1
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Tayier F, Troyano J, Tokuda S, Wang Z, Haga MA, Furukawa S. Redox-Active Ruthenium-Organic Polyhedra with Tunable Surface Functionality and Porosities. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5559-5567. [PMID: 38470047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Dinuclear ruthenium paddlewheel complexes exhibit high structural stability in redox reactions. The use of these chemical motifs for the construction of Ru-based metal-organic polyhedra (RuMOPs) provides a route for redox-active porous materials. However, there are few studies on the synthesis and characterization of RuMOPs due to the difficulty in controlling the assembly process via the ligand-exchange reaction of equatorial acetates of the diruthenium tetraacetate precursors with dicarboxylic acid ligands. In this study, we synthesized three novel cuboctahedral RuMOPs based on the Ru2(II/III)-paddlewheel units with different alkyl functionalizations on the benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate moieties. We evaluated the effect of external functionalization on the molecular packing and the porous and redox properties. The electrochemical measurements revealed the multielectron transferred redox process where the electron-donating/-withdrawing nature of the functional groups allows the control of the redox behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuerkaiti Tayier
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Javier Troyano
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shun Tokuda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masa-Aki Haga
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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2
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Wang F, Cai W, Tan L, Li J, Wu D, Kong Y. A Liquid-Liquid Interfacial Strategy for Construction of Electroactive Chiral Covalent-Organic Frameworks with the Aim to Enlarge the Testing Scope of Chiral Electroanalysis. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38335728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Although electroactive chiral covalent-organic frameworks (CCOFs) are considered an ideal platform for chiral electroanalysis, they are rarely reported due to the difficult selection of suitable precursors. Here, a facile strategy of liquid-liquid interfacial polymerization was carried out to synthesize the target electroactive CCOFs Ph-Py+-(S,S)-DPEA·PF6- and Ph-Py+-(R,R)-DPEA·PF6-. That is, a trivalent Zincke salt (4,4',4″-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl)tris(1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)pyridin-1-ium)) trichloride (Ph-Py+-NO2) and enantiopure 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA) were dissolved in water and chloroform, respectively. The Zincke reaction occurs at the interface, resulting in uniform porosity. As expected, the cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry measurements showed that the tripyridinium units of the CCOFs afforded obvious electrochemical responses. When Ph-Py+-(S,S)-DPEA·PF6- was modified onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode as a chiral sensor, the molecules, which included tryptophan, aspartic acid, serine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, mandelic acid, and malic acid, were enantioselectively recognized in the response of the peak current. Very importantly, the discriminative electrochemical signals were derived from Ph-Py+-(S,S)-DPEA·PF6-. The best peak current ratios between l- and d-enantiomers were in the range of 1.31-2.68. Besides, a good linear relationship between peak currents and enantiomeric excess (ee) values was established, which was successfully harnessed to determine the ee values for unknown samples. In a word, the current work provides new insight and potential of electroactive CCOFs for enantioselective sensing in a broad range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wenrong Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Lilan Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Junyao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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3
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Huang S, Li X, Cai Y, Feng W, Yuan L. Construction of Oligorotaxanes with Hydrogen-Bonded Aramide Macrocycles through Threaded Host-Guest Complexation. Chemistry 2023:e202303394. [PMID: 38116992 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient and selective organic synthetic approaches for complex molecules has garnered significant attention due to the need for precise control over molecular structures and functions. Rotaxanes, a type of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), have shown promising applications in various fields including sensing, catalysis, and material science. However, the highly selective synthesis of oligo[n]rotaxanes (mostly n≥3) through controlling host-guest complexation and supramolecular threading assembly process still remains an ongoing challenge. In particular, the utilization of two-dimensional (2D) macrocycles with structural shape-persistency for the synthesis of oligo[n]rotaxanes is rare. In this concept, research on cooperatively threaded host-guest complexation with hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) aramide macrocycles and selective synthetic protocols of oligo[n]rotaxanes has been summarized. The high efficiency and selectivity in synthesis are ascribed to the synergistic interplay of multiple non-covalent bonding interactions such as hydrogen bonding and intermolecular π-π stacking of macrocycles within the unique supramolecular structure of threaded host-guest complexes. This review focuses on the latest progress in the concepts, synthesis, and properties of H-bonded aramide macrocycle-based oligorotaxanes, and presents an in-depth outlook on challenges in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Huang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Wen Feng
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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4
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Abstract
Heteroatom-centered diradical(oid)s have been in the focus of molecular main group chemistry for nearly 30 years. During this time, the diradical concept has evolved and the focus has shifted to the rational design of diradical(oid)s for specific applications. This review article begins with some important theoretical considerations of the diradical and tetraradical concept. Based on these theoretical considerations, the design of diradical(oid)s in terms of ligand choice, steric, symmetry, electronic situation, element choice, and reactivity is highlighted with examples. In particular, heteroatom-centered diradical reactions are discussed and compared with closed-shell reactions such as pericyclic additions. The comparison between closed-shell reactivity, which proceeds in a concerted manner, and open-shell reactivity, which proceeds in a stepwise fashion, along with considerations of diradical(oid) design, provides a rational understanding of this interesting and unusual class of compounds. The application of diradical(oid)s, for example in small molecule activation or as molecular switches, is also highlighted. The final part of this review begins with application-related details of the spectroscopy of diradical(oid)s, followed by an update of the heteroatom-centered diradical(oid)s and tetraradical(oid)s published in the last 10 years since 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hinz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (AOC), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie (AOC), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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5
