1
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Sarkar W, LaDuca A, Wilson JR, Szymczak NK. Iron-Catalyzed C-H Oxygenation Using Perchlorate Enabled by Secondary Sphere Hydrogen Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10508-10516. [PMID: 38564312 PMCID: PMC11137739 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Perchlorate (ClO4-) is a groundwater pollutant that is challenging to remediate. We report a strategy to use Fe(II) tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) complexes featuring appended aniline hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) to promote ClO4- reduction. These complexes facilitate oxygen atom transfer from ClO4- to PPh3 and C-H oxygenation reactions of organic substrates. Catalytic reactions using 15 mol % afforded excellent yields for oxygenation of anthracene and cyclic alkyl aromatics, and this methodology tolerates aryl halides as well as heterocycles containing either O, S, or N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Writhabrata Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Andrew LaDuca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jessica R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nathaniel K Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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2
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Pawar SS, Ketkar RN, Gaware PB, Jagushte KU, Dhawne D, Save SN, Sharma S, Periyasamy G, Chimthanawala N, Sathaye S, Joshi SV, Sadhukhan N. Molybdenum-maltolate as a molybdopterin mimic for bioinspired oxidation reaction. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5770-5774. [PMID: 38488043 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04296k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
A novel cis-dioxomolybdenum(VI)-maltolate [MoO2(Mal)2] (1) is prepared as a stable molybdopterin model for the biomimetic catalysis of the oxidation of hypoxanthine in acetonitrile-water at room temperature. Compound 1 efficiently catalyzes the oxidation reaction of toluene, diphenylmethane, and styrene. Cyto- and oral-toxicity studies suggest its tremendous potential for application as a molybdenum supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil S Pawar
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India.
| | - Rohit N Ketkar
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India.
| | - Pranav B Gaware
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India.
| | - Kaustubh U Jagushte
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India.
| | - Divyani Dhawne
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India.
| | - Shreyada N Save
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Rd, Pune, Maharashtra - 411007, India
| | - Shilpy Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Rd, Pune, Maharashtra - 411007, India
| | - Ganga Periyasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Central College Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560001, India
| | - Niyamat Chimthanawala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India
| | - Sadhana Sathaye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India
| | - Shreerang V Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India
| | - Nabanita Sadhukhan
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400019, India.
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3
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Ran W, Zhao H, Zhang X, Li S, Sun JF, Liu J, Liu R, Jiang G. Critical Review of Pd-Catalyzed Reduction Process for Treatment of Waterborne Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38323894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Catalyzed reduction processes have been recognized as important and supplementary technologies for water treatment, with the specific aims of resource recovery, enhancement of bio/chemical-treatability of persistent organic pollutants, and safe handling of oxygenate ions. Palladium (Pd) has been widely used as a catalyst/electrocatalyst in these reduction processes. However, due to the limited reserves and high cost of Pd, it is essential to gain a better understanding of the Pd-catalyzed decontamination process to design affordable and sustainable Pd catalysts. This review provides a systematic summary of recent advances in understanding Pd-catalyzed reductive decontamination processes and designing Pd-based nanocatalysts for the reductive treatment of water-borne pollutants, with special focus on the interactions and transformation mechanisms of pollutant molecules on Pd catalysts at the atomic scale. The discussion begins by examining the adsorption of pollutants onto Pd sites from a thermodynamic viewpoint. This is followed by an explanation of the molecular-level reaction mechanism, demonstrating how electron-donors participate in the reductive transformation of pollutants. Next, the influence of the Pd reactive site structure on catalytic performance is explored. Additionally, the process of Pd-catalyzed reduction in facilitating the oxidation of pollutants is briefly discussed. The longevity of Pd catalysts, a crucial factor in determining their practicality, is also examined. Finally, we argue for increased attention to mechanism study, as well as precise construction of Pd sites under batch synthesis conditions, and the use of Pd-based catalysts/electrocatalysts in the treatment of concentrated pollutants to facilitate resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huachao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie-Fang Sun
