1
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Bao SJ, Zou Y, Zhang HN, Jin GX. The codriven assembly of molecular metalla-links ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and metalla-knots ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) via coordination and noncovalent interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2407570121. [PMID: 38941275 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2407570121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Although mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) display unique properties and functions associated with their intricate connectivity, limited assembly strategies are available for their synthesis. Herein, we presented a synergistic assembly strategy based on coordination and noncovalent interactions (π-π stacking and CH⋯π interactions) to selectively synthesize molecular closed three-link chains ([Formula: see text] links), highly entangled figure-eight knots ([Formula: see text] knots), trefoil knot ([Formula: see text] knot), and Borromean ring ([Formula: see text] link). [Formula: see text] links can be created by the strategic assembly of nonlinear multicurved ligands incorporating a furan or phenyl group with the long binuclear half-sandwich organometallic Cp*RhIII (Cp* = η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) clip. However, utilizing much shorter binuclear Cp*RhIII units for union with the 2,6-naphthyl-containing ligand led to a [Formula: see text] knot because of the increased π-π stacking interactions between four consecutive stacked layers and CH⋯π interactions. Weakening such π-π stacking interactions resulted in a [Formula: see text] knot. The universality of this synergistic assembly strategy for building [Formula: see text] knots was verified by utilizing a 1,5-naphthyl-containing ligand. Quantitative conversion between the [Formula: see text] knot and the simple macrocycle species was accomplished by adjusting the concentrations monitored by NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Furthermore, increasing the stiff π-conjugated area of the binuclear unit afforded molecular Borromean ring, and this topology is a topological isomer of the [Formula: see text] link. These artificial metalla-links and metalla-knots were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR and ESI-MS. The results offer a potent strategy for building higher-order MIMs and emphasize the critical role that noncovalent interactions play in creating sophisticated topologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jin Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ning Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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2
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Li K, Li Z, Yuan J, Chen M, Zhao H, Jiang Z, Wang J, Jiang Z, Li Y, Chan YT, Wang P, Liu D. High-order layered self-assembled multicavity metal--organic capsules and anti-cooperative host-multi-guest chemistry. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8913-8921. [PMID: 38873050 PMCID: PMC11168090 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The construction and application of metal-organic cages with accessible internal cavities have witnessed rapid development, however, the precise synthesis of complex metal-organic capsules with multiple cavities and achievement of multi-guest encapsulation, and further in-depth comprehension of host-multi-guest recognition remain a great challenge. Just like building LEGO blocks, herein, we have constructed a series of high-order layered metal-organic architectures of generation n (n = 1/2/3/4 is also the number of cavities) by multi-component coordination-driven self-assembly using porphyrin-containing tetrapodal ligands (like plates), multiple parallel-podal ligands (like clamps) and metal ions (like nodes). Importantly, these high-order assembled structures possessed different numbers of rigid and separate cavities formed by overlapped porphyrin planes with specific gaps. The host-guest experiments and convincing characterization proved that these capsules G2-G4 could serve as host structures to achieve multi-guest recognition and unprecedentedly encapsulate up to four C60 molecules. More interestingly, these capsules revealed negative cooperation behavior in the process of multi-guest recognition, which provides a new platform to further study complicated host-multi-guest interaction in the field of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiu Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Zhengguang Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Jie Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - Die Liu
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
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3
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Zhang HN, Huang X, Jin GX. Efficient and Selective Construction of 4 1 2 Metalla-links Using Weak C-H⋅⋅⋅Halogen Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405399. [PMID: 38570193 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Through a coordination-driven self-assembly method, four4 1 2 ${4_1^2 }$ metalla-links and one tetranuclear monocycle were constructed with high selectivity and yield by adjusting the substituent species of the building blocks, as evidenced using X-ray crystallographic analysis, electrospray ionization-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF/MS), elemental analysis and detailed solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Based on X-ray crystallographic analysis and independent gradient model analysis, a significant factor leading to the formation of4 1 2 ${4_1^2 }$ metalla-links was the introduction of F, Cl, Br and I atoms, which generated additional weak C-H⋅⋅⋅X (X=F, Cl, Br and I) interactions. Furthermore, the dynamic conversion of4 1 2 ${4_1^2 }$ metalla-links to monocyclic rings in methanol solution was systematically investigated using quantitative 1H NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ning Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xi Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
