1
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Khazeber R, Pathak S, Sureshan KM. Simultaneous and in situ syntheses of an enantiomeric pair of homochiral polymers as their perfect stereocomplex in a crystal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6639. [PMID: 39103331 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Circumventing the issues of conventional stereocomplexation of preformed polymers, herein, we synthesize two enantiopure polymers of opposite chirality simultaneously and in situ as their 1:1 stereocomplex via topochemical polymerization. We design and synthesize an inositol-based achiral monomer for topochemical ene-azide cycloaddition (TEAC) polymerization. In the crystal, the monomer exhibits conformational enantiomerism, and its conformational enantiomers are self-sorted in an arrangement for TEAC polymerization to yield two enantiopure polymers of opposite chirality. Upon heating the monomer crystals, each self-sorted set of conformational enantiomers undergoes regio- and stereospecific polymerization in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal fashion, generating two 1, 4-triazolinyl-linked polymers of opposite chirality simultaneously. The new chiral carbons in all the triazoline rings of a particular polymer chain have the same absolute configuration. These homochiral polymer strands align parallelly, forming a layer, and such enantiopure layers of opposite chirality stack alternately, forming a perfect 1:1 stereocomplex, which we confirmed using single-crystal XRD analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Khazeber
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sourav Pathak
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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2
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Kerr RWF, Craze AR, Williams CK. Cyclic ether and anhydride ring opening copolymerisation delivering new ABB sequences in poly(ester- alt-ethers). Chem Sci 2024; 15:11617-11625. [PMID: 39055022 PMCID: PMC11268503 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ester-alt-ethers) are interesting as they combine the ester linkage rigidity and potential for hydrolysis with ether linkage flexibility. This work describes a generally applicable route to their synthesis applying commercial monomers and yielding poly(ester-alt-ethers) with variable compositions and structures. The ring-opening copolymerisation of anhydrides (A), epoxides (B) and cyclic ethers (C), using a Zr(iv) catalyst, produces either ABB or ABC type poly(ester-alt-ethers). The catalysis is effective using a range of commercial anhydrides (A), including those featuring aromatic, unsaturated or tricyclic monomers, and with different alkylene oxides (epoxides, B), including those featuring aliphatic, alkene or ether substituents. The range of effective cyclic ethers (C) includes tetrahydrofuran, 2,5-dihydrofuran (DHF) or 1,4-bicyclic ether (OBH). In these investigations, the catalyst:anhydride loadings are generally held constant and deliver copolymers with degrees of copolymerisation of 25, with molar mass values from 4 to 11 kg mol-1 and mostly with narrow dispersity molar mass distributions. All the new copolymers are amorphous, they show the onset of thermal decomposition between 270 and 344 °C and variable glass transition temperatures (-50 to 48 °C), depending on their compositions. Several of the new poly(ester-alt-ethers) feature alkene substituents which are reacted with mercaptoethanol, by thiol-ene processes, to install hydroxyl substituents along the copolymer chain. This strategy affords poly(ether-alt-esters) featuring 30, 70 and 100% hydroxyl substituents (defined as % of monomer repeat units featuring a hydroxyl group) which moderate physical properties such as hydrophilicity, as quantified by water contact angles. Overall, the new sequence selective copolymerisation catalysis is shown to be generally applicable to a range of anhydrides, epoxides and cyclic ethers to produce new families of poly(ester-alt-ethers). In future these copolymers should be explored for applications in liquid formulations, electrolytes, surfactants, plasticizers and as components in adhesives, coatings, elastomers and foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W F Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Alexander R Craze
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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3
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Tutoni GG, McDonald SM, Zhong R, Lu A, Huang TJ, Becker ML. Microfluidic Assembly of Degradable, Stereocomplexed Hydrogel Microparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14705-14714. [PMID: 38749060 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) have been investigated widely for their use in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. However, translation of these highly tunable systems has been hindered by covalent cross-linking methods within microparticles. Stereocomplexation, a stereospecific form of physical cross-linking, provides a robust yet degradable alternative for creating translationally relevant HMPs. Herein, 4-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) stars were used as macromolecular initiators from which oligomeric poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) was polymerized with a degree of polymerization (DPn) of 20 on each arm. Similarly, complementary propargyl-containing ABA cross-linkers with enantiomeric poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) segments (DPn = 20) on each arm. Droplets of these gel precursors were formed via a microfluidic organic-in-oil-in-water system where microparticles self-assembled via stereocomplexation and were stabilized after precipitation in deionized water. By varying the flow rate of the dispersed phase, well-defined microparticles with diameters of 33.7 ± 0.5, 62.4 ± 0.6, and 105.7 ± 0.8 μm were fabricated. Gelation due to stereocomplexation was confirmed via wide-angle X-ray scattering in which HMPs exhibited the signature diffraction pattern of stereocomplexed PLA at 2θ = 12.2, 21.2, 24.2°. Differential scanning calorimetry also confirmed stereocomplexation by the appearance of a crystallization exotherm (Tc = 37 °C) and a high-temperature endotherm (Tm = 159 °C) that does not appear in the homocrystallization of PLLA or the hydrogel precursors. Additionally, the propargyl handle present on the cross-linker allows for pre- or post-assembly thiol-yne "click" functionalization as demonstrated by the addition of thiol-containing fluorophores to the HMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna G Tutoni
