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Liu X, Jin Z, Qiu F, Guo Y, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhang L. Hexabenzoheptacene: A Longitudinally Multihelicene Nanocarbon with Local Aromaticity and Enhanced Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407547. [PMID: 38725308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a longitudinally helical molecular nanocarbon, hexabenzoheptacene (HBH), along with its dimethylated derivative (HBH-Me), which are composed of six benzene rings periodically benzannulated to both zigzag edges of a heptacene core. This benzannulation pattern endows the resulting nanocarbons with a helical heptacene core and local aromaticity, imparting enhanced solubility and stability to the system. The chiral HBH-Me adopts a more highly twisted conformation with an end-to-end twist angle of 95°, enabling the separation of the enantiomers. Both HBH and HBH-Me can be facilely oxidized into their corresponding dications, which exhibit enhanced planarity and aromaticity upon loss of electrons. Notably, both longitudinally helical nanocarbons readily promote solid state packing into two-dimensional (2D) arrangement. Single-crystal microbelts of HBH-Me show hole mobility up to 0.62 cm2 V-1 s-1, illustrating the promising potential of these longitudinally helical molecules for organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiong Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fei Qiu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformation, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformation, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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2
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Kumar V, Bharathkumar HJ, Dongre SD, Gonnade R, Krishnamoorthy K, Babu SS. Isomer Effect on Energy Storage of π-Extended S-Shaped Double[6]Heterohelicene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311657. [PMID: 37782466 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently, chiral and nonplanar cutouts of graphene have been the favorites due to their unique optical, electronic, and redox properties and high solubility compared with their planar counterparts. Despite the remarkable progress in helicenes, π-extended heterohelicenes have not been widely explored. As an anode in a lithium-ion battery, the racemic mixture of π-extended double heterohelical nanographene containing thienothiophene core exhibited a high lithium storage capability, attaining a specific capacity of 424 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 with excellent rate capability and superior long-term cycling performance over 6000 cycles with negligible fade. As a first report, the π-extended helicene isomer (PP and MM), with the more interlayer distance that helps faster diffusion of ions, has exhibited a high capacity of 300 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1 with long-term cycling performance over 1500 cycles compared to the less performing MP and PM isomer and racemic mixture (150 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1 ). As supported by single-crystal X-ray analysis, a unique molecular design of nanographenes with a fixed (helical) molecular geometry, avoiding restacking of the layers, renders better performance as an anode in lithium-ion batteries. Interestingly, the recycled nanographene anode material displayed comparable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viksit Kumar
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - H J Bharathkumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Sangram D Dongre
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Rajesh Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Kothandam Krishnamoorthy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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Eichelmann R, Ballmann J, Gade LH. Tetraazacoronenes and Their Dimers, Trimers and Tetramers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309198. [PMID: 37409960 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetraazacoronenes were synthesized from bay-functionalized tetraazaperylenes by Zr-mediated cyclization and four-fold Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling. In the Zr-mediated approach, an η4 -cyclobutadiene-zirconium(IV) complex was isolated as an intermediate to cyclobutene-annulated derivatives. Using bis(pinacolatoboryl)vinyltrimethylsilane as a C2 building block gave the tetraazacoronene target compound along with the condensed azacoronene dimer as well as higher oligomers. The series of extended azacoronenes show highly resolved UV/Vis absorption bands with increased extinction coefficients for the extended aromatic cores and fluorescence quantum yields of up to 80 % at 659 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Eichelmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Sun Z, Fan W, Han Y, Yuan W, Ni Y, Wang J, Wei H, Zhao Y, Sun Z, Wu J. Helical fused 1,2:8,9-dibenzozethrene oligomers with up to 201° end-to-end twist: "one-pot" synthesis and chiral resolution. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7922-7927. [PMID: 37502331 PMCID: PMC10370577 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02285d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Twisted polyarenes with persistent chirality are desirable but their synthesis has remained a challenge. In this study, we present a "one-pot" synthesis of 1,2:8,9-dibenzozethrene (DBZ) and its vertically fused dimers and trimers using nickel-catalyzed cyclo-oligomerization reactions. X-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed highly twisted helical structures that consist of equal parts left- and right-handed enantiomers. Notably, the end-to-end twist between the terminal anthracene units measured 66°, 130°, and 201° for the DBZ monomer, dimer, and trimer, respectively, setting a new record among twisted polyarenes. Furthermore, the chiral resolution by HPLC yielded two enantiomers for the fused DBZ dimer and trimer, both of which maintained stable configurations and showed absorption dissymmetry factors of around 0.008-0.009. Additionally, their optical and electrochemical properties were investigated, which exhibited a chain-length dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Sun
