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King AJ, Goicoechea JM. Ligand Centered Reactivity of a Transition Metal Bound Geometrically Constrained Phosphine. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400624. [PMID: 38436534 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The electronic properties, coordination chemistry and reactivity of metal complexes of a planar (C2v symmetric) acridane-derived geometrically constrained phosphine, P(NNN), are described. On complexation to metal centers, the phosphine was found to adopt a distorted trigonal pyramidal structure with a high barrier to pyramidal inversion (22.3 kcal/mol at 298 K for Au[P(NNN)]Cl). Spectroscopic data and theoretical calculations carried out at the density functional level of theory indicate that P(NNN) is a moderate σ-donor, with significant π-acceptor properties. Despite the distortion undergone by the phosphorus atom on coordination to metal centers, the P(NNN) ligand retains its ability to react with small molecule substrates with polar E-H bonds (MeOH, NH2Ph, NH3). It does so in a concerted fashion across one of the P-N bonds, and reversibly in the case of amine substrates. This cooperative bond activation chemistry may ultimately prove beneficial in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12, Mansfield Rd., Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, U.S.A
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2
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Coburger P, Buzanich AG, Emmerling F, Abbenseth J. Combining geometric constraint and redox non-innocence within an ambiphilic PBiP pincer ligand. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6036-6043. [PMID: 38665539 PMCID: PMC11040644 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00197d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the first pincer ligand featuring a strictly T-shaped group 15 element and its coordination behaviour towards transition metals is described. The platform is itself derived from a trianionic redox non-innocent NNN scaffold. In addition to providing a rigid coordination environment to constrain a Bi centre in a T-shaped geometry to manipulate its frontier molecular orbital constitution, the NNN chelate displays highly covalent bonding towards the geometrically constrained Bi centre. The formation of intriguing ambiphilic Bi-M bonding interactions is demonstrated upon formation of a pincer complex as well as a multimetallic cluster. All compounds are comprehensively characterised by spectroscopic methods including X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy and complemented by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Coburger
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Ana Guilherme Buzanich
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Josh Abbenseth
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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3
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Hannah TJ, Chitnis SS. Ligand-enforced geometric constraints and associated reactivity in p-block compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:764-792. [PMID: 38099873 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00765k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The geometry at an element centre can generally be predicted based on the number of electron pairs around it using valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. Strategies to distort p-block compounds away from these predicted geometries have gained considerable interest due to the unique structural outcomes, spectroscopic properties or reactivity patterns engendered by such distortion. This review presents an up-to-date group-wise summary of this exciting and rapidly growing field with a focus on understanding how the ligand employed unlocks structural features, which in turn influences the associated reactivity. Relevant geometrically constrained compounds from groups 13-16 are discussed, along with selected stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. Several areas for advancement in this field are also discussed. Collectively, this review advances the notion of geometric tuning as an important lever, alongside electronic and steric tuning, in controlling bonding and reactivity at p-block centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Hannah
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
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King AJ, Abbenseth J, Goicoechea JM. Reactivity of a Strictly T-Shaped Phosphine Ligated by an Acridane Derived NNN Pincer Ligand. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300818. [PMID: 37042718 PMCID: PMC10947599 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The steric tuning of a tridentate acridane-derived NNN pincer ligand allows for the isolation of a strictly T-shaped phosphine that exhibits ambiphilic reactivity. Well-defined phosphorus-centered reactivity towards nucleophiles and electrophiles is reported, contrasting with prior reports on this class of compounds. Reactions towards oxidants are also described. The latter result in the two-electron oxidation of the phosphorus atom from +III to +V and are accompanied by a strong geometric distortion of the NNN pincer ligand. By contrast, cooperative activation of E-H (HCl, HBcat, HOMe) bonds proceeds with retention of the phosphorus redox state. When using H2 O as a substrate, the reaction results in the full disassembly of H2 O to its constituent atoms, highlighting the potential of this platform for small molecule activation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. King