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Samantha M McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ruoyu Zhong
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Annette Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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4
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Cao Q, Tu YM, Fan HZ, Shan SY, Cai Z, Zhu JB. Torsional Strain Enabled Ring-Opening Polymerization towards Axially Chiral Semiaromatic Polyesters with Chemical Recyclability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400196. [PMID: 38356038 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The development of new chemically recyclable polymers via monomer design would provide a transformative strategy to address the energy crisis and plastic pollution problem. Biaryl-fused cyclic esters were targeted to generate axially chiral polymers, which would impart new material performance. To overcome the non-polymerizability of the biaryl-fused monomer DBO, a cyclic ester Me-DBO installed with dimethyl substitution was prepared to enable its polymerizability via enhancing torsional strain. Impressively, Me-DBO readily went through well-controlled ring-opening polymerization, producing polymer P(Me-DBO) with high glass transition temperature (Tg >100 °C). Intriguingly, mixing these complementary enantiopure polymers containing axial chirality promoted a transformation from amorphous to crystalline material, affording a semicrystalline stereocomplex with a melting transition temperature more than 300 °C. P(Me-DBO) were capable of depolymerizing back to Me-DBO in high efficiency, highlighting an excellent recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Min Tu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Zhong Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Si-Yi Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhongzheng Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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5
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Chen Y, Lan Q. Experimental evidence for immiscibility of enantiomeric polymers: Phase separation of high-molecular-weight poly(ʟ-lactide)/poly(ᴅ-lactide) blends and its impact on hindering stereocomplex crystallization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129459. [PMID: 38232890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Although polymers tend not to mix, it remains challenging to characterize the immiscibility of enantiomeric poly(ʟ-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(ᴅ-lactide) (PDLA), particularly with equivalent and high molecular weight (high MW), which frustratingly disfavors the exclusive stereocomplexation. By introducing a random copolymer (PLC) of ʟ-lactide and caprolactone to form binary blends with PLLA and PDLA, the phase behavior of high-MW PLLA/PDLA blends was investigated mainly by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). DSC results showed that PLLA/PLC blends exhibited a single glass transition temperature (Tg), which depended on the blending ratio and precisely corresponded with the theoretical values calculated from the Fox equation. In comparison, PDLA/PLC blends showed composition-dependent heat-capacity increment at two unchanged Tg values of pure PLC and PDLA. AFM observation revealed that PLC is completely miscible with PLLA at high MW but is immiscible with PDLA, logically suggesting immiscibility of high-MW PLLA and PDLA. Moreover, AFM results demonstrated that high-MW PLLA/PDLA blends exhibited spherical droplets in asymmetric blends and bicontinuous interpenetrating worm-like patterns in symmetric counterparts, showing distinct and well-defined interfaces, confirming the microphase separation. Additionally, different MWs fundamentally led to significant differences in miscibility, which consequently affected the crystallization behaviors of PLLA/PDLA blends. This work provides evidence for (im)miscibility and its crucial impact on the crystallization of PLLA/PDLA blends and has important implications for understanding the stereocomplexation of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Chen
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaofeng Lan
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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6
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Xie X, Huo Z, Jang E, Tong R. Recent advances in enantioselective ring-opening polymerization and copolymerization. Commun Chem 2023; 6:202. [PMID: 37775528 PMCID: PMC10541874 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Precisely controlling macromolecular stereochemistry and sequences is a powerful strategy for manipulating polymer properties. Controlled synthetic routes to prepare degradable polyester, polycarbonate, and polyether are of recent interest due to the need for sustainable materials as alternatives to petrochemical-based polyolefins. Enantioselective ring-opening polymerization and ring-opening copolymerization of racemic monomers offer access to stereoregular polymers, specifically enantiopure polymers that form stereocomplexes with improved physicochemical and mechanical properties. Here, we highlight the state-of-the-art of this polymerization chemistry that can produce microstructure-defined polymers. In particular, the structures and performances of various homogeneous enantioselective catalysts are presented. Trends and future challenges of such chemistry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Ziyu Huo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Eungyo Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Rong Tong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA.