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4
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Shan WL, Hou HH, Si N, Wang CX, Yuan G, Gao X, Jin GX. Selective Construction and Structural Transformation of Homogeneous Linear Metalla[4]catenane and Metalla[2]catenane Assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402198. [PMID: 38319045 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Although the synthesis of mechanically interlocked molecules has been extensively researched, selectively constructing homogeneous linear [4]catenanes remains a formidable challenge. Here, we selectively constructed a homogeneous linear metalla[4]catenane in a one-step process through the coordination-driven self-assembly of a bidentate benzothiadiazole derivative ligand and a binuclear half-sandwich rhodium precursor. The formation of metalla[4]catenanes was facilitated by cooperative interactions between strong sandwich-type π-π stacking and non-classical hydrogen bonds between the components. Moreover, by modulating the aromatic substituents on the binuclear precursor, two homogeneous metalla[2]catenanes were obtained. The molecular structures of these metallacatenanes were unambiguously characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, reversible structural transformation between metal-catenanes and the corresponding metallarectangles could be achieved by altering their concentration, as confirmed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Huan-Huan Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
| | - Nian Si
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Xia Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
| | - Guozan Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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5
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Sarwa A, Białońska A, Sobieraj M, Martínez JP, Trzaskowski B, Szyszko B. Iminopyrrole-Based Self-Assembly: A Route to Intrinsically Flexible Molecular Links and Knots. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316489. [PMID: 38032333 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of 2,5-diformylpyrrole in self-assembly reactions with diamines and Zn(II)/Cd(II) salts allowed the preparation of [2]catenane, trefoil knot, and Borromean rings. The intrinsically dynamic nature of the diiminopyrrole motif rendered all of the formed assemblies intramolecularly flexible. The presence of diiminopyrrole revealed new coordination motifs and influenced the host-guest chemistry of the systems, as illustrated by hexafluorophosphate encapsulation by Borromean rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sarwa
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-387, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-387, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Sobieraj
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-387, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Juan Pablo Martínez
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 2c Banach St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 2c Banach St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Szyszko
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-387, Wrocław, Poland
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6
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Zhang HN, Jin GX. Controllable Topological Transformations of 8 18 Molecular Metalla-knots by Oxidation of Thiazole-Based Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313605. [PMID: 37783666 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
By exploiting coordination-driven self-assembly, high yields of two 818 molecular metalla-knots could be obtained using a thiazole-moiety-containing asymmetric dipyridyl ligand 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-5-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)benzo[d]thiazole (L1 ), as confirmed using X-ray crystallographic analysis, electrospray ionization-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF/MS), and detailed liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. To modulate the self-assembled structures, m-chloroperbenzoic acid (m-CPBA) was utilized to oxidize thiazole-based ligand L1 to N-thiazole-oxide-based ligand 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-5-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)benzo[d]thiazole 3-oxide (L2 ), which enabled the selective construction of the corresponding tetranuclear macrocycles. Notably, two molecular metalla-knots could be topologically transformed from 818 knots to simple monocycles because the L1 alkyne bond was inert toward m-CPBA, as confirmed by liquid-state NMR spectroscopy, ESI-TOF/MS, and elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ning Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
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7
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Do CD, Pál D, Belyaev A, Pupier M, Kiesilä A, Kalenius E, Galmés B, Frontera A, Poblador-Bahamonde A, Cougnon FBL. Sulfate-induced large amplitude conformational change in a Solomon link. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13010-13013. [PMID: 37830390 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04555b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
A doubly-interlocked [2]catenane - or Solomon link - undergoes a complex conformational change upon addition of sulfate in methanol. This transformation generates a single pocket where two SO42- anions bind through multiple hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Despite the close proximity of the two anions, binding is highly cooperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Dat Do
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Dávid Pál
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Andrey Belyaev
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
| | - Marion Pupier
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Anniina Kiesilä
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
| | - Elina Kalenius
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
| | - Bartomeu Galmés