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Sun Y, Liu L, Jiang L, Chen Y, Zhang H, Xu X, Liu Y. Unimolecular Chiral Stepping Inversion Machine. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37486147 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent molecular machines that are driven by light, electricity, and temperature have attracted considerable interest in the fields of chemistry, materials, and biology. Herein, a unimolecular chiral stepping inversion molecular machine (SIMM) was constructed by a coupling reaction between dibromo pillar[5]arene and a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivative (PT3 and PT5). Compared with the longer aliphatic linker PT5, PT3 with a shorter aliphatic linker shows chiral stepping inversion, achieving chiral inversion under a two-electron redox potential. Benefiting from the successive reversible two-electron redox potential of TTF, the self-exclusion and self-inclusion conformational transformations of SIMM can proceed in two steps under redox, leading to the chirality step inversion in the pillar[5]arene core. Electrochemical experiments and circular dichroism (CD) spectra show that the redox processes can cause SIMM CD signaling to reversibly switch. More importantly, as the oxidant Fe(ClO4)3 was increased from 0.1 to 1 equiv, the CD spectral signal of SIMM disappeared at 1 equiv, and further addition of Fe(ClO4)3 resulted in the CD signal reversed from positive to negative at 309 nm, indicating that the chirality was reversed after chemical oxidation and reached a negative maximum with the addition of 2 equiv Fe(ClO4)3; thus, redox-triggered chiral stepping inversion was achieved. Furthermore, the chiral inversion can be restored to its original state after the addition of 2 equiv of reducing agent, sodium ascorbate. This work demonstrates unimolecular chiral stepping inversion, providing a new perspective on stimulus-responsive chirality in molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Sun
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Linnan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hengyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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6
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Oka Y, Masai H, Terao J. Multistate Structural Switching of [3]Catenanes with Cyclic Porphyrin Dimers by Complexation with Amine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217002. [PMID: 36625214 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Catenanes with multistate switchable properties are promising components for next-generation molecular machines and supramolecular materials. Herein, we report a ligand-controlled switching method, a novel method for the multistate switching of catenanes controlled by complexation with added amine ligands. To verify this method, a [3]catenane comprising cyclic porphyrin dimers with a rigid π-system has been synthesized. Owing to the rigidity, the relative positions among the cyclic components of the [3]catenane can be precisely controlled by complexation with various amine ligands. Moreover, ligand-controlled multistate switching affects the optical properties of the [3]catenanes: the emission intensity can be tuned by modulating the sizes and coordination numbers of integrated amine ligands. This work shows the utility of using organic ligands for the structural switching of catenanes, and will contribute to the further development of multistate switchable mechanically interlocked molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Oka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, 332-0012, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Lin HY, Wang YT, Shi X, Yang HB, Xu L. Switchable metallacycles and metallacages. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1129-1154. [PMID: 36722920 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00779g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional metallacycles and three-dimensional metallacages constructed by coordination-driven self-assembly have attracted much attention because they exhibit unique structures and properties and are highly efficient to synthesize. Introduction of switching into supramolecular chemistry systems is a popular strategy, as switching can endow systems with reversible features that are triggered by different stimuli. Through this strategy, novel switchable metallacycles and metallacages were generated, which can be reversibly switched into different stable states with distinct characteristics by external stimuli. Switchable metallacycles and metallacages exhibit versatile structures and reversible properties and are inherently dynamic and respond to artificial signals; thus, these structures have many promising applications in a wide range of fields, such as drug delivery, data processing, pollutant removal, switchable catalysis, smart functional materials, etc. This review focuses on the design of switchable metallacycles and metallacages, their switching behaviours and mechanisms triggered by external stimuli, and the corresponding structural changes and resultant properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Te Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
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8
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Defrançois S, Bouad V, Woisel P, Lyskawa J. Thermoresponsive catechol end‐functionalized polymers/CBPQT
4+
, 4Cl
−
supramolecular assembly. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Defrançois
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAe, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 ‐ UMET ‐ Unité Matériaux et Transformations Lille France
| | - Vincent Bouad
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAe, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 ‐ UMET ‐ Unité Matériaux et Transformations Lille France
| | - Patrice Woisel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAe, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 ‐ UMET ‐ Unité Matériaux et Transformations Lille France
| | - Joël Lyskawa
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAe, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 ‐ UMET ‐ Unité Matériaux et Transformations Lille France
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9
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Abstract
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With the rapid development of optoelectronic fields,
electrochromic
(EC) materials and devices have received remarkable attention and
have shown attractive potential for use in emerging wearable and portable
electronics, electronic papers/billboards, see-through displays, and
other new-generation displays, due to the advantages of low power
consumption, easy viewing, flexibility, stretchability, etc. Despite
continuous progress in related fields, determining how to make electrochromics
truly meet the requirements of mature displays (e.g., ideal overall
performance) has been a long-term problem. Therefore, the commercialization
of relevant high-quality products is still in its infancy. In this
review, we will focus on the progress in emerging EC materials and
devices for potential displays, including two mainstream EC display
prototypes (segmented displays and pixel displays) and their commercial
applications. Among these topics, the related materials/devices, EC
performance, construction approaches, and processing techniques are
comprehensively disscussed and reviewed. We also outline the current
barriers with possible solutions and discuss the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Bo Jia
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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10