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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4
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Gao J, Chen G, Fu Q, Ren C, Tan C, Liu H, Wang Y, Liu J. Enhancing Aqueous Chlorate Reduction Using Vanadium Redox Cycles and pH Control. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20392-20399. [PMID: 37976223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Chlorate (ClO3-) is a toxic oxyanion pollutant from industrial wastes, agricultural applications, drinking water disinfection, and wastewater treatment. Catalytic reduction of ClO3- using palladium (Pd) nanoparticle catalysts exhibited sluggish kinetics. This work demonstrates an 18-fold activity enhancement by integrating earth-abundant vanadium (V) into the common Pd/C catalyst. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical studies indicated that VV and VIV precursors are reduced to VIII in the aqueous phase (rather than immobilized on the carbon support) by Pd-activated H2. The VIII/IV redox cycle is the predominant mechanism for the ClO3- reduction. Further reduction of chlorine intermediates to Cl- could proceed via VIII/IV and VIV/V redox cycles or direct reduction by Pd/C. To capture the potentially toxic V metal from the treated solution, we adjusted the pH from 3 to 8 after the reaction, which completely immobilized VIII onto Pd/C for catalyst recycling. The enhanced performance of reductive catalysis using a Group 5 metal adds to the diversity of transition metals (e.g., Cr, Mo, Re, Fe, and Ru in Groups 6-8) for water pollutant treatment via various unique mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Gao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Gongde Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qi Fu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Changxu Ren
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Jinyong Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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5
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Hua X, Wang W, Ran W, He G, Liu J, Liu R. Promoting Effect of Nitride as Support for Pd Hydrodechlorination Catalyst. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4692-4700. [PMID: 36940401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed reductive decontamination is considerably promising in the safe handling of various pollutants, and previous studies on heterogeneous Pd catalysts have demonstrated the key role of support in determining their catalysis performance. In this work, metal nitrides were studied as supports for Pd as a hydrodechlorination (HDC) catalyst. Density functional theory study showed that a transition metal nitride (TMN) support could effectively modulate the valence-band state of Pd. The upward shift of the d-band center reduced the energy barrier for water desorption from the Pd site to accommodate H2/4-chlorophenol and increased the total energy released during HDC. The theoretical results were experimentally verified by synthesizing Pd catalysts onto different metal oxides and the corresponding nitrides. All studied TMNs, including TiN, Mo2N, and CoN, showed satisfactorily stabilized Pd and render Pd with high dispersity. In line with theoretical prediction, TiN most effectively modulated the electronic states of the Pd sites and enhanced their HDC performance, with mass activity much higher than those of counterpart catalysts on other supports. The combined theoretical and experimental results shows that TMNs, especially TiN, are new and potentially important support for the highly efficient Pd HDC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicity, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicity, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Wei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicity, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicity, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicity, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicity, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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6
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Gao J, Xie S, Liu F, Liu J. Preparation and Synergy of Supported Ru 0 and Pd 0 for Rapid Chlorate Reduction at pH 7. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3962-3970. [PMID: 36808945 PMCID: PMC9996829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlorate (ClO3-) is a common water pollutant due to its gigantic scale of production, wide applications in agriculture and industry, and formation as a toxic byproduct in various water treatment processes. This work reports on the facile preparation, mechanistic elucidation, and kinetic evaluation of a bimetallic catalyst for highly active ClO3- reduction into Cl-. Under 1 atm H2 and 20 °C, PdII and RuIII were sequentially adsorbed and reduced on a powdered activated carbon support, affording Ru0-Pd0/C from scratch within only 20 min. The Pd0 particles significantly accelerated the reductive immobilization of RuIII as >55% dispersed Ru0 outside Pd0. At pH 7, Ru-Pd/C shows a substantially higher activity of ClO3- reduction (initial turnover frequency >13.9 min-1 on Ru0; rate constant at 4050 L h-1 gmetal-1) than reported catalysts (e.g., Rh/C, Ir/C, Mo-Pd/C) and the monometallic Ru/C. In particular, Ru-Pd/C accomplished the reduction of concentrated 100 mM ClO3- (turnover number > 11,970), whereas Ru/C was quickly deactivated. In the bimetallic synergy, Ru0 rapidly reduces ClO3- while Pd0 scavenges the Ru-passivating ClO2- and restores Ru0. This work demonstrates a simple and effective design for heterogeneous catalysts tailored for emerging water treatment needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Gao
