1
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Roux A, Alsalman Z, Jiang T, Mulatier JC, Pitrat D, Dumont E, Riobé F, Gillet N, Girard E, Maury O. Influence of Chemical Modifications of the Crystallophore on Protein Nucleating Properties and Supramolecular Interactions Network. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400900. [PMID: 38738452 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Crystallophores are lanthanide complexes that have demonstrated outstanding induction of crystallization for various proteins. This article explores the effect of tailored modifications of the crystallophore first generation and their impact on the nucleating properties and protein crystal structures. Through high-throughput crystallization experiments and dataset analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of these variants, in comparison to the first crystallophore generation G1. In particular, the V1 variant, featuring a propanol pendant arm, demonstrated the ability to produce new crystallization conditions for the proteins tested (hen-egg white lysozyme, proteinase K and thaumatin). Structural analysis performed in the case of hen egg-white lysozyme along with Molecular Dynamics simulations, highlights V1's unique behavior, taking advantage of the flexibility of its propanol arm to explore different protein surfaces and form versatile supramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Roux
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
- Polyvalan SAS, Lyon, France
| | - Zaynab Alsalman
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Tao Jiang
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Mulatier
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Pitrat
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- Univ. Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, 06108, Nice, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 5 rue Descartes, 75005, Paris, France
| | - François Riobé
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
- Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux, 33608, Pessac, France
| | - Natacha Gillet
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Girard
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Maury
- Univ. Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France
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2
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Jones AA, Snow CD. Porous protein crystals: synthesis and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5790-5803. [PMID: 38756076 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00183d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Large-pore protein crystals (LPCs) are an emerging class of biomaterials. The inherent diversity of proteins translates to a diversity of crystal lattice structures, many of which display large pores and solvent channels. These pores can, in turn, be functionalized via directed evolution and rational redesign based on the known crystal structures. LPCs possess extremely high solvent content, as well as extremely high surface area to volume ratios. Because of these characteristics, LPCs continue to be explored in diverse applications including catalysis, targeted therapeutic delivery, templating of nanostructures, structural biology. This Feature review article will describe several of the existing platforms in detail, with particular focus on LPC synthesis approaches and reported applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Arthur Jones
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1301, USA.
| | - Christopher D Snow
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1301, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1301, USA
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3
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Flood R, Mockler NM, Thureau A, Malinska M, Crowley PB. Supramolecular Synthons in Protein-Ligand Frameworks. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2024; 24:2149-2156. [PMID: 38463617 PMCID: PMC10921380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular synthons, defined as reproducible intermolecular structural units, have greatly aided small molecule crystal engineering. In this paper, we propose that supramolecular synthons guide ligand-mediated protein crystallization. The protein RSL and the macrocycle sulfonato-calix[8]arene cocrystallize in at least four ways. One of these cocrystals is a highly porous cube comprising protein nodes connected by calixarene dimers. We show that mutating an aspartic acid to an asparagine results in two new cubic assemblies that depend also on the crystallization method. One of the new cubic arrangements is mediated by calixarene trimers and has a ∼30% increased cell volume relative to the original crystal with calixarene dimers. Crystals of the sulfonato-calix[8]arene sodium salt were obtained from buffered conditions similar to those used to grow the protein-calix[8]arene cocrystals. X-ray analysis reveals a coordination polymer of the anionic calix[8]arene and sodium cation in which the macrocycle is arranged as staggered stacks of the pleated loop conformation. Remarkably, the calixarene packing arrangement is the same in the simple salt as in the protein cocrystal. With the pleated loop conformation, the calixarene presents an extended surface for binding other calixarenes (oligomerization) as well as binding to a protein patch (biomolecular complexation). Small-angle X-ray scattering data suggest pH-dependent calixarene assembly in solution. Therefore, the calix[8]arene-calix[8]arene structural unit may be regarded as a supramolecular synthon that directs at least two types of protein assembly, suggesting applications in protein crystal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan
J. Flood
- SSPC,
Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University
of Galway, University
Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Niamh M. Mockler
- SSPC,
Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University
of Galway, University
Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Aurélien Thureau
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin BP 48, Cedex, Gif-sur-Yvette 91192, France
| | - Maura Malinska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Peter B. Crowley
- SSPC,
Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University
of Galway, University
Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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4
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Flood R, Cerofolini L, Fragai M, Crowley PB. Multivalent Calixarene Complexation of a Designed Pentameric Lectin. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1303-1309. [PMID: 38227741 PMCID: PMC10865345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
We describe complex formation between a designed pentameric β-propeller and the anionic macrocycle sulfonato-calix[8]arene (sclx8), as characterized by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Two crystal structures and 15N HSQC experiments reveal a single calixarene binding site in the concave pocket of the β-propeller toroid. Despite the symmetry mismatch between the pentameric protein and the octameric macrocycle, they form a high affinity multivalent complex, with the largest protein-calixarene interface observed to date. This system provides a platform for investigating multivalency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan
J. Flood
- SSPC,
Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University
of Galway, University
Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Peter B. Crowley
- SSPC,
Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University
of Galway, University
Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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5
