1
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He J, Cook SP. Metal-free, photoinduced remote C(sp 3)-H borylation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9476-9481. [PMID: 37712044 PMCID: PMC10498503 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03048b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe a protocol for the metal-free, photo-induced borylation of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds distal to an O-oxalate hydroxamic ester functionality. The methodology requires only substrate and bis(catecholato)diboron under light irradiation to effect the desired transformation. A range of linear and cyclic tertiary and secondary borylation products are obtained in good yields and high site-selectivity enabling the late-stage C(sp3)-H borylation of natural product derivatives and drug-like compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen He
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405-7102 USA
| | - Silas P Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405-7102 USA
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2
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Wang F, Chen C, Meng Q. Comprehensive Theoretical Study of Cp*Ir III-Catalyzed Intermolecular Enantioselective Allylic C-H Amidation: Reaction Mechanism, Electronic Processes, and Regioselectivity. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2493-2504. [PMID: 36716217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory was used to elucidate the reaction mechanism of Cp*IrIII-catalyzed intermolecular regioselective C(sp3)-H amidation of alkenes with methyl dioxazolones. All substrates, intermediates, and transition states were fully optimized at the ωB97XD/6-31G(d,p) level (LANL2DZ(f) for Ir). The computational results revealed that this amidation occurred through the IrIII/IrV catalytic cycle, involving four important elementary steps: C-H bond activation, oxidative addition of methyl dioxazolone, reductive elimination, and proto-demetalation, and the first was the rate-determining step. The C-H bond activation showed good α- and branch-regioselectivity, decided by the distortion energy of 2-pentene and the interaction energy of the transition state, respectively. The oxidative addition of dioxazolone occurred in one elementary step with CO2 disassociation. The reductive elimination showed good branch-regioselectivity determined by the distorted energy of the allyl group. In the proto-demetalation, hydrogen directly transferred from the oxygen atom to the nitrogen atom. Moreover, to clarify the effect of the substituted groups, selected 12 substrates were also discussed in this text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian271000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxi Meng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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3
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Li H, Fei M, Troiano JL, Ma L, Yan X, Tieu P, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Liu T, Pan X, Brudvig GW, Wang D. Selective Methane Oxidation by Heterogenized Iridium Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:769-773. [PMID: 36594824 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative methane (CH4) carbonylation promises a direct route to the synthesis of value-added oxygenates such as acetic acid (CH3COOH). Here, we report a strategy to realize oxidative CH4 carbonylation through immobilized Ir complexes on an oxide support. Our immobilization approach not only enables direct CH4 activation but also allows for easy separation and reutilization of the catalyst. Furthermore, we show that a key step, methyl migration, that forms a C-C bond, is sensitive to the electrophilicity of carbonyl, which can be tuned by a gentle reduction to the Ir centers. While the as-prepared catalyst that mainly featured Ir(IV) preferred CH3COOH production, a reduced catalyst featuring predominantly Ir(III) led to a significant increase of CH3OH production at the expense of the reduced yield of CH3COOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Muchun Fei
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jennifer L Troiano
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States.,Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, the United States
| | - Lu Ma
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Xingxu Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Peter Tieu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Yucheng Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Tianying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States.,Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, the United States
| | - Dunwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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4
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Liu SC, Zhu XR, Liu DY, Fang DC. DFT calculations in solution systems: solvation energy, dispersion energy and entropy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:913-931. [PMID: 36519338 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04720a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations of reaction mechanisms in solution have always been a hot topic, especially for transition-metal-catalyzed reactions. The calculation of solvation energy is performed using either the polarizable continuum model (PCM) or the universal solvation model SMD. The PCM calculation is very sensitive to the choice of atomic radii to form a cavity, where the self-consistent isodensity PCM (SCI-PCM) has been recognized as the best choice and our IDSCRF radii can provide a similar cavity. Moving from a gas-phase case to a solution case, dispersion energy and entropy should be carefully treated. The solvent-solute dispersion is also important in solution systems, and it should be calculated together with the solute dispersion. Only half of the solvent-solute dispersion energy from the PCM calculation belongs to the solute molecules to maintain a thermal equilibrium between a solute molecule and its cavity, similar to the treatment of electrostatic energy. Relative solute dispersion energy should also be shared equally with the newly formed cavity. The entropy change from a gas phase to a liquid phase is quite large, but the modern quantum chemistry programs can only calculate the gas-phase translational entropy based on the idea-gas equation. In this review, we will provide an operable method to calculate the solution translational entropy, which has been coded in our THERMO program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Cong Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xin-Rui Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Dan-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - De-Cai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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5
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Li XX, Wang JS, You XX, Zhong RL, Su ZM. Theoretical Insight into the Multiple Roles of LiHMDS in Pd-Catalyzed Borylation of Fluorobenzene. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16039-16046. [PMID: 36379013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed borylation of fluorobenzene was theoretically studied. DFT calculations revealed that the reaction occurs through an unprecedented 3 + 6-membered ring transition state, in which one LiHMDS (HMDS = hexamethyldisilazane) acts as a ligand and another LiHMDS is essential to provide Li···N and Li···F interactions, overcoming the large destabilization of the strong phenyl-F bond distortion. The characteristic feature of LiHMDS was elucidated by comparing it with HMDS and NaHMDS analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Sen Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia You
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
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6
