1
|
Zhao C, Gao R, Ma W, Li M, Li Y, Zhang Q, Guan W, Fu J. A facile synthesis of α,β-unsaturated imines via palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4329. [PMID: 38773128 PMCID: PMC11109338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The dehydrogenation adjacent to an electron-withdrawing group provides an efficient access to α,β-unsaturated compounds that serving as versatile synthons in organic chemistry. However, the α,β-desaturation of aliphatic imines has hitherto proven to be challenging due to easy hydrolysis and preferential dimerization. Herein, by employing a pre-fluorination and palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation reaction sequence, the abundant simple aliphatic amides are amendable to the rapid construction of complex molecular architectures to produce α,β-unsaturated imines. Mechanistic investigations reveal a Pd(0)/Pd(II) catalytic cycle involving oxidative H-F elimination of N-fluoroamide followed by a smooth α,β-desaturation of the in-situ generated aliphatic imine intermediate. This protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, and even the carbonyl groups are compatible without any competing dehydrogenation, allowing for late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules. The synthetic utility of this transformation has been further demonstrated by a diversity-oriented derivatization and a concise formal synthesis of (±)-alloyohimbane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Rongwan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wenxuan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Junkai Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ishii A, Hata T, Shigeta M, Urabe H. Nucleophilic Addition of Amides to Haloalkynes: Synthesis of ( Z)-β-Halovinyl Amides as Dual Precursors of Alkylidene Carbenes and Allyl Halides. Org Lett 2024; 26:2999-3003. [PMID: 38578270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Toward a regioselective method for the synthesis of β-halovinyl amides, we developed a transition-metal-free nucleophilic addition reaction of amides to haloalkynes. The regioselective nucleophilic addition was achieved under solvent-free conditions using phosphonates to protonate the intermediate alkylidene carbenoids, thus suppressing their decomposition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that β-halovinyl amides can serve as dual precursors of allyl halides and alkylidene carbenes to obtain functionalized indoles and pyrrolidones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Ishii
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hata
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shigeta
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Urabe
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raje S, Sheikh Mohammad T, de Ruiter G. A Neutral PC NHCP Co(I)-Me Pincer Complex as a Catalyst for N-Allylic Isomerization with a Broad Substrate Scope. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4319-4325. [PMID: 38520345 PMCID: PMC11002938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Earth-abundant-metal catalyzed double bond transposition offers a sustainable and atom-economical route toward the synthesis of internal alkenes. With an emphasis specifically on internal olefins and ethers, the isomerization of allylic amines has been particularly under represented in the literature. Herein, we report an efficient methodology for the selective isomerization of N-allylic organic compounds, including amines, amides, and imines. The reaction is catalyzed by a neutral PCNHCP cobalt(I) pincer complex and proceeds via a π-allyl mechanism. The isomerization occurs readily at 80-90 °C, and it is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups. The in situ formed enamines could additionally be used for a one-pot inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction to furnish a series of diversely substituted heterobiaryls, which is further discussed in this report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Raje
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Tofayel Sheikh Mohammad
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Graham de Ruiter
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Höeg F, Luxenberger L, Fedulin A, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Cobalt-catalyzed double hydroboration of pyridines. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5201-5210. [PMID: 38577376 PMCID: PMC10988591 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05418g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cobalt(ii) complexes were prepared from a modular phosphinopyridonate platform and applied to the hydroboration of pyridines. The synthetically useful, yet challenging, double hydroboration toward tetrahydropyridine derivatives was successfully performed with high activity and regiocontrol. This new method enabled the direct synthesis of N-heterocyclic allylic boronates from commercial pyridines and pinacolborane (HBpin). One-pot acetylation afforded the bench-stable borylated N-acetyl tetrahydropyridines in good yields. The synthetic utility of this procedure was demonstrated by a gram-scale double hydroboration-acetylation sequence followed by chemical diversification. Mechanistic experiments indicated metal-ligand cooperativity involving ligand-centered C-H activation and the intermediacy of a cobalt(iii) hydride species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Finn Höeg
- Dept of Chemistry, University of Hamburg Martin Luther King Pl. 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
- Philipps-University of Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Lea Luxenberger
