (poly)phenylene bridge] to be probed quantitatively. Independent measures of the electronic coupling matrix element (H) for D/D*(+) electron exchange via Mulliken-Hush theory accord with the X-ray crystallographic data-both sufficient to consistently identify the various D-br-D*(+) according to the Robin-Day classification. Thus, the directly coupled biaryl D-D*(+) is a completely delocalized cation in class III with the charge distributed equally over both redox centers. The trimethylene- and biphenylene-bridged cations D(CH(2))(3)D*(+) and D(ph)(2)D*(+) with highly localized charge distributions are prototypical class II systems involving moderately coupled redox centers with H approximately equal to 400 cm(-1). The borderline region between class II/III is occupied by the phenylene-bridged cation D(ph)D*(+); and the X-ray, CV, and NIR analyses yield ambivalent H values (which we believe to be) largely a result of an unusually asymmetric (20/80) charge distribution that is polarized between the D/D*(+) redox centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Lindeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
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35
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Lambert C, Nöll G, Hampel F. Multidimensional Electron Transfer Pathways in a Tetrahedral Tetrakis{4-[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]phenyl}Phosphonium Salt: One-Step vs Two-Step Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004515o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gilbert Nöll
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Nelsen SF, Trieber DA, Ismagilov RF, Teki Y. Solvent effects on charge transfer bands of nitrogen-centered intervalence compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:5684-94. [PMID: 11403600 DOI: 10.1021/ja003436n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electron transfer parameters are extracted from the optical spectra of intervalence bis(hydrazine) radical cations. Compounds with 2-tert-butyl-3-phenyl-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl-containing charge-bearing units that are doubly linked by 4-sigma-bond and by 6-sigma-bond saturated bridges are compared with ones having tert-butylisopropyl- and diphenyl-substituted charge bearing units and others having the aromatic units functioning as the bridge. Solvent effect studies show that the optical transition energy (E(op)) does not behave as dielectric continuum theory predicts but that solvent reorganization energy may be usefully separated from the vibrational reorganization energy by including linear terms in both the Pekar factor (gamma) and the Gutmann donor number (DN) in correlating the solvent effect. Solvation of the bridge for these compounds is too large to ignore, which makes dielectric continuum theory fail to properly predict solvent effects on either E(op) or the free energy for comproportionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Nelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396, USA.
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lambert
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraβe 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gilbert Nöll
- Contribution from the Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraβe 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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