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Josh Abbenseth
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Institut für ChemieHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkland Ave.Bloomington, In47401USA
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5
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Bruch QJ, Tanushi A, Müller P, Radosevich AT. Metal-Ligand Role Reversal: Hydride-Transfer Catalysis by a Functional Phosphorus Ligand with a Spectator Metal. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21443-21447. [PMID: 36378626 PMCID: PMC9712262 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydride transfer catalysis is shown to be enabled by the nonspectator reactivity of a transition metal-bound low-symmetry tricoordinate phosphorus ligand. Complex 1·[Ru]+, comprising a nontrigonal phosphorus chelate (1, P(N(o-N(2-pyridyl)C6H4)2) and an inert metal fragment ([Ru] = (Me5C5)Ru), reacts with NaBH4 to give a metallohydridophosphorane (1H·[Ru]) by P-H bond formation. Complex 1H·[Ru] is revealed to be a potent hydride donor (ΔG°H-,exp < 41 kcal/mol, ΔG°H-,calc = 38 ± 2 kcal/mol in MeCN). Taken together, the reactivity of the 1·[Ru]+/1H·[Ru] pair comprises a catalytic couple, enabling catalytic hydrodechlorination in which phosphorus is the sole reactive site of hydride transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Akira Tanushi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T. Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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6
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Drance MJ, Tanushi A, Radosevich AT. Two-Site O-H Addition to an Iridium Complex Featuring a Nonspectator Tricoordinate Phosphorus Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20243-20248. [PMID: 36301929 PMCID: PMC9662588 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and reactivity of an ambiphilic iridium complex IrCl(PPh3)(L1) (1; L1 = P(N(o-N(2-pyridyl)C6H4)2)) featuring a chelating nontrigonal phosphorus triamide ligand is reported. The tandem Lewis basic Ir and Lewis acidic P of 1 achieve a two-site oxidative addition of phenol giving the iridaphenoxyphosphorane species IrHCl(PPh3)(L1OPh) (3'). In contrast, reactions of 1 with benzenethiol and benzeneselenol do not engage L1 and instead proceed via metal-centered oxidative addition of the chalcogen-hydrogen bond. These findings establish metal-ligand cooperation involving nonspectator reactivity of tricoordinate phosphorus ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander T. Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Pei M, Tian A, Yang Q, Huang N, Wang L, Li D. Organophosphorus catalytic reaction based on reduction of phosphine oxide. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Hollingsworth WM, Hill EA. Exploring the potential role of heavy pnictogen elements in ligand design for new metal-ligand cooperative chemistry. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2124863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Hollingsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - E. A. Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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9
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Ehrlich L, Gericke R, Brendler E, Wagler J. P-Ru-Complexes with a Chelate-Bridge-Switch: A Comparison of 2-Picolyl and 2-Pyridyloxy Moieties as Bridging Ligands. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092778. [PMID: 35566128 PMCID: PMC9103559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from [Ru(pyO)2(nbd)] 1 and a N,P,N-tridentate ligand (2a: PhP(pic)2, 2b: PhP(pyO)2) (nbd = 2,5-norbornadiene, pic = 2-picolyl = 2-pyridylmethyl, pyO = 2-pyridyloxy = pyridine-2-olate), the compounds [PhP(μ-pic)2(μ-pyO)Ru(κ2-pyO)] (3a) and [PhP(μ-pyO)3Ru(κ2-pyO)] (3b), respectively, were prepared. Reaction of compounds 3 with CO and CNtBu afforded the opening of the Ru(κ2-pyO) chelate motif with the formation of compounds [PhP(μ-pic)2(μ-pyO)Ru(κ-O-pyO)(CO)] (4a), [PhP(μ-pic)2(μ-pyO)2Ru(CNtBu)] (5a), [PhP(μ-pyO)4Ru(CO)] (4b) and [PhP(μ-pyO)4Ru(CNtBu)] (5b). In dichloromethane solution, 4a underwent a reaction with the solvent, i.e., substitution of the dangling pyO ligand by chloride with the formation of [PhP(μ-pic)2(μ-pyO)Ru(Cl)(CO)] (6a). The new complexes 3a, 4a, 5a, 5b and 6a were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and multi-nuclear (1H, 13C, 31P) NMR spectroscopy. The different coordination behaviors of related pairs of molecules (i.e., pairs of 3, 4 and 5), which depend on the nature of the P-Ru-bridging ligand moieties (μ-pic vs. μ-pyO), were also studied via computational analyses using QTAIM (quantum theory of atoms in molecules) and NBO (natural bond orbital) approaches, as well as the NCI (non-covalent interactions descriptor) for weak intramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ehrlich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany; (L.E.); (R.G.)
| | - Robert Gericke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany; (L.E.); (R.G.)