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Chen X, Mao H, Feng Y, Cai K, Shen D, Wu H, Zhang L, Zhao X, Chen H, Song B, Jiao Y, Wu Y, Stern CL, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Radically Enhanced Dual Recognition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Haochuan Mao
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Kang Cai
- Department of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dengke Shen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei 230601 China
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215 China
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11
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Lei S, Chang LM, Gu ZG, Zhang J. A metal-porphyrinic framework film as an efficient optical limiting layer in an electro-optical switchable device. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10166-10169. [PMID: 34523641 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04513j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a 2D surface-coordinated porphyrinic metal-organic framework film (SURMOF) CuTCPP prepared by a layer by layer method as an optical limiting layer in a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) device. The results show that the CuTCPP SURMOF/PDLC device has excellent switchable transparency and optical limiting performance, providing a new route to achieve mutilfunctional electro-optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Mei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China. .,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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12
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Shimoyama D, Baser-Kirazli N, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Electrochromic Polycationic Organoboronium Macrocycles with Multiple Redox States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17942-17946. [PMID: 34111328 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polycationic macrocycles are attractive as they display unique molecular switching capabilities arising from their redox properties. Although diverse polycationic macrocycles have been developed, those based on cationic boron systems remain very limited. We present herein the development of novel polycationic macrocycles by introducing organoboronium moieties into a conjugated organoboron macrocyclic framework. These macrocycles consist of four bipyridylboronium units that are connected by fluorene and either electron-deficient arylborane or electron-rich arylamine moieties. Electrochemical studies reveal that the macrocycles undergo reversible multi-step redox processes with transfer of up to 10 electrons. Switchable electrochromic behavior is demonstrated via spectroelectrochemical studies and the observed color changes are rationalized by correlation with computed electronic transitions using DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Nurcan Baser-Kirazli
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Roger A Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
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13
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Shimoyama D, Baser‐Kirazli N, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Electrochromic Polycationic Organoboronium Macrocycles with Multiple Redox States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Nurcan Baser‐Kirazli
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Roger A. Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
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14
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Chen XY, Mao H, Feng Y, Cai K, Shen D, Wu H, Zhang L, Zhao X, Chen H, Song B, Jiao Y, Wu Y, Stern CL, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Radically Enhanced Dual Recognition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25454-25462. [PMID: 34342116 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Complexation between a viologen radical cation (V.+ ) and cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) diradical dication (CBPQT2(.+) ) has been investigated and utilized extensively in the construction of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) and artificial molecular machines (AMMs). The selective recognition of a pair of V.+ using radical-pairing interactions, however, remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report the efficient encapsulation of two methyl viologen radical cations (MV.+ ) in a size-matched bisradical dicationic host - namely, cyclobis(paraquat-2,6-naphthalene)2(.+) , i.e., CBPQN2(.+) . Central to this dual recognition process was the choice of 2,6-bismethylenenaphthalene linkers for incorporation into the bisradical dicationic host. They provide the space between the two bipyridinium radical cations in CBPQN2(.+) suitable for binding two MV.+ with relatively short (3.05-3.25 Å) radical-pairing distances. The size-matched bisradical dicationic host was found to exhibit highly selective and cooperative association with the two MV.+ in MeCN at room temperature. The formation of the tetrakisradical tetracationic inclusion complex - namely, [(MV)2 ⊂CBPQN]4( .+) - in MeCN was confirmed by VT 1 H NMR, as well as by EPR spectroscopy. The solid-state superstructure of [(MV)2 ⊂CBPQN]4( .+) reveals an uneven distribution of the binding distances (3.05, 3.24, 3.05 Å) between the three different V.+ , suggesting that localization of the radical-pairing interactions has a strong influence on the packing of the two MV.+ inside the bisradical dicationic host. Our findings constitute a rare example of binding two radical guests with high affinity and cooperativity using host-guest radical-pairing interactions. Moreover, they open up possibilities of harnessing the tetrakisradical tetracationic inclusion complex as a new, orthogonal and redox-switchable recognition motif for the construction of MIMs and AMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Haochuan Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Kang Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dengke Shen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
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15
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Cai K, Zhang L, Astumian RD, Stoddart JF. Radical-pairing-induced molecular assembly and motion. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:447-465. [PMID: 37118435 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Radical-pairing interactions between conjugated organic π-radicals are relative newcomers to the inventory of molecular recognition motifs explored in supramolecular chemistry. The unique electronic, magnetic, optical and redox-responsive properties of the conjugated π-radicals render molecules designed with radical-pairing interactions useful for applications in various areas of chemistry and materials science. In particular, the ability to control formation of radical cationic or anionic species, by redox stimulation, provides a flexible trigger for directed assembly and controlled molecular motions, as well as a convenient means of inputting energy to fuel non-equilibrium processes. In this Review, we provide an overview of different examples of radical-pairing-based recognition processes and of their emerging use in (1) supramolecular assembly, (2) templation of mechanically interlocked molecules, (3) stimuli-controlled molecular switches and, by incorporation of kinetic asymmetry in the design, (4) the creation of unidirectional molecular transporters based on pumping cassettes powered by fuelled switching of radical-pairing interactions. We conclude the discussion with an outlook on future directions for the field.
