1
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Wang X, Xu Y, Wang J. Efficient Dienyl End-Capping of Ruthenium Catalyzed Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization with Allyl Compounds through Base-Promoted Metallacyclobutane Decomposition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202409534. [PMID: 38869845 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate an effective and facile end-capping technique for ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using readily available allyl compounds as a new type of terminating agents. This new type of end-capping reactions, which are based on the base-promoted decomposition of ruthenocyclobutane intermediates, introduce diene moiety onto the chain end of ROMP polymers while simultaneously deactivating the ruthenium complex. These termination reactions are highly efficient, typically completing within 1 minute at 0 °C with >95 % end-capping fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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2
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Pal A, Wong AR, Lamb JR. Chemically Recyclable, High Molar Mass Polyoxazolidinones via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:502-507. [PMID: 38625148 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The development of robust methods for the synthesis of chemically recyclable polymers with tunable properties is necessary for the design of next-generation materials. Polyoxazolidinones (POxa), polymers with five-membered urethanes in their backbones, are an attractive target because they are strongly polar and have high thermal stability, but existing step-growth syntheses limit molar masses and methods to chemically recycle POxa to monomer are rare. Herein, we report the synthesis of high molar mass POxa via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of oxazolidinone-fused cyclooctenes. These novel polymers show <5% mass loss up to 382-411 °C and have tunable glass transition temperatures (14-48 °C) controlled by the side chain structure. We demonstrate facile chemical recycling to monomer and repolymerization despite moderately high monomer ring-strain energies, which we hypothesize are facilitated by the conformational restriction introduced by the fused oxazolidinone ring. This method represents the first chain growth synthesis of POxa and provides a versatile platform for the study and application of this emerging subclass of polyurethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Allison R Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jessica R Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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3
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Cormier S, Fogg DE. Probing Catalyst Degradation in Metathesis of Internal Olefins: Expanding Access to Amine-Tagged ROMP Polymers. ACS Catal 2023; 13:11834-11840. [PMID: 37671179 PMCID: PMC10476157 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-promoted ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) offers potentially powerful routes to amine-functionalized polymers with antimicrobial, adhesive, and self-healing properties. However, amines readily degrade the methylidene and unsubstituted ruthenacyclobutane intermediates formed in metathesis of terminal olefins. Examined herein is the relevance of these decomposition pathways to ROMP (i.e., metathesis of internal olefins) by the third-generation Grubbs catalyst. Primary alkylamines rapidly quench polymerization via fast adduct formation, followed by nucleophilic abstraction of the propagating alkylidene. Bulkier, Brønsted-basic amines are less aggressive: attack competes only for slow polymerization or strong bases (e.g., DBU). Added HCl limits degradation, as demonstrated by the successful ROMP of an otherwise intractable methylamine monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
K. Cormier
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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4
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Cabanero DC, Nguyen JA, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP, Rovis T. Deep Red to Near-Infrared Light-Controlled Ruthenium-Catalyzed Olefin Metathesis. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David C. Cabanero
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Catherine S. J. Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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5
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Blanco C, Fogg DE. Water-Accelerated Decomposition of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:1097-1102. [PMID: 36714054 PMCID: PMC9872090 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Water is ubiquitous in olefin metathesis, at levels ranging from contaminant to cosolvent. It is also non-benign. Water-promoted catalyst decomposition competes with metathesis, even for "robust" ruthenium catalysts. Metathesis is hence typically noncatalytic for demanding reactions in water-rich environments (e.g., chemical biology), a challenge as the Ru decomposition products promote unwanted reactions such as DNA degradation. To date, only the first step of the decomposition cascade is understood: catalyst aquation. Here we demonstrate that the aqua species dramatically accelerate both β-elimination of the metallacyclobutane intermediate and bimolecular decomposition of four-coordinate [RuCl(H2O)n(L)(=CHR)]Cl. Decomposition can be inhibited by blocking aquation and β-elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian
O. Blanco
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5,Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway,,
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6
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Eivgi O, Blum SA. Real-Time Polymer Viscosity-Catalytic Activity Relationships on the Microscale. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13574-13585. [PMID: 35866383 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymer growth induces physical changes to catalyst microenvironments. Here, these physical changes are quantified in real time and are found to influence microscale chemical catalysis and the polymerization rate. By developing a method to "peer into" optically transparent living-polymer particles, simultaneous imaging of both viscosity changes and chemical activity was achieved for the first time with high spatiotemporal resolution through a combination of fluorescence intensity microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy techniques. Specifically, an increase in microenvironment viscosity led to a corresponding local decrease in the catalytic molecular ruthenium ring-opening metathesis polymerization rate, plausibly by restricting diffusional access to active catalytic centers. Consistent with this diffusional-access model, these viscosity changes were found to be monomer-dependent, showing larger changes in microenvironment viscosity in cross-linked polydicyclopentadiene compared to non-crosslinked polynorbornene. The sensitivity and high spatial resolution of the imaging technique revealed significant variations in microviscosities between different particles and subparticle regions. These revealed spatial heterogeneities would not be observable through alternative ensemble analytical techniques that provide sample-averaged measurements. The observed spatial heterogeneities provide a physical mechanism for variation in catalytic chemical activity on the microscale that may accumulate and lead to nonhomogeneous polymer properties on the bulk scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Eivgi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Suzanne A Blum
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine California 92697-2025, United States
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7