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf eV, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Erica Brendler
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany;
| | - Jörg Wagler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany; (L.E.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3731-39-4343
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Gordon BM, Lease N, Emge TJ, Hasanayn F, Goldman AS. Reactivity of Iridium Complexes of a Triphosphorus-Pincer Ligand Based on a Secondary Phosphine. Catalytic Alkane Dehydrogenation and the Origin of Extremely High Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4133-4146. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Nicholas Lease
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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11
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Mironov VF, Dimukhametov MN, Ivkova GA, Khayarov KR, Islamov DR, Litvinov IA. The formation of cage phosphoranes and their rearrangements in the reactions of substituted 2-(3-oxo-3-phenyl)ethoxybenzo[d]-1,3,2-dioxaphospholes with perfluorodiacetyl. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8516-8519. [PMID: 34352057 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02941j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Kukhtin-Ramirez reaction of 2-(3-oxo-3-phenyl)ethoxy-benzo[d]-1,3,2-dioxaphospholes with perfluorodiacetyl was monitored by NMR methods. To our surprise the initial stage involved a kinetically controlled [4+4]-cycloaddition with the formation of a cage phosphorane containing a 2',5',8',9'-tetraoxa-2λ5-phosphaspiro[benzo[d][1,3,2]dioxaphosphole-2,1'-bicyclo[4.2.1]nonan]-3'-ene (compound 5) scaffold. Intermediate 5 then converts to spirophosphorane-4',5'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2λ5-spiro[benzo[d] [1,3,2]dioxaphosphole-2-yl-2,2'-[1,3,2] dioxaphosphole (compound 4). Compound 4 further rearranges into a cage phosphorane derivative containing a [2,5]epoxybenzo[d][1,3,6,2]trioxaphosphocine] (compound 3) backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir F Mironov
- A.E.Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia.
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Zhu Q, Qiu R, Dong S, Zeng G, Zhu J. Predicting Dinitrogen Coupling with a Series of Small Molecules Catalyzed by a Pincer Complex. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2063-2067. [PMID: 34101364 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to consumption of more than 2% of the world's annual energy supply by Haber-Bosch process and the strongest triple bond (N≡N) in nature, directly coupling N2 with small molecules is particularly important and challenging, let alone in a catalytic fashion. Here we first demonstrate that a NNN-type pincer phosphorus complex could act as a catalyst to couple dinitrogen with a series of small molecules including carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, N-ethylidenemethylamine, and acetonitrile in the presence of diborane(4) under a mild condition by theoretical calculations. N2 fixation proceeds via a stepwise mechanism involving initial N2 activation by diborane(4), followed by intramolecular isomerization to a key intermediate (zwitterion). Such a zwitterion can be used to couple a series of small molecules with activation barriers of 23.5-25.2 kcal mol-1 . All these findings could be particularly useful for main group chemistry aimed at N2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Rulin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shicheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guixiang Zeng
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
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13
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Wang P, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Zeng G, Zhu J, Zhu C. Carbon-halogen bond activation by a structurally constrained phosphorus(III) platform. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Chang WC, Deufel F, Weyhermüller T, Farès C, Werlé C. Rhodium( i) complexes derived from tris(isopropyl)-azaphosphatrane—controlling the metal–ligand interplay. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37383-37391. [PMID: 35496436 PMCID: PMC9043836 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07126b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Proazaphosphatranes are intriguing ligand architectures comprising a bicyclic cage of flexible nature. They can undergo structural deformations due to transannulation while displaying modular electronic and steric properties. Herein, we report the synthesis and coordination chemistry of rhodium(i) complexes bearing a tris(isopropyl)-azaphosphatrane (TiPrAP) ligand. The molecular structure of the primary complex (1) revealed the insertion of the metal center into a P–N bond of the ligand. The addition of a Lewis acid, i.e., lithium chloride, promoted the dynamic behavior of the complex in the solution, which was studied by state-of-the-art NMR spectroscopy. Substituting the cyclooctadiene ligand at the metal center with triphenylphosphine or 2-pyridyldiphenylphosphine unveiled the adaptive nature of the TiPrAP backbone capable of switching its axial nitrogen from interacting with the phosphorus atom to coordinate the rhodium center. This led the entire ligand edifice to change its binding to rhodium from a bidentate to tridentate coordination. Altogether, our study shows that introducing a TiPrAP ligand allows for unique molecular control of the immediate environment of the metal center, opening perspectives in controlled bond activation and catalysis. The synthesis and coordination chemistry of Rh(i) complexes bearing a tris(isopropyl)-azaphosphatrane (TiPrAP) ligand are reported. The adaptive nature of TiPrAP ligands allows for molecular control of the immediate environment of the metal center.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Chang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Fritz Deufel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christophe Farès