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7
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Xia Y, Yuan P, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Hong M. Converting Non-strained γ-Valerolactone and Derivatives into Sustainable Polythioesters via Isomerization-driven Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Thionolactone Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217812. [PMID: 36757807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
This contribution reports the efficient conversion of γ-valerolactone and its derivatives, abundant but unexplored renewable feedstocks, into sustainable and degradable polythioesters via the establishment of the first isomerization-driven ring-opening polymerizations (IROPs) of corresponding thionolactone intermediates. The key to this success relies on the development of a new simple and robust [Et3 O]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- cationic initiator which possesses high activity, exclusive selectivity, living nature, and broad scope of thionolactones. A complete inversion of configuration during IROP of enantiopure γ-thionovalerolactone is also disclosed, affording isotactic semicrystalline polythioesters (Tm =87.0 °C) with mechanical property compared well to the representative commodity polyolefins. The formation of a highly crystalline supramolecular stereocomplex with enhanced thermal property (Tm =117.6 °C) has also been revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pengjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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8
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Xu J, Zhang P, Yuan Y, Hadjichristidis N. Elucidation of the Alternating Copolymerization Mechanism of Epoxides or Aziridines with Cyclic Anhydrides in the Presence of Halide Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218891. [PMID: 36734167 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic halide salts in combination with metal or organic compound are the most common and essential catalysts in ring-opening copolymerizations (ROCOP). However, the role of organic halide salts was neglected. Here, we have uncovered the complex behavior of organic halides in ROCOP of epoxides or aziridine with cyclic anhydride. Coordination of the chain-ends to cations, electron-withdrawing effect, leaving ability of halide atoms, chain-end basicity/nucleophilicity, and terminal steric hindrance cause three types of side reactions: single-site transesterification, substitution, and elimination. Understanding the complex functions of organic halide salts in ROCOP led us to develop highly active and selective aminocyclopropenium chlorides as catalysts/initiators. Adjustable H-bonding interactions of aminocyclopropenium with propagating anions and epoxides create chain-end coordination process that generate highly reactive carboxylate and highly selective alkoxide chain-ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Xu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youyou Yuan
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Yue TJ, Wang LY, Ren WM, Lu XB. Regioselective Copolymerization of Epoxides and Phthalic Thioanhydride to Produce Isotacticity-Rich Semiaromatic Polythioesters. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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10
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Li F, Zhou F, Romano D, Rastogi S. Synthesis and Characterization of Well-Defined High-Molecular-Weight PDLA- b-PLLA and PDLA- b-PLLA- b-PDLA Stereo-Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feijie Li
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuhai Zhou
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dario Romano
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay Rastogi
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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11
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Wang X, Huo Z, Xie X, Shanaiah N, Tong R. Recent Advances in Sequence-Controlled Ring-Opening Copolymerizations of Monomer Mixtures. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201147. [PMID: 36571563 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transforming renewable resources into functional and degradable polymers is driven by the ever-increasing demand to replace unsustainable polyolefins. However, the utility of many degradable homopolymers remains limited due to their inferior properties compared to commodity polyolefins. Therefore, the synthesis of sequence-defined copolymers from one-pot monomer mixtures is not only conceptually appealing in chemistry, but also economically attractive by maximizing materials usage and improving polymers' performances. Among many polymerization strategies, ring-opening (co)polymerization of cyclic monomers enables efficient access to degradable polymers with high control on molecular weights and molecular weight distributions. Herein, we highlight recent advances in achieving one-pot, sequence-controlled polymerizations of cyclic monomer mixtures using a single catalytic system that combines multiple catalytic cycles. The scopes of cyclic monomers, catalysts, and polymerization mechanisms are presented for this type of sequence-controlled ring-opening copolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ziyu Huo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Narasimhamurthy Shanaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1040 Drillfield Drive, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rong Tong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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12
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Alhaj M, Narayan R. Scalable Continuous Manufacturing Process of Stereocomplex PLA by Twin-Screw Extrusion. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:922. [PMID: 36850205 PMCID: PMC9965968 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A scalable continuous manufacturing method to produce stereocomplex PLA was developed and optimized by melt-blending a 1:1 blend of high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and high molecular weight poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Thermal characteristics of stereocomplex formation were characterized via DSC to identify the optimal temperature profile and time for processing stereocomplex PLA. At the proper temperature window, high stereocomplex formation is achieved as the twin-screw extruder allows for alignment of the chains; this is due to stretching of the polymer chains in the extruder. The extruder processing conditions were optimized and used to produce >95% of stereocomplex PLA conversion (melting peak temperature Tpm = 240 °C). ATR-FTIR depicts the formation of stereocomplex crystallites based on the absorption band at 908 cm-1 (β helix). The only peaks observed for stereocomplex PLA's WAXD profile were at 2θ values of 12, 21, and 24°, verifying >99% of stereocomplex formation. The total crystallinity of stereocomplex PLA ranges from 56 to 64%. A significant improvement in the tensile behavior was observed in comparison to the homopolymers, resulting in a polymer of high strength and toughness. These results lead us to propose stereocomplex PLA as a potential additive/fiber that can reinforce the material properties of neat PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alhaj
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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13
