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Sikligar K, Kelley SP, Wagle DV, Ishtaweera P, Baker GA, Atwood JL. Nanocapsules of unprecedented internal volume seamed by calcium ions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9063-9067. [PMID: 37655039 PMCID: PMC10466372 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01629c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The inception of an unprecedented class of voluminous Platonic solids displaying hierarchical geometry based on pyrogallol[4]arene moieties seamed by divalent calcium ion is described. Single-crystal X-ray structural determination has established the highly conserved geometry of two original Ca2+-seamed nanocapsules to be essentially cubic in shape with C-ethylpyrogallol[4]arene units located along the twelve edges of the cube which are then bridged by metallic polyatomic cations ([Ca4Cl]7+ or [Ca(HCO2)Na4]5+) at the six cube faces. The accessible volume of the nanocapsules is ca. 3500 Å3 and 2500 Å3 and is completely isolated from the exterior of the capsules. These remarkable nanocapsule discoveries cast a spotlight on a marginalized area of synthetic materials chemistry and encourage future exploration of diversiform supramolecular assemblies, networks, and capsules built on calcium, with clear benefits deriving from the intrinsic biocompatibility of calcium. Finally, a proof-of-concept is demonstrated for fluorescent reporter encapsulation and sustained release from the calcium-seamed nanocapsules, suggesting their potential as delivery vehicles for drugs, nutrients, preservatives, or antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka Sikligar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Columbia 601 S College Avenue Columbia MO - 65211 USA
| | - Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Columbia 601 S College Avenue Columbia MO - 65211 USA
| | - Durgesh V Wagle
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University 10501 FGCU Blvd. S. Fort Myers FL - 33965 USA
| | - Piyuni Ishtaweera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Columbia 601 S College Avenue Columbia MO - 65211 USA
| | - Gary A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Columbia 601 S College Avenue Columbia MO - 65211 USA
| | - Jerry L Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Columbia 601 S College Avenue Columbia MO - 65211 USA
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Taylor LLK, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Borilović I, Tuna F, Riddell IA. Self-assembly of a trigonal bipyramidal architecture with stabilisation of iron in three spin states. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11252-11255. [PMID: 34632988 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04413c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly and characterisation of a supramolecular trigonal bipyramidal iron cage containing an [FeIII(μ2-F)6(FeII)3]3+ star motif at its core is reported. The complex can be formed in a one step reaction using an heterotopic ligand that supports site-specific incorporation of iron in three distinct electronic configurations: low-spin FeII, high-spin FeII and high-spin FeIII, with iron(II) tetrafluoroborate as the source of the bridging fluorides. Formation of a μ2-F bridged mixed-valence FeII-FeIII star is unprecedented. The peripheral high-spin FeII centres of the mixed-valence tetranuclear star incorporated in the iron cage are highly anisotropic and engage in F-mediated antiferromagnetic exchange with the central FeIII ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L K Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | | | - Ivana Borilović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. .,Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. .,Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Imogen A Riddell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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Shao L, Hu X, Sikligar K, Baker GA, Atwood JL. Coordination Polymers Constructed from Pyrogallol[4]arene-Assembled Metal-Organic Nanocapsules. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3191-3203. [PMID: 34329553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coordination polymers, commonly known as infinite crystalline lattices, are versatile networks and have diverse potential applications in the fields of gas storage, molecular separation, catalysis, optics, and drug delivery, among other areas. Secondary building blocks, mainly incorporating rigid polydentate organic linkers and metal ions or clusters, are commonly employed to construct coordination polymers. Recently, novel building blocks such as coordination polyhedra have been utilized as metal nodes to fabricate coordination polymers. Benefiting from the rigid porous structure of the coordination polyhedron, prefabricated designer "pores" can be incorporated in this type of coordinate polymer. In this Account, coordination polymers built by pyrogallol[4]arene-assembled metal-organic nanocapsules are summarized. This class of metal-organic nanocapsule possesses the following advantages that make them excellent candidates in the construction of coordination polymers: (i) Various geometrical shapes with different volumes of the inner cavities can be obtained from these capsules. Among them, the two main categories illustrated are dimeric and hexameric capsules, which comprise two and six pyrogallol[4]arenes units, respectively. (ii) A wide range of possible metal ions ranging from main group metals to transition metals and even lanthanides have been demonstrated to seam the capsules. Therefore, these coordination polymers can be endowed with fascinating functionalities such as magnetism, semiconductivity, luminescence, and radioactivity. (iii) Up to 24 metal ions have been successfully embedded on the surface of the nanocapsule, each a potential reaction site in the construction of coordination polymers, opening up pathways for the formation of multidimensional