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16
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Yao J, Wu W, Xiao C, Su D, Zhong Z, Mori T, Yang C. Overtemperature-protection intelligent molecular chiroptical photoswitches. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2600. [PMID: 33972556 PMCID: PMC8110520 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22880-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive intelligent molecular machines/devices are of current research interest due to their potential application in minimized devices. Constructing molecular machines/devices capable of accomplishing complex missions is challenging, demanding coalescence of various functions into one molecule. Here we report the construction of intelligent molecular chiroptical photoswitches based on azobenzene-fused bicyclic pillar[n]arene derivatives, which we defined as molecular universal joints (MUJs). The Z/E photoisomerization of the azobenzene moiety of MUJs induces rolling in/out conformational switching of the azobenzene-bearing side-ring and consequently leads to planar chirality switching of MUJs. Meanwhile, temperature variation was demonstrated to also cause conformational/chiroptical inversion due to the significant entropy change during the ring-flipping. As a result, photo-induced chiroptical switching could be prohibited when the temperature exceeded an upper limit, demonstrating an intelligent molecular photoswitch having over-temperature protection function, which is in stark contrast to the low-temperature-gating effect commonly encountered. Realizing overtemperature protection with a molecular device is challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate an overtemperature protection function by integrating thermo- and photoresponsive functions into a pillar[6]arene based pseudocatanene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Chao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Medical Center, and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Omoto K, Tashiro S, Shionoya M. Phase-Dependent Reactivity and Host-Guest Behaviors of a Metallo-Macrocycle in Liquid and Solid-State Photosensitized Oxygenation Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5406-5412. [PMID: 33645968 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical oxygenation reactions of a host-guest complex, pCp⊂[Ag2L0](SbF6)2 (pCp = [2.2]paracyclophane) have been investigated in solution and in the solid state, using the macrocyclic ligand L0 having four anthracene moieties in the framework. As a result, it was found that the reactivity and host-guest functions show remarkable phase dependence. In solution, the photosensitized oxygenation of all the anthracene moieties of L0 resulted in a fully oxygenated macrocycle [Ag2L4](SbF6)2 as the final product, while simultaneously the guest molecule was dissociated from the macrocyclic cavity. On the other hand, in an amorphous solid of pCp⊂[Ag2L0](SbF6)2 prepared by decomposing single crystals through the removal of the crystalline solvent, the oxygenated site of L0 was significantly controlled to provide a site-selectively oxygenated inclusion complex, pCp⊂[Ag2L1](SbF6)2, possessing a mono-oxygenated Cs-symmetrical macrocyclic skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Omoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0003, Japan
| | - Shohei Tashiro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0003, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0003, Japan
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18
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Deng Y, Lai SKM, Kong L, Au-Yeung HY. Fine-tuning of the optical output in a dual responsive catenane switch. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2931-2934. [PMID: 33621303 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00310k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A [2]catenane switch where the intramolecular pyrene excimer emission can be controlled by orthogonal cation binding and solvent polarity change in various amplitudes and dynamic ranges is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Deng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
| | - Samuel Kin-Man Lai
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
| | - Linghui Kong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
| | - Ho Yu Au-Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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19
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Zhang S, Shen N, Zhang J, Xu F, Zhang J, Tang J, Hu D, Yin B, Chen S. Solvent responses and substituent effects upon magnetic properties of mononuclear Dy III compounds. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:624-637. [PMID: 33320134 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03477k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Solvent responsive magnets comprise a class of molecule-based materials where lattice solvent driven structural transformation leads to the switching of magnetic properties. Herein, we present a special type of magnet where single-crystal to single-crystal (SCSC) transformations within mononuclear DyIII compounds result in the switching of DyIII single-molecule magnets (SMMs). This structural transformation involves lattice solvents which leads to significant changes in the color and magnetic properties. Additionally, the relaxation dynamics of mononuclear DyIII compounds are perceptibly fine-tuned by the modification of β-diketonate ligands. The uniaxial magnetic anisotropies, magneto-structural correlations and the relaxation mechanism were investigated by magnetic studies and ab initio calculations. These experimental and theoretical studies indicate that compound 2 exhibits the best magnetic properties in compounds 1-4. The experimental observation is supported by the theoretical prediction of QTM time (τZeeQTM) as theτZeeQTM of 2 is remarkably longer than those of the other three compounds by an order of magnitude. This means that, compared with 1, 3, and 4, the magnetic relaxation of 2 is significantly slower. Meanwhile, 2 has the largest value of axial ESP (the axial electrostatic potential), which supports the smallest gXY value in these compounds, resulting in better SMM properties. The present results offer a systematic synthesis regulation to change the magnetization dynamics and further understand magneto-structural correlations for DyIII SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, 1 Hi-Tech Avenue, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, China.
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20
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Beer H, Bresien J, Michalik D, Schulz A, Villinger A. Reversible switching between housane and cyclopentanediyl isomers: an isonitrile-catalysed thermal reverse reaction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13986-13992. [PMID: 32869789 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The photo-isomerization of an isolable five-membered singlet biradical based on C, N, and P ([TerNP]2CNDmp, 2a) selectively afforded a closed-shell housane-type isomer (3a) by forming a transannular P-P bond. In the dark, the housane-type species re-isomerized to the biradical, resulting in a fully reversible overall process. In the present study, the influence of tBuNC on the thermal reverse reaction was investigated: the isonitrile acted as a catalyst, thus allowing control over the thermal reaction rate. Moreover, tBuNC also reacted with the biradical to form an adduct species ([TerNP]2CNDmp·CNtBu, 4a), which can be regarded as the resting state of the system. The reactive species 2a and 3a could be re-generated in situ by irradiation with red light. The results of this study extend our understanding of this new class of molecular switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Beer
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Jonas Bresien
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Dirk Michalik
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany. and Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany. and Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany and Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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21
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Marshall DL, Poad BLJ, Luis ET, Da Silva Rodrigues RA, Blanksby SJ, Mullen KM. Stepwise reduction of interlocked viologen-based complexes in the gas phase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13575-13578. [PMID: 33052365 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We present the first application of electrochemical reduction in an ion trap mass spectrometer as a dual-function tool to synthesise and probe the reactivity of interlocked viologen-based complexes. Compared with non-complexed archetypes, electron-donating macrocyclic porphyrin ethers retard electron transfer reaction rates and stabilise intact structures in low oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Marshall
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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22
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Xia D, Wang P, Ji X, Khashab NM, Sessler JL, Huang F. Functional Supramolecular Polymeric Networks: The Marriage of Covalent Polymers and Macrocycle-Based Host–Guest Interactions. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6070-6123. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Xia
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Pi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMS) Laboratory, Chemical Science Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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23