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Chen X, Zhang T, Liu H, Zang J, Lv C, Du M, Zhao G. Shape-Anisotropic Assembly of Protein Nanocages with Identical Building Blocks by Designed Intermolecular π-π Interactions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2305398. [PMID: 37870198 PMCID: PMC10724428 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein lattices that shift the structure and shape anisotropy in response to environmental cues are closely coupled to potential functionality. However, to design and construct shape-anisotropic protein arrays from the same building blocks in response to different external stimuli remains challenging. Here, by a combination of the multiple, symmetric interaction sites on the outer surface of protein nanocages and the tunable features of phenylalanine-phenylalanine interactions, a protein engineering approach is reported to construct a variety of superstructures with shape anisotropy, including 3D cubic, 2D hexagonal layered, and 1D rod-like crystalline protein nanocage arrays by using one single protein building block. Notably, the assembly of these crystalline protein arrays is reversible, which can be tuned by external stimuli (pH and ionic strength). The anisotropic morphologies of the fabricated macroscopic crystals can be correlated with the Å-to-nm scale protein arrangement details by crystallographic elucidation. These results enhance the understanding of the freedom offered by an object's symmetry and inter-object π-π stacking interactions for protein building blocks to assemble into direction- and shape-anisotropic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Chen
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Hanxiong Liu
- School of Food Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center of SeafoodDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian116034China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Center of SeafoodDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian116034China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant ResourcesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China
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6
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Han K, Zhang Z, Tezcan FA. Spatially Patterned, Porous Protein Crystals as Multifunctional Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19932-19944. [PMID: 37642457 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
While the primary use of protein crystals has historically been in crystallographic structure determination, they have recently emerged as promising materials with many advantageous properties such as high porosity, biocompatibility, stability, structural and functional versatility, and genetic/chemical tailorability. Here, we report that the utility of protein crystals as functional materials can be further augmented through their spatial patterning and control of their morphologies. To this end, we took advantage of the chemically and kinetically controllable nature of ferritin self-assembly and constructed core-shell crystals with chemically distinct domains, tunable structural patterns, and morphologies. The spatial organization within ferritin crystals enabled the generation of patterned, multi-enzyme frameworks with cooperative catalytic behavior. We further exploited the differential growth kinetics of ferritin crystal facets to assemble Janus-type architectures with an anisotropic arrangement of chemically distinct domains. These examples represent a step toward using protein crystals as reaction vessels for complex multi-step reactions and broadening their utility as functional, solid-state materials. Our results demonstrate that morphology control and spatial patterning, which are key concepts in materials science and nanotechnology, can also be applied for engineering protein crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - F Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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7
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Li L, Li Z, Wang Z, Chen S, Liu R, Xu X, Zhang Z, Ye L, Ding Y, Luo Q, Cao S, Zhang L, Imberty A, Chen G. Spatiotemporal Landscape for the Sophisticated Transformation of Protein Assemblies Defined by Multiple Supramolecular Interactions. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15001-15011. [PMID: 37459282 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Precise protein assemblies not only constitute a series of living machineries but also provide an advanced class of biomaterials. Previously, we developed the inducing ligand strategy to generate various fixed protein assemblies, without the formation of noncovalent interactions between proteins. Here, we demonstrated that controlling the symmetry and number of supramolecular interactions introduced on protein surfaces could direct the formation of unspecific interactions between proteins and induce various nanoscale assemblies, including coiling nanowires, nanotubes, and nanosheets, without manipulation of the protein's native surfaces. More importantly, these nanoscale assemblies could spontaneously evolve into more ordered architectures, crystals. We further showed that the transformation from the introduced supramolecular interactions to the interactions formed between proteins was crucial for pathway selection and outcomes of evolution. These findings reveal a transformation mechanism of protein self-assembly that has not been exploited before and may provide an approach to generate complex and transformable biomacromolecular self-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhen Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Rongying Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuyang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Linfei Ye
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Quan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Anne Imberty
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Guosong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Multiscale Research Institute for Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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8
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Le Ouay B, Minami R, Boruah PK, Kunitomo R, Ohtsubo Y, Torikai K, Ohtani R, Sicard C, Ohba M. Water-Soluble Ionic Metal-Organic Polyhedra as a Versatile Platform for Enzyme Bio-immobilization. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37192338 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) can act as elementary structural units for the design of modular porous materials; however, their association with biological systems remains greatly restricted by their typically low stabilities and solubilities in water. Herein, we describe the preparation of novel MOPs bearing either anionic or cationic groups and exhibiting a high affinity for proteins. Simple mixing of the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ionic MOP aqueous solutions resulted in the spontaneous formation of MOP-protein assemblies, in a colloidal state or as solid precipitates depending on the initial mixing ratio. The versatility of the method was further illustrated using two enzymes, catalase and cytochrome c, with different sizes and isoelectric points (pI's) below and above 7. This mode of assembly led to the high retention of catalytic activity and enabled recyclability. Furthermore, the co-immobilization of cytochrome c with highly charged MOPs resulted in a substantial 44-fold increase of its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Le Ouay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Minami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Purna K Boruah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rin Kunitomo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuta Ohtsubo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kohei Torikai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan Named after Mirzo Ulugbek, 4 University Street, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Ryo Ohtani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Clémence Sicard
