1
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Construction of photoswitchable urea-based multiple H-bonding motifs. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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2
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Niu X, Tajima K, Kong J, Tao M, Fukui N, Kuang Z, Shinokubo H, Xia A. Symmetry-breaking charge separation in a nitrogen-bridged naphthalene monoimide dimer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14007-14015. [PMID: 35635531 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00295g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of 4-aminonaphthalene-1,8-imide-based derivatives, bis-ANI, consisting of two naphthalimide (NI) units linked by a butylamine bridge and its monomer ANI have been intensively investigated by steady-state and transient spectroscopy combined with quantum chemical calculations. The excited state relaxation dynamics of the two molecules are studied in three solvents of varying polarity - from hexane to tetrahydrofuran to acetone. A strong reduction in the fluorescence quantum yields and larger red shifts of the emission spectra are observed when going from the monomer ANI to dimer bis-ANI with increasing solvent polarity. It is found that the presence of the central amino linker in bis-ANI facilitates the formation of an asymmetric CS state between the ANI and NI moieties in bis-ANI, where NI˙- is the dominant radical anion unit after CS, evidenced by the femtosecond transient absorption measurements and spectroelectrochemistry in polar solvents. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra and quantum chemical calculations reveal the conformational change after the formation of the symmetry-breaking charge separation (SBCS) state upon photoexcitation, while a near-orthogonal structure in the excited state of bis-ANI retards charge recombination. In addition, it is evidenced that the rate of SBCS can be tuned by changing the different polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonic and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100176, P. R. China. .,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Jie Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Min Tao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Zhuoran Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonic and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100176, P. R. China.
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Andong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonic and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100176, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Milovanović B, Petković M, Etinski M. Alkaline earth cations binding mode tailors excited-state charge transfer properties of guanine quadruplex: A TDDFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120584. [PMID: 34794899 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quadruplexes formed by nucleic acids and their derivates tend to chelate different monovalent and bivalent cations, which simultaneously affect their excited electronic states properties. Cation binding to every and every other cavity of the central ion channel could be exploited for tuning exited-state charge transfer properties. In this work we utilize set of descriptors constructed on the basis of the one-electron transition density matrix obtained using linear-response TDDFT to study excited states properties of four crystallized tetramolecular quadruplexes that chelate alkaline earth cations (Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+). Here, we show that alkaline earth cations situated at adjacent vacancies promote existence of the nucleobase-metal charge separation (CS) states, contrary to the structures with cations that occupy every second available vacancy. We argued that stabilization of these CS states is due to the strong electric field that stabilizes d orbitals of the cations which accept an excited-electron. Moreover, CS content is increased and redshifted below the first bright transition when number of the chelated cations is increased. Hydration effects stabilized CS states and increased their relative content. We also identified electron detachment states in the broad energy range for the Ca2+ containing system. These findings are valuable for understanding and development of the novel nanostructures based on the quadruplex scaffold with adjustable optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Milovanović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Petković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Etinski
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia.