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Zhong RL, Suzuki K, Yamashita M, Sakaki S. Theoretical Insight into Catalysis of the Aluminabenzene–Iridium Complex for C(sp 3)–H Borylation of NEt 3: How to Control α- and β-Regioselectivities? ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Katsunori Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Daigakudori 1-1-1, Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho,
Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Goryo-Ohara 1-30,
Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
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7
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Li Y, Kanbur U, Cui J, Wang G, Kobayashi T, Sadow AD, Qi L. Supported Lanthanum Borohydride Catalyzes CH Borylation Inside Zeolite Micropores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117394. [PMID: 35104028 PMCID: PMC9303805 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The zeolite‐supported lanthanide La(BH4)x‐HY30 catalyzes C−H borylation of benzene with pinacolborane (HBpin), providing a complementary approach to precious, late transition metal‐catalyzed borylations. The reactive catalytic species are generated from La grafted at the Brønsted acid sites (BAS) in micropores of the zeolite, whereas silanoate‐ and aluminoate‐grafted sites are inactive under the reaction conditions. During typical catalytic borylations, conversion to phenyl pinacolborane (PhBpin) is zero‐order in HBpin concentration. A turnover number (TON) of 167 is accessed by capping external silanols, selectively grafting at BAS sites, and adding HBpin slowly to the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Uddhav Kanbur
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Jinlei Cui
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Guocang Wang
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | | | - Aaron D. Sadow
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Long Qi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
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8
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Li Y, Kanbur U, Cui J, Wang G, Kobayashi T, Sadow AD, Qi L. Supported Lanthanum Borohydride Catalyzes CH Borylation Inside Zeolite Micropores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Uddhav Kanbur
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Jinlei Cui
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Guocang Wang
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | | | - Aaron D. Sadow
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Long Qi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
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9
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Gillaizeau I, Dondasse I, Nicolas C, Mimoun L, Sukach V, Meudal H. Iridium‐Catalyzed β‐C(sp
2
)−H Borylation of Enamides – Access to 3,3‐Dihalogeno‐2‐methoxypiperidines. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Gillaizeau
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans, Pôle chimie Rue de Chartres 45100 Orléans France
| | - Ismaël Dondasse
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans, Pôle chimie Rue de Chartres 45100 Orléans France
| | - Cyril Nicolas
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans, Pôle chimie Rue de Chartres 45100 Orléans France
| | - Liliane Mimoun
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans, Pôle chimie Rue de Chartres 45100 Orléans France
| | - Volodymyr Sukach
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), UMR 7311 CNRS Université d'Orléans, Pôle chimie Rue de Chartres 45100 Orléans France
| | - Hervé Meudal
- Center for Molecular Biophysics, CBM, UPR 4301 CNRS Rue Charles SADRON 45071 Orléans cedex 02 France
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10
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Unnikrishnan A, Sunoj RB. Iridium-Catalyzed Regioselective Borylation through C-H Activation and the Origin of Ligand-Dependent Regioselectivity Switching. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15618-15630. [PMID: 34598435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Research efforts in catalytic regioselective borylation using C-H bond activation of arenes have gained considerable recent attention. The ligand-enabled regiocontrol, such as in the borylation of benzaldehyde, the selectivity could be switched from the ortho to meta position, under identical conditions, by just changing the external ligand (L) from 8-aminoquinoline (8-AQ) to tetramethylphenanthroline (TMP). The DFT(B3LYP-D3) computations helped us learn that the energetically preferred catalytic pathway includes the formation of an Ir-π-complex between the active catalyst [Ir(L)(Bpin)3] and benzaldimine, a C-H bond oxidative addition (OA) to form an Ir(V)aryl-hydride intermediate, and a reductive elimination to furnish the borylated benzaldehyde as the final product. The lowest energetic span (δEortho = 26 kcal/mol with 8-AQ) is noted in the ortho borylation pathway, with the OA transition state (TS) as the turnover-determining TS. The change in regiochemical preference to the meta borylation (δEmeta = 26) with TMP is identified. A hemilabile mode of 8-AQ participation is found to exhibit a δEortho of 24 kcal/mol for the ortho borylation, relative to that in the chelate mode (δEortho = 26 kcal/mol). The predicted regioselectivity switching is in good agreement with the earlier experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Unnikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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11
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Zhang W, Qin R, Fu G, Zheng N. Heterogeneous Isomerization for Stereoselective Alkyne Hydrogenation to trans-Alkene Mediated by Frustrated Hydrogen Atoms. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15882-15890. [PMID: 34533929 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective production of alkenes from the alkyne hydrogenation plays a crucial role in the chemical industry. However, for heterogeneous metal catalysts, the olefins in cis-configuration are usually dominant in the products due to the most important and common Horiuti-Polanyi mechanism involved over the metal surface. In this work, through combined theoretical and experimental investigations, we demonstrate a novel isomerization mechanism mediated by the frustrated hydrogen atoms via the H2 dissociation at the defect on solid surface, which can lead to the switch in selectivity from the cis-configuration to trans-configuration without overhydrogenation. The defective Rh2S3 with exposing facet of (110) exhibits outstanding performance as a heterogeneous metal catalyst for stereoselective production of trans-olefins. With the frustrated hydrogen atoms at spatially separated high-valence Rh sites, the isolated hydrogen mediated cis-to-trans isomerization of olefins can be effectively conducted and the overhydrogenation can be completely inhibited. Furthermore, the bifunctional Rh-S/Pd nanosheets have been synthesized through the surface modification of Pd nanosheets with rhodium and sulfide. With the selective semihydrogenation of alkynes into cis-olefins catalyzed by the small surface PdSx ensembles, the bifunctional Rh-S/Pd nanosheets exhibit excellent activity and stereoselectivity in the one-pot alkyne hydrogenation into trans-olefin, which surpasses the most reported homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials and National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ruixuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials and National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Gang Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials and National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials and National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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12
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Zhang M, Wu H, Yang J, Huang G. A Computational Mechanistic Analysis of Iridium-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Borylation Reveals a One-Stone–Two-Birds Strategy to Enhance Catalytic Activity. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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