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des États-Unis, Bâtiment Lavoisier, Versailles 78035, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 103 Boulevard St Michel, Paris 75005, France
| | - Masaaki Ohba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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9
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Ramberg KO, Crowley PB. Cage versus Sheet: Probing the Determinants of Protein - Cucurbit[7]uril Crystalline Architectures. J Struct Biol 2023; 215:107969. [PMID: 37137399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2023.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The donut-shaped cucurbit[n]urils (Qn) are a class of rigid macrocyclic receptor with protein recognition capabilities. Qn encapsulation of amino acid side chains can enable protein assembly. Recently, cucurbit[7]uril (Q7) has been applied as a molecular glue for organizing protein building blocks into crystalline architectures. Q7 co-crystallization with dimethylated Ralstonia solanacearum lectin (RSL*) has yielded novel crystalline architectures. Co-crystallization of RSL* and Q7 yields either cage- or sheet-like architectures which may be modulated via protein engineering. However, questions remain as to the factors dictating the formation of one architecture over another (cage versus sheet). Here, we make use of an engineered RSL*-Q7 system which co-crystallizes as the cage or sheet assembly with easily-distinguished crystal morphologies. Using this model system, we probe how the crystallization conditions dictate which crystalline architecture is adopted. Protein-ligand ratios and the sodium concentration were identified as key determinants for the growth of the cage versus sheet assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiefer O Ramberg
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Peter B Crowley
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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10
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Crowley PB. Where is the Macrocycle? Comment on "Simultaneous Organic and Inorganic Host-Guest Chemistry within Pillararene-Protein Cage Frameworks.". Chemistry 2023; 29:e202201110. [PMID: 37060222 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Kostiainen and co-workers claim to have prepared crystals of ferritin by "electrostatically bridging" the protein with a cationic pillar[5]arene. Questions remain regarding the contribution of the pillar[5]arene to protein assembly and the putative role as a molecular glue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Crowley
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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11
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Liu R, Li L, Chen S, Yang Z, Kochovski Z, Mei S, Lu Y, Zhang L, Chen G. Evolution of Protein Assemblies Driven by the Switching of Interplay Mode. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2245-2256. [PMID: 36648413 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A protein assembly with the ability to switch interplay modes of multiple driving forces has been achieved. Although biomolecular systems driven by multiple driving forces have been exploited, work on such a protein assembly capable of switching the interplay modes at nanoscale has been rarely reported so far as a result of their great fabrication challenge. In this work, two sets of driving forces such as ligand-ligand interaction and protein-protein interaction were leveraged to antagonistically underpin the multilayered stackings and trigger the hollow evolution to afford the well-defined hollow rectangular frame of proteins. While these protein frames further collapsed into aggregates, the ligand-ligand interactions were weakened, and the interplay of two sets of driving forces thereby tended to switch into synergistic mode, converting the protein packing mode from porously loose packing to axially dense packing and thus giving rise to a morphological evolution toward a nanosized protein tube. This strategy not only provides a nanoscale understanding on the mechanism underlying the switch of interplay modes in the context of biomacromolecules but also may provide access for diverse sophisticated biomacromolecular nanostructures that are historically inaccessible for conventional self-assembly strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongying Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Long Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zdravko Kochovski
- Department for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shilin Mei
- Department for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yan Lu
- Department for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14467 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guosong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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12
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Cerofolini L, Ramberg KO, Padilla LC, Antonik P, Ravera E, Luchinat C, Fragai M, Crowley PB. Solid-state NMR - a complementary technique for protein framework characterization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:776-779. [PMID: 36546612 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05725e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein frameworks are an emerging class of biomaterial with medical and technological applications. Frameworks are studied mainly by X-ray diffraction or scattering techniques. Complementary strategies are required. Here, we report solid-state NMR analyses of a microcrystalline protein-macrocycle framework and the rehydrated freeze-dried protein. This methodology may aid the characterization of low-crystallinity frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Kiefer O Ramberg
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
| | - Luis C Padilla
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Paweł Antonik
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Peter B Crowley
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
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13
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Kravets K, Kravets M, Kędra K, Danylyuk O. P-Sulfonatocalix[8]arene coordinates sodium cations and forms host-guest complex with berberine: insight from crystal structure. Supramol Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2022.2161901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Kravets
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mykola Kravets
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Kędra
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oksana Danylyuk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Uchida M, Selivanovitch E, McCoy K, Douglas T. Fabrication of Protein Macromolecular Frameworks (PMFs) and Their Application in Catalytic Materials. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2671:111-120. [PMID: 37308641 PMCID: PMC11034859 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3222-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The construction of three-dimensional (3D) array materials from nanoscale building blocks has drawn significant interest because of their potential to exhibit collective properties and functions arising from the interactions between individual building blocks. Protein cages such as virus-like particles (VLPs) have distinct advantages as building blocks for higher-order assemblies because they are extremely homogeneous in size and can be engineered with new functionalities by chemical and/or genetic modification. In this chapter, we describe a protocol for constructing a new class of protein-based superlattices, called protein macromolecular frameworks (PMFs). We also describe an exemplary method to evaluate the catalytic activity of enzyme-enclosed PMFs, which exhibit enhanced catalytic activity due to the preferential partitioning of charged substrates into the PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA.
