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Dong C, Cao L, Xu X, Tao X, Zhu G. Atom-Economical Synthesis of Lewis Acidic Boron Containing Porous Organic Polymers via Hydroboration Polymerization for Basic Chemical Capture. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2301302. [PMID: 38050926 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Atom economy is one of the main concerns for material synthesis. Here, the facile synthesis of Lewis acidic boron-containing porous organic polymers (B-POPs) via hydroboration polymerization reaction of commercially available borane dimethyl sulfide complex (BH3 ∙SMe2 ) with multi-alkynes under mild reaction conditions is presented. This new synthetic method for B-POPs has the advantage of high atom economy. The resulted porous alkenyl borane polymers (PABPs) have unique features such as high boron content, strong Lewis acidity, and high surface areas. Owing to the strong Lewis acid-base interactions, PABPs exhibit excellent adsorptive capacity toward triethylamine (up to 841 mg g-1 ) and pyridine (up to 1396 mg g-1 ) vapor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Linzhu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xinmeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Guangshan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
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Sun H, Li J, Liang W, Gong X, Jing A, Yang W, Liu H, Ren S. Porous Organic Polymers as Active Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Applications. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2301335. [PMID: 38037763 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Eco-friendly and efficient energy production and storage technologies are highly demanded to address the environmental and energy crises. Porous organic polymers (POPs) are a class of lightweight porous network materials covalently linked by organic building blocks, possessing high surface areas, tunable pores, and designable components and structures. Due to their unique structural and compositional advantages, POPs have recently emerged as promising electrode materials for energy storage devices, particularly in the realm of supercapacitors and ion batteries. In this work, a comprehensive overview of recent progress and applications of POPs as electrode materials in energy storage devices, including the structural features and synthesis strategies of various POPs, as well as their applications in supercapacitors, lithium batteries, sodium batteries, and potassium batteries are provided. Finally, insights are provided into the future research directions of POPs in electrochemical energy storage technologies. It is anticipated that this work can provide readers with a comprehensive background on the design of POPs-based electrode materials and ignite more research in the development of next-generation energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Sun
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jingli Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Wencui Liang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Aoming Jing
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Wanru Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hongxu Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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Han X, Xue C, Zhao Z, Peng M, Wang Q, Liu H, Yu N, Pu C, Ren Y. Synthesis and Characterizations of Polythiophene Networks with Nonplanar BN Lewis Pair Building Blocks. ACS Macro Lett 2023:961-967. [PMID: 37384854 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Doping the boron (B) element endowed organic π-conjugated polymers (OCPs) with intriguing optoelectronic properties. Herein, we introduce a new series of thienylborane-pyridine (BN) Lewis pairs via the facile reactions between thienylborane and various pyridine derivatives. Particularly, we developed a "one-pot" synthetic protocol to access BN2 with an unstable 4-bromopyridine moiety. Polycondensations between the BN Lewis pairs and distannylated thiophene afforded a new series of BN-cross-linked polythiophenes (BN-PTs). Experiments revealed that BN-PTs exhibited highly uniform chemical structures, particularly the uniform chemical environment of B-centers. BN-PTs showed good stability in the solid state. PBN2 even maintained the uniform B-center under high temperature or moisture conditions. The studies further suggested that the presence of topological BN structures endowed the polymers with strong intramolecular charge separation character. As a proof of concept, a representative BN-PT was tested as the catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cece Xue
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Min Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haiming Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chaodan Pu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Sorokina SA, Kuchkina NV, Mikhalchenko AV, Krasnova IY, Khanin DA, Skupov KM, Shifrina ZB. Ultramicroporous Polyphenylenes via Diels-Alder Polycondensation Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092060. [PMID: 37177207 PMCID: PMC10181309 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of new microporous organic polymers attracts significant attention due to a wide scope of promising applications. In addition, the synthesis of soluble, non-crosslinking polymers of high surface area and uniform microporosity is very challenging, and the methods for soluble microporous polymers formation are rather limited. In this work, we report a new approach to construct porous polyphenylenes which employs the Diels-Alder polycondensation of multifunctional ethynyl-containing monomers of different spatial architecture with bis(cyclopentadienone)s. The resulting polymers were soluble in common organic solvents, and their structure and properties were assessed by NMR, TGA, DSC, and SEC studies. The polymers demonstrated a specific surface area up to 751 m2·g-1 and ultramicroporous (pore size ≤ 0.6 nm) structure. N2 and CO2 adsorption-desorption data revealed that porosity parameters, e.g., specific surface area and pore sizes, can be tuned selectively by varying the type of monomers and reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A Sorokina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina V Kuchkina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V Mikhalchenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Yu Krasnova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Khanin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill M Skupov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zinaida B Shifrina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Zhang Z, Zhang B, Han X, Chen H, Xue C, Peng M, Ma G, Ren Y. Stille type P-C coupling polycondensation towards phosphorus-crosslinked polythiophenes with P-regulated photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2990-2998. [PMID: 36937600 PMCID: PMC10016342 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06702a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, exploring new type polymerization protocols has been a major driving force in advancing organic polymers into highly functional materials. Herein we report a new polycondensation protocol to implant the phosphorus (P) atom in the main backbone of crosslinked polythiophenes. The polycondensation harnesses a Stille phosphorus-carbon (P-C) coupling reaction between phosphorus halides and aryl stannanes that has not been reported previously. Mechanistic studies uncovered that the P-electrophile makes the reactivity of a catalytic Pd-center highly sensitive towards the chemical structures of aryl stannanes, which is distinct from the typical Stille carbon-carbon coupling reaction. The efficient P-C polycondensation afforded a series of P-crosslinked polythiophenes (PC-PTs). Leveraging on the direct P-crosslinking polymerization, solid-state 31P NMR studies revealed highly uniform crosslinking environments. Efficient post-polymerization P-chemistry was also applied to the PC-PTs, which readily yielded the polymers with various P-environments. As a proof of concept, new PC-PTs were applied as the photocatalysts for H2 evolution under visible light irradiation. PC-PTs with an ionic P(Me)-center exhibit a H2 evolution rate up to 2050 μmol h-1 g-1, which is much higher than those of PC-PTs with a P(O)-center (900 μmol h-1 g-1) and P(iii)-center (155 μmol h-1 g-1). For the first time, the studies reveal that regulating P-center environments can be an effective strategy for fine tuning the photocatalytic H2 evolution performance of organic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Boyang Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hongyi Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Cece Xue
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Min Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Guijun Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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Wang Y, An J, Qi L, Xue Y, Li G, Lyu Q, Yang W, Li Y. Synthesis of Crystalline Phosphine-Graphdiyne with Self-Adaptive p-π Conjugation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:864-872. [PMID: 36548209 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
"Dynamic" behavior materials with high surface activity and the ability of chemical bond conversion are the frontier materials in the field of renewable energy. The outstanding feature of these materials is that they have adaptive electronic properties that external stimuli can adjust. An original discovery in a new crystalline two-dimensional phosphine-graphdiyne (P-GDY) material is described here. Although the p-π conjugation of most trivalent phosphorus π-systems is insignificant because of the pyramidal configuration, the lone pair electrons of phosphorus atoms participate strongly in the delocalization under the influence of the interlayer van der Waals forces in P-GDY. Due to the dynamically reversible nature of noncovalent interactions (p-π conjugation), P-GDY exhibits a specific adaptive behavior and realizes the responsive reversible transport of a lithium ion by regulating p-π interactions. Our findings would provide the potential to develop a new family of responsive materials with tunable structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Juan An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Lu Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Yurui Xue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Guoxing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- Schools of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China.,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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