- Dept of Chemistry, University of Hamburg Martin Luther King Pl. 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Andrey Fedulin
- Dept of Chemistry, University of Hamburg Martin Luther King Pl. 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
- University of Regensburg Universitätsstr 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wan Y, Ramírez E, Ford A, Zhang HK, Norton JR, Li G. Cooperative Fe/Co-Catalyzed Remote Desaturation for the Synthesis of Unsaturated Amide Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4985-4992. [PMID: 38320266 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Unsaturated amides represent common functional groups found in natural products and bioactive molecules and serve as versatile synthetic building blocks. Here, we report an iron(II)/cobalt(II) dual catalytic system for the syntheses of distally unsaturated amide derivatives. The transformation proceeds through an iron nitrenoid-mediated 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) mechanism. Subsequently, the radical intermediate undergoes hydrogen atom abstraction from vicinal methylene by a cobaloxime catalyst, efficiently yielding β,γ- or γ,δ-unsaturated amide derivatives under mild conditions. The efficiency of Co-mediated HAT can be tuned by varying different auxiliaries, highlighting the generality of this protocol. Remarkably, this desaturation protocol is also amenable to practical scalability, enabling the synthesis of unsaturated carbamates and ureas, which can be readily converted into various valuable molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Emmanuel Ramírez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Ayzia Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Harriet K Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack R Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Trachsel L, Konar D, Hillman JD, Davidson CLG, Sumerlin BS. Diversification of Acrylamide Polymers via Direct Transamidation of Unactivated Tertiary Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1627-1634. [PMID: 38189246 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Postpolymerization modification offers a versatile strategy for synthesizing complex macromolecules, yet modifying acrylamide polymers like poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) is notoriously challenging due to the inherent stability and low reactivity of amide bonds. In this study, we unveil a novel approach for the direct transamidation of PDMA, leveraging recent advances in the transamidation of unactivated tertiary amide substrates. By exploiting photoiniferter polymerization, we extended this direct transamidation approach to ultrahigh-molecular-weight (UHMW) PDMA, showcasing the unprecedented postpolymerization modification of synthetic polymers exceeding 106 g/mol. We also designed acrylamide copolymers comprising both the moderately reactive N-methyl-N-phenyl tertiary amides, along with the less reactive, fully alkyl-substituted N,N-dimethyl amides inherent to PDMA. This disparate reactivity enabled a sequential, chemoselective transamidation by initially targeting the more reactive pendant aryl amides with less nucleophilic aromatic amines, and second, transamidating the untouched N,N-dimethyl amide moieties with more nucleophilic aliphatic amines, yielding a uniquely diversified acrylamide copolymer. This work not only broadens the scope of postpolymerization modification strategies by pioneering direct transamidation of unactivated amides but also provides a robust platform for the design of intricate macromolecules, particularly in the realm of UHMW polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Trachsel
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Debabrata Konar
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Jason D Hillman
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Cullen L G Davidson
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wen C, Li T, Huang Z, Kang QK. Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Alkanes through Homogeneous Base Metal Catalysis. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300146. [PMID: 37283443 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Preparing valuable olefins from cheap and abundant alkane resources has long been a challenging task in organic synthesis, which mainly suffers from harsh reaction conditions and narrow scopes. Homogeneous transition metals catalyzed dehydrogenation of alkanes has attracted much attention for its excellent catalytic activities under relatively milder conditions. Among them, base metal catalyzed oxidative alkane dehydrogenation has emerged as a viable strategy for olefin synthesis for its usage of cheap catalysts, compatibility with various functional groups, and low reaction temperature. In this review, we discuss recent development of base metal catalyzed alkane dehydrogenation under oxidative conditions and their application in constructing complex molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wen
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Kai Kang