| | | | - Kimberly McCoy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA
| | - Trevor Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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15
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Bartocci A, Pereira G, Cecchini M, Dumont E. Capturing the Recognition Dynamics of para-Sulfonato-calix[4]arenes by Cytochrome c: Toward a Quantitative Free Energy Assessment. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:6739-6748. [PMID: 36054284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Calix[n]arenes' selective recognition of protein surfaces covers a broad range of timely applications, from controlling protein assembly and crystallization to trapping partially disordered proteins. Here, the interaction of para-sulfonated calix-[4]-arenes with cytochrome c is investigated through all-atom, explicit water molecular dynamics simulations which allow characterization of two binding sites in quantitative agreement with experimental evidence. Free energy calculations based on the MM-PBSA and the attach-pull-release (APR) methods highlight key residues implicated in the recognition process and provide binding free energy results in quantitative agreement with isothermal titration calorimetry. Our study emphasizes the role of MD simulations to capture and describe the "walk" of sulfonated calix-[4]-arenes on the cytochrome c surface, with the arginine R13 as a pivotal interacting residue. Our MD investigation allows, through the quasi-harmonic multibasin (QHMB) method, probing an allosteric reinforcement of several per-residue interactions upon calixarene binding, which suggests a more complex mode of action of these supramolecular auxiliaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bartocci
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France.,Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67083, France
| | - Gilberto Pereira
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67083, France.,Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry (MMSB, UMR 5086), CNRS & University of Lyon, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marco Cecchini
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67083, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 5 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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16
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Li G, Gong W, Yang L, Cheng M, Yan H, Quan J, Zhang F, Lu Z, Li H. Guest-Induced Planar-Chiral Pillar[5]arene Surface for Selectively Adsorbing Protein Based on Host-Guest Chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2237-2244. [PMID: 34898177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In living systems, the adsorption of a protein on biointerfaces is a universal phenomenon, such as the specific binding of an antibody and antigen, which plays an important role in body growth and life maintenance. The exploration of a protein-selective adsorption on the biointerface is of great significance for understanding the life process and treatment in vitro. Herein, on the basis of biomimetic strategies, we fabricated a planar-chiral NH2-pillar[5]arene modified silicon surface (pR-/pS-NP5 surfaces) for a highly enantioselective adsorption of protein by taking advantage of the guest-induced planar chirality of pillar[5]arenes. Results from practical experiments and theoretical calculations show that the pR-NP5 surface possesses a high adsorption capacity and chiral selectivity for bovine serum albumin (BSA). Moreover, it was identified that the guest-induced chiral effect the generation and amplification of planar chirality, which was much beneficial for enhancing the interaction between planar-chiral pillar[5]arene host and BSA. The binding capacity of pR-NP5 and BSA is stronger than that of pS-NP5, thus promoting the chiral selective adsorption of BSA. This work affords a deeper understanding of the chiral influence of protein adsorption on biointerfaces and meanwhile provides a new perspective for chiral-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wen Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hewei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Quan
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyan Lu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 East Lake Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Haibing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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17
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Volpi S, Doolan A, Baldini L, Casnati A, Crowley PB, Sansone F. Complex Formation between Cytochrome c and a Tetra-alanino-calix[4]arene. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315391. [PMID: 36499717 PMCID: PMC9737847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their remarkable features, calix[n]arenes are being exploited to study different aspects of molecular recognition, including protein complexation. Different complexation modes have been described, depending on the moieties that complement the aromatic cavity, allowing for function regulation and/or controlled assembly of the protein target. Here, a rigid cone calix[4]arene, bearing four anionic alanine units at the upper rim, was tested as a ligand for cytochrome c. Cocrystallization attempts were unfruitful, preventing a solid-state study of the system. Next, the complex was studied using NMR spectroscopy, which revealed the presence of two binding sites at lysine residues with dissociation constants (Kd) in the millimolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Volpi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Aishling Doolan
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Laura Baldini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Peter B. Crowley
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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18
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Abstract