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Jensen M, Kristensen R, Andersen SS, Bendixen D, Jeppesen JO. Probing the Electrostatic Barrier of Tetrathiafulvalene Dications using a Tetra-stable Donor-Acceptor [2]Rotaxane. Chemistry 2020; 26:6165-6175. [PMID: 32049376 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A tetra-stable donor-acceptor [2]rotaxane 1⋅4PF6 has been synthesized. The dumbbell component is comprised of an oxyphenylene (OP), a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), a monopyrrolo-TTF (MPTTF), and a hydroquinone (HQ) unit, which can act as recognition sites (stations) for the tetra-cationic cyclophane cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT4+ ). The TTF and the MPTTF stations are located in the middle of the dumbbell component and are connected by a triethylene glycol (TEG) chain in such a way that the pyrrole moiety of the MPTTF station points toward the TTF station, while the TTF and MPTTF stations are flanked by the OP and HQ stations on their left hand side and right hand side, respectively. The [2]rotaxane was characterized in solution by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The spectroscopic data revealed that the majority (77 %) of the tetra-stable [2]rotaxane 14+ exist as the translational isomer 1⋅MPTTF4+ in which the CBPQT4+ ring encircles the MPTTF station. The electrochemical studies showed that CBPQT4+ in 1⋅MPTTF4+ undergoes ring translation as result of electrostatic repulsion from the oxidized MPTTF unit. Following tetra-oxidation of 1⋅MPTTF4+ , a high-energy state of 18+ was obtained (i.e., 1⋅TEG8+ ) in which the CBPQT4+ ring was located on the TEG linker connecting the di-oxidized TTF2+ and MPTTF2+ units. 1 H NMR spectroscopy carried out in CD3 CN at 298 K on a chemically oxidized sample of 1⋅MPTTF4+ revealed that the metastable state 1⋅TEG8+ is only short-lived with a lifetime of a few minutes and it was found that 70 % of the positively charged CBPQT4+ ring moved from 1⋅TEG8+ to the HQ station, while 30 % moved to the much weaker OP station. These results clearly demonstrate that the CBPQT4+ ring can cross both an MPTTF2+ and a TTF2+ electrostatic barrier and that the free energy of activation required to cross MPTTF2+ is ca. 0.5 kcal mol-1 smaller as compared to TTF2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Jensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Rikke Kristensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sissel S Andersen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Dan Bendixen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jan O Jeppesen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
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24
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Wu K, Li K, Chen S, Hou Y, Lu Y, Wang J, Wei M, Pan M, Su C. The Redox Coupling Effect in a Photocatalytic Ru
II
‐Pd
II
Cage with TTF Guest as Electron Relay Mediator for Visible‐Light Hydrogen‐Evolving Promotion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2639-2643. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Kang Li
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Sha Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ya‐Jun Hou
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yu‐Lin Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jing‐Si Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Mei‐Juan Wei
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Cheng‐Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences China
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25
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Li B, Jiang S, Gao J, Wu X, Deng J, Zhang L, Yu Z. Dual Colorimetric/Fluorometric Double-Throw pH-Switches: The Dimroth Rearrangement of N,9-Diaryl 8-Azaadenines. Chempluschem 2020; 84:427-431. [PMID: 31939209 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A library of 12N,9-Diaryl 2-methyl-8-azaadenine (DAMA) compounds was designed and constructed through an aryl-pairing combination strategy for identifying a nucleobase-containing molecular switch that functions by the pH-regulated Dimroth rearrangement. By utilizing 2D thin-layer chromatography/mass spectrometry (2D-TLC-MS), the DAMA compounds were easily screened to identify which compounds could be used as molecular switches. The pH-switching ability of the DAMA was achieved by incorporating the acridine group as the key structural unit, as well as dual-modal colorimetric/fluorometric on/off properties as the probe functions. The real-time tracing of the switching process clearly indicated that the paired aromatics on both terminals of the DAMA molecule play a key role in tuning the switching kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jingshuo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jiajie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Linmeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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26
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Hasegawa M, Iyoda M. Self-Assembly of Radially π-Extended Tetrathiafulvalene Tetramers for Visible and Near Infrared Electrochromic Nanofiber. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masahiko Iyoda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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27
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Wu K, Li K, Chen S, Hou Y, Lu Y, Wang J, Wei M, Pan M, Su C. The Redox Coupling Effect in a Photocatalytic Ru
II
‐Pd
II
Cage with TTF Guest as Electron Relay Mediator for Visible‐Light Hydrogen‐Evolving Promotion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Kang Li
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Sha Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ya‐Jun Hou
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yu‐Lin Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jing‐Si Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Mei‐Juan Wei
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Cheng‐Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences China
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28
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Jensen M, Olsen G, Kristensen R, Takimiya K, Jeppesen JO. Naphtho[1,2- b
:5,6- b
′]dithiophene Building Blocks and their Complexation with Cyclobis(paraquat- p
-phenylene). European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Jensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy; University of Southern Denmark; Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
| | - Gunnar Olsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy; University of Southern Denmark; Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
| | - Rikke Kristensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy; University of Southern Denmark; Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Emergent Molecular Function Group; RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS); 2-1 Hirosawa Saitama 351-0198 Wako Japan
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Miyagi 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Jan O. Jeppesen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy; University of Southern Denmark; Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
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29
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Abstract
The design and synthesis of artificial molecular switches (AMSs) displaying architectures of increased complexity would constitute significant progress in meeting the challenging task of realizing artificial molecular machines (AMMs). Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a molecular shuttle composed of a cyclobis(paraquat-4,4'-biphenylene) cyclophane ring and a dumbbell incorporating a cyclobis(paraquat-m-phenylene) cyclophane "head" and a bifurcated, tawse-like "tail" composed of two oligoether chains, each containing a 1,5-dioxynaphthalene ring. In its reduced state the ring-in-ring recognition motif, between the meta and para bisradical dicationic cyclophanes (rings), defines the [2]rotaxane, whereas in the oxidized state, the cyclobis(paraquat-4,4'-biphenylene) cyclophane encircles the two 1,5-dioxynaphthalene rings in the bifurcated "tail". The redox-controlled molecular shuttling, which can be likened to the action of a zipper in the macroscopic world, exhibits slow kinetics dampened by the opening and closing of the bifurcated "tail" of the molecular shuttle. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that this slow shuttling is associated with electrochemical hysteresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Dumartin
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Mark C Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.,Institute of Molecular Design and Synthesis , Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China.,School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
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30
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Gaikwad S, Özer MS, Pramanik S, Schmittel M. Three-state switching in a double-pole change-over nanoswitch controlled by redox-dependent self-sorting. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7956-7963. [PMID: 31408072 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01456j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The four-arm nanomechanical switch 1 with four different terminals exhibits two switching arms (contacts A and D) and two distinct stations for binding (contacts B and C). In switching State I, the azaterpyridine arm is intramolecularly coordinated to a zinc(ii) porphyrin station (connection A ↔ B) while contact D (a ferrocenylbipyridine unit) and contact C (phenanthroline) remain disconnected. After addition of copper(i) ions (State II) both connections A ↔ B and C ↔ D are established. Upon one-electron oxidation, double-pole change-over switching cleaves both connections A ↔ B & C ↔ D and establishes the new connection A ↔ C (State III). Fully reversible three-state switching (State I → State II → State III → State II → State I) was achieved by adding appropriate chemical and redox stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Gaikwad
- Center of Micro-and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse-2, 57068 Siegen, Germany.