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren J, Xu J, Kong X, Li J, Li K. Coordinating activation strategy enables 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11466-11473. [PMID: 37886104 PMCID: PMC10599465 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The radical 1,2-difunctionalization reaction of alkynes has been evolved into a versatile approach for expeditiously increasing the complexity of the common feedstock alkyne. However, intermolecular 1,2-carboamidation with general alkyl groups is an unsolved problem. Herein, we show that a coordinating activation strategy could act as an efficient tool for enabling radical 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. With the employment of diacyl peroxides as both alkylating reagents and internal oxidants, a large library of β-alkylated enamides is constructed in a three-component manner from readily accessible amides and alkynes. This protocol exhibits broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility and is amenable for late-stage functionalization of natural molecules and biologically compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Junhua Xu
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Kong
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Kaizhi Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhat MY, Padder AH, Gupta R, Ahmed QN. Tf 2O-Promoted Regioselective Heteronucleophilic Ring-Opening Approaches of Tetrahydrofuran. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14323-14338. [PMID: 37817465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The ring-opening functionalization strategy in tetrahydrofuran (THF) represents an ideal approach to access different valuable structures. Herein, we report different operationally simple, efficient, unique, and practical regioselective heteronucleophilic ring-opening strategies for the THF system. Tf2O, which is a strong electrophilic activator, was found to generate a THF triflate intermediate that triggers the nucleophilicity of nitriles (Nu1) and led to regioselective ring opening in the presence of different nucleophiles (Nu2). Furthermore, the synthesis of different heteronucleophilic ring-opening dimerization products was attributed to the nucleophilicity of Nu2. We also demonstrated that use of borane-tetrahydrofuran (BTHF) can achieve challenging hydride addition in a similar manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yaqoob Bhat
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashiq Hussain Padder
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Raman Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College of Engineering and Technology, Jammu 181122, India
| | - Qazi Naveed Ahmed
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yamasaki R, Ono M, Morita K, Ito A, Fukuda K, Okamoto I. Structures and Reactivities of N-Alkenyl-Substituted Anilides: The "Magic" Methyl Effect on Alkene. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14487-14493. [PMID: 37768066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Methyl substitution at the double bond of N-alkenyl anilides influences both the preferred conformation and the susceptibility to acidic hydrolysis. The R1-substituted amide favors the trans conformation, whereas amides substituted at R2 or R3 favor the cis conformation. Substitution at the R1 and R3 positions increases the ratio of the trans conformer. DFT study indicated that these conformational preferences can be explained in terms of substituent-induced torsion twisting of the N-alkenyl moiety relative to the amide plane. R1 substitution enhances the susceptibility to acidic hydrolysis, whereas R2 or R3 substitution increases the stability. The effect of the double bond on the conformational effect was showcased by contrasting the preferred conformation of R1-substituted anilide (trans) and hydrogenated N-isopropyl amide (cis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Yamasaki
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan
| | - Mariko Ono
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan
| | - Kento Morita
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan
| | - Ai Ito
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan
| | - Kazuo Fukuda
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan
| | - Iwao Okamoto
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang R, Liu WH. Decarboxylative Enamide Synthesis from Carboxylic Acid and Alkenyl Isocyanate. Org Lett 2023; 25:5231-5235. [PMID: 37428197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we reported a protocol to access the enamide via employing carboxylic acid and alkenyl isocyanate as the precursors promoted by DMAP without involving any metal catalysts and dehydration reagents. This protocol is simple and practical and tolerates numerous functional groups. Considering the simplicity, the ready availability of both starting materials, and the significance of the enamides, we expect that this reaction will find broad application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenbo H Liu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu L, Qu J, Chen Y. Merging Alkene Isomerization Enables Difunctionalization of Cyclic Enamines toward Ring-Fused Aminal Synthesis. Org Lett 2023; 25:992-997. [PMID: 36746651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we report a Pd-catalyzed isomerization of alicyclic allyl amine to achieve the unprecedented α,β-difunctionalization of synthetically inaccessible trisubstituted cyclic enamine. The dual role of in situ formed enamine intermediate allows for the intermolecular formal [4 + 2] reaction with acrylamide or isatoic anhydride to simultaneously construct the C-C bond and C-N bond, thus realizing the expedient construction of [4.3.0]-aminal with excellent diastereoselectivity and high atom economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jingping Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feng M, Zhang H, Maulide N. Challenges and Breakthroughs in Selective Amide Activation. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202212213. [PMID: 38504998 PMCID: PMC10947092 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to ketones and carboxylic esters, amides are classically seen as comparatively unreactive members of the carbonyl family, owing to their unique structural and electronic features. However, recent decades have seen the emergence of research programmes focused on the selective activation of amides under mild conditions. In the past four years, this area has continued to rapidly develop, with new advances coming in at a fast pace. Several novel activation strategies have been demonstrated as effective tools for selective amide activation, enabling transformations that are at once synthetically useful and mechanistically intriguing. This Minireview comprises recent advances in the field, highlighting new trends and breakthroughs in what could be called a new age of amide activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Haoqi Zhang
- Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Entropy-Oriented Drug DesignJosef-Holaubek-Platz 21090ViennaAustria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Entropy-Oriented Drug DesignJosef-Holaubek-Platz 21090ViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jin W, Yu S. Photoexcited Palladium-Initiated Remote Desaturation of N-Alkoxypyridinium Salts. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14715-14722. [PMID: 36219516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
1,5-Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) is an effective strategy to achieve remote desaturation of nonfunctionalized alkanes. Herein, we report a photoinduced remote desaturation reaction of N-alkoxypyridinium salts, which serve as alkoxyl radical precursors. Mechanistic studies show that a single electron transfer between the excited palladium complex and a N-alkoxypyridinium salt initiates a radical chain process leading to desaturation of N-alkoxypyridinium salts. This chain mechanism is supported by the measurement of the quantum yield of this reaction (Φ = 82). This reaction is applicable to a range of N-alkoxypyridinium salts, including some complex molecule-derived ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xia XF, Huang Q, Sun TY, Jiang Y, Ran G. Catalytic Desaturation and β-Fluorination of Aliphatic Amides Enabled by an Oxidative-Promoted Bond Destabilization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu214122, China
| | - Quan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu214122, China
| | - Tian-Yu Sun
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen518132, China
| | - Yuqin Jiang
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang453007, China
| | - Guoxia Ran
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu T, Gan KB, Zhong RL, He X, Kwong FY. A Metal-Free and Redox-Neutral Benzylic C-O Cyclization for Succinct Access of Helical Chromenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:6805-6809. [PMID: 36098713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A redox-neutral benzylic C-O cyclization under beneficial transition-metal-free conditions is reported. Key to the success of this process is the utilization of the Tf anion as the leaving group for achieving the redox-neutral transformation. This protocol delivers a series of captivating helical compounds having various functionality in good-to-excellent yields. It is particularly noteworthy that sterically hindered helical compounds are conformationally stable. In addition to simple helical chromenes, the bihelical multiple-ring systems which are potentially useful in material chemistry are also easily attained by employing this method. DFT calculation revealed that quinone intermediate is the key species, among four possible mechanisms, for accomplishing the desired cyclization via an oxa-6π-electrocyclization pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, No. 10, Second Yuexing Road, Shenzhen 518507, P. R. China
| | - Kin Boon Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, No. 10, Second Yuexing Road, Shenzhen 518507, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Lin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Xinwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Fuk Yee Kwong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, No. 10, Second Yuexing Road, Shenzhen 518507, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tang Z, Mo K, Ma X, Huang J, Zhao D. para
‐Selective Radical Trifluoromethylation of Benzamide Derivatives via Iminium Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208089. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyong Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Ke Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jialin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Depeng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dhungana RK, Granados A, Sharique M, Majhi J, Molander GA. A three-component difunctionalization of N-alkenyl amides via organophotoredox radical-polar crossover. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9556-9559. [PMID: 35930003 PMCID: PMC10443537 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04101d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a three-component organophotoredox coupling of N-alkenyl amides with α-bromocarbonyls and various nucleophiles. This transition metal-free difunctionalization protocol installs sequential C-C and C-Y (Y = S/O/N) bonds in alkenes. This reaction works with terminal and internal alkenes containing both cyclic and acyclic amides via radical-polar crossover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan K Dhungana
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Albert Granados
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Mohammed Sharique