ConspectusThis Account summarizes the progress in protein-calixarene complexation, tracing the developments from binary recognition to the glue activity of calixarenes and beyond to macrocycle-mediated frameworks. During the past 10 years, we have been tackling the question of protein-calixarene complexation in several ways, mainly by cocrystallization and X-ray structure determination as well as by solution state methods, NMR spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and light scattering. Much of this work benefitted from collaboration, highlighted here. Our first breakthrough was the cocrystallization of cationic cytochrome c with sulfonato-calix[4]arene leading to a crystal structure defining three binding sites. Together with NMR studies, a dynamic complexation was deduced in which the calixarene explores the protein surface. Other cationic proteins were similarly amenable to cocrystallization with sulfonato-calix[4]arene, confirming calixarene-arginine/lysine encapsulation and consequent protein assembly. Calixarenes bearing anionic substituents such as sulfonate or phosphonate, but not carboxylate, have proven useful.Studies with larger calix[n]arenes (n = 6, 8) demonstrated the bigger better binder phenomenon with increased affinities and more interesting assemblies, including solution-state oligomerization and porous frameworks. While the calix[4]arene cavity accommodates a single cationic side chain, the larger macrocycles adopt different conformations, molding to the protein surface and accommodating several residues (hydrophobic, polar, and/or charged) in small cavities. In addition to accommodating protein features, the calixarene can bind exogenous components such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), metal ions, buffer, and additives. Ternary cocrystallization of cytochrome c, sulfonato-calix[8]arene, and spermine resulted in altered framework fabrication due to calixarene encapsulation of the tetraamine. Besides host-guest chemistry with exogenous components, the calixarene can also self-assemble, with numerous instances of macrocycle dimers.Calixarene complexation enables protein encapsulation, not merely side chain encapsulation. Cocrystal structures of sulfonato-calix[8]arene with cytochrome c or Ralstonia solanacearum lectin (RSL) provide evidence of encapsulation, with multiple calixarenes masking the same protein. NMR studies of cytochrome c and sulfonato-calix[8]arene are also consistent with multisite binding. In the case of RSL, a C3 symmetric trimer, up to six calixarenes bind the protein yielding a cubic framework mediated by calixarene dimers. Biomolecular calixarene complexation has evolved from molecular recognition to framework construction. This latter development contributes to the challenge in design and preparation of porous molecular materials. Cytochrome c and sulfonato-calix[8]arene form frameworks with >60% solvent in which the degree of porosity depends on the protein:calixarene ratio and the crystallization conditions. Recent developments with RSL led to three frameworks with varying porosity depending on the crystallization conditions, particularly the pH. NMR studies indicate a pH-triggered assembly in which two acidic residues appear to play key roles. The field of supramolecular protein chemistry is growing, and this Account aims to encourage new developments at the interface between biomolecular and synthetic/supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Crowley
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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19
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Uchida M, Brunk NE, Hewagama ND, Lee B, Prevelige PE, Jadhao V, Douglas T. Multilayered Ordered Protein Arrays Self-Assembled from a Mixed Population of Virus-like Particles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7662-7673. [PMID: 35549153 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biology shows many examples of spatially controlled assembly of cells and biomacromolecules into hierarchically organized structures, to which many of the complex biological functions are attributed. While such biological structures have inspired the design of synthetic materials, it is still a great challenge to control the spatial arrangement of individual building blocks when assembling multiple types of components into bulk materials. Here, we report self-assembly of multilayered, ordered protein arrays from mixed populations of virus-like particles (VLPs). We systematically tuned the magnitude of the surface charge of the VLPs via mutagenesis to prepare four different types of VLPs for mixing. A mixture of up to four types of VLPs selectively assembled into higher-order structures in the presence of oppositely charged dendrimers during a gradual lowering of the ionic strength of the solution. The assembly resulted in the formation of three-dimensional ordered VLP arrays with up to four distinct layers including a central core, with each layer comprising a single type of VLP. A coarse-grained computational model was developed and simulated using molecular dynamics to probe the formation of the multilayered, core-shell structure. Our findings establish a simple and versatile bottom-up strategy to synthesize multilayered, ordered materials by controlling the spatial arrangement of multiple types of nanoscale building blocks in a one-pot fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, Fresno, California 93740, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Nicholas E Brunk
- Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, 700 N. Woodlawn Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, United States
- Wolfram Research, 100 Trade Center Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61820, United States
- VeriSIM Life Inc., 1 Sansome Street, Suite 3500, San Francisco, California 94104, United States
| | - Nathasha D Hewagama
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter E Prevelige
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Vikram Jadhao
- Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, 700 N. Woodlawn Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, United States
| | - Trevor Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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20
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Flood R, Ramberg KO, Mengel DB, Guagnini F, Crowley PB. Protein Frameworks with Thiacalixarene and Zinc. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:3271-3276. [PMID: 35529063 PMCID: PMC9073927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlled protein assembly provides a means to generate biomaterials. Synthetic macrocycles such as the water-soluble sulfonato-calix[n]arenes are useful mediators of protein assembly. Sulfonato-thiacalix[4]arene (tsclx 4 ), with its metal-binding capacity, affords the potential for simultaneous macrocycle- and metal-mediated protein assembly. Here, we describe the tsclx 4 -/Zn-directed assembly of two proteins: cationic α-helical cytochrome c (cyt c) and neutral β-propeller Ralstonia solanacearum lectin (RSL). Two co-crystal forms were obtained with cyt c, each involving multinuclear zinc sites supported by the cone conformation of tsclx 4 . The tsclx 4 /Zn cluster acted as an assembly node via both lysine encapsulation and metal-mediated protein-protein contacts. In the case of RSL, tsclx 4 adopted the 1,2-alternate conformation and supported a dinuclear zinc site with concomitant encapsulation and metal-binding of two histidine side chains. These results, together with the knowledge of thiacalixarene/metal nanoclusters, suggest promising applications for thiacalixarenes in biomaterials and MOF fabrication.