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Kuanr N, Gilmour DJ, Gildenast H, Perry MR, Schafer LL. Amine-Containing Monomers for Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Understanding Chelate Effects in Aryl- and Alkylamine-Functionalized Polyolefins. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalendu Kuanr
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Damon J. Gilmour
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hans Gildenast
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mitchell R. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laurel L. Schafer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
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8
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Occhipinti G, Nascimento DL, Foscato M, Fogg DE, Jensen VR. The Janus face of high trans-effect carbenes in olefin metathesis: gateway to both productivity and decomposition. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5107-5117. [PMID: 35655574 PMCID: PMC9093171 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00855f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium–cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) catalysts, used at ppm levels, can enable dramatically higher productivities in olefin metathesis than their N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) predecessors. A key reason is the reduced susceptibility of the metallacyclobutane (MCB) intermediate to decomposition via β-H elimination. The factors responsible for promoting or inhibiting β-H elimination are explored via density functional theory (DFT) calculations, in metathesis of ethylene or styrene (a representative 1-olefin) by Ru–CAAC and Ru–NHC catalysts. Natural bond orbital analysis of the frontier orbitals confirms the greater strength of the orbital interactions for the CAAC species, and the consequent increase in the carbene trans influence and trans effect. The higher trans effect of the CAAC ligands inhibits β-H elimination by destabilizing the transition state (TS) for decomposition, in which an agostic MCB Cβ–H bond is positioned trans to the carbene. Unproductive cycling with ethylene is also curbed, because ethylene is trans to the carbene ligand in the square pyramidal TS for ethylene metathesis. In contrast, metathesis of styrene proceeds via a ‘late’ TS with approximately trigonal bipyramidal geometry, in which carbene trans effects are reduced. Importantly, however, the positive impact of a strong trans-effect ligand in limiting β-H elimination is offset by its potent accelerating effect on bimolecular coupling, a major competing means of catalyst decomposition. These two decomposition pathways, known for decades to limit productivity in olefin metathesis, are revealed as distinct, antinomic, responses to a single underlying phenomenon. Reconciling these opposing effects emerges as a clear priority for design of robust, high-performing catalysts. In ruthenium catalysts for olefin metathesis, carbene ligands of high trans influence/effect suppress decomposition via β-H elimination, but increase susceptibility to bimolecular decomposition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway
| | - Daniel L Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway
| | - Deryn E Fogg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway .,Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Vidar R Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway
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9
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Tyszka-Gumkowska A, Purohit VB, Nienałtowski T, Dąbrowski M, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Testing enabling techniques for olefin metathesis reactions of lipophilic substrates in water as a diluent. iScience 2022; 25:104131. [PMID: 35434568 PMCID: PMC9010768 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Olefin metathesis reactions of diverse polyfunctional substrates were conducted in water emulsions using two hydrophobic ruthenium catalysts in the presence of air. Instead of using surfactants to increase the efficiency of the metathesis reaction in water, ultrasound and microwave techniques were tested on a small-scale reaction, whereas conventional heating and mechanical stirring were effective enough to provide high conversion and selectivity on a larger scale. The developed conditions extend known protocols for the aqueous metathesis methodology, utilizing relatively low catalyst loadings and allowing for simple product isolation and purification. The established synthetic protocol was successfully adopted in the large-scale synthesis of a pharmaceutically related product – sildenafil (Viagra) derivative. Sustainable approach for metathesis reaction in water emulsion system on air. Utilization of enabling techniques for boosting metathesis under aqueous conditions. RCM of medically important sildenafil derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Tyszka-Gumkowska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vishal B Purohit
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Nienałtowski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.,Polpharma SA Pharmaceutical Works, Pelplińska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Monsigny L, Czarnocki S, Sienkiewicz M, Kopcha W, Frankfurter R, Vogt C, Solodenko W, Kajetanowicz A, Kirschning A, Grela K. Ruthenium Complex Bearing a Hydroxy Group Functionalised N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand – A Universal Platform for Synthesis of Tagged and Immobilised Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Monsigny
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Stefan Czarnocki
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Michał Sienkiewicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - William Kopcha
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - René Frankfurter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Callinstr. 9 D-30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Carla Vogt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Technical University Freiberg Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Wladimir Solodenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Schneiderberg 1b D-30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Schneiderberg 1b D-30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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11
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Swart M, Marais C, Erasmus E. Comparison of the Spectroscopically Measured Catalyst Transformation and Electrochemical Properties of Grubbs' First- and Second-Generation Catalysts. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:28642-28653. [PMID: 34746559 PMCID: PMC8567268 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
According to UV-vis spectroscopy (0.10 mM, CH2Cl2 at 25 °C), the catalyst transformation (which could possibly include ligand dissociation with active catalyst formation, dimer formation, and decomposition) rate constants (k obs) of Grubbs' first (1) and second (2) generation catalysts are 7.48 × 10-5 and 1.52 × 10-4 s-1, respectively. From 31P NMR (0.1 M, CD2Cl2, at 25 °C), the catalyst transformation was 5.1% for 1 and 16.5% for 2 after 72 h. However, due to the larger concentrations of the NMR samples compared to the UV-vis samples, the extent of transformation did not correspond. The oxidation potential of the RuII/RuIII couple of 2 (E°' = 27.5 mV at v = 200 mV s-1) was considerably lower than that of 1 (E°' = 167 mV at v = 200 mV s-1). In the case of 1, a second reduction peak appeared at slow scan rates. This may probably be ascribed to an electrochemically active compound that was formed from the intermediate cation 1 •+ and the subsequent reduction of the latter. The oxidation/reduction of 1 proceeds according to an ErCi electrochemical mechanism (Er = electrochemically reversible step, Ci = chemically irreversible step), whereas 2 proceeds according to an ErCr electrochemical mechanism (Er = electrochemically reversible step, Ci = chemically reversible step).