- Department
of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Shaohua Xie
- Department
of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster
for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience
Technology Center (NSTC), University of
Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Fudong Liu
- Department
of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster
for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience
Technology Center (NSTC), University of
Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Jinyong Liu
- Department
of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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7
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Xu H, Guan D, Ma L. The bio-inspired heterogeneous single-cluster catalyst Ni100-Fe 4S 4 for enhanced electrochemical CO 2 reduction to CH 4. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2756-2766. [PMID: 36656066 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06665c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of CO2-to-CH4 is a process of converting the inert greenhouse gas into energy molecules. It offers great promise for the transformation of carbon-neutral economy. However, achieving high CH4 activity and selectivity remains a major challenge because the electrochemical reduction of CO2-to-CH4 is accompanied by various C1 intermediates at the catalytic site, involving multiple proton-coupled electron transfer processes. Herein, different from the traditional designing strategy, we propose a bio-inspired theoretical design approach to construct a heterogeneous single-cluster catalyst Ni100-Fe4S4 at the atomic level, which may show high CO2 electroreduction performance. Combined with the crystallographic data and theoretical calculations, Ni100-Fe4S4 and CO dehydrogenase exhibit highly similar catalytic geometric active centers and CO2 binding modes. By exploring the origin of the catalytic activity of this biomimetic structure, we found that the activation of CO2 on Ni100-Fe4S4 theoretically exceeds that on natural CO dehydrogenase. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the dehydrogenase enzyme-liked Fe-Ni active site serves as an electron enrichment 'electro-bridge' (an electron-rich highly active catalytic site), which can activate CO2 molecules efficiently and stabilize various intermediates in multistep elementary reactions to selectively produce CH4 at a low overpotential (0.13 eV). The calculated CO2 electroreduction pathways are well consistent with the nickel-based catalytic materials reported in experimental studies. Our work showcases and highlights the rational design of high-performance catalytic materials via the biomimetic methodology at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyue Xu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Daqin Guan
- Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
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8
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Gao J, Zhao Q, Tan C, Xie S, Yin Y, Liu F, Liu H, Chen B, Liu J. Accelerating Catalytic Oxyanion Reduction with Inert Metal Hydroxides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1479-1486. [PMID: 36633933 PMCID: PMC9878714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adding CrIII or AlIII salts into the water suspension of platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts accelerated oxyanion pollutant reduction by up to 600%. Our initial attempts of adding K2CrVIO4, K2CrVI2O7, or KCrIII(SO4)2 into Pd/C enhanced BrO3- reduction with 1 atm H2 by 6-fold. Instrument characterizations and kinetic explorations collectively confirmed the immobilization of reduced CrVI as CrIII(OH)3 on the catalyst surface. This process altered the ζ-potentials from negative to positive, thus substantially enhancing the Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption equilibrium constant for BrO3- onto Pd/C by 37-fold. Adding AlIII(OH)3 from alum at pH 7 achieved similar enhancements. The Cr-Pd/C and Al-Pd/C showed top-tier efficiency of catalytic performance (normalized with Pd dosage) among all the reported Pd catalysts on conventional and nanostructured support materials. The strategy of adding inert metal hydroxides works for diverse PGMs (palladium and rhodium), substrates (BrO3- and ClO3-), and support materials (carbon, alumina, and silica). This work shows a simple, inexpensive, and effective example of enhancing catalyst activity and saving PGMs for environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Gao
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department
of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Shaohua Xie
- Department
of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster
for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience
Technology Center (NSTC), University of
Central Florida, Orlando, Florida32816, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Fudong Liu
- Department
of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster
for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience
Technology Center (NSTC), University of
Central Florida, Orlando, Florida32816, United States
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department
of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Jinyong Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California92521, United States