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21
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Shaukat A, Anaya‐Plaza E, Beyeh NK, Kostiainen MA. Simultaneous Organic and Inorganic Host‐Guest Chemistry within Pillararene‐Protein Cage Frameworks. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104341. [PMID: 35043998 PMCID: PMC9305414 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular self‐assembly of biomolecules provides a powerful bottom‐up strategy to build functional nanostructures and materials. Among the different biomacromolecules, protein cages offer various advantages including uniform size, versatility, multi‐modularity, and high stability. Additionally, protein cage crystals present confined microenvironments with well‐defined dimensions. On the other hand, molecular hosts, such as cyclophanes, possess a defined cavity size and selective recognition of guest molecules. However, the successful combination of macrocycles and protein cages to achieve functional co‐crystals has remained limited. In this study, we demonstrate electrostatic binding between cationic pillar[5]arenes and (apo)ferritin cages that results in porous and crystalline frameworks. The electrostatically assembled crystals present a face‐centered cubic (FCC) lattice and have been characterized by means of small‐angle X‐ray scattering and cryo‐TEM. These hierarchical structures result in a multiadsorbent framework capable of hosting both organic and inorganic pollutants, such as dyes and toxic metals, with potential application in water‐remediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shaukat
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Eduardo Anaya‐Plaza
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Department of Chemistry Oakland University 146 Library Drive Rochester MI 48309-4479 USA
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
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22
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Kojima M, Abe S, Ueno T. Engineering of protein crystals for use as solid biomaterials. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:354-367. [PMID: 34928275 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01752g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein crystals have attracted a great deal of attention as solid biomaterials because they have porous structures created by regular assemblies of proteins. The lattice structures of protein crystals are controlled by designing molecular interfacial interactions via covalent bonds and non-covalent bonds. Protein crystals have been functionalized as templates to immobilize foreign molecules such as metal nanoparticles, metal complexes, and proteins. These hybrid crystals are used as functional materials for catalytic reactions and structural analysis. Furthermore, in-cell protein crystals have been studied extensively, providing progress in rapid protein crystallization and crystallography. This review highlights recent advances in crystal engineering for protein crystallization and generation of solid functional materials both in vitro and within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kojima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Abe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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23
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Bae J, Kim H, Kim G, Song J, Kim H. Dendrimer-Like Supramolecular Assembly of Proteins with a Tunable Size and Valency Through Stepwise Iterative Growth. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102991. [PMID: 34719882 PMCID: PMC8693032 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of proteins in a programmable manner provides insight into the creation of novel functional nanomaterials for practical applications. Despite many advances, however, a rational protein assembly with an easy scalability in terms of size and valency remains a challenge. Here, a simple bottom-up approach to the supramolecular protein assembly with a tunable size and valency in a programmable manner is presented. The dendrimer-like protein assembly, simply called a "protein dendrimer," is constructed through a stepwise and alternate addition of a building block protein. Starting from zeroth-generation protein dendrimer (pG0 ) of 27 kDa, the protein dendrimer is sequentially grown to pG1 , pG2 , pG3 , to pG4 with a molecular mass of 94, 216, 483, and 959 kDa, respectively. The valency of the protein dendrimers at the periphery increases by a factor of two after each generation, allowing a tunable valency and easy functionalization. The protein dendrimers functionalizes with a targeting moiety and a cytotoxic protein cargo shows a typical feature of multi-valency in the avidity and a highly enhanced cellular cytotoxicity, exemplifying their utility as a protein delivery platform. The present approach can be effectively used in the creation of protein architectures with new functions for biotechnological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Ho Bae
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Korea
- Present address:
ProEn TherapeuticsSeongnam‐si13105Korea
| | - Hong‐Sik Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Korea
| | - Gijeong Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Korea
| | - Ji‐Joon Song
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Korea
| | - Hak‐Sung Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Korea
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24
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Zhu J, Avakyan N, Kakkis AA, Hoffnagle AM, Han K, Li Y, Zhang Z, Choi TS, Na Y, Yu CJ, Tezcan FA. Protein Assembly by Design. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13701-13796. [PMID: 34405992 PMCID: PMC9148388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are nature's primary building blocks for the construction of sophisticated molecular machines and dynamic materials, ranging from protein complexes such as photosystem II and nitrogenase that drive biogeochemical cycles to cytoskeletal assemblies and muscle fibers for motion. Such natural systems have inspired extensive efforts in the rational design of artificial protein assemblies in the last two decades. As molecular building blocks, proteins are highly complex, in terms of both their three-dimensional structures and chemical compositions. To enable control over the self-assembly of such complex molecules, scientists have devised many creative strategies by combining tools and principles of experimental and computational biophysics, supramolecular chemistry, inorganic chemistry, materials science, and polymer chemistry, among others. Owing to these innovative strategies, what started as a purely structure-building exercise two decades ago has, in short order, led to artificial protein assemblies with unprecedented structures and functions and protein-based materials with unusual properties. Our goal in this review is to give an overview of this exciting and highly interdisciplinary area of research, first outlining the design strategies and tools that have been devised for controlling protein self-assembly, then describing the diverse structures of artificial protein assemblies, and finally highlighting the emergent properties and functions of these assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Albert A. Kakkis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Alexander M. Hoffnagle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Kenneth Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Yiying Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Tae Su Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Youjeong Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Chung-Jui Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - F. Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