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12
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Toward E-selective Olefin Metathesis: Computational Design and Experimental Realization of Ruthenium Thio-Indolate Catalysts. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe selective transformation of 1-alkenes into E-olefins is a long-standing challenge in olefin metathesis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations predict high E-selectivity for catalysts incorporating a bidentate, dianionic thio-indolate ligand within a RuXX’(NHC)(py)(= CHR) platform (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene; py = pyridine). Such complexes are predicted to yield E-olefins by favoring anti-disposed substituents in the transition state expected to be rate-determining: specifically, that for cycloreversion of the metallacyclobutane intermediate. Three pyridine-stabilized catalysts Ru21a-c were synthesized, in which the thio-indolate ligand bears a H, Me, or Ph substituent at the C2 position, and the NHC ligand is the unsaturated imidazoline-2-ylidene Me2IMes (which bears N-mesityl groups and methyl groups on the C4,5 backbone). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of Ru21c confirms the ligand orientation required for E-selective metathesis, with the thio-indolate sulfur atom binding cis to the NHC, and the indolate nitrogen atom trans to the NHC. However, whereas the new complexes mediated metathetic exchange of their 2-thienylmethylidene ligand in the presence of the common metathesis substrates styrene and allylbenzene, no corresponding self-metathesis products were obtained. Only small amounts of 2-butene (73% (Z)-2-butene) were obtained in self-metathesis of propene using Ru21a. Detailed DFT analysis of this process revealed that product release is surprisingly slow, limiting the reaction rate and explaining the low metathesis activity. With the barrier to dissociation of (Z)-2-butene being lower than that of (E)-2-butene, the calculations also account for the observed Z-selectivity of Ru21a. These findings provide guidelines for catalyst redesign in pursuit of the ambitious goal of E-selective 1-alkene metathesis.
Graphic abstract
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13
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Blanco C, Nascimento DL, Fogg DE. Routes to High-Performing Ruthenium-Iodide Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis: Ligand Lability Is Key to Efficient Halide Exchange. Organometallics 2021; 40:1811-1816. [PMID: 34295013 PMCID: PMC8289337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Clean, high-yielding routes are described to ruthenium-diiodide catalysts that were recently shown to enable high productivity in olefin metathesis. For the second-generation Grubbs and Hoveyda catalysts (GII: RuCl2(H2IMes)(PCy3)(=CHPh); HII: RuCl2(H2IMes)(=CHAr), Ar = C6H4-2-O i Pr), slow salt metathesis is shown to arise from the low lability of the ancillary PCy3 or ether ligands, which retards access to the four-coordinate intermediate required for efficient halide exchange. To exploit the lability of the first-generation catalysts, the diiodide complex RuI2(PCy3)(=CHAr) HI-I 2 was prepared by treating "Grubbs I" (RuCl2(PCy3)2(=CHPh), GI) with NaI, H2C=CHAr (1a), and a phosphine-scavenging Merrifield iodide (MF-I) resin. Subsequent installation of H2IMes or cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) ligands afforded the second-generation iodide catalysts in good to excellent yields. Given the incompatibility of the nitro group with a free carbene, the iodo-Grela catalyst RuI2(H2IMes)(=CHAr') (nG-I 2 : Ar' = C6H3-2-O i Pr-4-NO2) was instead accessed by sequential salt metathesis of GI with NaI, installation of H2IMes, and finally cross-metathesis with the nitrostyrenyl ether H2C=CHAr' (1b), with MF-I as the phosphine scavenger. The bulky iodide ligands improve the selectivity for macrocyclization in ring-closing metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian
O. Blanco
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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14
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Patra SG, Das NK. Recent advancement on the mechanism of olefin metathesis by Grubbs catalysts: A computational perspective. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Debsharma T, Schmidt B, Laschewsky A, Schlaad H. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Unsaturated Carbohydrate Derivatives: Levoglucosenyl Alkyl Ethers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Debsharma
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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16
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Abstract
The mechanisms of formation, decomposition, and isomerisation of platinacyclobutane complexes [PtCl2(C3H6)L2] (L is typically pyridine) are discussed on the basis of density functional theory (DFT). The isomerisation and decomposition reactions occur through 5-coordinate intermediates [PtCl2(C3H6)L] that cannot be directly detected. These 5-coordinate complexes are predicted to have distorted square pyramidal structures, but a pinched trigonal bipyramidal (PTBP) stereochemistry is easily accessible. Both α- and β-elimination from these complexes to give hydride complexes [PtHCl2(C3H5)L] are predicted to have high activation energies. The isomerisation of [PtCl2(C3H6)L2] to the ylide complex [PtCl2{CH(L)CH2CH3)L] is instead predicted to occur after cleavage of a Pt–C bond to give an intermediate that can be considered as a corner platinated cyclopropane, leading to 1,3-hydrogen transfer without a hydridoplatinum intermediate. The reaction of [PtCl2{CH(L)CH2CH3}L] to give the alkene complex [PtCl2(CH2 = CHCH3)L] involves dissociation of the C–L bond followed by a 2,1-hydrogen transfer. The selectivity of related reactions from phenylcyclopropane follows naturally from these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Puddephatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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17
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Spectroscopic characterisation of Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst and its p-cresol derivatives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Nienałtowski T, Krzesiński P, Baumert ME, Skoczeń A, Suska-Kauf E, Pawłowska J, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. 4-Methyltetrahydropyran as a Convenient Alternative Solvent for Olefin Metathesis Reaction: Model Studies and Medicinal Chemistry Applications. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:18215-18223. [PMID: 33344098 PMCID: PMC7739489 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of metathesis reactions were successfully conducted in 4-methyltetrahydropyran, including both standard model dienes, as well as more complex substrates, such as analogues of biologically active compounds and active pharmaceutical ingredients. To place this solvent in a context of pharmaceutical R + D, larger-scale syntheses of SUAM 1221, a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor with potential application in Alzheimer disease treatment, and a derivative of sildenafil, an analogue of the popular Viagra drug, were executed. In the latter case, despite all the setup being made in air, the metathesis reaction at a 33 g scale proceeded very well with relatively low catalyst loading and without need of aqueous workup or column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Nienałtowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Pharmaceutical