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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15
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Moon HW, Maity A, Radosevich AT. Ancillary Tethering Influences σ3-P vs σ5-P Speciation and Enables Intermolecular S–H Oxidative Addition to Nontrigonal Phosphorus Compounds. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ayan Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T. Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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16
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Hwang SJ, Tanushi A, Radosevich AT. Enthalpy-Controlled Insertion of a "Nonspectator" Tricoordinate Phosphorus Ligand into Group 10 Transition Metal-Carbon Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21285-21291. [PMID: 33306370 PMCID: PMC7806272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Insertion of a tricoordinate phosphorus ligand into late metal-carbon bonds is reported. Metalation of a P^P-chelating ligand (L1), composed of a nontrigonal phosphorous (i.e., P(III)) triamide moiety, P(N(o-N(Ar)C6H4)2, tethered by a phenylene linker to a -PiPr2 anchor, with group 10 complexes L2M(Me)Cl (M = Ni, Pd) results in insertion of the nontrigonal phosphorus site into the metal-methyl bond. The stable methylmetallophosphorane compounds thus formed are characterized spectroscopically and crystallographically. Metalation of L1 with (cod)PtII(Me)(Cl) does not lead to a metallophosphorane but rather to the standard bisphosphine chelate (κ2-L1)Pt(Me)(Cl). These divergent reactivities within group 10 are rationalized by reference to periodic variation in M-C bond enthalpies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jun Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Akira Tanushi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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17
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te Grotenhuis C, Mattos JT, Radosevich AT. Addition reactions of a phosphorus triamide to nitrosoarenes and acylpyridines. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1804188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colet te Grotenhuis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jared T. Mattos
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Abbenseth J, Goicoechea JM. Recent developments in the chemistry of non-trigonal pnictogen pincer compounds: from bonding to catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9728-9740. [PMID: 34094237 PMCID: PMC8162179 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03819a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of well-established meridionally coordinating, tridentate pincer ligands with group 15 elements affords geometrically constrained non-trigonal pnictogen pincer compounds. These species show remarkable activity in challenging element-hydrogen bond scission reactions, such as the activation of ammonia. The electronic structures of these compounds and the implications they have on their electrochemical properties and transition metal coordination are described. Furthermore, stoichiometric and catalytic bond forming reactions involving B-H, N-H and O-H bonds as well as carbon nucleophiles are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Abbenseth
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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19
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Wang P, Zhang M, Zhu C. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of a Pincer-Type Aluminum(III) Complex. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, 226019 Nantong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Bruch QJ, Miller AJ. A bis(arylphosphinito)amide pincer ligand that binds nickel forming six-membered metallacycles. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Metal-Ligand Cooperativity of Phosphorus-Containing Pincer Systems. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Marczenko KM, Zurakowski JA, Kindervater MB, Jee S, Hynes T, Roberts N, Park S, Werner‐Zwanziger U, Lumsden M, Langelaan DN, Chitnis SS. Periodicity in Structure, Bonding, and Reactivity for p‐Block Complexes of a Geometry Constraining Triamide Ligand. Chemistry 2019; 25:16414-16424. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph A. Zurakowski
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Marcus B. Kindervater
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Samantha Jee
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Toren Hynes
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Nicholas Roberts
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Seoyeon Park
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | | | - Michael Lumsden
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - David N. Langelaan
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - Saurabh S. Chitnis
- Department of ChemistryDalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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23
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Cleveland GT, Radosevich AT. A Nontrigonal Tricoordinate Phosphorus Ligand Exhibiting Reversible "Nonspectator" L/X-Switching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15005-15009. [PMID: 31469492 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report here a "nonspectator" behavior for an unsupported L-function σ3 -P ligand (i.e. P{N[o-NMe-C6 H4 ]2 }, 1a) in complex with the cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl cation (Fp+ ). Treatment of 1a⋅Fp+ with [(Me2 N)3 S][Me3 SiF2 ] results in fluoride addition to the P-center, giving the isolable crystalline fluorometallophosphorane 1aF ⋅Fp that allows a crystallographic assessment of the variance in the Fe-P bond as a function of P-coordination number. The nonspectator reactivity of 1a⋅Fp+ is rationalized on the basis of electronic structure arguments and by comparison to trigonal analogue (Me2 N)3 P⋅Fp+ (i.e. 1b⋅Fp+ ), which is inert to fluoride addition. These observations establish a nonspectator L/X-switching in (σ3 -P)-M complexes by reversible access to higher-coordinate phosphorus ligand fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T Cleveland
