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Jia J, Metzkow N, Park SM, Wu YL, Sample AD, Diloknawarit B, Jung I, Odom TW. Spike Growth on Patterned Gold Nanoparticle Scaffolds. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 38048438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a scaffold-templated, bottom-up synthesis of 3D anisotropic nanofeatures on periodic arrays of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Our method relies on substrate-bound AuNPs as large seeds with hemispherical shapes and smooth surfaces after the thermal annealing of as-fabricated particles. Spiky features were grown by immersing the patterned AuNPs into a growth solution consisting of a gold salt and Good's buffer; the number and length of spikes could be tuned by changing the solution pH and buffer concentration. Intermediate structures that informed the growth mechanism were characterized as a function of time by correlating the optical properties and spike features. Large-area (cm2) spiky AuNP arrays exhibited surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enhancement that was associated with increased numbers of high-aspect-ratio spikes formed on the AuNP seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nadia Metzkow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sang-Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuhao Leo Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alexander D Sample
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bundit Diloknawarit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Insub Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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2
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Eller MJ, Sandoval JM, Verkhoturov SV, Schweikert EA. Nanoprojectile Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Nanometrology of Nanoparticles and Their Interfaces. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7868-7876. [PMID: 35594187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale molecular characterization plays a crucial role in enhancing our insights into fundamental and materials processes occurring at the nanoscale. However, for many traditional techniques, measurements on different ensembles are mixed and the analytical result reflects the average surface composition or arrangement. Advances in nanometrologies that allow for measurements to be differentiated based on the chemical environment examined are critical for accurate analysis. Here, we present a variant of secondary ion mass spectrometry, SIMS, termed nanoprojectile SIMS, NP-SIMS, capable of nanoscale molecular analysis. The technique examines the sample with a suite, 106-107, of individual gold nanoprojectiles (e.g., Au4004+) which stochastically probe the surface. Analysis of coemitted ions from each impact allows for the inspection of colocalized moieties within the ejected volume of a single projectile impact (10-15 nm in diameter). If some of these 106-107 measurements arise from nanodomains of similar composition, data can be grouped based on the detected secondary ions. We applied the method to examine a mixture of three different-sized nanoparticles with identical metal cores (3-5 nm in diameter), differing in the length of the attached ligand (decanetiol, tetradecanethiol, and hexadecanethiol). Using NP-SIMS, we determined the relative abundance of the three particles on the surface and isolated measurements based on the impact parameter between the impacting nanoprojectile and the surface particle, demonstrating that measurements occurring near the center of the particle can be differentiated from those at the particle-particle and particle-substrate interfaces. The results suggest that the described methodology is well-suited for molecular analysis of nanoassemblies and may be applied for tracking defects. Here we demonstrate that, using NP-SIMS, ensemble averaging can be avoided and molecular analysis can be undertaken at a scale below 5 nm, allowing for nanoscale molecular analysis of nano-objects and their interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jesse M Sandoval
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Emile A Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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3
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Choo P, Arenas-Esteban D, Jung I, Chang WJ, Weiss EA, Bals S, Odom TW. Investigating Reaction Intermediates during the Seedless Growth of Gold Nanostars Using Electron Tomography. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4408-4414. [PMID: 35239309 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Good's buffers can act both as nucleating and shape-directing agents during the synthesis of anisotropic gold nanostars (AuNS). Although different Good's buffers can produce AuNS shapes with branches that are oriented along specific crystallographic directions, the mechanism is not fully understood. This paper reports how an analysis of the intermediate structures during AuNS synthesis from HEPES, EPPS, and MOPS Good's buffers can provide insight into the formation of seedless AuNS. Electron tomography of AuNS structures quenched at early times (minutes) was used to characterize the morphology of the incipient seeds, and later times were used to construct the growth maps. Through this approach, we identified how the crystallinity and shape of the first structures synthesized with different Good's buffers determine the final AuNS morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Daniel Arenas-Esteban
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Insub Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Woo Je Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Emily A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Andreiuk B, Nicolson F, Clark LM, Panikkanvalappil SR, Kenry, Rashidian M, Harmsen S, Kircher MF. Design and synthesis of gold nanostars-based SERS nanotags for bioimaging applications. Nanotheranostics 2022; 6:10-30. [PMID: 34976578 PMCID: PMC8671966 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.61244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanotags hold a unique place among bioimaging contrast agents due to their fingerprint-like spectra, which provide one of the highest degrees of detection specificity. However, in order to achieve a sufficiently high signal intensity, targeting capabilities, and biocompatibility, all components of nanotags must be rationally designed and tailored to a specific application. Design parameters include fine-tuning the properties of the plasmonic core as well as optimizing the choice of Raman reporter molecule, surface coating, and targeting moieties for the intended application. This review introduces readers to the principles of SERS nanotag design and discusses both established and emerging protocols of their synthesis, with a specific focus on the construction of SERS nanotags in the context of bioimaging and theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Andreiuk
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fay Nicolson
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Louise M. Clark
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Kenry
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stefan Harmsen
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Moritz F. Kircher
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 022115, USA
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5