Works Polpharma SA, Pelplińska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Paweł Krzesiński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcel E. Baumert
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Skoczeń
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Suska-Kauf
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Pawłowska
- Pharmaceutical
Works Polpharma SA, Pelplińska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Nascimento DL, Reim I, Foscato M, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Challenging Metathesis Catalysts with Nucleophiles and Brønsted Base: Examining the Stability of State-of-the-Art Ruthenium Carbene Catalysts to Attack by Amines. ACS Catal 2020; 10:11623-11633. [PMID: 33123412 PMCID: PMC7587145 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Critical to advancing the uptake of olefin metathesis in leading contexts, including pharmaceutical manufacturing, is identification of highly active catalysts that resist decomposition. Amines constitute an aggressive challenge to ruthenium metathesis catalysts. Examined here is the impact of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), morpholine, n-butylamine, and triethylamine on Ru metathesis catalysts that represent the current state of the art, including cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. Accordingly, the amine-tolerance of the nitro-Grela catalyst RuCl2(H2IMes)(=CHAr) (nG; Ar = C6H4-2-O i Pr-5-NO2) is compared with that of its CAAC analogues nGC1 and nGC2, and the Hoveyda-class catalyst RuCl2(C2)(=CHAr') HC2 (Ar' = C6H4-2-O i Pr). In C1, the carbene carbon is flanked by an N-2,6-Et2C6H3 group and a CMePh quaternary carbon; in C2, by an N-2- i Pr-6-MeC6H3 group and a CMe2 quaternary carbon. The impact of 1 equiv amine per Ru on turnover numbers (TONs) in ring-closing metathesis of diethyl diallylmalonate was assessed at 9 ppm Ru, at RT and 70 °C. The deleterious impact of amines followed the trend NEt3 ∼ NH2 n Bu ≪ DBU ∼ morpholine. Morpholine is shown to decompose nGC1 by nucleophilic abstraction of the methylidene ligand; DBU, by proton abstraction from the metallacyclobutane. Decomposition was minimized at 70 °C, at which nGC1 enabled TONs of ca. 60 000 even in the presence of morpholine or DBU, vs ca. 80 000 in the absence of base. Unexpectedly, H2IMes catalyst nG delivered 70-90% of the performance of nGC1 at high temperatures, and underwent decomposition by Brønsted base at a similar rate. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis shows that this similarity is due to comparable net electron donation by the H2IMes and C1 ligands. Catalysts bearing the smaller C2 ligand were comparatively insensitive to amines, owing to rapid, preferential bimolecular decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Immanuel Reim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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20
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Heidrich M, Plenio H. Efficient [(NHC)Au(NTf 2)]-catalyzed hydrohydrazidation of terminal and internal alkynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2080-2086. [PMID: 32952724 PMCID: PMC7476583 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient hydrohydrazidation of terminal (6a–r, 18 examples, 0.1–0.2 mol % [(NHC)Au(NTf2)], T = 60 °C) and internal alkynes (7a–j, 10 examples, 0.2–0.5 mol % [(NHC)Au(NTf2)], T = 60–80 °C) utilizing a complex with a sterically demanding bispentiptycenyl-substituted NHC ligand and the benign reaction solvent anisole, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximillian Heidrich
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Herbert Plenio
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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21
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Foster JC, Grocott MC, Arkinstall LA, Varlas S, Redding MJ, Grayson SM, O’Reilly RK. It is Better with Salt: Aqueous Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization at Neutral pH. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13878-13885. [PMID: 32673484 PMCID: PMC7426906 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is a powerful tool for polymer synthesis under environmentally friendly conditions, functionalization of biomacromolecules, and preparation of polymeric nanoparticles via ROMP-induced self-assembly (ROMPISA). Although new water-soluble Ru-based metathesis catalysts have been developed and evaluated for their efficiency in mediating cross metathesis (CM) and ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reactions, little is known with regards to their catalytic activity and stability during aqueous ROMP. Here, we investigate the influence of solution pH, the presence of salt additives, and catalyst loading on ROMP monomer conversion and catalyst lifetime. We find that ROMP in aqueous media is particularly sensitive to chloride ion concentration and propose that this sensitivity originates from chloride ligand displacement by hydroxide or H2O at the Ru center, which reversibly generates an unstable and metathesis inactive complex. The formation of this Ru-(OH)n complex not only reduces monomer conversion and catalyst lifetime but also influences polymer microstructure. However, we find that the addition of chloride salts dramatically improves ROMP conversion and control. By carrying out aqueous ROMP in the presence of various chloride sources such as NaCl, KCl, or tetrabutylammonium chloride, we show that diblock copolymers can be readily synthesized via ROMPISA in solutions with high concentrations of neutral H2O (i.e., 90 v/v%) and relatively low concentrations of catalyst (i.e., 1 mol %). The capability to conduct aqueous ROMP at neutral pH is anticipated to enable new research avenues, particularly for applications in biological media, where the unique characteristics of ROMP provide distinct advantages over other polymerization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C. Foster
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Marcus C. Grocott
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Lucy A. Arkinstall
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - McKenna J. Redding
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Scott M. Grayson
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
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22
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Abstract
Ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts are one of the most commonly used class of catalysts. There are multiple reviews on their uses in various branches of chemistry and other sciences but a detailed review of their decomposition is missing, despite a large number of recent and important advances in this field. In particular, in the last five years several new mechanism of decomposition, both olefin-driven as well as induced by external agents, have been suggested and used to explain differences in the decomposition rates and the metathesis activities of both standard, N-heterocyclic carbene-based systems and the recently developed cyclic alkyl amino carbene-containing complexes. Here we present a review which explores the last 30 years of the decomposition studied on ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst driven by both intrinsic features of such catalysts as well as external chemicals.
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23
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Self-assembled nanostructures from amphiphilic block copolymers prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Jawiczuk M, Młodzikowska-Pieńko K, Trzaskowski B. Impact of the olefin structure on the catalytic cycle and decomposition rates of Hoveyda-Grubbs metathesis catalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13062-13069. [PMID: 32478784 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A relatively fast degradation of ruthenium catalysts in the presence of selected olefins, and ethylene in particular, is one of the bottlenecks in their use in metathesis reactions. Here we explore the structure-activity relationships between the rate of degradation of Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts and the structure of olefins by means of DFT calculations. We show that (Z)-1,2-dichloroethene can't form stable complexes with a 14-electron active complex due to a strong inductive electron withdrawal effect. Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts can be, however, used to convert (Z)-1,2-dichloroethene to (E)-1,2-dichloroethene due to differences in crucial barriers in the catalytic cycle for E/Z isomers. Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts in the presence of both isomers of 1,2-dimethoxyethene and 1,2-dichloroethene are predicted to be very stable in the unproductive metathesis, while for monosubstituted olefins the methoxyethene presence gives relatively low barriers for crucial degradation transition states and can readily undergo decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jawiczuk
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
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25
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Smit W, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, Jensen VR. Ethylene-Triggered Formation of Ruthenium Alkylidene from Decomposed Catalyst. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wietse Smit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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26
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Engl PS, Tsygankov A, De Jesus Silva J, Lange J, Copéret C, Togni A, Fedorov A. Acrylate Esters by Ethenolysis of Maleate Esters with Ru Metathesis Catalysts: an HTE and a Technoeconomic Study. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal S. Engl
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Tsygankov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova str. 28 RU 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Jordan De Jesus Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jean‐Paul Lange
- Shell Research and Technology Center Amsterdam Grasweg 31 NL-1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Sustainable Process TechnologyUniversity of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 NL-7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich Leonhardstrasse 21 CH-8092 Zürich Switzerland
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27
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Dąbrowski M, Wyrębek P, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Grela K. In a Quest for Selectivity Paired with Activity: A Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst Bearing an Unsymmetrical Phenanthrene‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Chemistry 2020; 26:3782-3794. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Dąbrowski
- Laboratory of Organometallic SynthesisBiological and Chemical Research CentreFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Przemysław Wyrębek
- Laboratory of Organometallic SynthesisBiological and Chemical Research CentreFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Laboratory of CrystallochemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Laboratory of CrystallochemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Laboratory of Organometallic SynthesisBiological and Chemical Research CentreFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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28
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Goudreault AY, Walden DM, Nascimento DL, Botti AG, Steinmann SN, Michel C, Fogg DE. Hydroxide-Induced Degradation of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts: A Challenge for Metathesis in Alkaline Media. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Y. Goudreault
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Daniel M. Walden
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratorie de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adrian G. Botti
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephan N. Steinmann
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratorie de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Carine Michel
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratorie de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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29
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Monty OBC, Nyshadham P, Bohren KM, Palaniappan M, Matzuk MM, Young DW, Simmons N. Homogeneous and Functional Group Tolerant Ring-Closing Metathesis for DNA-Encoded Chemical Libraries. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:80-88. [PMID: 31913011 PMCID: PMC7014401 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.9b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reaction heterogeneity, poor pH control, and catalyst decomposition in the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) of DNA-chemical conjugates lead to poor yields of the cyclized products. Herein we address these issues with a RCM reaction system that includes a novel aqueous solvent combination to enable reaction homogeneity, an acidic buffer system which masks traditionally problematic functional groups, and a decomposition-resistant catalyst which maximizes conversion to the cyclized product. Additionally, we provide a systematic study of the substrate scope of the on-DNA RCM reaction, a demonstration of its applicability to a single-substrate DNA-encoded chemical library that includes sequencing analysis, and the first successful stapling of an unprotected on-DNA [i, i+4] peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier B. C. Monty
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pranavanand Nyshadham
