1
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Abstract
The topological properties of an object, associated with an integer called the topological invariant, are global features that cannot change continuously but only through abrupt variations, hence granting them intrinsic robustness. Engineered metamaterials (MMs) can be tailored to support highly nontrivial topological properties of their band structure, relative to their electronic, electromagnetic, acoustic and mechanical response, representing one of the major breakthroughs in physics over the past decade. Here, we review the foundations and the latest advances of topological photonic and phononic MMs, whose nontrivial wave interactions have become of great interest to a broad range of science disciplines, such as classical and quantum chemistry. We first introduce the basic concepts, including the notion of topological charge and geometric phase. We then discuss the topology of natural electronic materials, before reviewing their photonic/phononic topological MM analogues, including 2D topological MMs with and without time-reversal symmetry, Floquet topological insulators, 3D, higher-order, non-Hermitian and nonlinear topological MMs. We also discuss the topological aspects of scattering anomalies, chemical reactions and polaritons. This work aims at connecting the recent advances of topological concepts throughout a broad range of scientific areas and it highlights opportunities offered by topological MMs for the chemistry community and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Simon Yves
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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2
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Neumark DM. Spectroscopy of Radicals, Clusters, and Transition States Using Slow Electron Velocity-Map Imaging of Cryogenically Cooled Anions. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:4207-4223. [PMID: 37094039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Slow electron velocity-map imaging of cryogenically cooled anions (cryo-SEVI) is a high-resolution variant of anion photoelectron spectroscopy that has been applied with considerable success over the years to the study of radicals, size-selected clusters, and transition states for unimolecular and bimolecular reactions. Cryo-SEVI retains the versatility of conventional anion photoelectron spectroscopy while offering sub-meV resolution, thereby enabling the resolution of vibrational structure in the photoelectron spectra of complex anions. This Feature Article describes recent experiments in our laboratory using cryo-SEVI, including a new research direction in which anions are vibrationally pre-excited with an infrared laser pulse prior to photodetachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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3
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Issler K, Mitrić R, Petersen J. Quantum-classical dynamics of vibration-induced autoionization in molecules. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:034107. [PMID: 36681633 DOI: 10.1063/5.0135392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a novel method for the simulation of the vibration-induced autoionization dynamics in molecular anions in the framework of the quantum-classical surface hopping approach. Classical trajectories starting from quantum initial conditions are propagated on a quantum-mechanical potential energy surface while allowing for autoionization through transitions into discretized continuum states. These transitions are induced by the couplings between the electronic states of the bound anionic system and the electron-detached system composed of the neutral molecule and the free electron. A discretization scheme for the detached system is introduced, and a set of formulas is derived that enable the approximate calculation of couplings between the bound and free-electron states. We demonstrate our method on the example of the anion of vinylidene, a high-energy isomer of acetylene, for which detailed experimental data are available. Our results provide information on the time scale of the autoionization process and give insight into the energetic and angular distribution of the ejected electrons, as well as the associated changes in the molecular geometry. We identify the formation of structures with reduced C-C bond lengths and T-like conformations through bending of the CH2 group with respect to the C-C axis and point out the role of autoionization as a driving process for the isomerization to acetylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Issler
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Mitrić
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Petersen
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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4
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Kutin Y, Reitz J, Antoni PW, Savitsky A, Pantazis DA, Kasanmascheff M, Hansmann MM. Characterization of a Triplet Vinylidene. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21410-21415. [PMID: 34898204 PMCID: PMC8704171 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Singlet vinylidenes
(R2C=C:) are proposed as
intermediates in a series of organic reactions, and very few have
been studied by matrix isolation or gas-phase spectroscopy. Triplet
vinylidenes, however, featuring two unpaired electrons at a monosubstituted
carbon atom are thus far only predicted as electronically excited-state
species and represent an unexplored class of carbon-centered diradicals.
We report the photochemical generation and low-temperature EPR/ENDOR
characterization of the first ground-state high-spin (triplet) vinylidene.