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Jadab Majhi
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Gary A Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104-6323, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mart M, Jurczak J, Karakaya I. Efficient catalyst-free direct amidation of non-activated carboxylic acids from carbodiimides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7900-7906. [PMID: 35979745 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01322c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient catalyst- and activating agent-free amidation method via direct amidation of carboxylic acids where carbodiimides act as a reagent instead of an activating agent is reported. The reaction is conducted under non-traditional coupling conditions where a higher temperature is employed. Besides not using stoichiometric ratios of activating agent or catalyst, this approach is made even more attractive by occurring in the presence of the environmentally friendly and recyclable non-toxic solvent of DMSO. A wide variety of benzylic, aliphatic, α,β-unsaturated and aromatic carboxylic acids provide related amides in up to 95% yield. The excellent yield from a gram-scale reaction shows that this application is particularly convenient for larger-scale synthesis applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Mart
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka, 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Janusz Jurczak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka, 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Idris Karakaya
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ritu, Das S, Tian YM, Karl T, Jain N, König B. Photocatalyzed Dehydrogenation of Aliphatic N-Heterocycles Releasing Dihydrogen. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Saikat Das
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Ya-Ming Tian
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Tobias Karl
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Burkhard König
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu Y, Jiang C, Li H, Liu P, Sun P. Electrochemical Aerobic Oxygenation and Nitrogenation of Cyclic Alkenes via C═C Bond Cleavage or Oxygenation and Azidation of Open-Chain Alkenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11031-11041. [PMID: 35917464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient strategy involving electrochemical C═C double-bond cleavage and functionalization of cyclic alkenes for the synthesis of ketonitriles is described. This transformation features environmentally friendly conditions and utilizes relatively safe TMSN3 as the nitrogenation reagent and molecular oxygen as the oxidant. For the open-chain alkenes, the reaction gave 1,2-difunctionalized products. A wide range of cyclic alkenes and open-chain alkenes were found to be compatible, providing the corresponding ketonitriles and α-azido aromatic ketones in moderate to good yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Heng Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Melnykov KP, Tavlui O, Skreminskiy A, Kuchkovska YO, Grygorenko OO. Impact of Fluoroalkyl Substituents on the Physicochemical Properties of Saturated Heterocyclic Amines. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201601. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kostiantyn P. Melnykov
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 60 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
| | - Olha Tavlui
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 60 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
| | | | - Yuliya O. Kuchkovska
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Current address: Biozentrum University of Basel Spitalstrasse 41 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Oleksandr O. Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 60 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Matsuo BT, Oliveira PHR, Pissinati EF, Vega KB, de Jesus IS, Correia JTM, Paixao M. Photoinduced carbamoylation reactions: unlocking new reactivities towards amide synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8322-8339. [PMID: 35843219 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02585j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of amide-containing compounds is among the most interesting and challenging topics for the synthetic community. Such relevance is given by their reactive aspects explored in the context of organic synthesis and by the direct application of these compounds as pharmaceuticals and useful materials, and their key roles in biological structures. A simple and straightforward strategy for the amide moiety installation is the use of carbamoyl radicals - this nucleophilic one-electron intermediate is prone to undergo a series of transformations, providing a range of structurally relevant derivatives. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the field from the perspective of photoinduced protocols. To this end, their synthetic applications are organized accordingly to the nature of the radical precursor (formamides through HAT, 4-substituted-1,4-dihydropyridines, oxamic acids, and N-hydroxyphthalimido esters), the mechanistic aspects also being highlighted. The discussion also includes a recent approach proceeding via photolytic C-S cleavage of dithiocarbamate-carbamoyl intermediates. By exploring fundamental concepts, this material aims to offer an understanding of the topic, which will encourage and facilitate the design of new synthetic strategies applying the carbamoyl radical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca T Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil. .,Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Pedro H R Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Emanuele F Pissinati