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Kurt M. Bohren
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Murugesan Palaniappan
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Martin M. Matzuk
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Damian W. Young
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Nicholas Simmons
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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30
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Jawiczuk M, Młodzikowska-Pieńko K, Osella S, Trzaskowski B. Molecular Modeling of Mechanisms of Decomposition of Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts by Acrylonitrile. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jawiczuk
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Młodzikowska-Pieńko
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Silvio Osella
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
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31
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Nascimento DL, Fogg DE. Origin of the Breakthrough Productivity of Ruthenium–Cyclic Alkyl Amino Carbene Catalysts in Olefin Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19236-19240. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ontario, Canada
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ontario, Canada
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32
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Ton SJ, Fogg DE. The Impact of Oxygen on Leading and Emerging Ru-Carbene Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis: An Unanticipated Correlation Between Robustness and Metathesis Activity. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Ton
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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33
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Gordon CP, Raynaud C, Andersen RA, Copéret C, Eisenstein O. Carbon-13 NMR Chemical Shift: A Descriptor for Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Organometallic Compounds. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2278-2289. [PMID: 31339693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal-bonded carbon atoms in metal-alkyl, metal-carbene/alkylidene, and metal-carbyne/alkylidyne species often show significantly more deshielded isotropic chemical shifts than their organic counterparts (alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes). While isotropic chemical shift is universally used to characterize a chemical compound in solution, it is an average value of the three principal components of the chemical shift tensor (δ11 > δ22 > δ33). The tensor components, which are accessible by solid-state NMR spectroscopy, can provide detailed information about the electronic structure (frontier molecular orbitals) at the observed nuclei. This information can be accessed in detail by quantum chemical calculations, most notably by an analysis of the paramagnetic contribution to the NMR shielding tensor. The paramagnetic term mainly results from the coupling of occupied and empty molecular orbitals close in energy-the frontier molecular orbitals-under the effect of the external magnetic field (B0). In organometallic compounds, a large deshielding of the isotropic carbon-13 chemical shift of the metal-bonded carbon atom is commonly related to the coupling between the occupied σM-C orbital and low-lying vacant orbitals of πM═C* character. The deshielding at the α-carbon hence probes the extent of σM-C and πM═C* interactions. This molecular orbital view readily explains the strong deshielding and large anisotropy (evidenced by the span Ω = δ11 - δ33) observed in metal alkylidenes and alkylidynes (200 < δiso < 400 ppm). Fischer carbenes are generally more deshielded than Schrock or Grubbs alkylidenes due to their low-lying πM═C* orbital. Chemical shift hence shows their higher electrophilic character, connecting NMR spectroscopy to reactivity patterns. Similarly, the α-carbon of metal-alkyls display deshielded chemical shifts in specific coordination environments. This deshielding, which is often prominently pronounced for cationic species, indicates the presence of partial π-bond character in the metal-carbon bond, making these bonds topologically equivalent to alkylidene π-bonds. The π-character in metal-alkyl bonds favors (i) α-H abstraction processes in metal bis-alkyl compounds yielding metal alkylidenes, (ii) [2 + 2]-retrocyclization of metallacyclobutanes that participate in olefin metathesis, (iii) olefin insertion in cationic metal alkyls thus explaining polymerization activity trends and the importance of α-H agostic interactions, and (iv) C-H bond activation on metal-alkyls via σ-bond metathesis. The presence of π-character in the metal-carbon bonds involved in these processes rationalizes the parallel reactivity patterns of metal-alkyls toward olefin insertion and σ-bond metathesis and the fact that σ-bond metathesis, olefin insertion, and olefin metathesis are commonly observed with metal atoms in the same ligand field. Because of the similarities in the frontier molecular orbitals involved in these processes, these reactions can be viewed as isolobal. This explains why certain fragments, such as bent metallocenes (d0 Cp2M) or T-shaped L3M, are ubiquitous in these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P. Gordon
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg. 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg. 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- ICGM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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34
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Bidal YD, Urbina-Blanco CA, Poater A, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Cavallo L, Cazin CSJ. Electronic effects in mixed N-heterocyclic carbene/phosphite indenylidene ruthenium metathesis catalysts. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11326-11337. [PMID: 31273362 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01811e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Five new complexes [RuCl2(SIMes)(Ind)(O-pXC5H4)] bearing different para-substituted triphenylphosphites (X = H, OCH3, CF3, Cl, SF5 and CN) were synthesised and used to study the effect of the electronic properties of the phosphite on olefin metathesis activity. Investigations of the physical properties of the new ligands and complexes were performed using physicochemical and DFT calculations. The catalytic activity of the complexes was benchmarked in challenging ring closing metathesis transformations featuring the formation of tetra-substituted double bonds. Complex [RuCl2(SIMes)(Ind)P(O-pCF3C5H4)3] (3c) exhibited a particularly high catalytic activity, superior to state-of-the-art catalysts, and was further tested on a wide range of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick D Bidal
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - César A Urbina-Blanco
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK and Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David B Cordes
