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Luo G, Gao Z, Zhou C, Huang Y, Hu S, Hu Y, Zong C, Lei L, Li H. Well-Tailored Norbornene-Based Fluorinated Copolymers toward Modulating Icephobicity and Mechanical Robustness. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11785-11794. [PMID: 38781461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Well-tailored construction of icephobic surfaces with mechanical robustness and investigation of the structure-property relationships at the molecular level are highly desirable. Herein, a series of norbornene-based fluorinated polyolefin copolymers (FPOR-x) with varying norbornenyl dodecafluoroheptyl ester (NDFHE) molar fractions (0-100 mol %) were well-designed and fabricated via living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) employing NDFHE and norbornenyl pentafluorophenyl ester (NPFPE) as the soft and hard segments, respectively. The mechanical and icephobic properties of the fluorinated copolymers can be regulated by adjusting the soft NDFHE contents. As a result, the well-designed norbornene-based copolymers exhibited a wide range of tunable mechanical properties, including tensile strength ranging from 0.2 to 26.4 MPa, elastic modulus ranging from 0.6 to 593.7 MPa, and breaking elongations ranging from 5718.7% to 3.7%, correlating with the proportion of soft NDFHE content. Furthermore, the synergistic interplay between soft and hard segments, particularly the hardness in the majority and softness in the minority or vice versa, could achieve a significant difference in the local modulus and enhance the propagations of cracks within the three-phase regions (soft regions/hard regions/ice), ultimately leading to a significant reduction in ice shear strength. Notably, FPOR-25% with a tensile strength of 12.0 MPa and an elastic modulus of 227.5 MPa exhibited a remarkably low ice shear strength of 57.7 kPa. This study not only highlights the relationship between the polymer molecular structure and surface icephobic properties but also breaks the limitations of icephobic surfaces with a low modulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzeng Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zhilu Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Cuiping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yintan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shuangshuang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Chuanyong Zong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Lan Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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Russell JB, Konar D, Keller TM, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Telser J, Lester DW, Veige AS, Sumerlin BS, Mindiola DJ. Metallacyclobuta-(2,3)-diene: A Bidentate Ligand for Stream-line Synthesis of First Row Transition Metal Catalysts for Cyclic Polymerization of Phenylacetylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318956. [PMID: 38109203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Described here is a direct entry to two examples of 3d transition metal catalysts that are active for the cyclic polymerization of phenylacetylene, namely, [(BDI)M{κ2 -C,C-(Me3 SiC3 SiMe3 )}] (2-M) (BDI=[ArNC(CH3 )]2 CH- , Ar=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 ; M=Ti, V). Catalysts are prepared in one step by the treatment of [(BDI)MCl2 ] (1-M, M=Ti, V) with 1,3-dilithioallene [Li2 (Me3 SiC3 SiMe3 )]. Complexes 2-M have been spectroscopically and structurally characterized and the polymers that are catalytically formed from phenylacetylene were verified to have a cyclic topology based on a combination of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and intrinsic viscosity studies. Two-electron oxidation of 2-V with nitrous oxide (N2 O) cleanly yields a [VV ] alkylidene-alkynyl oxo complex [(BDI)V(=O){κ1 -C-(=C(SiMe3 )CC(SiMe3 ))}] (3), which lends support for how this scaffold in 2-M might be operating in the polymerization of the terminal alkyne. This work demonstrates how alkylidynes can be circumvented using 1,3-dianionic allene as a segue into M-C multiple bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Russell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Debabrata Konar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA) E-mail: s
| | - Taylor M Keller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael R Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Daniel W Lester
- Polymer Characterization Research Technology Platform, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Adam S Veige
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA) E-mail: s
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA) E-mail: s
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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