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Stereocomplex crystallization of chiral hydroxyalkanoic acid-based biodegradable alternating copolyesters with two types of chiral centers and opposite monomer configurational combinations of L-D and D-L (S-R and R–S). POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Hirschmann M, Andriani F, Fuoco T. Functional and Degradable Copolyesters by Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Epoxides and Anhydrides. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Zhang Z, Shi C, Scoti M, Tang X, Chen EYX. Alternating Isotactic Polyhydroxyalkanoates via Site- and Stereoselective Polymerization of Unsymmetrical Diolides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20016-20024. [PMID: 36256876 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Naturally produced, biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) promise more sustainable alternatives to nonrenewable/degradable plastics, but biological PHA's stereomicrostructures are strictly confined to isotactic (R)-polymers or copolymers of random sequences. Chemical synthesis via catalyzed ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic (di)esters offers expedient access to diverse PHA microstructures, including those with defined comonomer sequences and tacticities. However, the synthesis of alternating isotactic PHAs has not been achieved by the existing methodologies. Here, we report the design of unsymmetrically disubstituted eight-membered diolides (rac-8DLR1-R2) and their site- and stereoselective ROP with discrete chiral catalysts, enabling the synthesis of alternating isotactic PHAs, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-alt-3-hydroxyvalerate) (alt-P3HBV) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-alt-3-hydroxyheptanoate) (alt-P3HBHp), with high to quantitative (>99%) alternation and isotacticity and Mn up to 113 kDa and Đ = 1.01. Physical properties of such PHAs are substantially determined by the degree of backbone sequence alternation and tacticity, ranging from amorphous to semi-crystalline materials. The alt-P3HBV shows significantly improved mechanical performance relative to the constituent homopolymers. Intriguingly, enantiomeric (R)-alt-P3HBV and (S)-alt-P3HBV, synthesized by kinetically resolved ROP of rac-8DLMe-Et, form a stereocomplex with a significantly enhanced Tm (by 53 °C), while the enantiomeric homopolymers do not form a stereocomplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Changxia Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Miriam Scoti
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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16
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Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Anti-Inflammation of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) by Stereocomplexes of PLLA/PDLA and Surface-Modified Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183790. [PMID: 36145934 PMCID: PMC9504497 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), as a biodegradable polymer, has attracted attention for use as a biomaterial. In order to apply PLLA as a cardiovascular stent, stronger mechanical properties and anti-inflammatory effects against acidic by-products are required. In this study, PLLA/PDLA stereocomplex microparticles (SC) were developed and surface-modified magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanoparticles with oligolactide were combined with these PLLA composites. The SC improved the mechanical properties of the PLLA composites through the formation of stereocomplex structures. The surface-modified MH nanoparticles showed enhanced mechanical properties due to the stereocomplex structures formed by PLLA chains and inhibited inflammatory responses by pH neutralization as a result of MH. Additionally, the MH nanoparticles containing PLLA composites had antibacterial effects and increased the viability of human vascular endothelial cells. This technology is expected to have great potential in the development of PLLA composite materials for the production of various medical devices, such as cardiovascular stents.
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17
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Wang XQ, Wu B, Bai YQ, Zhai XY, Zhou YG. CuH-Catalyzed Consecutive Hydrosilylation/Dehydrocoupling Polymerization of Difunctional Hydroxyketones with Dihydrosilanes for Syntheses of Chiral Poly(silyl ether)s. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Arkanji A, Ladelta V, Ntetsikas K, Hadjichristidis N. Synthesis and Thermal Analysis of Non-Covalent PS- b-SC- b-P2VP Triblock Terpolymers via Polylactide Stereocomplexation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122431. [PMID: 35746007 PMCID: PMC9228810 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polylactides (PLAs) are thermoplastic materials known for their wide range of applications. Moreover, the equimolar mixtures of poly(L-Lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D-Lactide) (PDLA) can form stereocomplexes (SCs), which leads to the formation of new non-covalent complex macromolecular architectures. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of non-covalent triblock terpolymers of polystyrene-b-stereocomplex PLA-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-SC-b-P2VP). Well-defined ω-hydroxy-PS and P2VP were synthesized by "living" anionic polymerization high-vacuum techniques with sec-BuLi as initiator, followed by termination with ethylene oxide. The resulting PS-OH and P2VP-OH were used as macroinitiators for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of DLA and LLA with Sn(Oct)2 as a catalyst to afford PS-b-PDLA and P2VP-b-PLLA, respectively. SC formation was achieved by mixing PS-b-PDLA and P2VP-b-PLLA chloroform solutions containing equimolar PLAs segments, followed by precipitation into n-hexane. The molecular characteristics of the resulting block copolymers (BCPs) were determined by 1H NMR, size exclusion chromatography, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The formation of PS-b-SC-b-P2VP and the effect of molecular weight variation of PLA blocks on the resulting polymers, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and circular dichroism spectroscopies.
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19
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Wen Q, Cai Q, Fu P, Chang D, Xu X, Wen TJ, Wu GP, Zhu W, Wan LS, Zhang C, Zhang XH, Jin Q, Wu ZL, Gao C, Zhang H, Huang N, Li CZ, Li H. Key progresses of MOE key laboratory of macromolecular synthesis and functionalization in 2021. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Popowski Y, Lu Y, Coates GW, Tolman WB. Stereocomplexation of Stereoregular Aliphatic Polyesters: Change from Amorphous to Semicrystalline Polymers with Single Stereocenter Inversion. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8362-8370. [PMID: 35476538 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stereocomplexation is a useful strategy for the enhancement of polymer properties by the co-crystallization of polymer strands with opposed chirality. Yet, with the exception of PLA, stereocomplexes of biodegradable polyesters are relatively underexplored and the relationship between polymer microstructure and stereocomplexation remains to be delineated, especially for copolymers comprising two different chiral monomers. In this work, we resolved the two enantiomers of a non-symmetric chiral anhydride (CPCA) and prepared a series of polyesters from different combinations of racemic and enantiopure epoxides and anhydrides, via metal-catalyzed ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP). Intriguingly, we found that only specific chiral combinations between the epoxide and anhydride building blocks result in the formation of semicrystalline polymers, with a single stereocenter inversion inducing a change from amorphous to semicrystalline copolymers. Stereocomplexes of the latter were prepared by mixing an equimolar amount of the two enantiomeric copolymers, yielding materials with increased melting temperatures (ca. 20 °C higher) compared to their enantiopure constituents. Following polymer structure optimization, the stereocomplex of one specific copolymer combination exhibits a particularly high melting temperature (Tm = 238 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanay Popowski
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Hall, Campus Box 1134, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Yiye Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Geoffrey W Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - William B Tolman