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25
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Ramberg KO, Guagnini F, Engilberge S, Wrońska MA, Rennie ML, Pérez J, Crowley PB. Segregated Protein-Cucurbit[7]uril Crystalline Architectures via Modulatory Peptide Tectons. Chemistry 2021; 27:14619-14627. [PMID: 34432924 PMCID: PMC8596587 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
One approach to protein assembly involves water-soluble supramolecular receptors that act like glues. Bionanoarchitectures directed by these scaffolds are often system-specific, with few studies investigating their customization. Herein, the modulation of cucurbituril-mediated protein assemblies through the inclusion of peptide tectons is described. Three peptides of varying length and structural order were N-terminally appended to RSL, a β-propeller building block. Each fusion protein was incorporated into crystalline architectures mediated by cucurbit[7]uril (Q7). A trimeric coiled-coil served as a spacer within a Q7-directed sheet assembly of RSL, giving rise to a layered material of varying porosity. Within the spacer layers, the coiled-coils were dynamic. This result prompted consideration of intrinsically disordered peptides (IDPs) as modulatory tectons. Similar to the coiled-coil, a mussel adhesion peptide (Mefp) also acted as a spacer between protein-Q7 sheets. In contrast, the fusion of a nucleoporin peptide (Nup) to RSL did not recapitulate the sheet assembly. Instead, a Q7-directed cage was adopted, within which disordered Nup peptides were partially "captured" by Q7 receptors. IDP capture occurred by macrocycle recognition of an intrapeptide Phe-Gly motif in which the benzyl group was encapsulated by Q7. The modularity of these protein-cucurbituril architectures adds a new dimension to macrocycle-mediated protein assembly. Segregated protein crystals, with alternating layers of high and low porosity, could provide a basis for new types of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiefer O Ramberg
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Francesca Guagnini
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Sylvain Engilberge
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Małgorzata A Wrońska
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Martin L Rennie
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Javier Pérez
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Peter B Crowley
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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26
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Roux A, Talon R, Alsalman Z, Engilberge S, D'Aléo A, Di Pietro S, Robin A, Bartocci A, Pilet G, Dumont E, Wagner T, Shima S, Riobé F, Girard E, Maury O. Influence of Divalent Cations in the Protein Crystallization Process Assisted by Lanthanide-Based Additives. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15208-15214. [PMID: 34597021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of lanthanide complexes as powerful auxiliaries for biocrystallography prompted us to systematically analyze the influence of the commercial crystallization kit composition on the efficiency of two lanthanide additives: [Eu(DPA)3]3- and Tb-Xo4. This study reveals that the tris(dipicolinate) complex presents a lower chemical stability and a strong tendency toward false positives, which are detrimental for its use in a high-throughput robotized crystallization platform. In particular, the crystal structures of (Mg(H2O)6)3[Eu(DPA)3]2·7H2O (1), {(Ca(H2O)4)3[Eu(DPA)3]2}n·10nH2O (2), and {Cu(DPA)(H2O)2}n (3), resulting from spontaneous crystallization in the presence of a divalent alkaline-earth cation and transmetalation, are reported. On the other hand, Tb-Xo4 is perfectly soluble in the crystallization media, stable in the presence of alkaline-earth dications, and slowly decomposes (within days) by transmetalation with transition metals. The original structure of [Tb4L4(H2O)4]Cl4·15H2O (4) is also described, where L represents a bis(pinacolato)triazacyclononane ligand. This paper also highlights a potential synergy of interactions between Tb-Xo4 and components of the crystallization mixtures, leading to the formation of complex adducts like {AdkA/Tb-Xo4/Mg2+/glycerol} in the protein binding sites. The observation of such multicomponent adducts illustrated the complexity and versatility of the supramolecular chemistry occurring at the surface of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Roux
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France.,Polyvalan, Lyon F-69342, France
| | - Romain Talon
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Zaynab Alsalman
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | | | - Anthony D'Aléo
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France
| | - Sebastiano Di Pietro
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France
| | - Adeline Robin
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Alessio Bartocci
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France
| | - Guillaume Pilet
- CNRS UMR 5615, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, Villeurbanne Cedex F-69622, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, Paris 75005, France
| | - Tristan Wagner
- Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, Marburg D-35043, Germany.,Microbial Metabolism Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 1-Celsiusstrasse, Bremen 35043, Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, Marburg D-35043, Germany
| | - François Riobé
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France
| | - Eric Girard
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Olivier Maury
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5182, Université Lyon, Lyon F-69342, France
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27