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4
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Gayen K, Paul S, Hazra S, Banerjee A. Solvent-Directed Transformation of the Self-assembly and Optical Property of a Peptide-Appended Core-Substituted Naphthelenediimide and Selective Detection of Nitrite Ions in an Aqueous Medium. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9577-9587. [PMID: 34319747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study vividly displays the different self-assembling behavior and consequent tuning of the fluorescence property of a peptide-appended core-substituted naphthalenediimide (N1) in the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents (n-hexane/n-decane/methyl cyclohexane) and in an aqueous medium within micelles. The N1 is highly fluorescent in the monomeric state and self-aggregates in a hydrocarbon solvent, exhibiting "H-type" or "face-to-face" stacking as indicated by a blue shift of absorption maxima in the UV-vis spectrum. In the H-aggregated state, the fluorescence emission of N1 changes to green from the yellow emission obtained in the monomeric state. In the presence of a micelle-forming surfactant, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), the N1 is found to be dispersed in a water medium. Interestingly, upon encapsulation of N1 into the micelle, the molecule alters its self-assembling pattern and optical property compared to its behavior in the hydrocarbon solvent. The N1 exhibits "edge-to-edge" stacking or J aggregates inside the micelle as indicated by the UV-vis spectroscopic study, which shows a red shift of the absorption maxima compared to that in the monomeric state. The fluorescence emission also differs in the water medium with the NDI derivative exhibiting red emission. FT-IR studies reveal that all amide NHs of N1 are hydrogen-bonded within the micelle (in the J-aggregated state), whereas both non-bonding and hydrogen-bonding amide NHs are present in the H-aggregated state. This is a wonderful example of solvent-mediated transformation of the aggregation pattern (from H to J) and solvatochromism of emission over a wide range from green in the H-aggregated state to yellow in the monomeric state and orangish-red in the J-aggregated state. Moreover, the J aggregate has been successfully utilized for selective and sensitive detection of nitrite ions in water even in the presence of other common anions (NO3-, SO42-, HSO4-, CO32-, and Cl-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousik Gayen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subir Paul
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Soumyajit Hazra
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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5
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Milovanović B, Etinski M, Popov I. Self-assembly of rylene-decorated guanine ribbons on graphene surface for optoelectronic applications: a theoretical study. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:435405. [PMID: 34284367 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac162c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We are witnessing a change of paradigm from the conventional top-down to the bottom-up fabrication of nanodevices and particularly optoelectronic devices. A promising example of the bottom-up approach is self-assembling of molecules into layers with predictable and reproducible structural, electronic and optical properties. Nucleobases possess extraordinary ability to self-assembly into one-, two-, and three-dimensional structures. Optical properties of nucleotides are not suitable for wider application to optoelectronics and photovoltaics due to their large optical band gap, which is in contrast to rylene-based dyes that have been intensively investigated in organic optoelectronics. However, these lack the self-assembly capability of nucleobases. Combinations of covalently decorated guanine molecules with rylene type chromophores present 'the best of the both worlds'. Due to the large size of such compounds and its flexible nature their self-assemblies have not been fully understood yet. Here, we use a theoretical approach to study the structural, energetic and optical properties of rylene-based dye decorated guanine (GPDI), as self-assembled on a graphene sheet. Particularly we utilize the density-functional based tight-binding method to study atomic structure of these systems including the potential energy surface of GPDI and stability and organization of single- and multilayered GPDIs on graphene sheet. Using density-functional theory (DFT) we employ the energy decomposition analysis to gain a deeper insight into the contributions of different moieties to stability of GPDI films. Using time dependent DFT we analyze optical properties of these systems. We find that atomically thin films consisting of only a few molecular layers with large surface areas are more favorable than isolated thick islands. Our study of excited states indicates existence of charge separated states similar to ones found in the well-studied hydrogen bonded organic frameworks. The self-assembly characterized with a large homogeneous coverage and long-living charge-separated states provide the great potential for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Milovanović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Etinski
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Popov
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institut of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, Serbia
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6
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Gayen K, Hazra S, Pal AK, Paul S, Datta A, Banerjee A. Tuning of the optoelectronic properties of peptide-appended core-substituted naphthalenediimides: the role of self-assembly of two positional isomers. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7168-7176. [PMID: 34263281 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00752a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates how the self-assembly pattern of two different and isomeric peptide-appended core-substituted naphthalenediimides (NDIs) affects the modulation of their optoelectronic properties. Two isomeric peptide-attached NDIs were synthesized, purified and characterized. Interchanging the position of attachment of the peptide units and the alkyl chains in the NDI has altered the respective self-assembling patterns of these isomeric molecules in the aggregated states. The isomer having a peptide moiety in the core position and the alkyl chain in the imide position (compound N1) forms face to face stacking or 'H' aggregates in aliphatic solvents including n-hexane, and n-decane, whereas compound N2, in which the peptide moiety is at the imide position and the alkyl chain is attached at the core position of NDI exhibits edge to edge stacking or J aggregates under the same conditions as it is evident from their UV-vis studies. The H aggregated species (obtained from N1) show inter-connected nanofibers, whereas the J aggregated species (obtained from N2) exhibit the morphology of helical nanoribbons. FT-IR and X-ray diffraction studies are in favor of the same aggregation behavior. The individual packing patterns of these two peptide-based isomers have a direct impact on their respective electrical conductivity. Interestingly, the H aggregated species shows 100 times greater current conductivity than that of the J aggregate. Moreover, it is only the H aggregated species that exhibits a photocurrent, and no such photocurrent response is observed with the J aggregates. Computational studies also support that different types of aggregation patterns are formed by these two isomeric molecules in the same solvent system. This unique example of tuning of optoelectronic behavior holds future promise for the development of new peptide-conjugated π-functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousik Gayen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Soumyajit Hazra
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Arun K Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Subir Paul
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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7
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Casellas NM, Albertazzi L, Pujals S, Torres T, García-Iglesias M. Unveiling Polymerization Mechanism in pH-regulated Supramolecular Fibers in Aqueous Media. Chemistry 2021; 27:11056-11060. [PMID: 34096656 PMCID: PMC8456867 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An amine functionalized C3‐symmetric benzotrithiophene (BTT) monomer has been designed and synthetized in order to form pH responsive one‐dimensional supramolecular polymers in aqueous media. While most of the reported studies looked at the effect of pH on the size of the aggregates, herein, a detailed mechanistic study is reported, carried out upon modifying the pH to trigger the formation of positively charged ammonium groups. A dramatic and reversible change in the polymerization mechanism and size of the supramolecular fibers is observed and ascribed to the combination of Coulombic repulsive forces and higher monomer solubility. Furthermore, the induced frustrated growth of the fibers is further employed to finely control the one‐dimensional supramolecular polymerisation and copolymerization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás M Casellas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Nanociencia, c/ Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine group Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Carrer Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08024, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and ICMS, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sílvia Pujals
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine group Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Carrer Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08024, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Physics, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Nanociencia, c/ Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Iglesias
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Nanociencia, c/ Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Spain.,QUIPRE Department, University of Cantabria, Avd. de Los Castros, 46, 39005, Santander, Spain
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8
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Madhu M, Ramakrishnan R, Vijay V, Hariharan M. Free Charge Carriers in Homo-Sorted π-Stacks of Donor-Acceptor Conjugates. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8234-8284. [PMID: 34133137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the high photoconversion efficiency observed in natural light-harvesting systems, the hierarchical organization of molecular building blocks has gained impetus in the past few decades. Particularly, the molecular arrangement and packing in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSCs) have garnered significant attention due to the decisive role of the nature of donor/acceptor (D/A) heterojunctions in charge carrier generation and ultimately the power conversion efficiency. This review focuses on the recent developments in emergent optoelectronic properties exhibited by self-sorted donor-on-donor/acceptor-on-acceptor arrangement of covalently linked D-A systems, highlighting the ultrafast excited state dynamics of charge transfer and transport. Segregated organization of donors and acceptors promotes the delocalization of photoinduced charges among the stacks, engendering an enhanced charge separation lifetime and percolation pathways with ambipolar conductivity and charge carrier yield. Covalently linking donors and acceptors ensure a sufficient D-A interface and interchromophoric electronic coupling as required for faster charge separation while providing better control over their supramolecular assemblies. The design strategies to attain D-A conjugate assemblies with optimal charge carrier generation efficiency, the scope of their application compared to state-of-the-art OSCs, current challenges, and future opportunities are discussed in the review. An integrated overview of rational design approaches derived from the comprehension of underlying photoinduced processes can pave the way toward superior optoelectronic devices and bring in new possibilities to the avenue of functional supramolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Madhu
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Vishnu Vijay
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
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9
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Powers-Riggs NE, Zuo X, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Solvent independent symmetry-breaking charge separation in terrylenediimide guanine-quadruplex nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:204302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0027471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E. Powers-Riggs
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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10