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Kimberly B Vega
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Iva S de Jesus
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Jose Tiago M Correia
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Paixao
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu DP, Ou W, Huang PQ. Ir-Catalyzed Chemoselective Reductive Condensation Reactions of Tertiary Amides with Active Methylene Compounds. Org Lett 2022; 24:5366-5371. [PMID: 35849542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic reductive condensation reactions of tertiary amides with active methylene compounds leading to multifunctionalized non-N-containing products is described. The reactions proceed through sequential iridium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of the amides followed by acid-mediated condensation with the active methylene compounds. This scalable method is broad in scope and shows remarkable chemoselectivity for the amide group in the presence of several sensitive or even more reactive functionalities such as ester, cyano, nitro, silyl dienol ether, and ketone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ping Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ou
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Z, Wen F, Liu H, Li Z. Selective
N
‐Monovinylation of Primary Aromatic Amides Using Calcium Carbide as an Alkyne Source. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeshuai Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Fei Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Herbort JH, Bednar TN, Chen AD, RajanBabu TV, Nagib DA. γ C-H Functionalization of Amines via Triple H-Atom Transfer of a Vinyl Sulfonyl Radical Chaperone. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13366-13373. [PMID: 35820104 PMCID: PMC9405708 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A selective, remote desaturation has been developed to rapidly access homoallyl amines from their aliphatic precursors. The strategy employs a triple H-atom transfer (HAT) cascade, entailing (i) cobalt-catalyzed metal-HAT (MHAT), (ii) carbon-to-carbon 1,6-HAT, and (iii) Co-H regeneration via MHAT. A new class of sulfonyl radical chaperone (to rapidly access and direct remote, radical reactivity) enables remote desaturation of diverse amines, amino acids, and peptides with excellent site-, chemo-, and regioselectivity. The key, enabling C-to-C HAT step in this cascade was computationally designed to satisfy both thermodynamic (bond strength) and kinetic (polarity) requirements, and it has been probed via regioselectivity, isomerization, and competition experiments. We have also interrupted this radical transfer dehydrogenation to achieve γ-selective C-Cl, C-CN, and C-N bond formations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James H Herbort
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Taylor N Bednar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Andrew D Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - T V RajanBabu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - David A Nagib
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang C, Azofra LM, Dam P, Sebek M, Steinfeldt N, Rabeah J, El-Sepelgy O. Catalytic Desaturation of Aliphatic Amides and Imides Enabled by Excited-State Base-Metal Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Wang
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Luis Miguel Azofra
- Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Phong Dam
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Sebek
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Norbert Steinfeldt
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Osama El-Sepelgy
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yu WL, Ren ZG, Ma KX, Yang HQ, Yang JJ, Zheng H, Wu W, Xu PF. Cobalt-catalyzed chemoselective dehydrogenation through radical translocation under visible light. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7947-7954. [PMID: 35865906 PMCID: PMC9258329 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02291e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformations that allow the direct removal of hydrogen from their corresponding saturated counterparts by the dehydrogenative strategy are a dream reaction that has remained largely underexplored. In this report, a straightforward and robust cobaloxime-catalyzed photochemical dehydrogenation strategy via intramolecular HAT is described for the first time. The reaction proceeds through an intramolecular radical translocation followed by the cobalt assisted dehydrogenation without needing any other external photosensitizers, noble-metals or oxidants. With this approach, a series of valuable unsaturated compounds such as α,β-unsaturated amides, enamides and allylic and homoallylic sulfonamides were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with good chemo- and regioselectivities, and the synthetic versatility was demonstrated by a range of transformations. And mechanistic studies of the method are discussed. The dehydrogenative reactions proceeded through selective 1,n-hydrogen atom transfer (n = 5–7) for remote C–H activation by cobaloxime catalysis.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China .,Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Zi-Gang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ke-Xing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hui-Qing Yang