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Hall, Campus Box 1134, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
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21
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Fan HZ, Yang X, Chen JH, Tu YM, Cai Z, Zhu JB. Advancing the Development of Recyclable Aromatic Polyesters by Functionalization and Stereocomplexation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117639. [PMID: 35104021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of innovative synthetic polymer systems to overcome the trade-offs between the polymer's depolymerizability and performance properties is in high demand for advanced material applications and sustainable development. In this contribution, we prepared a class of aromatic cyclic esters (M1-M5) from thiosalicylic acid and epoxides by facile one-pot synthesis. Ring-opening polymerization of Ms afforded aromatic polyesters P(M)s with high molecular weights and narrow dispersities. The physical and mechanical properties of P(M)s can be modulated by stereocomplexation and regulation of the side-chain flexibility of the polymers, ultimately achieving high-performance properties such as high thermal stability and crystallinity (Tm up to 209 °C), as well as polyolefin-like high mechanical strength, ductility, and toughness. Furthermore, the functionalizable moieties of P(M)s have driven a wide array of post-polymerization modifications toward access to value-added materials. More importantly, the P(M)s were able to selectively depolymerize into monomers in excellent yields, thus establishing its circular life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Zhong Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hao Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Min Tu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhongzheng Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Rd, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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22
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Zhang X, Zhang C, Zhang X. A Facile and Unprecedented Route to a Library of Thermostable Formaldehyde‐Derived Polyesters: Highly Active and Selective Copolymerization of Cyclic Acetals and Anhydrides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117316. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization International Research Center for X Polymers Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Chengjian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization International Research Center for X Polymers Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xinghong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization International Research Center for X Polymers Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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23
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Hu D, Hu BC, Hou XD, Zhang D, Lei YQ, Rao YJ, Wu MC. Structure-Guided Regulation in the Enantioselectivity of an Epoxide Hydrolase to Produce Enantiomeric Monosubstituted Epoxides and Vicinal Diols via Kinetic Resolution. Org Lett 2022; 24:1757-1761. [PMID: 35229602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structure-guided microtuning of an Aspergillus usamii epoxide hydrolase was executed. One mutant, A214C/A250I, displayed a 12.6-fold enhanced enantiomeric ratio (E = 202) toward rac-styrene oxide, achieving its nearly perfect kinetic resolution at 0.8 M in pure water or 1.6 M in n-hexanol/water. Several other beneficial mutants also displayed significantly improved E values, offering promising biocatalysts to access 19 structurally diverse chiral monosubstituted epoxides (97.1 - ≥ 99% ees) and vicinal diols (56.2-98.0% eep) with high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China.,National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Chun Hu
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang 46100, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Lei
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jian Rao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Min-Chen Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
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24
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Fan H, Yang X, Chen J, Tu Y, Cai Z, Zhu J. Advancing the Development of Recyclable Aromatic Polyesters by Functionalization and Stereocomplexation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua‐Zhong Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Xing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Hao Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Min Tu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zhongzheng Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Bo Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan) College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Rd Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
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25
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Sangroniz A, Zhu JB, Etxeberria A, Chen EYX, Sardon H. Modulating the Crystallinity of a Circular Plastic Towards Packaging Material with Outstanding Barrier Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200008. [PMID: 35182407 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chemically recyclable polymers have attracted increasing attention since they are promising materials in a circular economy, but such polymers appropriate for packaging applications are scarce. Here we present a combined thermal, mechanical, and transport (permeability and sorption) study of a circular polymer system based on biobased trans-hexahydrophthalide which, upon polymerization, can lead to amorphous, homochiral crystalline, and nanocrystalline stereocomplex materials. This study uncovers their largely different transport properties of the same polymer but with different stereochemical arrangements and synergistic or conflicting effects of crystallinity on transport properties versus thermal and mechanical properties. Overall, the homocrystalline chiral polymer shows the best performance with an outstanding barrier character to gases and vapors, outperforming commercial poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polyethylene. The results presented herein show that it is possible to modify the crystalline structure of the same polymer to tune the mechanical and transport properties and generate multiple materials of different barrier characters. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Sangroniz
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1872, USA.,POLYMAT, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, Donostia, 20018, Spain
| | - Jian-Bo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1872, USA
| | - Agustin Etxeberria
- POLYMAT, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, Donostia, 20018, Spain
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1872, USA
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, Donostia, 20018, Spain
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26
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Zhang X, Zhang C, Zhang X. A Facile and Unprecedented Route to a Library of Thermostable Formaldehyde‐derived Polyesters: Highly Active and Selective Copolymerization of Cyclic Acetals and Anhydrides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- Zhejiang University Department of Polymer Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Chengjian Zhang
- Zhejiang University Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zheda Road 56#310027Hangzhou Yes CHINA
| | - Xinghong Zhang
- Zhejiang University Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zheda Road 38 310027 Hangzhou CHINA
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27