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Milovanović B, Stanković IM, Petković M, Etinski M. Modulating Excited Charge-Transfer States of G-Quartet Self-Assemblies by Earth Alkaline Cations and Hydration. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:8101-8111. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Milovanović
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Ivana M. Stanković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Milena Petković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Etinski
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
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11
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Martín‐Arroyo M, Prado A, Chamorro R, Bilbao N, González‐Rodríguez D. Elucidating Noncovalent Reaction Mechanisms: G‐Quartet as an Intermediate in G‐Quadruplex Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martín‐Arroyo
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Anselmo Prado
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Raquel Chamorro
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Nerea Bilbao
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - David González‐Rodríguez
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
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12
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Martín-Arroyo M, Del Prado A, Chamorro R, Bilbao N, González-Rodríguez D. Elucidating Noncovalent Reaction Mechanisms: G-Quartet as an Intermediate in G-Quadruplex Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9041-9046. [PMID: 32125063 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In analogy to covalent reactions, the understanding of noncovalent association pathways is fundamental to influence and control any supramolecular process. Following an approach that is reminiscent of covalent methodologies, we study here, for the first time, the mechanism of G-quadruplex formation in organic solvents. Our results support a reaction pathway in which the cation shifts the equilibrium towards a G-quartet transient intermediate, which then acts as a template in the formation of the G-quadruplex product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martín-Arroyo
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anselmo Del Prado
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Chamorro
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Bilbao
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David González-Rodríguez
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials (MSMn) Group, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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13
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del Prado A, González‐Rodríguez D, Wu Y. Functional Systems Derived from Nucleobase Self-assembly. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:409-430. [PMID: 32257750 PMCID: PMC7110180 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic and reversible non-covalent interactions endow synthetic systems and materials with smart adaptive functions that allow them to response to diverse stimuli, interact with external agents, or repair structural defects. Inspired by the outstanding performance and selectivity of DNA in living systems, scientists are increasingly employing Watson-Crick nucleobase pairing to control the structure and properties of self-assembled materials. Two sets of complementary purine-pyrimidine pairs (guanine:cytosine and adenine:thymine(uracil)) are available that provide selective and directional H-bonding interactions, present multiple metal-coordination sites, and exhibit rich redox chemistry. In this review, we highlight several recent examples that profit from these features and employ nucleobase interactions in functional systems and materials, covering the fields of energy/electron transfer, charge transport, adaptive nanoparticles, porous materials, macromolecule self-assembly, or polymeric materials with adhesive or self-healing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselmo del Prado
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - David González‐Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Yi‐Lin Wu
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
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14
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Powers-Riggs NE, Zuo X, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Symmetry-Breaking Charge Separation in a Nanoscale Terrylenediimide Guanine-Quadruplex Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17512-17516. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E. Powers-Riggs
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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15
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Guanosine-based thermotropic liquid crystals with tunable phase structures and ion-responsive properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 553:269-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Chen CT, Liao YY, Salunke SB, Lin YH, Kuo TS. Directed Self-Assembly of C 4-Symmetric, Oxidovanadate-Centered, Vanadyl(V) Quadruplexes for Ba 2+- and Hg 2+-Specific Recognition, Transport, and Recovery. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11511-11523. [PMID: 30183263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Directed assembly of loosely, Na+-bound, oxidovanadate-centered quartets of C4-symmetry from tailor-made chiral N-salicylidene-vanadyl(V) complexes, for the first time, allows for highly efficient Ba2+- or Hg2+-specific detection (by 51V NMR and VCD), transport (forming a unique helical capsule or a capped square planar complex, respectively), and green recovery from an aqueous phase containing 4 different alkaline earth ions or from at least 10 different metal ions of similar size and charge capacity into the CHCl3 layer without interference from oxa- or oxophilic ions like Mg2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Tien Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ya Liao
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan
| | | | - Ya-Hui Lin
- National Taiwan Normal University , Taipei , Taiwan
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17