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350507 China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
| | - Wei Yuan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
| | - Jinyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
| | - Haipeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350507 China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore
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Huang YY, Wu B, Shi D, Liu D, Meng W, Ma J, Qin L, Li C, Zhang G, Zhang XS, Zhang D. A Heptacene Analogue Entailing a Quinoidal Benzodi[7]annulene (7/6/7 Ring) Core with a Tunable Configuration and Multiple Redox Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300990. [PMID: 36861376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-benzenoid acenes containing heptagons have received increasing attention. We herein report a heptacene analogue containing a quinoidal benzodi[7]annulene core. Derivatives of this new non-benzenoid acene were obtained through an efficient synthetic strategy involving an Aldol condensation and a Diels-Alder reaction as key steps. The configuration of this heptacene analogue can be modulated from a wavy to a curved one by just varying the substituents from a (triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl group to a 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl (Trip) group. When mesityl (Mes) groups are linked to the heptagons, the resulting non-benzenoid acene displays polymorphism with a tunable configuration from a curved to a wavy one upon varying the crystallization conditions. In addition, this new non-benzenoid acene can be oxidized or reduced by NOSbF6 or KC8 to the respective radical cation or radical anion. Compared with the neutral acene, the radical anion shows a wavy configuration and the central hexagon becomes aromatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ying Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Botao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dandan Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlong Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liyuan Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guanxin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xi-Sha Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Guo J, Zhang T, Li Z, Ye K, Wang Y, Dou C. Distorted B/O-containing nanographenes with tunable optical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2644-2647. [PMID: 36779481 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two B/O-containing nanographenes, which feature the fusion of three or six planar B/O-heterocycles onto one hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene π-framework. Incorporation of the B/O-heterocycles not only leads to distorted geometries, but also modulates the electronic structures and results in gradually red-shifted absorptions and fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Zeyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Chuandong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China. .,Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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7
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Synthesis, Photoswitching Behavior and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Substituted Tribenzo[ a, d, g]coronene. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031419. [PMID: 36771085 PMCID: PMC9919552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A family of tribenzocoronene derivatives bearing various substituents (3) were constructed through the Diels-Alder reaction, followed by the Scholl oxidation, where the molecular structure of 3b was determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The effect of substitution on the optical and electrochemical property was systematically investigated, with the assistance of theoretical calculations. Moreover, the thin films of the resulting molecules 3b and 3e complexed with fullerene produced strong photocurrent response upon irradiation of white light. In addition, 3b and 3e exhibit a positive nonlinear optical response resulting from the two-photon absorption and excited state absorption processes.
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8
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Maier S, Hippchen N, Jester F, Dodds M, Weber M, Skarjan L, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Azaarenes: 13 Rings in a Row by Cyclopentannulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214031. [PMID: 36383088 PMCID: PMC10107455 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentannulation was explored as a strategy to access large, stable azaarenes. Buchwald-Hartwig coupling of previously reported di- and tetrabrominated cyclopentannulated N,N'-dihydrotetraazapentacenes furnished stable azaarenes with up to 13 six-membered rings in a row and a length of 3.1 nm. Their optoelectronic and semi-conducting properties as well as their aromaticity were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Jester
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dodds
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michel Weber
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leon Skarjan
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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