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Mullins JC, Yuvaraj K, Sowden MJ, Sherburn MS, Jones C. Reductive Metallation of Dendralenes and Myrcene Using Dimagnesium(I) Compounds: A Facile Route to Unsaturated Organomagnesium Compounds. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303219. [PMID: 37985926 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The two-electron reduction of 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene (DMB) with β-diketiminate and guanidinate substituted dimagnesium(I) compounds has given complexes in which two bidentate amido-magnesium fragments are bridged through the π-system of the DMB dianion, viz. [(LMg)2 (μ-DMB)] (L=Xyl Nacnac, [HC(MeCNXyl)2 ]- , Xyl=2,6-xylyl; or Priso=[(DipN)2 CNPri 2 ]- , Dip=2,6-diisopropylphenyl). Similar double reductions of [4]dendralene (4dend) have afforded the complexes, [(LMg)2 (μ-4dend)] (L=Ar Nacnac, Ar=Xyl or mesityl (Mes); or Priso) in which the 4dend dianion is π-coordinated to the bidentate amido-magnesium fragments. Treatment of several such complexes with THF leads to Z- to E-isomerization of the dendralene fragment, and formation of purely σ-bonded Mg-C interactions in the THF coordinated products [{(Ar Nacnac)(THF)Mg}2 (μ-4dend)] (Ar=Xyl, Mes or Dip). Reaction of myrcene (Myr) with [{(Xyl Nacnac)Mg}2 ] proceeds via reductive coupling of Myr to give a previously unknown acyclic, branched C20 tetra-olefin dianion complex [{(Xyl Nacnac)(THF)Mg}2 (μ-Myr)2 ]. Preliminary reactions of [(LMg)2 (μ-DMB)] with H2 and/or CO yielded a series of products, including novel magnesium hydride compounds, products derived from couplings of CO with the reduced DMB fragment (viz. magnesium dimethylcyclohexadienediolates), and one magnesium cyclopropanetriolate complex from the magnesium(I) induced coupling of DMB with H2 and CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Mullins
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - K Yuvaraj
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Madison J Sowden
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Michael S Sherburn
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
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Li S, Feng Q, Song L, Zhang X, Wu YD, Sun J. Mild Stereoselective Synthesis of Densely Substituted [3]Dendralenes via Ru-Catalyzed Intermolecular Dimerization of 1,1-Disubstituted Allenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1532-1542. [PMID: 38174923 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Described here is a mild and stereoselective protocol for the synthesis of [3]dendralenes via the intermolecular dimerization of allenes. With the proper choice of a ruthenium catalyst, a range of unactivated 1,1-disubstituted allenes, without prefunctionalization in the allylic position, reacted efficiently to provide rapid access to densely substituted [3]dendralenes. An intermolecular C-C bond and three different types of C═C double bonds (di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted) embedded in an acyclic structure were constructed with good to high E/Z stereocontrol. This is in contrast to the known catalytic protocols that focus on allenes with prefunctionalization at the allylic position and/or monosubstituted allenes, which would proceed by a different mechanism or require less stereocontrol. The silyl-substituted dendralene products are precursors of other useful dendralene molecules. Density functional theory (DFT) studies and control experiments supported a mechanism involving oxidative cyclometalation, β-H elimination (the rate-determining step), and reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Li
- Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lijuan Song
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, HKUST, No. 9 Yuexing First Rd, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Zou S, Zhao Z, Huang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Aminoalkylative Cyclization Enables Modular Synthesis of Exocyclic 1,3-Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311603. [PMID: 37815155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient palladium-catalyzed regioselective and stereodivergent ring-closing reaction of aminoenynes with aldehydes and boronic acids or hydrosilane is developed. This three-component reaction allows for the modular synthesis of a series of exocyclic 1,3-dienes bearing 5- to 8-membered saturated N-heterocycles. The reactions utilize a simple Pd-catalyst and work with broad range of aminoenynes, aldehydes and organometallic reagents under mild reaction conditions. The products represent useful intermediates for chemical synthesis due to the versatility of the conjugated diene. Preliminary mechanistic details of the method are also revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, P. R. China
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Fan YM, George J, Wang JYJ, Gardiner MG, Coote ML, Sherburn MS. A Rapid Aza-Bicycle Synthesis from Dendralenes and Imines. Org Lett 2023; 25:7545-7550. [PMID: 37801309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The diene-transmissive 2-fold Diels-Alder sequence between carbon-based dienophiles and [3]dendralenes is becoming an established method for polycarbocycle synthesis. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that imines are competent participants in intermolecular formal [4 + 2] cycloadditions with dendralenes. After a second Diels-Alder process with a carbadienophile, hexahydro- and octahydro-isoquinoline structures are formed. The formal aza-Diels-Alder reaction, which requires Lewis acid promotion, proceeds in high regio- and stereoselectivity under optimized conditions. ωB97XD/Def2-TZVP//M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) calculations reveal a stepwise ionic mechanism for the formal aza-dienophile cycloadditions and also explain an unexpected Z → E olefin isomerization of a non-reacting C═C bond in the first formal cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Fan
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Josemon George
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Jiao Yu J Wang
- Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Michelle L Coote
- Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Michael S Sherburn
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Li C, Zhou Z, Ma S. A Pd-catalyzed highly selective three-component protocol for trisubstituted allenes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7709-7715. [PMID: 37476716 PMCID: PMC10355113 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01849k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the first example of a Pd-catalyzed highly selective three-component reaction of alkynyl-1,4-diol dicarbonates, organoboronic acids, and malonate anions for the efficient synthesis of trisubstituted 2,3-allenyl malonates not readily available by the known protocols. The reaction demonstrates an excellent regio- and chemo-selectivity for both the oxidative addition referring to the two C-O bonds and the subsequent coupling with the nucleophile with a remarkable functional group compatibility. A series of control experiments confirm a unique mechanism involving β-O elimination forming alka-1,2,3-triene and the subsequent insertion of its terminal C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond into the Ar-Pd bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Zhengnan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shengming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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