The zero-field splitting parameters (D = 0.377 cm–1 and |E|/D = 0.028)
were determined, and the 13C hyperfine coupling tensor
was obtained by 13C-ENDOR measurements. Most strikingly,
the isotropic 13C hyperfine coupling constant (50 MHz)
is far smaller than the characteristic values of triplet carbenes,
demonstrating a unique electronic structure which is supported by
quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Kutin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Justus Reitz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrick W Antoni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anton Savitsky
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Müge Kasanmascheff
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Max M Hansmann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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5
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Krasnoukhov VS, Azyazov VN, Mebel AM, Doddipatla S, Yang Z, Goettl S, Kaiser RI. Combined Crossed Molecular Beams and Ab Initio Study of the Bimolecular Reaction of Ground State Atomic Silicon (Si; 3 P) with Germane (GeH 4 ; X 1 A 1 ). Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1497-1504. [PMID: 34004053 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The chemical dynamics of the elementary reaction of ground state atomic silicon (Si; 3 P) with germane (GeH4 ; X1 A1 ) were unraveled in the gas phase under single collision condition at a collision energy of 11.8±0.3 kJ mol-1 exploiting the crossed molecular beams technique contemplated with electronic structure calculations. The reaction follows indirect scattering dynamics and is initiated through an initial barrierless insertion of the silicon atom into one of the four chemically equivalent germanium-hydrogen bonds forming a triplet collision complex (HSiGeH3 ; 3 i1). This intermediate underwent facile intersystem crossing (ISC) to the singlet surface (HSiGeH3 ; 1 i1). The latter isomerized via at least three hydrogen atom migrations involving exotic, hydrogen bridged reaction intermediates eventually leading to the H3 SiGeH isomer i5. This intermediate could undergo unimolecular decomposition yielding the dibridged butterfly-structured isomer 1 p1 (Si(μ-H2 )Ge) plus molecular hydrogen through a tight exit transition state. Alternatively, up to two subsequent hydrogen shifts to i6 and i7, followed by fragmentation of each of these intermediates, could also form 1 p1 (Si(μ-H2 )Ge) along with molecular hydrogen. The overall non-adiabatic reaction dynamics provide evidence on the existence of exotic dinuclear hydrides of main group XIV elements, whose carbon analog structures do not exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav S Krasnoukhov
- Samara National Research University, Samara, 443086.,Lebedev Physical Institute, Samara, 443011, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriy N Azyazov
- Samara National Research University, Samara, 443086.,Lebedev Physical Institute, Samara, 443011, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Mebel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.,Samara National Research University, Samara, 443086
| | - Srinivas Doddipatla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Zhenghai Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Shane Goettl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Ralf I Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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6
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Fu YL, Bai Y, Han YC, Fu B, Zhang DH. Double-Roaming Dynamics in the H + C 2H 2 → H 2 + C 2H Reaction: Acetylene-Facilitated Roaming and Vinylidene-Facilitated Roaming. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4211-4217. [PMID: 33900762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report two novel roaming pathways for the H + C2H2 → H2 + C2H reaction by performing extensive quasiclassical trajectory calculations on a new, global, high-level machine learning-based potential energy surface. One corresponds to the acetylene-facilitated roaming pathway, where the H atom turns back from the acetylene + H channel and abstracts another H atom from acetylene. The other is the vinylidene-facilitated roaming, where the H atom turns back from the vinylidene + H channel and abstracts another H from vinylidene. The "double-roaming" pathways account for roughly 95% of the total cross section of the H2 + C2H products at the collision energy of 70 kcal/mol. These computational results give valuable insights into the significance of the two isomers (acetylene and vinylidene) in chemical reaction dynamics and also the experimental search for roaming dynamics in this bimolecular reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Fu
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China116024
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China 116023
| | - Yuyao Bai
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China116024
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China 116023
| | - Yong-Chang Han
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China116024
| | - Bina Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China 116023
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China 116023
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7
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Fábri C, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á. Signatures of light-induced nonadiabaticity in the field-dressed vibronic spectrum of formaldehyde. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124308. [PMID: 33810660 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonadiabatic coupling is absent between the electronic ground X and first excited (singlet) A states of formaldehyde. As laser fields can induce conical intersections between these two electronic states, formaldehyde is particularly suitable for investigating light-induced nonadiabaticity in a polyatomic molecule. The present work reports on the spectrum induced by light-the so-called field-dressed spectrum-probed by a weak laser pulse. A full-dimensional ab initio approach in the framework of Floquet-state representation is applied. The low-energy spectrum, which without the dressing field would correspond to an infrared vibrational spectrum in the X-state, and the high-energy spectrum, which without the dressing field would correspond to the X → A spectrum, are computed and analyzed. The spectra are shown to be highly sensitive to the frequency of the dressing light allowing one to isolate different nonadiabatic phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fábri
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
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8
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Fábri C, Lasorne B, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á. Quantum light-induced nonadiabatic phenomena in the absorption spectrum of formaldehyde: Full- and reduced-dimensionality studies. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:234302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0035870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fábri