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Lewis FD, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Tracking Photoinduced Charge Separation in DNA: from Start to Finish. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:1746-1754. [PMID: 30070820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The initial studies of the dynamics of photoinduced charge separation conducted in our laboratories 20 years ago found strongly distance-dependent rate constants over short distances but failed to detect intermediates in the transport of positive charge (holes). These observations were consistent with the single-step superexchange or tunneling mechanism that had been observed for numerous donor-bridge-acceptor systems at that time. Subsequent studies found weak distance dependence for hole transport over longer distances in DNA, characteristic of incoherent hopping of either localized or delocalized holes. The introduction of synthetic DNA capped hairpin constructs possessing hole donor and acceptor chromophores (or purine bases) at opposite ends of a base-pair domain made it possible to determine the time required for transit of charge from one chromophore to the other and, in some cases, to distinguish between the transit time and the much faster initial charge injection time. These studies eliminated conventional tunneling as a viable mechanism for charge transport in DNA except at very short donor-acceptor separations; however, they did not establish the presence or nature of intermediates in the charge separation process. Recent studies in our laboratories have succeeded in identifying key intermediates as well as untangling the dynamics and efficiency of the charge separation process from start to finish. The dynamics of the initial charge injection process is dependent upon both its free energy and the stacking of the hole donor chromophore and adjacent purine base. The transport of positive charge (holes) over multiple base pairs in duplex DNA occurs most efficiently via repeating adenine bases, known as A-tracts. The transit time across an A-tract is strongly dependent upon the free energy for hole injection, whereas the efficiency of charge separation depends on the competition between charge delocalization and charge recombination in the contact radical ion pair. The guanine cation radical has been detected both by femtosecond transient absorption and by stimulated Raman spectroscopies when the guanine is located near the chromophore employed for hole injection into an A-tract. Replacement of guanine by its derivative 8-phenylethynylguanine (EG), permits tracking of hole transport across longer poly(purine) sequences as a consequence of the stronger transient absorption and stimulated Raman scattering for EG+• vs G+•. We have recently obtained evidence based on femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy for the formation of delocalized A-polarons in A-tracts possessing four or more A-T base pairs. Similar methods have been used to track hole transport across less-common DNA structures including diblock and triblock poly(purines), locked nucleic acids, three-way junctions, and G-quadruplexes. Similar methods are have been applied to the study of photoinduced electron transport in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick D. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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18
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Brown KE, Singh APN, Wu YL, Ma L, Mishra AK, Phelan BT, Young RM, Lewis FD, Wasielewski MR. Fluorescent excimers and exciplexes of the purine base derivative 8-phenylethynyl-guanine in DNA hairpins. Faraday Discuss 2018; 207:217-232. [PMID: 29362748 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00186j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ground- and excited-state electronic interactions between the nucleobase analog 8-(4'-phenylethynyl)deoxyguanosine, EG, with natural nucleobases and 7-deazaguanine, as well as between adjacent EG base analogs, have been characterized using a combination of steady-state spectroscopy and time-resolved fluorescence, absorption, and stimulated Raman spectroscopies. The properties of the nucleoside EG-H2 are only weakly perturbed upon incorporation into synthetic DNA hairpins in which thymine, cytosine or adenine are the bases flanking EG. Incorporation of the nucleoside to be adjacent to guanine or deazaguanine results in the formation of short-lived (40-80 ps) exciplexes, the charge transfer character of which increases as the oxidation potential of the donor decreases. Hairpins possessing two or three adjacent EG base analogs display exciton-coupled circular dichroism in the ground state and form long-lived fluorescent excited states upon electronic excitation. Incorporation of EG into the helical scaffold of the DNA hairpins places it adjacent to its neighboring nucleobases or a second EG, thus providing the close proximity required for the formation of exciplex or excimer intermediates upon geometric relaxation of the short-lived EG excited state. The three time-resolved spectroscopic methods employed permit both the characterization of the several intermediates and the kinetics of their formation and decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
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19
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García-Iglesias M, Torres T, González-Rodríguez D. Well-defined, persistent, chiral phthalocyanine nanoclusters via G-quadruplex assembly. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:9446-9. [PMID: 27377372 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04152c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Octameric near-IR dye nanoclusters are produced by complexation of potassium cations with a phthalocyanine-guanosine conjugate. The combination of hydrogen-bonding, K(+) coordination, π-π stacking and steric interactions between the chiral side groups is responsible for defining a specific helical chromophore arrangement in the clusters, which display high stability and maintain their supramolecular identity onto substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Iglesias
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tomas Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. and IMDEA Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Spain
| | - David González-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Gan KP, Yoshio M, Sugihara Y, Kato T. Guanine-oligothiophene conjugates: liquid-crystalline properties, photoconductivities and ion-responsive emission of their nanoscale assemblies. Chem Sci 2017; 9:576-585. [PMID: 29629121 PMCID: PMC5869320 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03764c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid-crystalline conjugated guanine–oligothiophene derivatives show electron or ambipolar carrier transport properties and ion-induced phase transition accompanied by a luminescence colour change.