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Li Y, Zhao L, Chen H, Tian R, Li F, Luo Q, Xu J, Hou C, Liu J. Hierarchical protein self-assembly into dynamically controlled 2D nanoarrays via host-guest chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10620-10623. [PMID: 34570127 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03654h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A dynamically reversible two-dimensional (2D) protein assembly system was designed based on host-guest interactions and was triggered to disassemble via a competition mechanism. The artificially tunable and reversible protein assembly architectures hold great potential for on/off switches in bio-systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Linlu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ruizhen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Quan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jiayun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China. .,College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chunxi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Junqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Road, Changchun 130012, China. .,College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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28
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Mockler NM, Engilberge S, Rennie ML, Raston CL, Crowley PB. Protein-macrocycle framework engineering: supramolecular copolymerisation with two disparate calixarenes. Supramol Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1935946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niamh M. Mockler
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sylvain Engilberge
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Martin L Rennie
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park SA Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter B. Crowley
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
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29
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Abe S, Pham TT, Negishi H, Yamashita K, Hirata K, Ueno T. Design of an In‐Cell Protein Crystal for the Environmentally Responsive Construction of a Supramolecular Filament. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Abe
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Thuc Toan Pham
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Hashiru Negishi
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Keitaro Yamashita
- SR Life Science Instrumentation Unit RIKEN/SPring-8 RIKEN/SPring-8 Center 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Kunio Hirata
- SR Life Science Instrumentation Unit RIKEN/SPring-8 RIKEN/SPring-8 Center 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan
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30
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Abe S, Pham TT, Negishi H, Yamashita K, Hirata K, Ueno T. Design of an In‐Cell Protein Crystal for the Environmentally Responsive Construction of a Supramolecular Filament. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12341-12345. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Abe
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Thuc Toan Pham
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Hashiru Negishi
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Keitaro Yamashita
- SR Life Science Instrumentation Unit RIKEN/SPring-8 RIKEN/SPring-8 Center 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Kunio Hirata
- SR Life Science Instrumentation Unit RIKEN/SPring-8 RIKEN/SPring-8 Center 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta 4259-B-55, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan
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31
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Mockler N, Ramberg KO, Guagnini F, Raston CL, Crowley PB. Noncovalent Protein-Pseudorotaxane Assembly Incorporating an Extended Arm Calix[8]arene with α-Helical Recognition Properties. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:1424-1427. [PMID: 34054353 PMCID: PMC8154262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.0c01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble, anionic calix[n]arenes are useful receptors for protein recognition and assembly. For example, sulfonato-calix[8]arene (sclx 8 ) can encapsulate proteins and direct their assembly into porous frameworks. In this work, we turned our attention to an "extended arm" calixarene with 16 phenyl rings. We hypothesized that this larger receptor would have increased capacity for protein masking/encapsulation. A cocrystal structure of p-benzyl-sulfonato-calix[8]arene (b-sclx 8 ) and cytochrome c (cyt c) revealed a surprising assembly. A pseudorotaxane comprising a stack of three b-sclx 8 molecules threaded by polyethylene glycol (PEG) was bound to the protein. The trimeric b-sclx 8 stack, a tubelike structure with a highly charged surface, mediated assembly via a new mode of protein recognition. The calixarene stack presents four hydrophobic grooves, each of which binds to one cyt c by accommodating the N-terminal α-helix. This unprecedented binding mode suggests new possibilities for supramolecular protein chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh
M. Mockler
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland
Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Kiefer O. Ramberg
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland
Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Francesca Guagnini
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland
Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science
and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South 5042, Australia
| | - Peter B. Crowley
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland
Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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32
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Porous assembly of an antifungal protein mediated by zinc and sulfonato-calix[8]arene. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107711. [PMID: 33631304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Controlled protein assembly holds great potential in the fabrication of biohybrid materials. However, the structural diversity and complexity of proteins present an obstacle to controlled assembly. Supramolecular chemistry is a possible solution as it offers tools to mediate self-assembly with molecular precision. This paper deals with the calixarene- and zinc-mediated assembly and crystallization of the histidine-rich Penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein B (PAFB). We report crystal structures of pure PAFB, PAFB in complex with Zn2+, and the ternary complex of PAFB, Zn2+ and sulfonato-calix[8]arene (sclx8). A comparison of the three crystal structures revealed the structural plasticity of PAFB. While the flexible and highly anionic sclx8 resulted in large molecular weight aggregates of PAFB in solution, diffraction-quality crystals of PAFB-sclx8 were not obtained. We report crystals of PAFB-Zn2+-sclx8 in which a trinuclear zinc cluster occurred adjacent to a calixarene binding site. Interestingly, the combination of sclx8 complexation and zinc coordination resulted in a porous framework with channels of circa 2 nm diameter. Detailed analysis of the crystal structure highlighted novel molecular recognition features. This research enriches the set of supramolecular interactions available to promote protein assembly.
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