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31
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Wu K, Hou Y, Lu Y, Fan Y, Fan Y, Yu H, Li K, Pan M, Su C. Redox‐Guest‐Induced Multimode Photoluminescence Switch for Sequential Logic Gates in a Photoactive Coordination Cage. Chemistry 2019; 25:11903-11909. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Ya‐Jun Hou
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Yu‐Lin Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Yan‐Zhong Fan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Ya‐Nan Fan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Hui‐Juan Yu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Kang Li
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Cheng‐Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
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32
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Kwiatkowski A, Kolehmainen E, Ośmiałowski B. Conformational and Tautomeric Control by Supramolecular Approach in Ureido- N- iso-propyl, N'-4-(3-pyridin-2-one) pyrimidine. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132491. [PMID: 31288375 PMCID: PMC6651695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureido-N-iso-propyl,N’-4-(3-pyridin-2-one)pyrimidine (1) and its 2-methoxy pyridine derivative (1Me) has been designed and prepared. The conformational equilibrium in urea moiety and tautomerism in the pyrimidine part have been investigated by variable temperature and 1H NMR titrations as well as DFT quantum chemical calculations. The studied compounds readily associate by triple hydrogen bonding with 2-aminonaphthyridine (A) and/or 2,6-bis(acetylamino)pyridine (B). In 1, the proton is forced to 1,3-tautomeric shift upon stimuli and keeps it position, even when one of the partners in the complex was replaced by another molecule. The observed tautomerism controlled by conformational state (kinetic trapping effect) opens new possibilities in molecular sensing that are based on the fact that reverse reaction is not preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kwiatkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Erkki Kolehmainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Borys Ośmiałowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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33
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Howe ME, Garcia-Garibay MA. The Roles of Intrinsic Barriers and Crystal Fluidity in Determining the Dynamics of Crystalline Molecular Rotors and Molecular Machines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9835-9849. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E. Howe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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34
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Gerkman MA, Yuan S, Duan P, Taufan J, Schmidt-Rohr K, Han GGD. Phase transition of spiropyrans: impact of isomerization dynamics at high temperatures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5813-5816. [PMID: 31041949 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02141h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Isomerization behaviors of spiropyran derivatives in neat condensed phase were studied to understand their unusual phase transitions including cold-crystallization after extreme supercooling down to -50 °C. Compounds with different functional groups were compared, and the equilibrium between isomers at high temperatures was found to determine phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihael A Gerkman
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA.
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35
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Bresien J, Kröger-Badge T, Lochbrunner S, Michalik D, Müller H, Schulz A, Zander E. A chemical reaction controlled by light-activated molecular switches based on hetero-cyclopentanediyls. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3486-3493. [PMID: 30996939 PMCID: PMC6430090 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04893b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular switches are molecules that can reversibly be shifted between at least two stable states with different physical and chemical properties, making them interesting for application as chemical sensors or molecular machines. We recently discovered that five-membered, cyclic biradicals based on group 15 elements are efficient and robust photochemical switches that can be activated by red light. The quantum yield of the photo-isomerization is as high as 24.6%, and the thermal equilibration of the photo-activation product proceeds rapidly at ambient temperature. The fully reversible process was studied by experimental and high-level ab initio techniques. We could further demonstrate that the biradical character could be completely turned on and off, so the system could be applied to control chemical equilibria that involve activation products of the cyclic biradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bresien
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Thomas Kröger-Badge
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Stefan Lochbrunner
- Institute of Physics , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24 , D-18059 Rostock , Germany.,Department of Life, Light & Matter , University of Rostock , D-18051 Rostock , Germany
| | - Dirk Michalik
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany . ; .,Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock e.V. , Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany
| | - Henrik Müller
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany . ; .,Department of Life, Light & Matter , University of Rostock , D-18051 Rostock , Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock e.V. , Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany
| | - Edgar Zander
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany . ;
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36
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Shi Q, Chen CF. Step-by-step reaction-powered mechanical motion triggered by a chemical fuel pulse. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2529-2533. [PMID: 30881683 PMCID: PMC6385870 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05469j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural molecular machines perform important tasks in organisms under a reasonable energy supply strategy: a series of step-by-step biochemical reactions after the intake of a fuel such as glucose. As analogues of biomolecular machines, most artificial molecular machines and shuttles are still powered by two opposite stimuli, such as acid and base or oxidation and reduction. This inconvenient stimulus method for artificial molecular machines and shuttles creates great obstacles for realizing more functions of artificial molecular machines and shuttles owing to low energy utilization efficiency and troublesome operation. In this work, we report a new step-by-step reaction system combining two known reactions: (1) the formation of [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene from the reaction of iodosylbenzene and trifluoroacetic acid; and (2) the catalytic oxidation of alcohols by [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene in the presence of TEMPO. Owing to the acid absorption features of the first reaction and the acid releasing characteristics of the second reaction, the new step-by-step reaction obtains a pH oscillation feature. Taking advantage of the pH oscillation feature, the new reaction cycle triggered by iodosylbenzene was coupled with an acid-base switchable helicarene-based molecular shuttle. Benefitting from the reaction rate difference of the two known reactions (the reaction rate of the first reaction is faster than that of the second reaction), the movement of the helicarene on the axle could be controlled automatically by the reaction system through adding iodosylbenzene to a solution of alcohol, TEMPO and protonated rotaxane, and the manual addition of another opposite stimulus could be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chuan-Feng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science , CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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37
