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Ren M, Yu S, Li X, Yuan W, Lu J, Xiong Y, Liu H, Wang J, Wei J. Synthesis of gem-Difluorohomoallyl Amines via a Transition-Metal-Free Defluorinative Alkylation of Benzyl Amines with Trifluoromethyl Alkenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8342-8356. [PMID: 38819657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
A mild and transition-metal-free defluorinative alkylation of benzyl amines with trifluoromethyl alkenes is reported. The features of this protocol are easy-to-obtain starting materials, a wide range of substrates, and functional group tolerance as well as high atom economy, thus offering a strategy to access a variety of gem-difluorohomoallyl amines, which are extensively distributed in pharmaceuticals and bioactive agents, with excellent chemoselectivity. The primary products can be further transformed to a diversity of 2-fluorinated pyrroline compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Ren
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shengjiao Yu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Wenlong Yuan
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Ji Lu
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 265500, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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Wang G, Yuan JL, Zhou R, Zou HB. Iron(II) Phthalocyanine-Catalyzed Homodimerization and Tandem Diamination of Diazo Compounds with Primary Amines: Access to Construct Substituted 2,3-Diaminosuccinonitriles in One-Pot. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38783702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
We herein first report the homodimerization and tandem diamination of diazo compounds with primary amines catalyzed by the iron(II) phthalocyanine (PcFe(II)), which can construct one C-C bond and two C-N bonds within 20 min in one-pot. Compared to the traditional metal-catalyzed N-H insertion reaction between amines with diazo reagents, the developed reaction almost does not generate the N-H insertion product, but the homodimerization/tandem diamination product. The proposed mechanism studies indicate that primary amines play a crucial role in the homocoupling of diazo compounds via dimerization of iron(III)-acetonitrile radical generated from the reaction between diazoacetonitrile with PcFe(II) coordinated by bis(amines); the β-hydride elimination is involved, and then, the attack of primary amines toward the carbon atoms on the formed C-C bond is followed. Moreover, this novel reaction can be used to effectively prepare substituted 2,3-diaminosuccinonitriles with high yields and even up to >99:1 d.r., encouragingly these products contain both 1,2-diamines and succinonitrile motifs, which are two classes of important organic compounds with significant applications in many yields. This reaction is also suitable for the gram-scale preparation of 2,3-bis(phenylamino)succinonitrile (2a) with a yield of 84%. Therefore, the developed reaction represents a new type of transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Bioengineering, Yichun Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
| | - Jia-Li Yuan
- Department of Chemistry & Bioengineering, Yichun Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry & Bioengineering, Yichun Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
| | - Huai-Bo Zou
- Department of Chemistry & Bioengineering, Yichun Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
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Deng G, Chen Z, Bai Y, Zhang L, Xia D, Duan S, Chen W, Zhang H, Walsh PJ, Yang X. Sulfonamides as N-Centered Radical Precursors for C-N Coupling Reactions To Generate Amidines. Org Lett 2024; 26:3855-3860. [PMID: 38687847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen-centered radicals (NCRs) are valuable intermediates for the construction of C-N bonds. Traditional methods for the generation of NCRs employ toxic radical initiators, transition metal catalysts, photocatalysts, or organometallic reagents. Herein, we report a novel strategy for the generation of NCRs toward the construction of C-N bonds under transition-metal-free conditions. Thus, super-electron-donor (SED) 2-azaallyl anions undergo single-electron transfer (SET) with sulfonamides, forming aminyl radicals (R2N•, R = alkyl) and culminating in the generation of amidines bearing various functional groups (33 examples, up to 96% yield). Broad substrate scope and gram-scale telescoped preparation demonstrate the practicality of this method. Radical clock and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments support the proposed radical coupling pathway between the generated N-centered radical and the C-centered 2-azaallyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lening Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Dazhen Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengzu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
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Jiang Y, Liu D, Zhang L, Qin C, Li H, Yang H, Walsh PJ, Yang X. Efficient construction of functionalized pyrroloindolines through cascade radical cyclization/intermolecular coupling. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2205-2210. [PMID: 38332810 PMCID: PMC10848758 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyrroloindolines are important structural units in nature and the pharmaceutical industry, however, most approaches to such structures involve transition-metal or photoredox catalysts. Herein, we describe the first tandem SET/radical cyclization/intermolecular coupling between 2-azaallyl anions and indole acetamides. This method enables the transition-metal-free synthesis of C3a-substituted pyrroloindolines under mild and convenient conditions. The synthetic utility of this transformation is demonstrated by the construction of an array of C3a-methylamine pyrroloindolines with good functional group tolerance and yields. Gram-scale sequential one-pot synthesis and hydrolysis reactions demonstrate the potential synthetic utility and scalability of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Dongxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Lening Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Cuirong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
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