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9
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Perchlorate reduction catalyzed by dioxidomolybdenum(VI) complexes: Effect of ligand substituents. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Salt flat microbial diversity and dynamics across salinity gradient. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11293. [PMID: 35788147 PMCID: PMC9253026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sabkhas are hypersaline, mineral-rich, supratidal mudflats that harbor microbes that are adapted to high salt concentration. Sabkha microbial diversity is generally studied for their community composition, but less is known about their genetic structure and heterogeneity. In this study, we analyzed a coastal sabkha for its microbial composition using 16S rDNA and whole metagenome, as well as for its population genetic structure. Our 16S rDNA analysis show high alpha diversity in both inner and edge sabkha than outer sabkha. Beta diversity result showed similar kind of microbial composition between inner and edge sabkha, while outer sabkha samples show different microbial composition. At phylum level, Bacteroidetes (~ 22 to 34%), Euryarchaeota (~ 18 to ~ 30%), unclassified bacteria (~ 24 to ~ 35%), Actinobacteria (~ 0.01 to ~ 11%) and Cyanobacteria (less than 1%) are predominantly found in both inside and edge sabkha regions, whereas Proteobacteria (~ 92 to ~ 97%) and Parcubacteria (~ 1 to ~ 2%) are predominately found in outer sabkha. Our 225 metagenomes assembly from this study showed similar bacterial community profile as observed in 16S rDNA-based analysis. From the assembled genomes, we found important genes that are involved in biogeochemical cycles and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. We observed a dynamic, thriving ecosystem that engages in metabolic activity that shapes biogeochemical structure via carbon fixation, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling. Our results show varying degrees of horizontal gene transfers (HGT) and homologous recombination, which correlates with the observed high diversity for these populations. Moreover, our pairwise population differentiation (Fst) for the abundance of species across the salinity gradient of sabkhas identified genes with strong allelic differentiation, lower diversity and elevated nonsynonymous to synonymous ratio of variants, which suggest selective sweeps for those gene variants. We conclude that the process of HGT, combined with recombination and gene specific selection, constitute the driver of genetic variation in bacterial population along a salinity gradient in the unique sabkha ecosystem.
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11
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Pätsch S, Correia JV, Elvers BJ, Steuer M, Schulzke C. Inspired by Nature-Functional Analogues of Molybdenum and Tungsten-Dependent Oxidoreductases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123695. [PMID: 35744820 PMCID: PMC9227248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout the previous ten years many scientists took inspiration from natural molybdenum and tungsten-dependent oxidoreductases to build functional active site analogues. These studies not only led to an ever more detailed mechanistic understanding of the biological template, but also paved the way to atypical selectivity and activity, such as catalytic hydrogen evolution. This review is aimed at representing the last decade’s progress in the research of and with molybdenum and tungsten functional model compounds. The portrayed systems, organized according to their ability to facilitate typical and artificial enzyme reactions, comprise complexes with non-innocent dithiolene ligands, resembling molybdopterin, as well as entirely non-natural nitrogen, oxygen, and/or sulfur bearing chelating donor ligands. All model compounds receive individual attention, highlighting the specific novelty that each provides for our understanding of the enzymatic mechanisms, such as oxygen atom transfer and proton-coupled electron transfer, or that each presents for exploiting new and useful catalytic capability. Overall, a shift in the application of these model compounds towards uncommon reactions is noted, the latter are comprehensively discussed.
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12
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Bioinspired nanozyme enabling glucometer readout for portable monitoring of pesticide under resource-scarce environments. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Jermakka J, Thompson Brewster E, Freguia S, Ledezma P, Kokko M. Electro-concentration of urine designed for separation of sodium from nitrogen. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Ehweiner MA, Wiedemaier F, Lajin B, Schachner JA, Belaj F, Goessler W, Mösch-Zanetti NC. Nature-Inspired Homogeneous Catalytic Perchlorate Reduction Using Molybdenum Complexes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Wiedemaier
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bassam Lajin
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry for Health and Environment, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg A. Schachner
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Belaj
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry for Health and Environment, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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