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Amalia Poblador-Bahamonde
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Fabien B L Cougnon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
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8
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Duan XF, Zhou LP, Li HR, Hu SJ, Zheng W, Xu X, Zhang R, Chen X, Guo XQ, Sun QF. Excited-Multimer Mediated Supramolecular Upconversion on Multicomponent Lanthanide-Organic Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23121-23130. [PMID: 37844009 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion (UC) is a fascinating anti-Stokes-like optical process with promising applications in diverse fields. However, known UC mechanisms are mainly based on direct energy transfer between metal ions, which constrains the designability and tunability of the structures and properties. Here, we synthesize two types of Ln8L12-type (Ln for lanthanide ion; L for organic ligand L1 or L2R/S) lanthanide-organic complexes with assembly induced excited-multimer states. The Yb8(L2R/S)12 assembly exhibits upconverted multimer green fluorescence under 980 nm excitation through a cooperative sensitization process. Furthermore, upconverted red emission from Eu3+ on the heterometallic (Yb/Eu)8L12 assemblies is also realized via excited-multimer mediated energy relay. Our findings demonstrate a new strategy for designing UC materials, which is crucial for exploiting photofunctions of multicomponent lanthanide-organic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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9
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Lu X, Huang JJ, Chen T, Zheng J, Liu M, Wang XY, Li YX, Niu X, Dang LL. A Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly and NIR Photothermal Conversion Study of Organometallic Handcuffs. Molecules 2023; 28:6826. [PMID: 37836669 PMCID: PMC10574444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their fascinating topological structures and application prospects, coordination supramolecular complexes have continuously been studied by scientists. However, the controlled construction and property study of organometallic handcuffs remains a significant and challenging research subject in the area of supramolecular chemistry. Hence, a series of tetranuclear organometallic and heterometallic handcuffs bearing different size and metal types were rationally designed and successfully synthesized by utilizing a quadridentate pyridyl ligand (tetra-(3-pyridylphenyl)ethylene) based on three Cp*Rh (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) fragments bearing specific longitudinal dimensions and conjugated planes. These results were determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis technology, ESI-MS NMR spectroscopy, etc. Importantly, the photoquenching effect of Cp* groups and the discrepancy of intermolecular π-π stacking interactions between building block and half-sandwich fragments promote markedly different photothermal conversion results. These results will further push the synthesis of topological structures and the development of photothermal conversion materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Jing-Jing Huang
- Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Tian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Ming Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Yu-Xin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Xinkai Niu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
- College of Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Li-Long Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
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10
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Chen T, Zhao Y, Dang LL, Zhang TT, Lu XL, Chai YH, Lu MY, Aznarez F, Ma LF. Self-Assembly and Photothermal Conversion of MetallaRussian Doll and Metalla[2]catenanes Induced via Multiple Stacking Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18036-18047. [PMID: 37459092 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
A variety of organometallic supramolecular architectures have been constructed over the past decades and their properties were also explored via different strategies. However, the synthesis of metalla-Russian doll is still a fascinating challenge. Herein, a series of new coordination supramolecular complexes, including a metalla-Russian doll, metalla[2]catenanes, and metallarectangles, were synthesized by using meticulously selected Cp*Rh (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) building units (E1, E2, and E3) and three rigid anthracylpyridine ligands (L1, L2, and L3) via a self-assembly strategy. While the combination of the short ligand L1 and E1 or E2 generated two metallarectangles, the longer ligand L2 containing an alkynyl group resulted in two new [2]catenanes, most likely due to which the strong electron-donating effect of alkynyl groups causes self-accumulation. Interestingly, an unusual Russian doll assembly was obtained through the reaction of L3 and E3 based on sextuple π···π stacking interactions. Furthermore, the dynamic structural conversion between [2]catenanes and the corresponding metallarectangles could be observed through concentration-, solvent-, and guest-induced effects. The [2]catenane complexes 4b displayed efficient photothermal conversion efficiency in solution (20.2%), in comparison with other organometallic macrocycles. We believe that π···π stacking interactions generate active nonradiative pathways and promote radiative photodeactivation pathways. This study proves the versatility of half-sandwich building units, not only to build complicated supramolecular topologies but also in effective functional materials for various appealing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Li-Long Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Hang Chai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yu Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Francisco Aznarez
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Fang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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