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine S J Cazin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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35
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Dutta M, Bania KK, Pratihar S. Remote ‘Imidazole’ Based Ruthenium(II)
p
‐Cymene Precatalyst for Selective Oxidative Cleavage of C−C Multiple Bonds. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manali Dutta
- Department of Chemical SciencesTezpur University, Napaam Assam-784028 India
| | - Kusum Kumar Bania
- Department of Chemical SciencesTezpur University, Napaam Assam-784028 India
| | - Sanjay Pratihar
- Department of Chemical SciencesTezpur University, Napaam Assam-784028 India
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36
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Peschek N, Wannowius KJ, Plenio H. The Initiation Reaction of Hoveyda–Grubbs Complexes with Ethene. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Peschek
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Klaus-Jürgen Wannowius
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Herbert Plenio
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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37
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Espinal-Viguri M, Varela-Izquierdo V, Miloserdov FM, Riddlestone IM, Mahon MF, Whittlesey MK. Heterobimetallic ruthenium–zinc complexes with bulky N-heterocyclic carbenes: syntheses, structures and reactivity. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4176-4189. [PMID: 30816897 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05023f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Addition of ZnMe2 to cationic and neutral ruthenium hydride complexes bearing NHC ligands affords new Ru–Zn heterobimetallic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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38
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Małecki P, Gajda K, Gajda R, Woźniak K, Trzaskowski B, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Specialized Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing Bulky Unsymmetrical NHC Ligands: Computations, Synthesis, and Application. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Małecki
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gajda
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Roman Gajda
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | | | | | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
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39
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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40
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Rufh SA, Goudreault AY, Foscato M, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Rapid Decomposition of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts by a Truncated N-Heterocyclic Carbene: Efficient Catalyst Quenching and N-Heterocyclic Carbene Vinylation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Rufh
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Alexandre Y. Goudreault
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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41
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Smoleń M, Kośnik W, Gajda R, Woźniak K, Skoczeń A, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Ruthenium Complexes Bearing Thiophene‐Based Unsymmetrical
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands as Selective Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis in Toluene and Environmentally Friendly 2‐Methyltetrahydrofuran. Chemistry 2018; 24:15372-15379. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Smoleń
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Wioletta Kośnik
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Roman Gajda
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Aleksandra Skoczeń
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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42
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Chan KW, Lam E, D'Anna V, Allouche F, Michel C, Safonova OV, Sautet P, Copéret C. C-H Activation and Proton Transfer Initiate Alkene Metathesis Activity of the Tungsten(IV)-Oxo Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11395-11401. [PMID: 30110534 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In alkene metathesis, while group 6 (Mo or W) high-oxidation state alkylidenes are accepted to be key reaction intermediates for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, it has been proposed that low valent species in their +4 oxidation state can serve as precatalysts. However, the activation mechanism for these latter species-generating alkylidenes-is still an open question. Here, we report the syntheses of tungsten(IV)-oxo bisalkoxide molecular complexes stabilized by pyridine ligands, WO(OR)2py3 (R = CMe(CF3)2 (2a), R = Si(O tBu)3 (2b), and R = C(CF3)3 (2c); py = pyridine), and show that upon activation with B(C6F5)3 they display alkene metathesis activities comparable to W(VI)-oxo alkylidenes. The initiation mechanism is examined by kinetic, isotope labeling and computational studies. Experimental evidence reveals that the presence of an allylic CH group in the alkene reactant is crucial for initiating alkene metathesis. Deuterium labeling of the allylic C-H group shows a primary kinetic isotope effect on the rate of initiation. DFT calculations support the formation of an allyl hydride intermediate via activation of the allylic C-H bond and show that formation of the metallacyclobutane from the allyl "hydride" involves a proton transfer facilitated by the coordination of a Lewis acid (B(C6F5)3) and assisted by a Lewis base (pyridine). This proton transfer step is rate determining and yields the metathesis active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wing Chan
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Erwin Lam
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Vincenza D'Anna
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie , F-69342 Lyon , France
| | - Florian Allouche
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Carine Michel
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie , F-69342 Lyon , France
| | | | - Philippe Sautet
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie , F-69342 Lyon , France.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
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43
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Sytniczuk A, Forcher G, Grotjahn DB, Grela K. Sequential Alkene Isomerization and Ring-Closing Metathesis in Production of Macrocyclic Musks from Biomass. Chemistry 2018; 24:10403-10408. [PMID: 29931831 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report successful utilization of sequential alkene isomerization and ring-closing metathesis of dec-9-enoic acid based dienes in synthesis of macrocyclic lactones that possess a strong scent of musk. This catalytic sequence was essential to trim the chain length of starting dienes to yield macrocycles of the right size. Dec-9-enoic acid is conveniently obtainable from oleic esters by Ru-catalysed ethenolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sytniczuk