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Lasorne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Gábor J. Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lorenz S. Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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9
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Fábri C, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á. Born-Oppenheimer approximation in optical cavities: from success to breakdown. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1251-1258. [PMID: 34163887 PMCID: PMC8179040 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The coupling of a molecule and a cavity induces nonadiabaticity in the molecule which makes the description of its dynamics complicated. For polyatomic molecules, reduced-dimensional models and the use of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation (BOA) may remedy the situation. It is demonstrated that contrary to expectation, BOA may even fail in a one-dimensional model and is generally expected to fail in two- or more-dimensional models due to the appearance of conical intersections induced by the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fábri
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A H-1117 Budapest Hungary .,MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group P.O. Box 32 H-1518 Budapest Hungary
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen P.O. Box 400 H-4002 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen PO Box 400 H-4002 Debrecen Hungary .,ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd Dugonics tér 13 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
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10
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Fábri C, Lasorne B, Halász GJ, Cederbaum LS, Vibók Á. Striking Generic Impact of Light-Induced Non-Adiabaticity in Polyatomic Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5324-5329. [PMID: 32530631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-adiabaticity, i.e., the effect of mixing electronic states by nuclear motion, is a central phenomenon in molecular science. The strongest nonadiabatic effects arise due to the presence of conical intersections of electronic energy surfaces. These intersections are abundant in polyatomic molecules. Laser light can induce in a controlled manner new conical intersections, called light-induced conical intersections, which lead to strong nonadiabatic effects similar to those of the natural conical intersections. These effects are, however, controllable and may even compete with those of the natural intersections. In this work we show that the standard low-energy vibrational spectrum of the electronic ground state can change dramatically by inducing non-adiabaticity via a light-induced conical intersection. This generic effect is demonstrated for an explicit example by full-dimensional high-level quantum calculations using a pump-probe scheme with a moderate-intensity pump laser and a weak probe laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fábri
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Benjamin Lasorne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Gábor J Halász
- Department of Information Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ágnes Vibók
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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11
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Nelson TR, White AJ, Bjorgaard JA, Sifain AE, Zhang Y, Nebgen B, Fernandez-Alberti S, Mozyrsky D, Roitberg AE, Tretiak S. Non-adiabatic Excited-State Molecular Dynamics: Theory and Applications for Modeling Photophysics in Extended Molecular Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2215-2287. [PMID: 32040312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Optically active molecular materials, such as organic conjugated polymers and biological systems, are characterized by strong coupling between electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. Typically, simulations must go beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation to account for non-adiabatic coupling between excited states. Indeed, non-adiabatic dynamics is commonly associated with exciton dynamics and photophysics involving charge and energy transfer, as well as exciton dissociation and charge recombination. Understanding the photoinduced dynamics in such materials is vital to providing an accurate description of exciton formation, evolution, and decay. This interdisciplinary field has matured significantly over the past decades. Formulation of new theoretical frameworks, development of more efficient and accurate computational algorithms, and evolution of high-performance computer hardware has extended these simulations to very large molecular systems with hundreds of atoms, including numerous studies of organic semiconductors and biomolecules. In this Review, we will describe recent theoretical advances including treatment of electronic decoherence in surface-hopping methods, the role of solvent effects, trivial unavoided crossings, analysis of data based on transition densities, and efficient computational implementations of these numerical methods. We also emphasize newly developed semiclassical approaches, based on the Gaussian approximation, which retain phase and width information to account for significant decoherence and interference effects while maintaining the high efficiency of surface-hopping approaches. The above developments have been employed to successfully describe photophysics in a variety of molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammie R Nelson
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Alexander J White
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Josiah A Bjorgaard
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Andrew E Sifain
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States.,U.S. Army Research Laboratory , Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland 21005 , United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Benjamin Nebgen
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | | | - Dmitry Mozyrsky
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Adrian E Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
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12
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Schile AJ, Limmer DT. Simulating conical intersection dynamics in the condensed phase with hybrid quantum master equations. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:014106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5106379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Addison J. Schile
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
| | - David T. Limmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
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13