frameworks.In this Account, we focus primarily on the synthesis and the structural information on pyrogallol[4]arene-derived coordination polymers. Coordination polymers can be formed by introducing linkers with two coordination sites, using pyrogallol[4]arenes with coordination sites on the tail, or even via metal ions cross-linking with each other. Machine learning was recently developed to help us predict and screen the structures of the coordination polymers. With single crystal analysis in hand, detailed structural information provides a molecular-level perspective. Significantly, following the formation of coordination polymers, the overall shape and structure of the discrete metal-organic nanocapsules remains essentially unchanged, with full retention of the prefabricated pores. If a rigid linker is used to connect capsules, more than one lattice void with different volumes can be found within the framework. Thus, molecules with different sizes could potentially be encapsulated within these coordination polymers. In addition, flexible ligands can also be employed as linkers. For example, polymers have been employed as large linkers that transform the crystalline coordination polymers into polymer matrices, paving the way toward the synthesis of advanced functional materials. Overall, coordination polymers constructed with pyrogallol[4]arene-assembled metal-organic nanocapsules show wide diversity and tunability in structure and fascinating properties, as well as the promise of built-in functionality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Xiangquan Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Kanishka Sikligar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Jerry L. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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Mei L, Ren P, Wu QY, Ke YB, Geng JS, Liu K, Xing XQ, Huang ZW, Hu KQ, Liu YL, Yuan LY, Mo G, Wu ZH, Gibson JK, Chai ZF, Shi WQ. Actinide Separation Inspired by Self-Assembled Metal–Polyphenolic Nanocages. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16538-16545. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mei
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, School of Chemistry, School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Qun-yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-bin Ke
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Jun-shan Geng
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue-qing Xing
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-wei Huang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kong-qiu Hu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-lan Liu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li-yong Yuan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guang Mo
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhong-hua Wu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - John K. Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhi-fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wei-qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Su K, Du S, Wang W, Yuan D. Control of random self-assembly of pyrogallol[4]arene-based nanocapsule or framework. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Guo TT, Su XF, Xu X, Yang J, Yan LK, Ma JF. A Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based [Co12] Coordination Cage for Highly Efficient Cycloaddition of CO2 to Epoxides. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16518-16523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Guo
- Key Lab for Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Su
- Key Lab for Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xianxiu Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Key Lab for Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Li-Kai Yan
- Key Lab for Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jian-Fang Ma
- Key Lab for Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Hu X, Chai J, Zhang C, Lang J, Kelley SP, Feng S, Liu B, Atwood DA, Atwood JL. Biomimetic Self-Assembly of CoII-Seamed Hexameric Metal–Organic Nanocapsules. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9151-9154. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangquan Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Jie Chai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jinxin Lang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Steven P. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Sisi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - David A. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Jerry L. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia Missouri 65211, United States
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Rathnayake AS, Fraser HWL, Brechin EK, Dalgarno SJ, Baumeister JE, White J, Rungthanaphatsophon P, Walensky JR, Kelley SP, Barnes CL, Atwood JL. Site-Specific Metal Chelation Facilitates the Unveiling of Hidden Coordination Sites in an FeII/FeIII-Seamed Pyrogallol[4]arene Nanocapsule. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15611-15615. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asanka S. Rathnayake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Hector W. L. Fraser
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Euan K. Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Scott J. Dalgarno
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Jakob E. Baumeister
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Joshua White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Pokpong Rungthanaphatsophon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Justin R. Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Steven P. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Charles L. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Jerry L. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601, S. College Avenue, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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