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Li L, Zhou Y, Xi Z, Guo Z, Duan JC, Yu ZX, Gao H. Desulfurdioxidative N-N Coupling of N-Arylhydroxylamines and N-Sulfinylanilines: Reaction Development and Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406478. [PMID: 38637953 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
A highly efficient and chemoselective approach for the divergent assembling of unsymmetrical hydrazines through an unprecedented intermolecular desulfurdioxidative N-N coupling is developed. This metal free protocol employs readily accessible N-arylhydroxylamines and N-sulfinylanilines to provide highly valuable hydrazine products with good reaction yields and excellent functional group tolerance under simple conditions. Computational studies suggest that the in situ generated O-sulfenylated arylhydroxylamine intermediate undergoes a retro-[2π+2σ] cycloaddition via a stepwise diradical mechanism to form the N-N bond and release SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji'nan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenguo Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji'nan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoquan Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji'nan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Duan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongyin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji'nan, 250100, Shandong, China
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2
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Li W, Cheng Z, Zhao Z, Li H, Liu Y, Lu X, Zhao G, Du YL. Discovery of a Bacterial Hydrazine Transferase That Constructs the N-Aminolactam Pharmacophore in Albofungin Biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13399-13405. [PMID: 38698691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Structural motifs containing nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bonds are prevalent in a large number of clinical drugs and bioactive natural products. Hydrazine (N2H4) serves as a widely utilized building block for the preparation of these N-N-containing molecules in organic synthesis. Despite its common use in chemical processes, no enzyme has been identified to catalyze the incorporation of free hydrazine in natural product biosynthesis. Here, we report that a hydrazine transferase catalyzes the condensation of N2H4 and an aromatic polyketide pathway intermediate, leading to the formation of a rare N-aminolactam pharmacophore in the biosynthesis of broad-spectrum antibiotic albofungin. These results expand the current knowledge on the biosynthetic mechanism for natural products with N-N units and should facilitate future development of biocatalysts for the production of N-N-containing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ziyang Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijie Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Guiyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Ling Du
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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3
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Fang W, Luo ZW, Wang YC, Zhou W, Li L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Dai M, Dai JJ. S N2 Reaction at the Amide Nitrogen Center Enables Hydrazide Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317570. [PMID: 38366960 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitutions are fundamentally important transformations in synthetic organic chemistry. Despite the substantial advances in bimolecular nucleophilic substitutions (SN2) at saturated carbon centers, analogous SN2 reaction at the amide nitrogen atom remains extremely limited. Here we report an SN2 substitution method at the amide nitrogen atom with amine nucleophiles for nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bond formation that leads to a novel strategy toward biologically and medicinally important hydrazide derivatives. We found the use of sulfonate-leaving groups at the amide nitrogen atom played a pivotal role in the reaction. This new N-N coupling reaction allows the use of O-tosyl hydroxamates as electrophiles and readily available amines, including acyclic aliphatic amines and saturated N-heterocycles as nucleophiles. The reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope (>80 examples), excellent functional group tolerability, and scalability. The method is applicable to late-stage modification of various approved drug molecules, thus enabling complex hydrazide scaffold synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ye-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yimin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiangke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jian-Jun Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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4
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Kathiravan S, Dhillon P, Zhang T, Nicholls IA. Metal free cross-dehydrogenative N-N coupling of primary amides with Lewis basic amines. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2643. [PMID: 38531886 PMCID: PMC10966042 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrazides, N-N containing structural motifs, are important due to their presence in a wide variety of biologically significant compounds. While the homo N-N coupling of two NH moieties to form the hydrazide N-N bond is well developed, the cross-dehydrogenative hetero N-N coupling remains very unevolved. Here we present an efficient intermolecular N-N cross-coupling of a series of primary benzamides with broad range of Lewis basic primary and secondary amines using PhI(OAc)2 as both a terminal oxidant and a cross-coupling mediator, without the need for metal catalysts, high temperatures, and inert atmospheres, and with substantial potential for use in the late-stage functionalization of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subban Kathiravan
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SE-39182, Sweden.
- Attana AB, Greta Arwidssons väg 21, 11419, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Prakriti Dhillon
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SE-39182, Sweden
| | - Tianshu Zhang
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SE-39182, Sweden
| | - Ian A Nicholls
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SE-39182, Sweden.
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Li Q, Chen J, Luo Y, Xia Y. Photoredox-Catalyzed Hydroacylation of Azobenzenes with Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2024; 26:1517-1521. [PMID: 38346172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Acyl hydrazides are widely found in bioactive compounds and have important applications as versatile synthetic intermediates. In the current report, a photoredox-catalyzed hydroacylation of azobenzenes was disclosed with carboxylic acids as the acylation reagent, affording a variety of N,N'-disubstituted hydrazides. The process possesses the advantages of mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, and high efficiency. Preliminary mechanistic investigation indicated that the addition of an acyl radical to the azo compound should be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanshu Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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6
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Zhu SY, He WJ, Shen GC, Bai ZQ, Song FF, He G, Wang H, Chen G. Ligand-Promoted Iron-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer for the Synthesis of Hydrazines and Triazanes through N-Amidation of Arylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202312465. [PMID: 37997539 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report that bulky alkylphosphines such as PtBu3 can switch the roles from actor to spectator ligands to promote the FeCl2 -catalyzed N-amidation reaction of arylamines with dioxazolones, giving hydrazides in high efficiency and chemoselectivity. Mechanistic studies indicated that the phosphine ligands could facilitate the decarboxylation of dioxazolones on the Fe center, and the hydrogen bonding interactions between the arylamines and the ligands on Fe nitrenoid intermediates might play a role in modulating the delicate interplay between the phosphine ligand, arylamine, and acyl nitrene N, favoring N-N coupling over N-P coupling. The new ligand-promoted N-amidation protocols offer a convenient way to access various challenging triazane compounds via double or sequential N-amidation of primary arylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wen-Ji He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guan-Chi Shen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zi-Qian Bai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fang-Fang Song
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Gang He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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7
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Jiang YS, Li SS, Luo XL, Chen LN, Chen DN, Xia PJ. Photoinduced Difunctionalization of Diazenes Enabled by N-N Radical Coupling. Org Lett 2023; 25:6671-6676. [PMID: 37642680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a metal-free difunctionalization strategy for diazenes was developed using a range of bifunctionalization reagents. This strategy involves a unique N(sp3)-N(sp2) radical coupling between the hydrazine radical and the imine radical. More than 30 triazane core motifs were constructed by installing imines and various functional groups, including alkyl, phenyl, cyanoalkyl, and sulfonyl groups, on both ends of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond of diazenes in an efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shi Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ling Luo
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ning Chen
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Na Chen
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Ju Xia
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, People's Republic of China
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