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Jochim B, Berry B, Severt T, Feizollah P, Zohrabi M, P KR, Wells E, Carnes KD, Ben-Itzhak I. Dependence on the Initial Configuration of Strong Field-Driven Isomerization of C 2H 2 Cations and Anions. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2320-2327. [PMID: 31002520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the femtosecond laser-induced fragmentation of C2H2 q ion beam targets in various initial configurations, including acetylene (linear HCCH), vinylidene (H2CC), and cis/ trans. The initial configuration is shown to have a tremendous impact on the branching ratio of acetylene-like (CH q1 + CH q2) and vinylidene-like (C q1' + CH2 q2') dissociation of a specific C2H2 q molecular ion. In particular, whereas C2H2+ generated from C2H2, a linear HCCH target, exhibits comparable levels of acetylene-like and vinylidene-like fragmentation, vinylidene or cis/ trans configuration ion beams preferably undergo vinylidene-like fragmentation, with an acetylene branching ratio ranging from 13.9% to zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Jochim
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - Ben Berry
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - T Severt
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - Peyman Feizollah
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - M Zohrabi
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - Kanaka Raju P
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - E Wells
- Department of Physics , Augustana University , Sioux Falls , South Dakota 57197 , United States
| | - K D Carnes
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - I Ben-Itzhak
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
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14
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Chang J, Guo L, Wang R, Mou J, Ren H, Ma J, Guo H. Absorption Spectra of Acetylene, Vinylidene, and Their Deuterated Isotopologues on Ab Initio Potential Energy and Dipole Moment Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4232-4240. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Lifen Guo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Ruifang Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jie Mou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Haisheng Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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15
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Wu Y, Cao J, Ma H, Zhang C, Bian W, Nunez-Reyes D, Hickson KM. Conical intersection-regulated intermediates in bimolecular reactions: Insights from C( 1D) + HD dynamics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw0446. [PMID: 31032418 PMCID: PMC6486230 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of conical intersections (CIs) in electronically nonadiabatic processes is well known, but their influence on adiabatic dynamics has been underestimated. Here, through combined experimental and theoretical studies, we show that CIs induce a barrier and regulate conversion from a precursor metastable intermediate (CI-R) to a deep well one. This results in bond-selective activation, influencing the adiabatic dynamics markedly in the C(1D) + HD reaction. Theory is validated by experiment; quantum dynamics calculations on highly accurate ab initio potential energy surfaces yield rate coefficients and product branching ratios in excellent agreement with the experiment. Quasi-classical trajectory calculations reveal that the CI-R intermediate leads to unusual reaction mechanisms (designated as C─H activation complex conversion and cyclic complex), which are responsible for large branching ratios. We also reveal that CI-R intermediates exist in other reactive systems, and the dynamical effects uncovered here may have general significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianwei Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wensheng Bian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dianailys Nunez-Reyes
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Kevin M. Hickson
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
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16
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Thomas AM, Dangi BB, Yang T, Tarczay G, Kaiser RI, Sun BJ, Chen SY, Chang AHH, Nguyen TL, Stanton JF, Mebel AM. Directed Gas-Phase Formation of the Germaniumsilylene Butterfly Molecule (Ge(μ-H 2)Si). J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1264-1271. [PMID: 30817157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The hitherto elusive dibridged germaniumsilylene molecule (Ge(μ-H2)Si) has been formed for the first time via the bimolecular gas-phase reaction of ground-state germanium atoms (Ge) with silane (SiH4) under single-collision conditions. Merged with state-of-the-art electronic structure calculations, the reaction was found to proceed through initial formation of a van der Waals complex in the entrance channel, insertion of the germanium into a silicon-hydrogen bond, intersystem crossing from the triplet to the singlet surface, hydrogen migrations, and eventually elimination of molecular hydrogen via a tight exit transition state, leading to the germaniumsilylene "butterfly". This investigation provides an extraordinary peek at the largely unknown silicon-germanium chemistry on the molecular level and sheds light on the essential nonadiabatic reaction dynamics of germanium and silicon, which are quite distinct from those of the isovalent carbon system, thus offering crucial insights that reveal exotic chemistry and intriguing chemical bonding in the germanium-silicon system on the most fundamental, microscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry , University of Hawai'i at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Beni B Dangi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Hawai'i at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Hawai'i at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - György Tarczay
- Department of Chemistry , University of Hawai'i at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Ralf I Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry , University of Hawai'i at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Bing-Jian Sun
- Department of Chemistry , National Dong Hwa University , Shoufeng , Hualien 974 , Taiwan
| | - Si-Ying Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Dong Hwa University , Shoufeng , Hualien 974 , Taiwan
| | - Agnes H H Chang
- Department of Chemistry , National Dong Hwa University , Shoufeng , Hualien 974 , Taiwan
| | - Thanh L Nguyen
- Quantum Theory Project, Department of Chemistry and Physics , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - John F Stanton
- Quantum Theory Project, Department of Chemistry and Physics , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Alexander M Mebel
- Florida International University , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
- Samara University , Samara 443086 , Russia
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17