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Nicholas AD, Bullard RM, Pike RD, Patterson HH. Photophysical Investigation of Silver/Gold Dicyanometallates and Tetramethylammonium Networks: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry University of Maine 5706 Orono, ME 04469‐ USA
| | - Rebeka M. Bullard
- Department of Chemistry University of Maine 5706 Orono, ME 04469‐ USA
| | - Robert D. Pike
- Department of Chemistry College of William and Mary 8795 Williamsburg, VA 23187‐ USA
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38
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Arsenault NE, Xu Z, Wolf MO. Solvent- and Temperature-Responsive Platinum(II)-Functionalized Flexible Lewis Pairs. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:65-68. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. Arsenault
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael O. Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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39
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Wang Y, Cheng T, Sun J, Liu Z, Frasconi M, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Neighboring Component Effect in a Tri-stable [2]Rotaxane. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13827-13834. [PMID: 30253106 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The redox properties of cyclobis(paraquat- p-phenylene)cyclophane (CBPQT4+) render it a uniquely variable source of recognition in the context of mechanically interlocked molecules, through aromatic donor-acceptor interactions in its fully oxidized state (CPBQT4+) and radical-pairing interactions in its partially reduced state (CBPQT2(•+)). Although it is expected that the fully reduced neutral state (CBPQT(0)) might behave as a π-donating recognition unit, resulting in a dramatic change in its binding properties when compared with the other two redox states, its role in rotaxanes has not yet been investigated. To address this challenge, we report herein the synthesis of a tri-stable [2]rotaxane in which a CBPQT4+ ring is mechanically interlocked with a dumbbell component containing five recognition sites-(i) a bipyridinium radical cation (BIPY(•+)) located centrally along the axis of the dumbbell, straddled by (ii) two tetrafluorophenylene units linked to (iii) two triazole rings. In addition to the selective recognition between (iv) the CBPQT4+ ring and the triazole units, and (v) the CBPQT2(•+) ring and the reduced BIPY(•+) unit in the dumbbell component, investigations in solution have now confirmed the presence of additional non-covalent bonding interactions between the CBPQT(0) ring, acting as a donor in its neutral state, and the two tetrafluorophenylene acceptors in the dumbbell component. The unveiling of this piece of molecular recognition in a [2]rotaxane is reminiscent of the existence in much simpler, covalently linked, organic molecules of neighboring group participation (anchimeric assistance giving way to transannular interactions) in small-, medium-, and large-membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Tao Cheng
- Materials and Process Simulation Center , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Junling Sun
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Zhichang Liu
- School of Science , Westlake University , 18 Shilongshan Road , Hangzhou 310024 , China
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1 , Padova 35131 , Italy
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.,Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis , Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road , Nankai District, Tianjin 300072 , China.,School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
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40
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Nguyen MT, Ferris DP, Pezzato C, Wang Y, Stoddart JF. Densely Charged Dodecacationic [3]- and Tetracosacationic Radial [5]Catenanes. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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41
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Schröder HV, Schalley CA. Tetrathiafulvalene - a redox-switchable building block to control motion in mechanically interlocked molecules. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2163-2185. [PMID: 30202469 PMCID: PMC6122308 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rise of artificial molecular machines, control of motion on the nanoscale has become a major contemporary research challenge. Tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) are one of the most versatile and widely used molecular redox switches to generate and control molecular motion. TTF can easily be implemented as functional unit into molecular and supramolecular structures and can be reversibly oxidized to a stable radical cation or dication. For over 20 years, TTFs have been key building blocks for the construction of redox-switchable mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) and their electrochemical operation has been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we provide an introduction into the field of TTF-based MIMs and their applications. A brief historical overview and a selection of important examples from the past until now are given. Furthermore, we will highlight our latest research on TTF-based rotaxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik V Schröder
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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42
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Afonin AV, Vashchenko AV. The intramolecular hydrogen bond as a unit of molecular electronics: Molecular switching controlled by overcrowded intramolecular three-centered hydrogen bond. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633618500232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The equilibrium geometry of the 2,5-bis-[2-(pyridin-2-yl)-vinyl]-1[Formula: see text]-pyrrole calculated at the MP2/6-311[Formula: see text]G([Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]) level of theory evidences the breaking of one of the components in the three-centered intramolecular hydrogen bond due to the steric strain. For this reason, the three-centered intramolecular hydrogen bonding turns out to be asymmetric interaction involving the major and minor components. However, the reversible switching between these components under an external impact is also possible. Two different stable states with unequal geometric and electronic structure are observed in the derivatives of the 2,5-bis-[2-(pyridin-2-yl)-vinyl]-1[Formula: see text]-pyrrole. These molecules represent novel molecular switches operating due to the pendulum-like transition between the nonequivalent two-centered components of the overcrowded three-centered intramolecular hydrogen bond. Implantation of hydrogen bond as a unit of the molecular scale device enhances potential of molecular electronics and could serve as a step towards the construction of artificial biological ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Afonin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Vashchenko
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
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43