- Henan and Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Jun-Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou China
| | - Wangsuo Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China .,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou China .,Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhao D, Tang Z, Mo K, Ma X, Huang J. para‐Selective Radical Trifluoromethylation of Benzamide Derivatives via Iminium Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Waihuan East Road 510006 Guangzhou CHINA
| | - Zhanyong Tang
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wai-Huan east roadNo. 132 Guangzhou CHINA
| | - Ke Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences WaiHuan east roadNo 132 Guangzhou CHINA
| | - Xiaoqiang Ma
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Waihuan east roadNo. 132 Guangzhou CHINA
| | - Jialin Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Waihuan east roadNo. 132 Guangzhou CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zuo D, Wang Q, Liu L, Huang T, Szostak M, Chen T. Highly Chemoselective Transamidation of Unactivated Tertiary Amides by Electrophilic N-C(O) Activation by Amide-to-Acyl Iodide Re-routing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202794. [PMID: 35355386 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The challenging transamidation of unactivated tertiary amides has been accomplished via cooperative acid/iodide catalysis. Most crucially, the method provides a novel manifold to re-route the reactivity of unactivated N,N-dialkyl amides through reactive acyl iodide intermediates, thus reverting the classical order of reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives. This method provides a direct route to amide-to-amide bond interconversion with excellent chemoselectivity using equivalent amounts of amines. The combination of acid and iodide has been identified as the essential factor to activate the amide C-N bond through electrophilic catalytic activation, enabling the production of new desired transamidated products with wide substrate scope of both unactivated amides and amines, including late-stage functionalization of complex APIs (>80 examples). We anticipate that this powerful activation mode of unactivated amide bonds will find broad-ranging applications in chemical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Zuo
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Qun Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Long Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Suraj, Swamy KCK. Ring-Expansion Reactions of Epoxy Amides and Enamides: Functionalized Azetidines, Dihydrofurans, Diazocanes, or Dioxa-3-azabicyclonon-4-enes? J Org Chem 2022; 87:6612-6629. [PMID: 35522603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized azetidines, 2,3-dihydrofurans, or the unorthodox dioxa-3-azabicyclonone-4-ene motifs are the products from transition metal-free reaction between N-oxiranylmethyl benzenesulfonamide and β-chloro-cinnamaldehyde, depending on whether one uses either NaI/K2CO3 or LiBr/K2CO3. These ring expansion reactions involve enamide (X-ray evidence) derived from N-oxiranylmethyl benzenesulfonamide and β-chloro-cinnamaldehyde as an intermediate. The N-oxiranylmethyl benzenesulfonamide itself upon heating gives readily separable and crystalline isomeric diazocanes that can be characterized by X-ray crystallography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 046, India
| | - K C Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 046, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xiao Y, Tang L, Xu TT, Feng JJ. Boron Lewis Acid Catalyzed Intermolecular trans-Hydroarylation of Ynamides with Hydroxyarenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:2619-2624. [PMID: 35389667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An atom-economic protocol for the efficient and highly chemo- and stereoselective trans-hydroarylation of ynamides with hydroxyarenes catalyzed by B(C6F5)3 has been developed. Use of readily available starting materials, low catalyst loading, mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, ease of scale-up, and versatile functionalizations of the enamide products make this approach very practical and attractive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Interception of enamine intermediates in reductive functionalization of lactams by sodium hydride: Synthesis of 2-cyano-3-iodo piperidines and pyrrolidines. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
34
|
Zuo D, Wang Q, Liu L, Huang T, Szostak M, Chen T. Highly Chemoselective Transamidation of Unactivated Tertiary Amides by Electrophilic N–C(O) Activation via Amide‐to‐Acyl Iodide Re‐Routing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Zuo
- Hainan University College of Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Qun Wang
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Long Liu
- Hainan University College of Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Hainan University College of Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Michal Szostak
- Rutgers University Newark Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Hainan University College of Chemical Engineering and Technology No. 58, Renmin Avenue, Meilan District 570228 Haikou CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cao VD, Kim H, Kwak J, Joung S. (3 + 2) Cycloaddition Reaction of the Endocyclic N-Silyl Enamine and N, N′-Cyclic Azomethine Imine. Org Lett 2022; 24:1974-1978. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Do Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Huiae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Kwak