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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24
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Cleveland GT, Radosevich AT. A Nontrigonal Tricoordinate Phosphorus Ligand Exhibiting Reversible “Nonspectator” L/X‐Switching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T. Cleveland
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Alexander T. Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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25
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Lee K, Blake AV, Tanushi A, McCarthy SM, Kim D, Loria SM, Donahue CM, Spielvogel KD, Keith JM, Daly SR, Radosevich AT. Validating the Biphilic Hypothesis of Nontrigonal Phosphorus(III) Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghoon Lee
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA
| | | | - Akira Tanushi
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Sean M. McCarthy
- Department of ChemistryNalas Engineering Services, Inc. Centerbook CT 06409 USA
| | - Daniel Kim
- Department of ChemistryColgate University Hamilton NY 13346 USA
| | - Sydney M. Loria
- Department of ChemistryColgate University Hamilton NY 13346 USA
| | | | | | - Jason M. Keith
- Department of ChemistryColgate University Hamilton NY 13346 USA
| | - Scott R. Daly
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA
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26
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Lee K, Blake AV, Tanushi A, McCarthy SM, Kim D, Loria SM, Donahue CM, Spielvogel KD, Keith JM, Daly SR, Radosevich AT. Validating the Biphilic Hypothesis of Nontrigonal Phosphorus(III) Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6993-6998. [PMID: 30901511 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Constraining σ3 -P compounds in nontrigonal, entatic geometries has proven to be an effective strategy for promoting biphilic oxidative addition reactions more typical of transition metals. Although qualitative descriptions of the impact of structure and symmetry on σ3 -P complexes have been proposed, electronic structure variations responsible for biphilic reactivity have yet to be elucidated experimentally. Reported here are P K-edge XANES data and complementary TDDFT calculations for a series of structurally modified P(N)3 complexes that both validate and quantify electronic structure variations proposed to give rise to biphilic reactions at phosphorus. These data are presented alongside experimentally referenced electronic structure calculations that reveal nontrigonal structures predicted to further enhance biphilic reactivity in σ3 -P ligands and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Anastasia V Blake
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Akira Tanushi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sean M McCarthy
- Department of Chemistry, Nalas Engineering Services, Inc., Centerbook, CT, 06409, USA
| | - Daniel Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Sydney M Loria
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Courtney M Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kyle D Spielvogel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jason M Keith
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Scott R Daly
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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27
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Wickramasinghe LA, Schrock RR, Tsay C, Müller P. Molybdenum Complexes that Contain a Calix[6]azacryptand Ligand as Catalysts for Reduction of N 2 to Ammonia. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:15566-15574. [PMID: 30516366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
[CAC(OMe)6]Mo(N) (3, where [CAC]3- is a calix[6]azacryptand ligand derived from a [6]calixarene) has been prepared in a reaction between Li3[CAC(OMe)6] and ( t-BuO)3Mo(N). An X-ray structural study showed 3 to have a structure similar to that of [HIPTN3N]Mo(N) (where [HIPTN3N]3- is [(3,5-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)2C6H3NCH2CH2)3N]3-). The relatively rigid [CAC(OMe)6]3- ligand in 3 forms a bowl-shaped cavity defined by a 24-atom macrocyclic ring. The Mo-Namido-Cipso angles are ∼8° smaller in 3 than they are in [HIPTN3N]Mo(N). Methoxides on the three linking units point into the cavity above the nitride in 3, whereas the three methoxides on phenyl rings attached to the amido nitrogen atoms point away from the cavity. An analogous [CAC(OMe)3(H)3]Mo(N) complex (9) was prepared in which the three methoxides pointing into the cavity in 3 have been replaced by protons. Its structure differs little from that of 3. The nitride could be protonated in 3 to give {[CAC(OMe)6]Mo(NH)}+, which could be reduced (reversibly) to [CAC(OMe)6]Mo(NH). Catalytic reduction of molecular nitrogen under a variety of conditions with either Ph2NH2OTf or HBArf (BArf- = {B[3,5(CF3)2C5H3]4}-) as the acid and a Co metallocene or KC8 as the reducing agent between -78 and 22 °C in diethyl ether shows that 1.20-1.34 equivalents of ammonia are formed starting with either [CAC(OMe)6]Mo(N) (50% 15N) or [CAC(OMe)3(H)3]Mo(N) (50% 15N).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasantha A Wickramasinghe
- Department of Chemistry 6-331 , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331 , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry 6-331 , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry 6-331 , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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