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gwénaël Forcher
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Douglas B Grotjahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California, 92182-1030, USA
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, P.O. Box 58, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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44
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Sytniczuk A, Dąbrowski M, Banach Ł, Urban M, Czarnocka-Śniadała S, Milewski M, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. At Long Last: Olefin Metathesis Macrocyclization at High Concentration. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8895-8901. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sytniczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Banach
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Urban
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Czarnocka-Śniadała
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Milewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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45
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Bailey GA, Foscato M, Higman CS, Day CS, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Bimolecular Coupling as a Vector for Decomposition of Fast-Initiating Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6931-6944. [PMID: 29652496 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The correlation between rapid initiation and rapid decomposition in olefin metathesis is probed for a series of fast-initiating, phosphine-free Ru catalysts: the Hoveyda catalyst HII, RuCl2(L)(═CHC6H4- o-O iPr); the Grela catalyst nG (a derivative of HII with a nitro group para to O iPr); the Piers catalyst PII, [RuCl2(L)(═CHPCy3)]OTf; the third-generation Grubbs catalyst GIII, RuCl2(L)(py)2(═CHPh); and dianiline catalyst DA, RuCl2(L)( o-dianiline)(═CHPh), in all of which L = H2IMes = N,N'-bis(mesityl)imidazolin-2-ylidene. Prior studies of ethylene metathesis have established that various Ru metathesis catalysts can decompose by β-elimination of propene from the metallacyclobutane intermediate RuCl2(H2IMes)(κ2-C3H6), Ru-2. The present work demonstrates that in metathesis of terminal olefins, β-elimination yields only ca. 25-40% propenes for HII, nG, PII, or DA, and none for GIII. The discrepancy is attributed to competing decomposition via bimolecular coupling of methylidene intermediate RuCl2(H2IMes)(═CH2), Ru-1. Direct evidence for methylidene coupling is presented, via the controlled decomposition of transiently stabilized adducts of Ru-1, RuCl2(H2IMes)Ln(═CH2) (Ln = py n'; n' = 1, 2, or o-dianiline). These adducts were synthesized by treating in situ-generated metallacyclobutane Ru-2 with pyridine or o-dianiline, and were isolated by precipitating at low temperature (-116 or -78 °C, respectively). On warming, both undergo methylidene coupling, liberating ethylene and forming RuCl2(H2IMes)Ln. A mechanism is proposed based on kinetic studies and molecular-level computational analysis. Bimolecular coupling emerges as an important contributor to the instability of Ru-1, and a potentially major pathway for decomposition of fast-initiating, phosphine-free metathesis catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A Bailey
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Carolyn S Higman
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Craig S Day
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Vidar R Jensen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Deryn E Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
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46
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Remya PR, Suresh CH. Grubbs and Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts for pyridine derivative synthesis: Probing the mechanistic pathways using DFT. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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47
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Khazipov OV, Shevchenko MA, Chernenko AY, Astakhov AV, Pasyukov DV, Eremin DB, Zubavichus YV, Khrustalev VN, Chernyshev VM, Ananikov VP. Fast and Slow Release of Catalytically Active Species in Metal/NHC Systems Induced by Aliphatic Amines. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V. Khazipov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Maxim A. Shevchenko
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Andrey Yu. Chernenko
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Astakhov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Pasyukov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Eremin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yan V. Zubavichus
- National Research Center, “Kurchatov Institute”, Acad. Kurchatov Sq. 1, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Victor N. Khrustalev
- National Research Center, “Kurchatov Institute”, Acad. Kurchatov Sq. 1, Moscow, 123182, Russia
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Victor M. Chernyshev
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenya 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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48
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Esteruelas MA, Gay MP, Oñate E. Conceptual Extension of the Degradation–Transformation of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Unusual Rearrangements on Osmium. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Pilar Gay
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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49
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Higman CS, Nascimento DL, Ireland BJ, Audörsch S, Bailey GA, McDonald R, Fogg DE. Chelate-Assisted Ring-Closing Metathesis: A Strategy for Accelerating Macrocyclization at Ambient Temperatures. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1604-1607. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn S. Higman
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Benjamin J. Ireland
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Stephan Audörsch
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Gwendolyn A. Bailey
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-Ray
Crystallography Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
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50
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Hughes D, Wheeler P, Ene D. Olefin Metathesis in Drug Discovery and Development—Examples from Recent Patent Literature. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Hughes
- Cidara Therapeutics, 6310 Nancy
Ridge Drive, STE 101, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Philip Wheeler
- Materia, Inc., 60 N San Gabriel
Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91107, United States
| | - Doina Ene
- Materia, Inc., 60 N San Gabriel
Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91107, United States
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