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Tu YM, Wang XM, Yang X, Fan HZ, Gong FL, Cai Z, Zhu JB. Biobased High-Performance Aromatic-Aliphatic Polyesters with Complete Recyclability. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20591-20597. [PMID: 34842423 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-performance recyclable polymers represents a circular plastics economy to address the urgent issues of plastic sustainability. Herein, we design a series of biobased seven-membered-ring esters containing aromatic and aliphatic moieties. Ring-opening polymerization studies showed that they readily polymerize with excellent activity (TOF up to 2.1 × 105 h-1) at room temperature and produce polymers with high molecular weight (Mn up to 438 kg/mol). The variety of functionalities allows us to investigate the substitution effect on polymerizability/recyclability of monomers and properties of polymers (such as Tgs from -1 to 79 °C). Remarkably, a stereocomplexed P(M2) exhibited significantly increased Tm and crystallization rate. More importantly, product P(M)s were capable of depolymerizing into their monomers in solution or bulk with high efficiency, thus establishing their circular life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Tu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Zhong Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Long Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongzheng Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
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28
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Diment WT, Gregory GL, Kerr RWF, Phanopoulos A, Buchard A, Williams CK. Catalytic Synergy Using Al(III) and Group 1 Metals to Accelerate Epoxide and Anhydride Ring-Opening Copolymerizations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred T. Diment
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Georgina L. Gregory
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Ryan W. F. Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Andreas Phanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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29
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Polyamide via Condensation of Natural Source Amino Acid Diesters and Diamine. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Xie R, Zhang YY, Yang GW, Zhu XF, Li B, Wu GP. Record Productivity and Unprecedented Molecular Weight for Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Epoxides and Cyclic Anhydrides Enabled by Organoboron Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19253-19261. [PMID: 34109722 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Producing polyesters with high molecular weight (Mn ) through ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides with cyclic anhydrides remains a major challenge. Herein, we communicate a metal-free, highly active, and high thermoresistance system for the ROCOP of epoxides with cyclic anhydrides to prepare polyesters (13 examples). The organoboron catalysts can endure a reaction temperature as high as 180 °C for the ROCOP of cyclohexane oxide (CHO) with phthalic anhydride (PA) without the observation of any side reactions. The average Mn of the produced poly(CHO-alt-PA) climbed to 94.5 kDa with low polydispersity (Ð=1.19). Furthermore, an unprecedented turnover number of 9900, equivalent to an efficiency of 7.4 kg of polyester/g of catalyst, was achieved at a feed ratio of CHO/PA/catalyst=20000:10000:1 at 150 °C. Kinetic studies, crystal structure analysis, 11 B NMR spectra, and DFT calculations provided mechanistic justification for the effectiveness of the catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xie
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhe Da Road 38, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhe Da Road 38, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhe Da Road 38, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhe Da Road 38, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Yuhangtang Road 2318, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhe Da Road 38, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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31
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Xie R, Zhang Y, Yang G, Zhu X, Li B, Wu G. Record Productivity and Unprecedented Molecular Weight for Ring‐Opening Copolymerization of Epoxides and Cyclic Anhydrides Enabled by Organoboron Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xie
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Zhe Da Road 38 Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yao‐Yao Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Zhe Da Road 38 Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Guan‐Wen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Zhe Da Road 38 Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xiao‐Feng Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Zhe Da Road 38 Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hangzhou Normal University Yuhangtang Road 2318 Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Guang‐Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Zhe Da Road 38 Hangzhou 310027 China
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32
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Sun C, Zheng Y, Xu S, Ni L, Li X, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Role of Chain Entanglements in the Stereocomplex Crystallization between Poly(lactic acid) Enantiomers. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1023-1028. [PMID: 35549120 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stereocomplex (SC) crystallization between polymer enantiomers has opened a promising avenue for preparing high-performance materials. However, high-crystallinity SCs are difficult to achieve for high-molecular-weight (HMW) enantiomeric blends of chiral polymers [e.g., poly(lactic acid)]. Despite extensive studies, why HMW enantiomeric blends have difficulty in SC crystallization has not been clarified. Herein, we chose the HMW poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(d-lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) 1/1 blend as the model system and demonstrated the crucial role of chain entanglement in regulating SC crystallization. PLLA/PDLA blends with various entanglement degrees were prepared by freeze-drying. We observed that disentangling promoted not only the crystallization rate but also the crystallinity of SCs in both the nonisothermal and isothermal processes. The less-entangled samples crystallized exclusively as the high-crystallinity SCs at different temperatures, in contrast to the predominant homocrystallization that occurred in the common entangled samples. This study provides deep insight into the SC crystallization mechanism of polymers and paves the way for future research attempting to prepare SC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lingling Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
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33
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Li J, Wang M, Liu Y, Ren W, Lu X. Photoinduced Reversible Semicrystalline‐to‐Amorphous State Transitions of Stereoregular Azopolyesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Meng‐Wie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Wei‐Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiao‐Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
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34
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Li J, Wang MW, Liu Y, Ren WM, Lu XB. Photoinduced Reversible Semicrystalline-to-Amorphous State Transitions of Stereoregular Azopolyesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17898-17903. [PMID: 34129266 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of isotactic azobenzene-based polyesters (azopolyesters) with main-chain chirality via highly enantioselective resolution copolymerization of racemic azobenzene-containing epoxides with cyclic anhydrides. All polyesters with trans-azobenzene moieties were found to be semicrystalline materials with melting temperatures of 153-231 °C, while the corresponding isotactic cis-azopolyesters were amorphous. The azobenzene groups in the copolymers exhibited reversible trans-to-cis and cis-to-trans photoisomerization upon irradiation with light. This demonstrates that the crystallinity of isotactic azopolyesters can be manipulated via photoinduced reversible isomerization. In addition, mixing isotactic trans-polyesters with different enantiomeric configurations in a 1:1 mass ratio afforded crystalline stereocomplexes for which the crystalline behavior differed significantly from those of the component enantiomer. Also, photoinduced reversible transitions between semicrystalline and amorphous states were observed in various stereocomplexes of isotactic trans-azopolyesters, similar to the isotactic azopolyesters themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Meng-Wie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wei-Min Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