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Lipke MC, Wu Y, Roy I, Wang Y, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Shuttling Rates, Electronic States, and Hysteresis in a Ring-in-Ring Rotaxane. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:362-371. [PMID: 29632882 PMCID: PMC5879476 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The trisradical recognition motif between a 4,4'-bipyridinium radical cation and a cyclo-bis-4,4'-bipyridinium diradical dication has been employed previously in rotaxanes to control their nanomechanical and electronic properties. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a redox-active ring-in-ring [2]rotaxane BBR·8PF6 that employs a tetraradical variant of this recognition motif. A square-shaped bis-4,4'-bipyridinium cyclophane is mechanically interlocked around the dumbbell component of this rotaxane, and the dumbbell itself incorporates a smaller bis-4,4'-bipyridinium cyclophane into its covalently bonded structure. This small cyclophane serves as a significant impediment to the shuttling of the larger ring across the dumbbell component of BBR8+ , whereas reduction to the tetraradical tetracationic state BBR4(+•) results in strong association of the two cyclophanes driven by two radical-pairing interactions. In these respects, BBR·8PF6 exhibits qualitatively similar behavior to its predecessors that interconvert between hexacationic and trisradical tricationic states. The rigid preorganization of two bipyridinium groups within the dumbbell of BBR·8PF6 confers, however, two distinct properties upon this rotaxane: (1) the rate of shuttling is reduced significantly relative to those of its predecessors, resulting in marked electrochemical hysteresis observed by cyclic voltammetry for switching between the BBR8+/BBR4(+•) states, and (2) the formally tetraradical form of the rotaxane, BBR4(+•) , exhibits a diamagnetic ground state, which, as a result of the slow shuttling motions within BBR4(+•) , has a long enough lifetime to be characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Lipke
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Indranil Roy
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Wang J, Ferguson AL. A Study of the Morphology, Dynamics, and Folding Pathways of Ring Polymers with Supramolecular Topological Constraints Using Molecular Simulation and Nonlinear Manifold Learning. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- Department
of Physics, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Department of
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Andrew L. Ferguson
- Department
of Physics, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Department of
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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45
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Wagner-Wysiecka E, Łukasik N, Biernat JF, Luboch E. Azo group(s) in selected macrocyclic compounds. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2018; 90:189-257. [PMID: 29568230 PMCID: PMC5845695 DOI: 10.1007/s10847-017-0779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Azobenzene derivatives due to their photo- and electroactive properties are an important group of compounds finding applications in diverse fields. Due to the possibility of controlling the trans-cis isomerization, azo-bearing structures are ideal building blocks for development of e.g. nanomaterials, smart polymers, molecular containers, photoswitches, and sensors. Important role play also macrocyclic compounds well known for their interesting binding properties. In this article selected macrocyclic compounds bearing azo group(s) are comprehensively described. Here, the relationship between compounds' structure and their properties (as e.g. ability to guest complexation, supramolecular structure formation, switching and motion) is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Łukasik
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan F Biernat
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Luboch
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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46
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Kaiser F, Reich RM, Rivard E, Kühn FE. Pyridine Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Silane Complexes of Iridium and Rhodium–An Unexpected Change in Coordination. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kaiser
- Catalysis
Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Molecular Catalysis and Wacker Institute, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Robert M. Reich
- Catalysis
Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Molecular Catalysis and Wacker Institute, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Catalysis
Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Molecular Catalysis and Wacker Institute, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
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47
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Wang Y, Frasconi M, Stoddart JF. Introducing Stable Radicals into Molecular Machines. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:927-935. [PMID: 28979933 PMCID: PMC5620985 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ever since their discovery, stable organic radicals have received considerable attention from chemists because of their unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties. Currently, one of the most appealing challenges for the chemical community is to develop sophisticated artificial molecular machines that can do work by consuming external energy, after the manner of motor proteins. In this context, radical-pairing interactions are important in addressing the challenge: they not only provide supramolecular assistance in the synthesis of molecular machines but also open the door to developing multifunctional systems relying on the various properties of the radical species. In this Outlook, by taking the radical cationic state of 1,1'-dialkyl-4,4'-bipyridinium (BIPY•+) as an example, we highlight our research on the art and science of introducing radical-pairing interactions into functional systems, from prototypical molecular switches to complex molecular machines, followed by a discussion of the (i) limitations of the current systems and (ii) future research directions for designing BIPY•+-based molecular machines with useful functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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48
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Sun J, Liu Z, Liu WG, Wu Y, Wang Y, Barnes JC, Hermann KR, Goddard WA, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Mechanical-Bond-Protected, Air-Stable Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12704-12709. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | - Jonathan C. Barnes
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | | | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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49
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Nagasaki J, Hiroto S, Shinokubo H. π-Extended Dihydrophenazines with Three-State NIR Electrochromism Involving Large Conformational Changes. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2311-2317. [PMID: 28590054 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juri Nagasaki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku; Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
| | - Satoru Hiroto
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku; Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku; Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
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50
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Aeschi Y, Drayss-Orth S, Valášek M, Raps F, Häussinger D, Mayor M. Assembly of [2]Rotaxanes in Water. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yves Aeschi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute; University of Basel; Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Drayss-Orth
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Michal Valášek
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); P. O. Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Felix Raps
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute; University of Basel; Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); P. O. Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM); Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
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