We here report the supramolecular self-assembly of hydrogen-bonded motifs for the development of nanostructured materials that exhibit dynamic functions such as stimuli-responsive properties and molecular recognition behaviour. We have designed and synthesised new thermotropic bicontinuous and columnar liquid-crystalline (LC) guanine–oligothiophene conjugates tethered with lipophilic chains, which exhibit ionic, electronic and photoluminescence properties. Their potassium salt complexes self-assemble into thermotropic columnar LC phases. Time-of-flight photoconductivity measurements have revealed that the guanine–oligothiophene conjugates in the LC states possess charge transport abilities with either electron or ambipolar mobility values of 10–4 to 10–3 cm2 V–1 s–1. Furthermore, we have found that the complexation of potassium ions with the guanine motif could lead not only to structural change and thermal stabilization of the LC phases but also to a photoluminescence colour change in the solid states. The strategy presented in this work could lead to the design of new functional LC materials that could potentially be applicable as sensors and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian Ping Gan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81-3-5841-7440
| | - Masafumi Yoshio
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81-3-5841-7440
| | - Yuki Sugihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81-3-5841-7440
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81-3-5841-7440
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21
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Brown KE, Singh APN, Wu YL, Mishra AK, Zhou J, Lewis FD, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Tracking Hole Transport in DNA Hairpins Using a Phenylethynylguanine Nucleobase. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12084-12092. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Arunoday P. N. Singh
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Yi-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Frederick D. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry,
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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22
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Thazhathveetil AK, Harris MA, Young RM, Wasielewski MR, Lewis FD. Efficient Charge Transport via DNA G-Quadruplexes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1730-1733. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Thazhathveetil
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michelle A. Harris
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Frederick D. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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23
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Fadaei E, Martín-Arroyo M, Tafazzoli M, González-Rodríguez D. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stabilities of G-Quadruplexes in Apolar Solvents. Org Lett 2017; 19:460-463. [PMID: 28102691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to more polar media, G-quadruplex assembly reveals remarkably high thermodynamic and kinetic stability in toluene solutions. Depending on the substituents installed at the lipophilic guanosine, either a dodecamer or an octamer complex is formed in the presence of K+ or Na+ salts that resist conditions of high dilution and elevated temperatures without exhibiting significant dissociation. Moreover, kinetic exchange between complexed and uncomplexed G is slow enough in NMR to monitor G-quadruplex formation along a day time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Fadaei
- Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology , P.O. Box 11155-9516, Tehran, Iran
| | - Miguel Martín-Arroyo
- Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mohsen Tafazzoli
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology , P.O. Box 11155-9516, Tehran, Iran
| | - David González-Rodríguez
- Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Wu YL, Horwitz NE, Chen KS, Gomez-Gualdron DA, Luu NS, Ma L, Wang TC, Hersam MC, Hupp JT, Farha OK, Snurr RQ, Wasielewski MR. G-quadruplex organic frameworks. Nat Chem 2016; 9:466-472. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Bolag A, Sakai N, Matile S. Dipolar Photosystems: Engineering Oriented Push-Pull Components into Double- and Triple-Channel Surface Architectures. Chemistry 2016; 22:9006-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Altan Bolag
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials; Inner Mongolia Normal University; Hohhot P. R. China
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
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26
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Harris MA, Mishra AK, Young RM, Brown KE, Wasielewski MR, Lewis FD. Direct Observation of the Hole Carriers in DNA Photoinduced Charge Transport. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5491-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Harris
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kristen E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Frederick D. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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27
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Billeci F, D'Anna F, Marullo S, Noto R. Self-assembly of fluorescent diimidazolium salts: tailor properties of the aggregates changing alkyl chain features. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10250f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Self assembly of fluorescent diimidazolium NDI salts showed properties of aggregates changing with alkyl chain length, with an odd–even effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renato Noto
- Dipartimento STEBICEF
- Sezione di Chimica
- 90128 Palermo
- Italy
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28
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Žic M. An alternative approach to solve complex nonlinear least-squares problems. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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