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35
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D'Auria I, Santulli F, Ciccone F, Giannattasio A, Mazzeo M, Pappalardo D. Synthesis of Semi‐Aromatic Di‐Block Polyesters by Terpolymerization of Macrolactones, Epoxides, and Anhydrides. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria D'Auria
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Federica Santulli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Francesca Ciccone
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Alessia Giannattasio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Mina Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Daniela Pappalardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Università del Sannio Via de Sanctis snc 82100 Benevento Italy
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36
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Deacy A, Gregory GL, Sulley GS, Chen TTD, Williams CK. Sequence Control from Mixtures: Switchable Polymerization Catalysis and Future Materials Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10021-10040. [PMID: 34190553 PMCID: PMC8297863 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an ever-increasing demand for higher-performing polymeric materials counterbalanced by the need for sustainability throughout the life cycle. Copolymers comprising ester, carbonate, or ether linkages could fulfill some of this demand as their monomer-polymer chemistry is closer to equilibrium, facilitating (bio)degradation and recycling; many monomers are or could be sourced from renewables or waste. Here, an efficient and broadly applicable route to make such copolymers is discussed, a form of switchable polymerization catalysis which exploits a single catalyst, switched between different catalytic cycles, to prepare block sequence selective copolymers from monomer mixtures. This perspective presents the principles of this catalysis, catalyst design criteria, the selectivity and structural copolymer characterization tools, and the properties of the resulting copolymers. Uses as thermoplastic elastomers, toughened plastics, adhesives, and self-assembled nanostructures, and for programmed degradation, among others, are discussed. The state-of-the-art research into both catalysis and products, as well as future challenges and directions, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gregory S. Sulley
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Thomas T. D. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
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37
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Hu L, Zhang X, Cao X, Chen D, Sun Y, Zhang C, Zhang X. Alternating Copolymerization of Isobutylene Oxide and Cyclic Anhydrides: A New Route to Semicrystalline Polyesters. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaohan Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Danjing Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yue Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengjian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xinghong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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38
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DeRosa CA, Luke AM, Anderson K, Reineke TM, Tolman WB, Bates FS, Hillmyer MA. Regioregular Polymers from Biobased ( R)-1,3-Butylene Carbonate. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Anna M. Luke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Kendra Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - William B. Tolman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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39
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Purnama P, Samsuri M, Iswaldi I. Properties Enhancement of High Molecular Weight Polylactide Using Stereocomplex Polylactide as a Nucleating Agent. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1725. [PMID: 34070263 PMCID: PMC8197296 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most attractive biopolymers nowadays in terms of their sustainability, degradability, and material tune-ability, the improvement of polylactide (PLA) homopolymer properties by studying the utilization of stereocomplex polylactide (s-PLA) effectively and efficiently is needed. In this sense, we have studied the utilization of s-PLA compared to poly D-lactide (PDLA) homopolymers as a nucleating agent for PLA homopolymers. The mechanical and thermal properties and crystallization behavior of PLA homopolymers in the presence of nucleating agents have been evaluated using a universal testing machine, differential scanning calorimeter, and X-ray diffractometer instruments, respectively. PDLA and s-PLA materials can be used to increase the thermal and mechanical properties of poly L-lactide (PLLA) homopolymers. The s-PLA materials increased the mechanical properties by increasing crystallinity of the PLLA homopolymers. PLLA/s-PLA enhanced mechanical properties to a certain level (5% s-PLA content), then decreased them due to higher s-PLA materials affecting the brittleness of the blends. PDLA homopolymers increased mechanical properties by forming stereocomplex PLA with PLLA homopolymers. Non-isothermal and isothermal evaluation showed that s-PLA materials were more effective at enhancing PLLA homopolymer properties through nucleating agent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purba Purnama
- School of Applied STEM, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia;
| | - Muhammad Samsuri
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Bekasi 17121, Indonesia;
| | - Ihsan Iswaldi
- School of Applied STEM, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia;
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40
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McGuire TM, Clark EF, Buchard A. Polymers from Sugars and Cyclic Anhydrides: Ring-Opening Copolymerization of a d-Xylose Anhydrosugar Oxetane. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. McGuire
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Ella F. Clark
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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41
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Zhou D, Xu M, Li J, Tan R, Ma Z, Dong XH. Effect of Chain Length on Polymer Stereocomplexation: A Quantitative Study. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhou
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Miao Xu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinbin Li
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui Tan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xue-Hui Dong
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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42
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Xia X, Suzuki R, Takojima K, Jiang DH, Isono T, Satoh T. Smart Access to Sequentially and Architecturally Controlled Block Polymers via a Simple Catalytic Polymerization System. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ryota Suzuki
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takojima
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Dai-Hua Jiang
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, 106 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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43