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seewon Joung
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Qi M, Suleman M, Xie J, Lu P, Wang Y. Cu(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of 4-(1,4,5,6-Tetrahydropyridin-3-yl)-1,4-dihydroisoquinolin-3-ones from 4-Diazoisoquinolin-3-ones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4088-4096. [PMID: 35213165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple, efficient, and highly selective C-H bond insertion of copper carbenes generated in situ from 4-diazo-1,4-dihydroisoquinolin-3-ones into β-C(sp2)-H bonds of N-sulfonyl enamides, which gave a series of 4-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-3-yl)-1,4-dihydroisoquinolin-3(2H)-ones in good to excellent yields. Operationally simple and mild reaction conditions, a cheap catalyst, readily accessible starting materials, and a broad substrate scope are the merits of this reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yanguang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Feng T, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiu Y. Electrochemical Desaturative β‐Acylation of Cyclic
N
‐Aryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yin Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shouzhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xu X, Huang L, Smits E, Zhong L, Feng H, Van der Eycken EV. Synthesis of N-alkenylisoquinolinones via palladium-catalyzed cyclization/C 4–O bond cleavage of oxazolidines. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04127h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed cascade ring-opening reaction to synthesize N-alkenylisoquinolinones via cyclization and C–O bond cleavage is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Xu
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
| | - Liliang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Eva Smits
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
| | - Ling Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huangdi Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Street 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li X, Cheng Z, Liu J, Zhang Z, Song S, Jiao N. Selective desaturation of amides: a direct approach to enamides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9056-9061. [PMID: 36091215 PMCID: PMC9365091 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
C(sp3)–H bond desaturation has been an attractive strategy in organic synthesis. Enamides are important structural fragments in pharmaceuticals and versatile synthons in organic synthesis. However, the dehydrogenation of amides usually occurs on the acyl side benefitting from enolate chemistry like the desaturation of ketones and esters. Herein, we demonstrate an Fe-assisted regioselective oxidative desaturation of amides, which provides an efficient approach to enamides and β-halogenated enamides. A novel and regioselective N-α,β-desaturation and dehydrogenative N-β-halogenation of amides was developed. This chemistry with high selectivity and broad substrate scope provides an efficient approach to enamides from simple amides.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zengrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Feng T, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiu Y. Electrochemical Desaturative β-Acylation of Cyclic N-Aryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115178. [PMID: 34878215 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a straightforward, robust, and simple route to access β-substituted desaturated cyclic amines via an electrochemically driven desaturative β-functionalization of cyclic amines. This transformation is based on multiple single-electron oxidation processes using catalytic amounts of ferrocene. The reaction proceeds in the absence of stoichiometric amounts of electrolyte under mild conditions, affording the desired products with high chemo- and regioselectivity. The reaction was tolerant of a broad range of substrates and also enables late-stage β-C(sp3 )-H acylation of potentially valuable products. Preliminary mechanistic studies using cyclic voltammetry reveal the key role of ferrocene as a redox mediator in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yin Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shouzhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xia Y, Jana K, Studer A. Remote Radical Desaturation of Unactivated C-H Bonds in Amides. Chemistry 2021; 27:16621-16625. [PMID: 34590351 PMCID: PMC9292639 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Desaturation of inert aliphatic C-H bonds in alkanes to form the corresponding alkenes is challenging. In this communication, a new and practical strategy for remote site-selective desaturation of amides via radical chemistry is reported. The readily installed N-allylsulfonylamide moiety serves as an N radical precursor. Intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer from an inert C-H bond to the N-radical generates a translocated C-radical which is subsequently oxidized and deprotonated to give the corresponding alkene. The commercially available methanesulfonyl chloride is used as reagent and a Cu/Ag-couple as oxidant. The remote desaturation is realized on different types of unactivated sp3 -C-H bonds. The potential synthetic utility of this method is further demonstrated by the dehydrogenation of natural product derivatives and drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, No.55 University Town South Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Kalipada Jana
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|