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Guo L, Li J, Ma J, Guo H. Quantum dynamical investigation of product state distributions of the F + CH3OH → HF + CH3O reaction via photodetachment of the F−(HOCH3) anion. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:044301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5082274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Guo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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18
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Dick B. MELEXIR: maximum entropy Legendre expanded image reconstruction. A fast and efficient method for the analysis of velocity map imaging or photoelectron imaging data. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19499-19512. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03353j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The MELEXIR program obtains a Legendre expansion of the 3D velocity distribution from 2D images of ions or photoelectrons. The maximum entropy algorithm avoids inverse Abel transforms, is fast and applicable to low-intensity images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Dick
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Regensburg
- 93053 Regensburg
- Germany
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19
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Babin MC, DeVine JA, Weichman ML, Neumark DM. Slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging of cold C7− and C9−. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:174306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5054792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Babin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jessalyn A. DeVine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Marissa L. Weichman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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20
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DeVine JA, Weichman ML, Xie C, Babin MC, Johnson MA, Ma J, Guo H, Neumark DM. Autodetachment from Vibrationally Excited Vinylidene Anions. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1058-1063. [PMID: 29438618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Slow electron velocity-map imaging of the cryogenically cooled H2CC¯ anion reveals a strong dependence of its high-resolution photoelectron spectrum on detachment photon energy in two specific ranges, from 4000 to 4125 cm-1 and near 5020 cm-1. This effect is attributed to vibrational excitation of the anion followed by autodetachment to H2CC + e¯. In the lower energy range, the electron kinetic energy (eKE) distributions are dominated by two features that occur at constant eKEs of 114(3) and 151.9(14) cm-1 rather than constant electron binding energies, as is typically seen for direct photodetachment. These features are attributed to ΔJ = ΔK = 0 autodetachment transitions from two vibrationally excited anion states. The higher energy resonance autodetaches to neutral eigenstates with amplitude in the theoretically predicted shallow well lying along the vinylidene-acetylene isomerization coordinate. Calculations provide assignments of all autodetaching anion states and show that the observed autodetachment is facilitated by an intersection of the anion and neutral surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn A DeVine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Marissa L Weichman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Changjian Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Mark C Babin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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21
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Abstract
Slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging spectroscopy of cryogenically cooled anions (cryo-SEVI) is a powerful technique for elucidating the vibrational and electronic structure of neutral radicals, clusters, and reaction transition states. SEVI is a high-resolution variant of anion photoelectron spectroscopy based on photoelectron imaging that yields spectra with energy resolution as high as 1-2 cm-1. The preparation of cryogenically cold anions largely eliminates hot bands and dramatically narrows the rotational envelopes of spectral features, enabling the acquisition of well-resolved photoelectron spectra for complex and spectroscopically challenging species. We review the basis and history of the SEVI method, including recent experimental developments that have improved its resolution and versatility. We then survey recent SEVI studies to demonstrate the utility of this technique in the spectroscopy of aromatic radicals, metal and metal oxide clusters, nonadiabatic interactions between excited states of small molecules, and transition states of benchmark bimolecular reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L Weichman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; , .,Current affiliation: JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; , .,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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22
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DeVine JA, Weichman ML, Laws B, Chang J, Babin MC, Balerdi G, Xie C, Malbon CL, Lineberger WC, Yarkony DR, Field RW, Gibson ST, Ma J, Guo H, Neumark DM. Encoding of vinylidene isomerization in its anion photoelectron spectrum. Science 2017; 358:336-339. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aao1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn A. DeVine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Laws
- Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jing Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610067, China
| | - Mark C. Babin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Garikoitz Balerdi
- Departmento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Unidad Asociada I+D+I CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Changjian Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | | | - W. Carl Lineberger
- JILA and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - David R. Yarkony
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Robert W. Field
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stephen T. Gibson
- Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610067, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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23
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Weichman ML, DeVine JA, Babin MC, Li J, Guo L, Ma J, Guo H, Neumark DM. Feshbach resonances in the exit channel of the F + CH3OH → HF + CH3O reaction observed using transition-state spectroscopy. Nat Chem 2017; 9:950-955. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Abstract
Recent experimental and theoretical advances in transient reaction dynamics probed by photodetachment of polyatomic anions are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. Continetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- University of New Mexico
- Albuquerque
- USA
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