1
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Xin T, Cummins CC. Mechanochemical Phosphorylation of Acetylides Using Condensed Phosphates: A Sustainable Route to Alkynyl Phosphonates. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1575-1580. [PMID: 37637745 PMCID: PMC10451036 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In pursuit of a more sustainable route to phosphorus-carbon (P-C) bond-containing chemicals, we herein report that phosphonates can be prepared by mechanochemical phosphorylation of acetylides using polyphosphates in a single step, redox-neutral process, bypassing white phosphorus (P4) and other high-energy, environmentally hazardous intermediates. Using sodium triphosphate (Na5P3O10) and acetylides, alkynyl phosphonates 1 can be isolated in yields of up to 32%, while reaction of sodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7) and sodium carbide (Na2C2) engendered, in an optimized yield of 63%, ethynyl phosphonate 2, an easily isolable compound that can be readily converted to useful organophosphorus chemicals. Highly condensed phosphates like Graham's salt and bioproduced polyphosphate were also found to be compatible after reducing the chain length by grinding with orthophosphate. These results demonstrate the possibility of accessing organophosphorus chemicals directly from condensed phosphates and may offer an opportunity to move toward a "greener" phosphorus industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansi Xin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Christopher C. Cummins
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Huangfu X, Liu W, Xu H, Wang Z, Wei J, Zhang WX. Photochemical Benzylation of White Phosphorus. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12009-12017. [PMID: 37458455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) have wide application in organic synthesis, material sciences, and drug discovery. Generally, the vast majority of phosphorus atoms in OPCs are derived from white phosphorus (P4). However, the large-scale preparation of OPCs mainly proceeds through the multistep and environmentally toxic chlorine route from P4. Herein, we report the direct benzylation of P4 promoted by visible light. The cheap and readily available benzyl bromide was used as a benzylation reagent, and tetrabenzylphosphonium bromide was directly synthesized from P4. In addition, the metallaphotoredox catalysis strategy was applied to functionalize P4 for the first time, which significantly improved the application range of the substituted benzyl bromide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Huangfu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hanhua Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhongzhen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Nassir M, Ociepa M, Zhang HJ, Grant LN, Simmons BJ, Oderinde MS, Kawamata Y, Cauley AN, Schmidt MA, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Stereocontrolled Radical Thiophosphorylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37399078 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The first practical, fully stereoselective P(V)-radical hydrophosphorylation is presented herein by using simple, limonene-derived reagent systems. A set of reagents have been developed that upon radical initiation react smoothly with olefins and other radical acceptors to generate P-chiral products, which can be further diversified (with conventional 2e- chemistry) to a range of underexplored bioisosteric building blocks. The reactions have a wide scope with excellent chemoselectivity, and the unexpected stereochemical outcome has been supported computationally and experimentally. Initial ADME studies are suggestive of the promising properties of this rarely explored chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molhm Nassir
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michał Ociepa
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lauren N Grant
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Bryan J Simmons
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, 10300 Campus Point Drive, Suite 100, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Martins S Oderinde
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Yu Kawamata
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Anthony N Cauley
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Michael A Schmidt
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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4
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Luo H, Li M, Wang XC, Quan ZJ. Direct synthesis of phosphorotrithioates from [TBA][P(SiCl 3) 2] and disulfides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2499-2503. [PMID: 36880434 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02285k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing organophosphorus molecules have played a pivotal role in organic synthesis, pharmaceutical pesticides and functional materials, thereby motivating researchers worldwide to establish S-P bonds from more environmentally friendly phosphorus sources. In this study, a novel method was developed for constructing S-P bonds, specifically by reacting the inorganic phosphorus derivative TBA[P(SiCl3)2] with sulfur-containing compounds under mild conditions. This method demonstrates the advantages of low energy consumption, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness. Moreover, this protocol-as a green synthesis method to replace the use of white phosphorus in the production of organophosphorus compounds (OPCs)-achieved the functional conversion of "inorganic phosphorus to organic phosphorus", in line with the national green development strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Ming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Xi-Cun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Zheng-Jun Quan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
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5
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Dannenberg SG, Seth DM, Finfer EJ, Waterman R. Divergent Mechanistic Pathways for Copper(I) Hydrophosphination Catalysis: Understanding That Allows for Diastereoselective Hydrophosphination of a Tri-substituted Styrene. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven G. Dannenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
| | - Dennis M. Seth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
| | - Emma J. Finfer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
| | - Rory Waterman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, United States
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6
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Lau S, Hood TM, Webster RL. Broken Promises? On the Continued Challenges Faced in Catalytic Hydrophosphination. ACS Catal 2022; 12:10939-10949. [PMID: 36082053 PMCID: PMC9442583 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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In this Perspective, we discuss what we perceive to be
the continued
challenges faced in catalytic hydrophosphination chemistry. Currently
the literature is dominated by catalysts, many of which are highly
effective, that generate the same phosphorus architectures, e.g.,
anti-Markovnikov products from the reaction of activated alkenes and
alkynes with diarylphosphines. We highlight the state of the art in
stereoselective hydrophosphination and the scope and limitations of
chemoselective hydrophosphination with primary phosphines and PH3. We also highlight the progress in the chemistry of the heavier
homologues. In general, we have tried to emphasize what is missing
from our hydrophosphination armament, with the aim of guiding future
research targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Thomas M. Hood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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