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Ortiz-Castillo JE, Gallo-Villanueva RC, Madou MJ, Perez-Gonzalez VH. Anisotropic gold nanoparticles: A survey of recent synthetic methodologies. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Trivedi DJ, Barrow B, Schatz GC. Understanding the chemical contribution to the enhancement mechanism in SERS: Connection with Hammett parameters. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:124706. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0023359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dhara J. Trivedi
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Ave., Potsdam, New York 13699, USA
| | - Brendan Barrow
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Ave., Potsdam, New York 13699, USA
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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7
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Polymer Lamellae as Reaction Intermediates in the Formation of Copper Nanospheres as Evidenced by In Situ X‐ray Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Mantella V, Strach M, Frank K, Pankhurst JR, Stoian D, Gadiyar C, Nickel B, Buonsanti R. Polymer Lamellae as Reaction Intermediates in the Formation of Copper Nanospheres as Evidenced by In Situ X-ray Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11627-11633. [PMID: 32315499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The classical nucleation theory (CNT) is the most common theoretical framework used to explain particle formation. However, nucleation is a complex process with reaction pathways which are often not covered by the CNT. Herein, we study the formation mechanism of copper nanospheres using in situ X-ray absorption and scattering measurements. We reveal that their nucleation involves coordination polymer lamellae as pre-nucleation structures occupying a local minimum in the reaction energy landscape. Having learned this, we achieved a superior monodispersity for Cu nanospheres of different sizes. This report exemplifies the importance of developing a more realistic picture of the mechanism involved in the formation of inorganic nanoparticles to develop a rational approach to their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mantella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Michal Strach
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Kilian Frank
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanoscience (CeNs), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany
| | - James R Pankhurst
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Dragos Stoian
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Chethana Gadiyar
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Bert Nickel
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanoscience (CeNs), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
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Strach M, Mantella V, Pankhurst JR, Iyengar P, Loiudice A, Das S, Corminboeuf C, van Beek W, Buonsanti R. Insights into Reaction Intermediates to Predict Synthetic Pathways for Shape-Controlled Metal Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16312-16322. [PMID: 31542922 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding nucleation phenomena is crucial across all branches of physical and natural sciences. Colloidal nanocrystals are among the most versatile and tunable synthetic nanomaterials. While huge steps have been made in their synthetic development, synthesis by design is still impeded by the lack of knowledge of reaction mechanisms. Here, we report on the investigation of the reaction intermediates in high temperature syntheses of copper nanocrystals by a variety of techniques, including X-ray absorption at a synchrotron source using a customized in situ cell. We reveal unique insights into the chemical nature of the reaction intermediates and into their role in determining the final shape of the metal nanocrystals. Overall, this study highlights the importance of understanding the chemistry behind nucleation as a key parameter to predict synthetic pathways for shape-controlled nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Strach
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
| | - Valeria Mantella
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
| | - James R Pankhurst
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
| | - Pranit Iyengar
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
| | - Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design (LCMD), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Wouter van Beek
- The Swiss-Norwegian Beamline (SNBL)-ESRF CS40220 , 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Department of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland
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Eller MJ, Chandra K, Coughlin EE, Odom TW, Schweikert EA. Label Free Particle-by-Particle Quantification of DNA Loading on Sorted Gold Nanostars. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5566-5572. [PMID: 30932475 PMCID: PMC6896788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a label free technique for determining ligand loading on metal nanoparticles using a variant of secondary ion mass spectrometry. Au4004+ clusters bombard DNA-functionalized anisotropic gold nanostars and isotropic nanospheres with similar surface areas to determine ligand density. For each projectile impact, co-localized molecules within the emission area of a single impact (diameter of 10-15 nm) were examined for each particle. Individual nanoparticle analysis allows for determination of the relationship between particle geometry and DNA loading. We found that branched particles exhibited increased ligand density versus nanospheres and determined that positive and neutral curvature could facilitate additional loading. This methodology can be applied to optimize loading for any ligand-core interaction independent of nanoparticle core, ligand, or attachment chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kavita Chandra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Emma E. Coughlin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Teri W. Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Emile A. Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Phiri MM, Mulder DW, Vorster BC. Seedless gold nanostars with seed-like advantages for biosensing applications. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181971. [PMID: 30891302 PMCID: PMC6408411 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostars (AuNSs) are seen as promising building blocks for biosensors with potential for easy readouts based on naked-eye and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy detection. We present a seedless synthesis strategy for AuNSs that has the advantages of the seeded methods. The method used ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and silver nitrate as an anisotropic growth control assisting agent. AuNSs with multiple branches and a diameter of 59 nm were produced. They showed good stability when capped with PVP and modified with an enzyme in relatively strong ionic conditions. We investigated their application in plasmonic sensing by modifying them with glucose oxidase and detection of glucose. The AuNSs were found to be a good scaffold for the enzyme, proved to be stable and sensitive as transducers. Thus, the AuNSs showed good promise for further applications in plasmonic biosensing for in vivo biomedical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masauso Moses Phiri
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, North-West University, P/Bag X6001, Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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