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Jia Z, Jiang J, Zhang X, Cui Y, Chen Z, Pan X, Wu J. Isotactic-Alternating, Heterotactic-Alternating, and ABAA-Type Sequence-Controlled Copolyester Syntheses via Highly Stereoselective and Regioselective Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Diesters. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4421-4432. [PMID: 33724019 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthesizing different types of sequence-controlled copolyesters can enrich the diversity of copolyesters and modify their properties more precisely, but it is still a challenge to synthesize a complicated sequence-controlled copolyester using different hydroxy acids in a living polymerization manner. In this work, a highly regioselective and stereoselective catalytic system was developed to synthesize biorenewable and biodegradable copolyesters of mandelic acid and lactic acid with isotactic-alternating, heterotactic-alternating, and ABAA-type precise and complicated sequences. Because of the regular incorporation of mandelic acid into polylactide, these sequence-controlled copolymers of mandelic acid and lactic acid show higher glass-transition temperatures than polylactide and a random copolymer. A stereocomplexation interaction between two opposite enantiomeric isotactic polymer chains was also discovered in the isotactic-alternating copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, Gansu 741001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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44
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Zhang Y, Xia B, Li Y, Lin X, Wu Q. Substrate Engineering in Lipase-Catalyzed Selective Polymerization of d-/l-Aspartates and Diols to Prepare Helical Chiral Polyester. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:918-926. [PMID: 33427463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of optically pure polymers is one of the most challenging tasks in polymer chemistry. Herein, Novozym 435 (Lipase B from Candida antarctica, immobilized on Lewatit VP OC 1600)-catalyzed polycondensation between d-/l-aspartic acid (Asp) diester and diols for the preparation of helical chiral polyesters was reported. Compared with d-Asp diesters, the fast-reacting l-Asp diesters easily reacted with diols to provide a series of chiral polyesters containing N-substitutional l-Asp repeating units. Besides amino acid configuration, N-substituent side chains and the chain length of diols were also investigated and optimized. It was found that bulky acyl N-substitutional groups like N-Boc and N-Cbz were more favorable for this polymerization than small ones probably due to competitively binding of these small acyl groups into the active site of Novozym 435. The highest molecular weight can reach up to 39.5 × 103 g/mol (Mw, Đ = 1.64). Moreover, the slow-reacting d-Asp diesters were also successfully polymerized by modifying the substrate structure to create a "nonchiral" condensation environment artificially. These enantiocomplementary chiral polyesters are thermally stable and have specific helical structures, which was confirmed by circular dichroism (CD) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and molecular calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xia
- Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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45
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Duan R, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Sun Z, Zhang H, Pang X, Chen X. A trinuclear salen-Al complex for copolymerization of epoxides and anhydride: mechanistic insight into a cocatalyst-free system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:133-136. [PMID: 33295372 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06874h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A rare example of a trinuclear salen-Al complex is reported. Due to the intramolecular interaction, the trinuclear salen-Al complex can catalyze copolymerization with high activity in the absence of any cocatalyst. On the basis of a covalent coordination insertion mechanism, ABC(1)C(2) type tetrablock copolymers were produced using an hydroxyl initiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranlong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
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46
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Deacy AC, Durr CB, Kerr RWF, Williams CK. Heterodinuclear catalysts Zn(ii)/M and Mg(ii)/M, where M = Na(i), Ca(ii) or Cd(ii), for phthalic anhydride/cyclohexene oxide ring opening copolymerisation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00238d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of heterodinuclear catalysts, coordinated by a Schiff base ligand, for ring opening copolymerisation of phthalic anhydride/cyclohexene oxide, highlight the best metal combinations for fast and selective catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arron C. Deacy
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | | | - Ryan W. F. Kerr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
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47
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Tutoni G, Becker ML. Underexplored Stereocomplex Polymeric Scaffolds with Improved Thermal and Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Tutoni
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Biomedical Engineering, Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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48
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Ungpittagul T, Jaenjai T, Roongcharoen T, Namuangruk S, Phomphrai K. Unprecedented Double Insertion of Cyclohexene Oxide in Ring-Opening Copolymerization with Cyclic Anhydrides Catalyzed by a Tin(II) Alkoxide Complex. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thasanaporn Ungpittagul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Tiphanan Jaenjai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Thantip Roongcharoen
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Namuangruk
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Khamphee Phomphrai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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49
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Zheng Y, Pan P. Crystallization of biodegradable and biobased polyesters: Polymorphism, cocrystallization, and structure-property relationship. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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50
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Shaik M, Chidara VK, Abbina S, Du G. Zinc Amido-Oxazolinate Catalyzed Ring Opening Copolymerization and Terpolymerization of Maleic Anhydride and Epoxides. Molecules 2020; 25:E4044. [PMID: 32899682 PMCID: PMC7570669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides and cyclic anhydrides has become an attractive approach for the synthesis of biodegradable polyesters with various compositions. Encouraged by the efficiency and versatility of a series of amido-oxazolinate zinc complexes, in this study they were shown to be active catalysts for the synthesis of unsaturated polyesters via ROCOP of maleic anhydride and various epoxides. The relative activity of epoxides in these reactions was observed to be styrene oxide > cyclohexene oxide > phenyl glycidyl ether, which could be correlated with the electronic and steric features of the substrate. To provide more structural possibilities for the polyesters, the difference in epoxide reactivity was exploited in an attempt to prepare block terpolymers from one anhydride and two epoxides. Terpolymerization was carried out in one or two steps in a single pot. The thermal characterization by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques suggested that the resulting materials were mostly random terpolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Vamshi K Chidara
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Srinivas Abbina
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Guodong Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
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